5 Sem Communication Lab

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DEPARTMENT OF

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

M.L.V. TEXTILE & ENGINEERING COLLEGE BHILWARA

5EC COMMUNICATION LAB-IIncharge:-Mr. Ritesh Saraswat

T.A.:- Pankaj Parul


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LIST OF EXPERIMENT

First Rotor

1. Harmonic analysis of a square wave of a modulatedwaveform.

2.Observe the amplitude modulated waveform &

measure modulation index. Demodulation of AM signal.

3. Generation and demodulation of DSB-SC signal.

4. Modulate a signal with high frequency carrier toobtain FM signal. Demodulation of the FM signal.

5. To observe the following in a transmission linedemonstration kit:

(a)The propagation of pulse in non reflectingtransmission line.

(b) The effect of lose in transmission line


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Second Rotor

(c) transmission with standing waves on a transmissionline

(d) the resonance characteristic of a half wave lengthlong X-mission line

6. (a) To observe the operation of sampling and sample &

hold circuit.(b) To study the effect of sampling time.

(c) To study the effect of changing the samplingfrequency & observing aliasing phenomena.

7. To study and observe the operation of a super

heterodyne receiver. 8. To study and observe the amplitude response of

automatic gain controller(AGC).

9,10. PAM,PWM &PPM: modulation and demodulation.


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Way Of Report Writing

Object/Aim

Required Material

Circuit/Block Diagram

Theory Description

Procedure

Observation

Calculation & Error

Graph

Result

Precautions


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Pre-Lab 1

What is the meaning of spectrum analyser and

harmonic analyser?

How we can remove harmonic from frequency

Spectrum?

Compare harmonic analyser & spectrum analyserof a square waveform of a modulated signal

waveform?


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Experiment:-1

Object:-Harmonic analysis of a square wave of amodulated waveform.

Apparatus Required:-

1BNC Probe

1Function Generator

1Spectrum Analyzer

Qty.Name


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Theory:-About Spectrum Analyzer, frequencyMeasurement & Video filtering

Procedure:-

Circuit Diagram:-

Observations:-Input frequency (MHz), scan width(MHz/Div) & Attenuation (db)


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Graph:-

Result:-

Precautions:-


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Pre-lab 2

Define modulation index & derive its expression &

draw the waveform in case of over modulation and

under modulation?

Draw the AM waveform & derive the expression of

power & AM signal waveform?

Explain various types of AM signal?


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Experiment-2

Object:- Observe the amplitude modulated

waveform & measure modulation index.

Demodulation of AM signal.


2DSO Probe

1DSO

6Connecting Leads

1AM Receiver kit

1AM Transmission kit

Qty.Name


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Theory:- About- Amplitude modulation, AMTransmitter & Receiver.

Procedure:- According to manual


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Circuit/Block Diagram:-

AudioOscillator

Carrier

Wave

Generator

Modulator Out Put

Amplifier

Antenna

Information

signal

Carrier

WaveAM Transmission System

RF Amplifier Mixer

Local

Oscillator

IF Amplifier Diode

Detector

Audio

Amplifier

Antenna

AM Receiver System O/P Signal


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Observations:-

For Base Band Signal - I/p audio frquency,voltage

(p-p)

For Modulated Signal - Vmax ,Vmin & Frequency

For Demodulated Signal-Frequency & Voltage


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Graph:-

Ampl itude modulation model graph


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Ampl i tude Demodulation Waveform


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Result:-

Precautions:-


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Pre-lab 3

Compare DSB-SC with DSB-FC and SSB-FC?

Draw the DSB-SC waveform:

case(1) m1

Explain the demodulation process of DSB-SCsignal?


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Experiment:-3

Object:-Generation and demodulation of DSB-SC signal.


2DSO Probe

1DSO

6Connecting Leads

1AM Receiver kit

1AM Transmission kit

Qty.Name


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Theory:- About- Amplitude modulation ,DSB-SC,SSB-SC signal, AM Transmitter & Receiver.

Procedure:- According to manual


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AudioOscillator

Carrier

Wave

Generator

Modulator Out Put

Amplifier

Antenna

Information

signal

Carrier

WaveAM Transmission System

RF Amplifier Mixer

Local

Oscillator

IF Amplifier Diode

Detector

Audio

Amplifier

Antenna

AM Receiver System O/P Signal


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Graph:-

Result:-

Precautions:-


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Pre-lab 4

What is the difference b/w AM and FM?

Explain any one generation method of FM signal?

Compare frequency modulation with phasemodulated signal?


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Experiment:-4

Object:-Modulate a signal with high frequency

carrier to obtain FM signal. Demodulation of the FM

signal.


7Connecting Leads

2DSO Probe

1DSO

1FM Transmission &

Receiver kit

Qty.Name


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Theory:- About Frequency Modulation &Demodulation

Procedure:- As per manual

C /


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Audio Oscillator

Carrier Generator

FM Modulator O/p Amplifier

Antenna

Information signal

Carrier Wave

FM Transmission System

RF

Amplifier Mixer IF AmplifierDemodulat

or Amplifier

Speaker

FM Receiver System

Antenna

Local Oscillator


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Observation:-For Base Band Signal - I/p audio frequency &

voltage (p-p)

For Modulated Signal - voltage & Frequency

For Demodulated Signal-Frequency & Voltage

Graph:-

Result:-

Precautions:-


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Pre-lab 5

Explain the following term:(1) standing wave ratio(2) reflection coefficient

Explain diff. Type of loses in transmission line?

Derive the expression of characteristic

impedance of zoof transmission line?


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Experiment:-5

Object:- To observe the following in a transmission linedemonstration kit:

(a)The propagation of pulse in non reflecting transmissionline.

(b) The effect of lose in transmission line(c) transmission with standing waves on a transmission line

(d) the resonance characteristic of a half wave length long X-mission line


1BNC to BNC

2DSO Probe

1Multimeter

1DSO

1Transmission Line Trainer

Qty.Name


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Experiment:-5

Theory:-About Transmission Line & Different

types of losses in it

Procedure:-

Circuit Diagram:-

Observations:-

Graph:-

Result:-

Precautions:-


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Pre-lab 6

Explain sampling theorem with suitable diagram

and expression of Nyquist rate?

What is the meaning of aliasing and how we can

remove it?

Explain the operation of sample and hold ckt ?


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Experiment:-6

Object:- (a) To observe the operation ofsampling and sample & hold circuit.

(b) To study the effect of sampling time.

(c) To study the effect of changing the samplingfrequency & observing aliasing phenomena.


5Connecting leads

2DSO Probe

1DSO

1Sampling trainer kit

Qty.Name


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Experiment:-7

Object:-To study and observe the operation of asuper heterodyne receiver.


4Connecting leads

1Multimeter

2CRO Probe

1CRO

1Super heterodyne

receiver kit

Qty.Name


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Theory:-

Procedure:-

Circuit Diagram:-

Observations:- Fault Finding at different points


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Graph:-

Result:-

Precautions:-


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Pre-lab 8

What is the purpose of AGC and explain its

working?

What is difference between AGC and AFC?


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Experiment:-8

Object:- To study and observe the amplituderesponse of automatic gain controller(AGC).


4Connecting leads

1Function generator

2CRO Probe

1CRO

1AGC Trainer kit

Qty.Name


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Theory:-

Procedure:-

Circuit Diagram:-

Observations:- Voltage & frequency

Sr.

no


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Graph:-

Result:-

Precautions:-


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Pre-lab 9

How we can generate PPM from PWM?

Compare PPM with PAM , PWM?

Explain demodulation process of PWM?

Explain the generation method of PAM and PWM?


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Experiment:-9

Object:- PAM,PWM &PPM: modulation anddemodulation



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Theory:-

Procedure:- Circuit Diagram:-

Observations:-


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Graph:-


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Result:-

Precautions:-


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5 Sem Communication Lab

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