50

vaJafSavela Tergdaleulebis, ilia WavWavaZis, akaki wereTlis,

iakob gogebaSvilis da sxvaTa, umcrosi Tanamedrove da maTi saqmis

gamgrZelebelia. es iyo axali erovnuli proeqti saqarTvelosTvis,

saqarTvelos dayeneba `erad sxva erTa Soris~, amaTSi ki igulisxmebo

da evropis TviTgamorkvevis gzaze damdgari erebi.

saqarTvelos evropuli proeqti ar iyo mxolod politikuri pro

eqti, aramed, pirvel rigSi – msoflmxedvelobrivi. Tergdaleulebi

da, maT kvaldakval, vaJac, xedavdnen, rom is procesebi, rac evropaSi

xdeba, aris ara SemTxveviTi, aramed gangebismieri, rom evropis gamoc

dilebaa Tavis safuZvelSi qristianuli gamocdileba, qristianuli

faseulobebis mtkivneuli da Seuqcevadi Semosvla istoriaSi: Sromis

gaTavisufleba, pirovnebis gaTavisufleba sxva pirovnebis sakuTre

bis statusidan, qalebis emansipacia da a.S., am gamocdilebis argageba

da armiReba, maTi azriT, ukve niSnavda istoriis logikidan amovard

nas mTeli Tavisi tragikuli SedegebiT. anu

evropuli proeqti iTvaliswinebda qarTvelebSi axali su

liskveTebis, axali suliergonebrivi agebulebis dabade

bas, rac iliam gamoxata lelTRunias sityvebSi: `Cven Cveni

Tavi Cvenadve gveyudneso~, anu gabedvas imisa, rom sakuTar

xelSi aiRo rogorc piradi cxovrebis, ise qveynis cxov

rebis sadaveebi, pasuxismgeblobis sruliad axali ganzo

milebiT.

vaJas mTeli Semoqmedebis laitmotivi swored esaa: Tavis fiqrebs,

naazrevs, piradi sindisis Zaxils mindobili pirovnebebis dabade

ba, Tundac es dabadeba xdebodes yvelaze arasaxarbielo viTarebaSi,

Tundac am dabadebas mTeli gareSe samyaro uSlides xels.

gamoCenili qarTvelebi

vaJas zogadkacobriuli

proeqti

50

levan gigineiSvili

vaJa-fSavela (daax. 1880-1898). foto aleqsandre roiniSvilisa

51

vaJam Tavis droisTvis Sesaferisi, xarisxiani ganaTleba miiRo. rva

wlis asakSi Telavis sasuliero saswavlebelSi swavlobda. aq miRebuli

ganaTlebiT maincdamainc kmayofili ar iyo. es is periodia, rodesac

mSobliuri ena idevneba dawyebiTi ganaTlebidan. amis winaaRmdeg ga

modioda iakob gogebaSvili da ara marto is, aramed rusi pedagogikis

iseTi Teoretikosebi, rogorc, magaliTad, k.d. uSinski. vaJa ixsenebs,

rom uazrod gvazuTxinebdnen berZnul da laTinur citatebs, maga

liTad aseTs: `xaris xarin tiktikin~so. es cnobili berZnuli andazis

pirveli nawilia: `xaris men xarin tiktei, eris de erin~ – anu wyaloba

wyalobas Sobs, mtroba ki – mtrobas. aq cxadad Cans vaJas ironia da is,

Tu ra sasacilod JRerda es gazepirebuli fraza saswavleblis bavSve

bisTvis. magram me vfiqrob, es berZnuli andaza sxva bevr andazas So

ris SemTxveviT ar damaxsovrebia vaJas, aramed is mis bediswerad, misi

msofl mxedvelobis qvakuTxedad unda qceuliyo, razec SemdgomSi vi

laparakeb.

mowifulobisas vaJa goris saostato seminariaSi swavlobda. aq iyo

nayofieri, mduRare inteleqtualuri cxovreba. axalgazrdebi ecno

bodnen yvelaze mowinave socialurpolitikur ideebs, kiTxulobdnen

caristuli reJimis mankierebebis mamxilebel avtorebs, qmnidnen li

te raturul da politikur gaerTianebebs.

erTi aseTi gaerTianebis, kerZod ki, rusi narodnikebis magaliTze

Seqmnil gaerTianebaSi cota xniT vaJac Sedioda, magram maleve mia

tova es wre. rodesac sayvedurobdnen, Cvens krebebze ratom aRar dadixaro,

pasuxobda, `me Cems RerZze miyvars trialio~. es dasamaxsovrebelia: `Cems RerZ

ze miyvars triali~, anu, rogorc Cans, vaJas ar moewona, ase vTqvaT, `partiuli~

erTianobis suliskveTeba, rodesac piradi xma raRac ideologiur kliSeebs,

stereotipebs unda daemorCilos da maTSi gaiTqvifos. am Tavisi RerZis garSemo

trialSi vaJa uamravs kiTxulobda da goris axalgazrda inteleqtualur wreeb

Si erTerTi yvelaze ganaTlebuli, Zlieri argumentaciis unaris mqone studen

tad iTvleboda.

Tanamedroveebis mogonebebidan cxadad Cans, rom vaJa siRrmiseulad ic nob da

ev ropel da rus moazrovneebs: filosofosebsa da literatorebs; SeeZlo Rr

mad da dasabuTebulad ekamaTa, magaliTad, iseT rTul sakiTxebze, rogoric iyo

hegelis filosofiuri tradiciis konservatoruli da progresistuli gagebe

bi, kerZod, vaJa hegeliseuri principis `realoba racionaluria~s progresul

gagebas uWerda mxars. man poeturi niWi adreve gamoavlina da sayvarelma maswav

lebelma, goris saostato seminariis direqtorma, dimitri semionovma didi mo

mavali uwinaswarmetyvela; gamoSvebis dRes man vaJa sxvebSi gamoarCia da uTxra:

`Sen, Cemo luka! getyvi imas, rac SenTvis xSirad miTqvams! bunebiT poeto, talan

ti ar damarxo, ganaviTare goneba, daakvirdi da Seiswavle cxovreba, ikiTxe sxva

vaJas zogadkacobriuli proeqti

georg vilhelm fridrix hegeli (1770 1831) – germaneli filosofosi, germanuli idealizmis warmomadgeneli. hegelis azriT, istoriis epoqebi da socialurpolitikuri struqturebis cvlileba absoluturi, RvTiuri gonis TviTgamoxatvis stadiebia, amitom istoria ar aris SemTxveviTi, aramed aqvs Sinagani aucilebloba, RvTiuri logika.

51

52

gamoCenili qarTvelebi

dasxva mimarTulebis wignebi da maSin SeiZleba, rom yovelmxriv Cveni sinamdvile

daasuraTo~.

vaJasTvis mniSvnelovani iyo peterburgSi wasvlac, sadac peterburgis uni

versitetis iuridiuli fakultetis Tavisufali msmeneli iyo erTi wliT. sam

wuxarod, usaxsrobis gamo swavla veRar gaagrZela, magram `evropaSi gaWril

sarkmelad~ wodebul qalaqSi misi erTwliani yofna, vfiqrob, misTvisac bedis

ganmsazRvreli sarkmeli unda yofiliyo, radgan erTia wignebi, magram sxvaa uSu

alo Sexeba da cxovreba civilizaciasTan ruseTis imperiis mowinave evropul

yvelaze daaxloebul qalaqSi.

Tavisi sazogado moRvaweoba vaJam skolis maswavleblobiT daiwyo. es adgili

mas mas mere daatovebines, rac konfliqti mouvida soflis mRvdelTan, romel

mac daukiTxavad da uceremoniod waarTva skolas teritoria da eklesiis ezos

miuerTa, riTac bavSvebi saTamaSo sivrcis gareSe datova. vaJa ise gaamwara am usa

marTlobam, rom Semoelaxa kidec es moZalade mRvdeli. ase angariSmiucemlad

aRSfoTeba usamarTlobis gamo damaxasiaTebelia vaJasTvis; Tavad gulwrfeli

qristiani werda erT leqsSi:

`am moZRvrebisTvis jvarze gaekra:

Tavis swavlasa did xeda hrgavda,

rogor ewvala, rogor ecada,

rom ar hyoliyo kaci kacs mglada~.

cxadia, ver aitana amis damwerma, rom adamiani, visac yvelaze metad evaleba

saxarebis mcnebebiT cxovreba, TviTon eqca mglad skolis bavSvebs da RvTismsa

xuris statusic gamoiyena Tavisi uzneobis imunitetad.

Tavisi cxovrebis ZiriTadi nawili vaJam fSavis ulamazes sofel Cargal

Si gaatara. aq dawera Tavisi genialuri nawarmoebebis umetesobac. cxovrobda

ukidures siduxWireSi da mwerlobasTan erTad fizikuri Sromac uwevda. aris

mogoneba imaze, Tu rogor Seudga vaJa poema ̀ baxtrionis~ weras: yanas Tibavda fer

dobze da ucbad STagoneba ewvia, miagdo celi da sirbiliT miaSura saxls, raTa

saswrafod wera daewyo. ocnebobda materialuri mdgomareobis gaumjobesebaze

da erTxans – TbilisSi sacxovreblad gadasvlaze. erTxel biznesproeqtic scada

amis gamo: Carglis bunebriv samkurnalo wyaroebSi abano moawyo turistebisTvis,

daiqirava mojamagireebi, romlebic uvlidnen am abanos da turistebs xvdebod

nen. Tumca vaJas es erTaderTi biznesproeqti xanmokle da warumatebeli gamod

ga. ar aRmoCnda biznesi misi saqme.

vaJas hyavda erTi mdidari naTesavi, romelmac dascinasaviT: `Sen raRaceebs

wer da me naxe amasobaSi ramdeni cxvari myavso~. vaJam uborotod upasuxa: `Sen

rom ar iqnebi, me viqnebio~. vaJa marTlac iqneba yovelTvis, sanam saqarTvelo

da, metic, sanam kacobrioba iarsebebs, radgan pirovnebis dabadebis is impera

tivi, razec Tavis SemoqmedebaSi saubrobs, gansakuTrebuli ZaliT ki poemebSi

`aluda qeTelauri~ da ̀ stumarmaspinZeli~, zogadkacobriuli imperativia da

adamianis Rirsebis qvakuTxeds Seadgens.

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53

mokled am or poemas Sevexebi da maT ramdenime pasaJze SevaCereb mkiTxvelis

yuradRebas.

aluda qeTelauri Tavisi Temis, sazogadoebis yvelaze Rirseuli wevria: `sa

fixvnos TavSi dajdebis~, anu TviT rCeulebSic, vinc safixvnos Seadgenen, gamor

Ceulia. es iqidanac Cans, rom cxenebis gamtacebeli qistebis gamosadevneblad

wasvlas mxolod aluda gabedavs. erT qists moklavs, meoresTan ki dramatul or

TabrZolaSi Caebmeba da sasikvdilod daWris mas; `Zmac xom mamikal, mec mamkal, ra

vuTxra madlsa RvTisasa~, – amoigminebs qisti RmerTis sayvedurs. ramxela tki

vilia aq gamoxatuli sayvareli ZmisTvis SurisZiebis keTilSobili miswrafebis

gawbilebis gamo. magram miuxedavad am tkivilisa, qisti inarCunebs imis Segnebas,

rom aluda marTalia da hqonda ufleba iaraRiT daebrunebina warTmeuli qoneba;

vaJas zogadkacobriuli proeqti

53

Tan misi vaJkacobac daafasa – martom gabeda am sarisko saqmeze wamosvla. es Cans

mis mimarTvaSi: `Tofic Sen dagrCes, rjulZaRlo, xels ar Cavardes sxvisasa~.

anu vaJkacma vaJkaci dainaxa da daafasa. naxeT, aludas Sinagani gardatexis pir

veli impulsi qisti mucalisgan modis: pirvelad swored qistma mucalma daina

vaJa-fSavela ojaxTan erTad, daaxl. 1895.

54

xa Rirseba misi kulturisa da religiisagan sruliad gansxvavebuli kulturisa

da religiis adamianSi. im dramatuli orTabrZolis dros raRac saerTo da zo

gadkacobriuli gamoikveTa am or pirovnebas Soris, rac pirvelad mucalma ga

moxata da aludamac gaiziara. amaSic vaJas azrovnebis sifarTove Cans, radgan am

yvelafriT is ambobs, rom adamianis Rirsebis safuZveli zogadkacobriulia da

yvela religiisa da kulturis adamianSi aRmosaCeni. aluda ar Wris mklavs mu

cals, rogorc amas tradicia moiTxovs, da metic, ara marto pativs scems mas da

dakrZalavs, aramed gulwrfeli da spontanuri sibraluliT dastiris kidec. am

pirveli biZgis mere iwyeba aludaSi axali dabadebis procesi, romlis safexure

bi da logikac vaJas didi sizustiT aqvs gadmocemuli. jer, ukan dabrunebisas,

aluda Rrmad Cafiqrdeba sisxlis aRebis saukunovan tradiciaze da am Cafiqre

biT, dakvirvebiT garkveulwilad emijneba mas, radgan, Tu ginda rames yuradRe

biT da obieqturad daakvirde, unda gamijno droebiT mainc Seni Tavi misgan. amis

mere xdeba misi pirveli Sexla TemTan, sadac aluda pirdapir ityvis, rom is, rac

misi azriT yvelaze mniSvnelovania adamianSi, kerZod ki, Rirseba da vaJkacoba,

is, rac Seadgens adamianis `kacobas~, ar daiyvaneba winaprebisgan memkvidreobiT

miRebul adaTwesebze da am adaTwesebis CarCoebSi gagebul religiaze, aramed

arsebobs ufro maRali gadasaxedi, ase vTqvaT, zekulturuli perspeqtiva, ro

melsac aluda `RvTisSvilebis~ perspeqtivas uwodebs; am `RvTisSviluri~ pers

peqtividan nebismieri kulturis da religiis adamianis Rirseba awonili da da

fasebulia:

gamoCenili qarTvelebi

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55

`Cven vityviT, ‘kacni Cvena varT,

marto Cven gvzrdian dedani,

Cvena vcxondebiT, urjuloT

kuprSi mielisT qSenani’.

am sityviT vwaramaraobT,

RvTisSvilT ukeTes ician!

yvelani marTals amboben,

gana, vinaca hfician”.

aq daufaravi ironiaa da ironia Zalian mniSvnelovani fenomenia: ironiiT Sen

scildebi, emijnebi imas, rac ironiis sagania, rasac dascini, amitom aRar monawi

leob masSi, ase vTqvaT, ritualuri seriozulobiT.

aludasi ar sjeraT. ufro sworad rom vTqvaT, ar surT rom daujeron, radgan,

Tu aluda ar styuis da Tu man, TemSi yvelaze Rirseulma, `urjulo~ mterSi sru

li adamianuri Rirseba dainaxa, maSin aluda yvelas ayenebs zneobrivi dilemis,

arCevnis winaSe: dafiqrdnen mis am ucnaur qcevaze, awondawonon, Seafason is da

sakuTari TavisTvis miiRon gadawyvetileba, Zveleburi cxovreba gaagrZelon Tu

Tavadac Secvalon damokidebuleba. amisTvis ki Temi mzad ar aris da aludas uc

naurobas mis silaCres miawers. amitom maSinac ki, roca mindia moitans mucalis

moWril xels aludas vaJkacobis dasamtkiceblad, Temi gulcivad miiRebs amas da

aludas qmedebaze arc amis Semdeg daiwyebs `saxifaTo~ fiqrs.

amis Semdeg vaJa aRwers aludas sizmars, rodesac glovis rigSi Camdgari xe

vsurebi moklul moZmes stirodnen da Tan Suris saZieblad emzadebodnen. alu

das salafavi daudges saWmelad, romelic adamianis xorcis aRmoCnda. aludas

SezizR da da aRar Wama. aq mas xma esmis: `ratom ara sWam aludav, ratom xar gaS

terebuli~. esec mniSvnelovani detalia: `gaStereba~ aq niSnavs Cafiqrebas, Rrma

xedvaSi wasvlas. xma ki, romelic mas ritorikulad ekiTxeba, ratom xar gaStere

bulio. aris Temis zogadi xma, msoflmxedveloba Tu ideologia, romelic uSlis

adamians Tavisi azrebi da xedvebi Tavad dabados; urCevs Tavi daizRvios am rTu

li saqmisgan da umravlesobis inercias gahyves.

poemis kulminaciaa scena, roca aludas mTeli mozveri ahyavs mucalis

xsovnisTvis Sesawirad, rasac berdia provokaciad da Tavxedobad miiCnevs. `feri

edeba berdias, feri sxva rigis SiSisa~. arc erTi sxva zedsarTavi ar mouxdebo

da berdias SiSs, rogorc sityva `sxva rigis~. anu es iyo raRac uCveulo SiSi, ro

melTanac sxva arc erTi SiSi ar movidoda, TviT sikvdilis SiSic, radgan `sxva

rigi~ gamoxatavs aq mTeli msoflmxedvelobiTi struqturis darRvevis SiSs,

SiSs, rom daamsxvrio is ideologiurkulturuli kristali, romelSic aqamde

uyurebdi realobas da scado sxvanairadac gaixedo, Tundac am sxvanairad gaxed

vam cxovrebis wesis Secvla gaiZulos.

sainteresoa, ras ambobs aluda mucalze da mis Zmaze am bolo scenaSi: `ro

gorc undomlad moklulis, Tavis lamazis ZmisTvina~. daakvirdiT, `lamazs~

uwodebs mas, vinc poemis dasawyisSi mokla rogorc erTi vinme `qurdkantala

vaJas zogadkacobriuli proeqti

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56

RliRveli~. anu aludaSi moxda Zirfesviani gardatexa, xedvis kuTxis Zirfes

viani Secvla, faqtobrivad mucalis TvalebiT uyurebs mucalisve Zmas. aludam

TviTon Sewira mozveri da rodesac xmali amoiRo, vaJa ambobs: `Suqi amoxda

mzisao~. es mZlavri metaforaa. manamde, poemis dasawyisSi xom iTqva: `Satils

jer ar Caswvdomia Suqi SuadRis mzisao, ar CauSveben Camsvlelsa, ca axuria

kldi sao~; anu `kldis ca~, ese igi, myari stereotipebi, ar uSvebs axali xedvebis

Suqs sazogadoebaSi, mze ki mxolod maSin amobrwyindeba, rodesac Tavis pirad

sindiss mindobili adamianebi gaexsnebian da aRmoaCenen WeSmaritebis impera

tivebs da Semdeg zneobrivi Zalac eyofaT Riad gamoxaton isini. gambedaoba da

zneobrivi Zala aucilebelia, miT umetes, rom ar aris garantia, rom sazogadoe

ba gagigebs. piriqiT, ufro didi SesaZleblobiT drois koniunqtura, arsebuli

myari Sexedulebebi advilad ar daTmoben Tavis Zalauflebas adamianebis gone

bebze da siaxlis Semomtani gaiTeleba, rogorc es aludas SemTxvevaSic moxda.

gamoCenili qarTvelebi

56vaJa-fSavela, daaxl. 1895.

57

magram WeSmaritebis msaxureba da gamoTqma, vaJas mowodebiT, ar aris damoki

debuli im SemTxveviT garemoebaze, warmatebuli iqneba es Tu warumatebeli,

radgan es sindisis absoluturi moTxovna da imperativia. ase rom, aludasnairi

gmirebi ar dagideven Sedegebs: saTqmeli unda gamoiTqvas, gamosaxatavi, unda

gamoixatos da rac mTavaria – samoqalaqo sivrceSi.

msgavsi problematika, aranaklebi ZaliT da dramatizmiT, aris asaxuli va

Jas `stumarmaspinZelSic~. aqac, pirvel scenaSi, xevsur zviadaursa da qist

joyolas Soris ibadeba raRac urTierToba, romelic ar aris damokidebuli kul

turul gansazRvrulobaze an religiaze: isini xvdebian rogorc ori monadire:

erTi, joyola – warmatebuli, meore, zviadauri – xelmocaruli. maT erTmaneT

Si uCndebaT, ase rom vTqvaT, profesiuli solidaroba: ramxela riski, simarjve,

gamarTleba sWirdeba jixvebze nadirobas da ra didi gawbilebaa, rodesac mTel

dRes uSedegod dakargav! qisti joyola amas xvdeba Tavisi keTili guliT da

mzad aris Tavisi nanadirevis naxevari gaunawilos zviadaurs (romelic saxels

daumalavs da nunuad gausaRebs Tavs). amisTvis religiur Teoriasac mimarTavs

daaxloebiT am logikiT, alahma gansazRvra yvelaferi: jixvis mokvla Cemi dam

saxureba ki ara, alahis wyalobaa, da radgan imave alahma Seni Tavi axla da am dros

Semaxvedra, ese igi, is wyaloba imitom gaiRo CemTvis, rom mere Senc gaexade misi

mowile, amitom mec ver movklavdi jixvs, alahs rom Seni Svela ar ndomebodao da

aqedan daskvna: `wili gdebia Senaca Cemgan moklulsa jixvSia~. es daskvna akvir

vebs zviadaurs, cxadia, da arc iRebs mas, `sad ar miTesavs, Zmobilo, iq movmka,

sadauria?~, magram zviadauri moixibla Tavidanve joyolas sikeTiT da gulis

xmierebiT.

mTavari mizezi, albaT, ris gamoc gahyva TavisTvis ase sarisko adgilas swored

am pirovnebis ukeT gacnoba, misiT daintereseba iyo. zviadaurs icnobs joyolas

stumari da mTel sofels mosdebs am ambavs. Temi zviadauris mokvlas gadawyvets

da aRar miaqcevs yuradRebas joyolas piradi sivrcis, misi ojaxis, saxlis xel

Seuxeblobas: Seuvardebian da stumars gaukoWaven. joyola TavgamodebiT icavs

rogorc stumars, ise Tavis pirad, Temis mier Selaxul Rirsebas. Temis logika

aseTia: Cven Tu am SemTxvevaSi davicaviT ojaxis xelSeuxeblobis wesi, es SeiZle

ba gamoiyenos zviadaurma da gagveqces, Tu gagveqceva, Cvenze iqneba sircxvili,

rom an doylapiebi varT, an, uaresi, mSiSrebi da ver gavbedeT mosisxlis mokvla.

es gaaZlierebs, Cvenze upiratesobas moapovebinebs Cvens mtrebs, xevsurebs, da

sabolood gagvanadgurebs. amitom Temis siZliere axla iTxovs nebismier fasad

zviadauris mokvlas. dasawyisSi es dilemac ar dgas albaT Temis winaSe: winas

war fiqroben, rom joyolac daeTanxmebaT, da Tu ara, saboloo ‘koziri’ is aqvT,

rom Seaxsenon: `TviT aman mokla Seni Zma aryianebSi TofiTa~, anu mis mTavar vne

bas, ZmisTvis SurisZiebis survils, gamoiyeneben imisTvis, rom Tavis ganzraxva

Seasrulon, usayvarlesi adamianisTvis SurisZieba xom iseTi stiqiaa, romelic

yvela princips faravs, miT umetes, rom joyolasTvis es survili cxovrebis um

Tavresi motivia da yvelgan Tan dayveba: `Zmismkvlelis sisxli swyuria kaci rom

midis gzazeda~ – swored joyolazea naTqvami poemis dasawyisSi. magram aq joyola

vaJas zogadkacobriuli proeqti

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58

moulodnelad, umtkivneulesi pauzis (`TiTqos isari zed gulis kovzze daeso~)

Semdeg mSvidad ambobs: `eg marTalia, iqneba, ra unda miTxraT magiTa? miTc ver

miabamT Tqvens zraxvas Cems gulisTqmasTan ZafiTa~. `Zafi~ aq metaforaa: Zafze

uwvrilesi araferia da Tu ZafiTac ar aris mibmuli, ese igi saerTod arafriT

ar aris mibmuli, anu SurisZiebis vneba da imperativi, daicva stumris usafrTxo

eba, sxvadasxva ganzomilebebSia, erTmaneTs ar kveTen, da meore Seudareblad,

metic, usasrulod ufro mniSvnelovania (am usasrulobas vaJas meore metafora

`zRva~ gamoxatavs: `Tund zRva emarTos sisxlisa, miTac me ver vuRalateb, vficav

RmerTs, qmnili imisa~). mTeli azri am konfliqtis amaSia:

vaJa gvaswavlis, rom ar SeiZleba sazogadoebam rame warmatebas miaRwios, am

sazogadoebis TiToeuli wevris Rirsebis abuCad agdebis xarjze. Rirsebaayri

li, uflebaayrili moqalaqeebisgan Semdgari sazogadoeba veranair warmate

bas ver miaRwevs veraferSi, rac kacobriobis istoriam bevrjer da tragiku

lad aCvena.

garda stumris dacvis imperativisa, joyolaSi raRac sxvac moqmedebs – in

tuicia, rom zviadauri Rirseuli adamiania, miuxedavad imisa, rom garemoebam misi

Zmis mkvlelad aqcia, amitom ebraleba kidec. es kargad Cans mis sityvebSi: `roca

gascdeba Cems ojaxs, iq moepyariT avada~, anu, faqtobrivad, me TviTon aRar va

pireb SurisZiebaso, da mere: `uiaraRos awvalebT, guli rasa grZnobs Tavada~, anu

marto moraluri movaleobis moxdis mizniT ki ara, moraluri grZnobis, umweo

mdgomareobaSi Cavardnili adamianis mimarT TanagrZnobis gamoc surs zviadau

ris dacva.

joyola da zviadaurze aranakleb saintereso personaJia joyolas colic.

isic gamoirCeva Temisgan, radgan mxolod mas Seebraleba zviadauri, SeiZleba ara

marto Tavisi pirovnuli Tvisebebis gamo, aramed imis gamoc, rom cotaTi mainc

gaicno es pirovneba da naxa Tavisi qmris misdami damokidebulebac. is ara marto

uTanagrZnobs zviadaurs, aramed wesis mixedviT daitirebs kidec. aq vaJa drama

tulad aRwers mis Sinagan Widils, gaorebas: erTi mxriv, aqvs gumani, intuicia,

rom rac gaakeTa, sworia, meore mxriv, mTeli misi aqamdeli codna, Temis wesebi da

msoflmxedveloba masSi ebrZvis am intuicias da brals sdebs mas. mokluli Zmac

ki moeCveneba saflavidan wamomdgari da Tavisive Tmebic ki samduravs eubnebod

nen, rogorc moRalates da mtris damtirebels. saxlisaken gamoqceuli naxavs,

rom ZaRli mirboda zviadauris cxedris sajijgnad, SeCerdeba, qvebs aiRebs da

gaagdebs ZaRls, yviriliT, vin gaWmevs kai ymis xorcso! mxolod aq aZlevs vaJa

joyolas cols saxels – aRazas. TiTqos is mxolod axla daibada, rogorc da

moukidebeli, marto Tavisi sindisis damjeri da ara Temis tradicias ayolili

pirovneba. Tan saxelic Sesaferisi misca – `aRaza~, romelic asociaciurad uka

vSirdeba aRzevebas, am SemTxvevaSi, Temis zogad Sexedulebaze maRla dadgomas.

poemis boloc monumenturi sceniT sruldeba, rodesac sadRac, aramiwier

ganzomilebaSi Cndeba joyola da uxmobs zviadaurs, romelic mkerdze xelgada

gamoCenili qarTvelebi

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jvaredinebuli, rogorc ziarebis win, gamoCndeba, Semdeg maT aRaza maspinZlobs

da maTi saubari Seexeba stumarmaspinZlobis wess, patiebas, siyvaruls. aqac sim

boloebia, radgan joyola zneobrivad gacilebiT ufro daxvewili da amaRlebu

li pirovnebaa, vidre zviadauri: zviadauri mxolod vaJkacobas da Seupovrobas

aCvenebs, joyola ki – Zmismkvlelis patiebas da TanagrZnobas. swored am umaRles

sibrZnes unda eziaros zviadauri. es isev vaJas xedvis sifarToveze metyvelebs,

rom musulmani kacisgan eziareba qristiani kaci umaRles sibrZnes: mtris siy

varuls, amiT vaJa am saxarebiseuli principis universalurobas usvams xazs.

vaJas zemonaxsenebi gmirebi: aluda, joyola da aRaza gamoxataven pirovnebis

sindisis gaTavisuflebas kulturultradiciuli kliSeebisagan. es igivea, rac

evropul gamocdilebaSi rene dekartes `cogito ergo sum~ (`vazrovneb, maSasadame varsebob~) wertili, anu adamianis martoobis wertili, sadac is damoukideb

lad iazrebs realobas, Tavad fiqrobs Tavis fiqrebs; an imanuil kantis `sapere aude~, anu gabedo TviTon isibrZno da ar miyve inerciebs; an martin luTeris `aq vdgavar da sxvanairad ar ZalmiZs~ – ar ZalmiZs, radgan `aq~ Cemi piradi sindisia

da masze Zvirfasi araferi maqvs. rogorc ki adamiani gacvlis am Sinagan xmas, an

ilia rogorc uwodebs, CvenSi arsebul `patara RmerTs~, iq aucileblad moxdeba

pirovnuli katastrofa, adamianis mTeli arsebis dazianeba, rac ase mZlavrad aqvs

aRwerili vaJas albaT yvelaze rTul poema `gvelismWamelSi~ mindias magaliT ze.

`aluda qeTelauri~ da `stumarmaspinZeli~ poemebia pirovnebis gamarjvebaze,

`gvelismWameli~ – pirovnebis marcxsa da tragediaze.

ar SemiZlia ar Sevexo vaJas `baxtrionsac~, kerZod ki, mis erT personaJs –

luxums. luxumi yvelaze ucnauri personaJia mTel poemaSi. zezva gafrindauli

mas Seaxsenebs epizods, rodesac luxums Seebrala mokluli leki, da arcxvens

mas: `Sen Segebrala urjulo, mogiwylianda Tvalebi, rom daenaxeT uTuod moga

furTxebdnen qalebi~. luxumi ar ekamaTeba da dumiliT miiRebs amas. baxtrionis

vaJas zogadkacobriuli proeqti

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gamoCenili qarTvelebi

aRebis Semdeg luxumi gauCinardeba da vaJa gaurkvevlobis burusSi tovebs mas,

mxolod gviyveba masze, rom `amboben, maRal kldis ZirSi, uRrans, udaburs tye

Sia, luxumi iwva daWrili, natyviari sWirs mkerdSia~. am `amboben~iT vaJa misti

kur garemos qmnis. luxumis gverdiT binadrobs adamis modgmis mteri gveli,

rome lic yvelafers anadgurebs da nTqavs, magram luxumi Seebraleba, saWmels

uzidavs da zRaparsac uyveba or obol Zmaze. ori oboli Zma asaxierebs Tavad am

gvels da luxums, romlebic umaRlesi sibrZnis, mtris Seyvarebis mcnebis gagebam

daaZmobila, da oblebi imitom arian, rom es sibrZne ar aris yvelasTvis misawv

domi, bevri mas ver gaigebs da, miT umetes, ver miiRebs. `xaris men xarin tiktei,

eris de erin~.

vaJas mTeli cxovreba awvalebda sicocxlis sazrisi da silamazis, yvelanairi

silamazis – fizikurisa da zneobrivis – faseuloba da daniSnuleba. sakiTxi dgas

martin luTeri (14831546) – religiuri reformatori. daupirispirda Tavis Tanamedrove kaTolikur eklesias, radgan, Tavad kaTolik mRvdels, miaCnda, rom eklesiam rig swavlebebSi – magaliTad, indulgenciebis Sesaxeb, romlis damaxinjebuli gagebis mixedviTac adamians SeeZlo codvebis gamosyidva eklesiisadmi Sewiruli fuliT – gadauxvia WeSmarit kaTolikobas da qristianobas. rodesac papma da saeklesio krebam mosTxoves mas Tavis azrebis Secvla da kaTolikuri eklesiis maSindel oficialur poziciasTan Serigeba, luTerma Tqva sabediswero sityvebi: `aq vdgavar da sxvanairad ar ZalmiZs~, ramac dramatulad Secvala mTeli dasavluri civilizaciis bedi.

imanuel kanti (17241804) – germaneli filosofosi. Tavis naSromSi `wminda gonebis kritika~ daupirispirda tradiciul filosofias da sruliad axali sistema Camoayaliba. kantis azriT, adamians Tavisufals xdis sakuTar TavSi aRmoCenili zneobrivi kanoni/imperativi, romelsac sakuTar Tavs nebayoflobiT ukanonebs. kantis saflavze koningsbergSi (axlandeli kaliningradi) aseTi warweraa: `ori ram macvifrebs: varskvlavebiT moWedili ca Cems Tavze da zneobrivi kanoni CemSi~.

rene dekarti (15961650) – frangi filosofosi, romelmac Tavdayira daayena mTeli manamdeli filosofia da Teologia imiT, rom WeSmaritebis kriteriumad gamoacxada ara RmerTze da samyaroze arsebuli tradiciuli swavlebebi (romlebic, misi azriT, yvela adamianisTvis absoluturad uryevi da cxadi ar iyo, radgan daeWvebis sivrces tovebda), aramed pirovnebis mier sakuTar TavSi aRmoCenili absoluturi da uryevi, yvela adamianisTvis gasagebi sicxade – `vazrovneb, maSasadame varsebob~. am uryev sicxadeze agebs Semdeg dekarti yvela danarCen codnas.

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vaJas zogadkacobriuli proeqti

ase, Tu yvelaferi sikvdiliT sruldeba, Tu yvelaferi Tavdeba, maSin ra azri aqvs

silamazes? is, rac rusTavelisTvis an guramiSvilisTvis TavisTavad cxadi iyo,

anu adamianis pirovnuli ukvdaveba da silamazis droze aRmatebuloba, es qris

tianulplatonuri sicxade, vaJasTvis ase cxadi aRar aris da is, ilias baironze

naTqvami sityvebi rom vTqvaT, marTlac `Tavis sulis wvaSi, eWvebis RrRnaSi eZebs

mourCeneli wylulebis wamals da ukvdavebis Rirss cxovrebas~. vaJas pirovnuli

dramis es mTavari nervi Tengiz abulaZemac aRmoaCina da Tavisi ukvdavi filmi

`vedreba~ swored amas miuZRvna. ramdenime moTxroba aqvs vaJas, sadac es Sinagani

Widili aqvs aRwerili, sadac mas ecxadeba eWvebisa da nihilizmis suli, romelic

qirqiliT Caagonebs, rom arafers ar aqvs azri, rom yvelafris gamauqmebeli sabo

loo wertili sikvdilia.

ai aq aris nawyveti moTxrobidan `moCveneba~, rodesac es boroti suli mas eub

neba: `ar waval da verc SegiZlian ZaliT gamagdo. eniT, rac genebos, brZane. Sen

me iotis odnad ver Semdrek imitom, rom me moudrekeli var. srulia Cemi buneba

mudam, arc daiklebs, arc moimatebs aradros. amitom amaoa sul Seni risxva, Seni

wyevla da muqara, iseve amao, rogorc TviT Seni ltolvileba da miswrafeba da

dRevandeli cremli. rad gaviwydeba: yvelafers dasasruli aqvs, – sTqva ra es,

kvlav gaicina~. vaJa pasuxobs: `su, CumadmeTqi! nu momagoneb imas, rac ar minda

movigono da arc mosagonebelia. eg mec vici, magram miswrafeba, fiqri, grZnoba,

siyvaruli, mtroba da yvela is, rac cxovrebas Seadgens, aZinebs mag fiqrs amaobi

sas, yvelafris dasasrulisas, wyeulo! Seni buneba amas ver gaigebs, radgan igi Sxa

mi, sawamlavi aris~. `ho, simarTles roca getyvi, Sxamia, sawamlavia~, ganagrZnobs

suli. aq ucnauria, rom vaJac TiTqos eTanxmeba nihilizmis gardauvalobas, mag

ram ar urigdeba mas. mas aRar aqvs is rusTavelguramiSviliseuli uryevi da, ase

vTqvaT, mzamzareuli rwmena maradisobis, aramed TviTon unda aRmoaCinos mara

disoba Tavis pirad egzistencialur gamocdilebaSi. amiT hgavs baraTaSvils,

romelic Sinagani intuiciiT gaurbis amaoebaze fiqrs Tavisi meraniT. magram,

vfiqrob, baraTaSvilisgan gansxvavebiT, vaJa Tavs aRwevs ganwirulobas da aRmoa

Cens pirovnuli ukvdavebis da silamazis maradiulobis gancdas Tavis TavSi. amas

metaforulad gamoxatavs zemoxsenebuli moTxrobis dasasruls gamoCenili saT

no moxuci, romelic gaagdebs nihilizmis suls da etyvis vaJas:

`adeqi, Svilo, adeqi! morwmune xar da iyavi marad morwmune. nu Sesdrkebi, nu

gastydebi! madli da Rvawlia TviT simtkice da rwmena, – sTqva moxucma lmobieris,

tkbilis xmiT, momWida xelzed xeli da amayena. – agero, – sTqva man, – ager, gaixede,

inugeSe, gaixare!.. – me Tvali mivapyari dasavleTs da mkvdari gavcocxldi. sauc

xoo mnaTobi anaTebda, erTs adgils gaCerebuli, – mze iyo, magram is mze ara, diliT

rom amodis da mieSureba saRamozed goras moefaros; im mzes ar eCqareboda Casv

la, TviT imas swyuroda enaTa qveynisTvis, TvaldamSeuli ucqeroda Cvens mxares.

me, giJiviT, gonebadabneuli Sevxarodi, Sevstrfodi mnaTobs da muxls vuyridi~.

vaJas `stumarmaspinZeli~ am fraziT sruldeba: `da ufskruls dascqers pirimze,

moRerebulis yeliTa~ – marTlac sasowarkveTilebis ufskruls gamoglija vaJam

Tavisi TavisTvisac da kacobriobisTvisac silamazis maradiulobis rwmena.

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