5 Steps to Fabric Structure Success
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Transcript of 5 Steps to Fabric Structure Success
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5 steps to a successful Fabric Structure experience
Samuel J. Armijos, AIA, www.fabricarchitect.com
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Step 1. Do your research…then Design
Samuel J. Armijos, AIA, www.fabricarchitect.com
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Designing Architectural Fabric Structures
“It’s basically steel, fabric and cables, but its not as easy (or hard) as it looks”
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Designing Architectural Fabric Structures (cont.)
Design Developmentkey steps:
design only
design/build
plans and spec
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Designing Architectural Fabric Structures (cont.)
Form Finding 101
There is no substitute for a “hands on” approach…
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Hypar
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Cone
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Samuel J. Armijos, AIA, www.fabricarchitect.com
Vault
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Designing Architectural Fabric Structures (cont.)
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
•Structure’s response to loads
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Designing Architectural Fabric Structures (cont.)
MEMBRANE ENGINEERING
• From 3D to 2D
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Designing Architectural Fabric Structures (cont.)
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSISAssist in LEED certification
•Design Excellence•Energy & Atmosphere•Materials & Resource•Sustainable Sites•Environmental Quality
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Designing Architectural Fabric Structures (cont.)
In Designing Fabric Structures…
Form, Function, Fabric are one and the same
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Architectural Fabric Structures
Vocabulary Building“If you want to walk the walk, its good to talk the talk”
Common Shapes and Forms:
•Mast Supported•Point Supported•Arch Supported •Frame Supported•Simple Saddle
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Forms and Uses of Architectural Fabric Structures (cont.)
Mast-supported systems
Tent-like structures in form
One or several peaks supported by central poles and perimeter cables
Typically use compression ring or “bale” ring
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Forms and Uses of Architectural Fabric Structures (cont.)
Point-supported
Clear span avoids a center mast
Often hypar shaped (two high, two low connection points)
Utilizes an exterior frame or series of peripheral masts
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Forms and Uses of Architectural Fabric Structures (cont.)
Arch-supported
Introducing a curved compression member
Cross arches often used
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Forms and Uses of Architectural Fabric Structures (cont.)
Frame supported
Space frame
Fabric attached to a structural frame
Structural components carry forces
Fabric is purely used as a cladding
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Forms and Uses of Architectural Fabric Structures (cont.)
Simple Saddle/Hypar
Double curvature
Two (2) high points, Two (2) Low points
“Saddle” shape
Horizontal or Vertical
Minimal surfaces
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Step 2. Pick the right fabric.
Samuel J. Armijos, AIA, www.fabricarchitect.com
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Available Materials (cont.)
Selecting the proper Fabric
“size does matter”
Fabrics for Today and Tomorrow:
“the key is finding the right fabric for the right application”
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Available Materials (cont.)
Teflon Coated Fiberglass (PTFE)
large scale permanent structures
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Available Materials (cont.)
Silicone, TiO2, Woven PTFE
more pliable than standard PTFE
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Available Materials (cont.)
Ethylene Tetra Fluoro Ethylene (ETFE)
if you’re looking for high transparency (97%)
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Available Materials (cont.)
Vinyl Coated Polyester (PVC/PVDF)
most cost effective material for temporary and permanent structures
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Available Materials (cont.)
High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
when you’re looking for shade only
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Available Materials (cont.)
Laminates, Lycra and Theatrical Draperies
The materials for tents, awnings, and interiors
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Available Materials (cont.)
The Future?
PV, custom fabrics, films and smart too!
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Step 3. Pick the right components
Samuel J. Armijos, AIA, www.fabricarchitect.com
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Components and Details
Design and Engineering Criteria“The engineer’s and designer’s aesthetics”
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Components and Details (cont.)
Details custom
bridge or yacht
Less is more vs. Light is more
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Components and Details (cont.)
Base Plate
“get those anchor bolts right”
Mast
cleats, clips and bale rings
Membrane Plate
the link and connector
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Components and Details (cont.)
Edge curve, cantenary or clamp
Tie downs connector to the ground
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Components and Details (cont.)
HardwareStainless steel, Galvanized or Custom finishes
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“A Fabric Structure is made like a well tailored suit”
Step 4. Understand the process.
Samuel J. Armijos, AIA, www.fabricarchitect.com
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Steps to Success (cont.)
Keep it simple… Design Drawings
Approvals (Design, Material, Cost)
Engineering
Reactions
Approvals (For Foundations by Others)
Details
Shop Drawings
Approvals
Order Material (structure, hardware, fabric)
Survey
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Steps for Success (cont.)
Patterning
Determine Fabric to be used
Establish seam width
Patterning
Determine reinforcements and
offsets
CAD/CAM cutting
Fabric Fabrication
fabrication drawings
purchasing material
fabrication
packaging
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Steps to Success (cont.)
Installations
weather permitting
site preparation
unloading materials
installing and tensioning
inspection and closeout
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Steps for Success (cont.)
Maintenance
routine cleaning (self-cleaning or “power” wash)
annual inspections
“fabric kits” and repairs
warranty vs life span
pay now, pay later or have a plan
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Step 5. Don’t be afraid to ask for help.
Samuel J. Armijos, AIA, www.fabricarchitect.com
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So how do YOU get started?
Create a team• Architect/Engineer/Designer• LEED Consultant• Tensile Membrane Consultant• Manufacturer/Contractor
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A Tour of Fabric Structures
Walkway
Convention Centers
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Retail
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Hotels
Casinos
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Covered Parking
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Outdoor Dining
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Signage
Theme Parks
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Food Courts
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Walkways
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The use of colors
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Urban
Waterfront
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Recreation
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Band shells
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Interior sun shading
Exterior Sun Shading
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Supermarkets
Farmers Market
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Marquee
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Parks and Recreation
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Amphitheaters
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New ConstructionRenovations
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Playgrounds
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Gas Stations
Grandstands
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Walkways
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Transit
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Custom Umbrellas
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Sports
Schools
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Projected Images
Textile Facades
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Thank You
Samuel J. Armijos, AIA, www.fabricarchitect.com