5. Migration, Introductions and Local Distribution

5. Migration, Introductions and Local DistributionJournal of Animal Ecology, Vol. 27, No. 2 (Nov., 1958), pp. 421-426Published by: British Ecological SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2260 .Accessed: 03/05/2014 00:20

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Food and food habits 421 Prudhoe, S. (1957). Note on a tapeworm from a yellow-necked field-mouse. Trans.

Suffolk Nat. Soc. 10, 66-67. Catenotaenia lobata from Apodemus flavicollis.

Stansfield, G. (1957). The fleas of Skokholm Island. Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 196-201. A list of fleas found on birds and in recently deserted nests is given, together with some

general observations.

Thompson, G. B. (1957). The parasites of British birds and mammals. XXX. Mallo- phaga on birds' eggs. Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 189-190.

Thompson, G. B. (1957). The parasites of British birds and mammals. XXXI. Summary of the records of ticks of sea-birds. Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 213-216.

A summary of records of four species of ticks found on sea-birds in Britain is given.

4. FOOD AND FOOD HABITS

Chang, J. T. & Wang, M. Y. (1958). Nutritional requirements of the common house

fly, Musca domestica vicina Macq. Nature, Lond. 181, 566.

Durrant, K. C. (1958). Insect visitors to orchids. Trans. Norf. Norw. Nat. Soc. 18 (7), 6-7.

Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera visiting Epipactis palustris in Norfolk.

Goodman, G. T. (1957). Larva of Elachista kilmunella Staint. (Lep., Elachistidae) feeding on Eriothorum vaginatum L. Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 240.

A larva of the moth Elachista kilmunella is recorded as feeding on the leaf of cotton-grass.

Lane, C. (1957). Feeding habits of green larvae of Deilethila porcellus (L.) (Lep. Sphingidae). Ent Mon. Mag. 93, 257.

Larvae of the small elephant hawk moth are recorded as feeding on bedstraw.

Leatherdale, D. (1957). Pteronidea salicis (L.) (Hym., Tenthredinidae) as a garden pest. Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 257.

Larvae of the sawfly Pteronidea salicis are recorded as feeding on an ornamental willow.

Parmenter, L. (1956). On Syritta pipiens L. (Syrphidae) and its habits. Ent. Rec. 68, 211-214.

Includes a list of plants visited by this Syrphid. Most have yellow or white flowers.

5. MIGRATION, INTRODUCTIONS AND LOCAL DISTRIBUTION

Allen, A. A. (1956). The Coleoptera of a suburban garden. 5-Clavicornia (Part 2). Ent. Rec. 68, 215-222.

Notes on the habitats and abundance of a further 75 species. (See 1953, Ent. Rec. 65, 225-231 and abstract in 1954, J. Anim. Ecol. 23, 201.)

Allen, A. A. (1957). Unusual indoor winter activity in an Adalia bipunctata L. (Col., Coccinellidae). Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 168.

A ladybird is recorded as flying indoors in January.


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422 A bstracts Ashe, G. H. (1957). Acrotona nondescripta (Col., Staphylinidae), a species new to science

and to Britain. Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 252. It is considered that a rove beetle described as A theta (Dimetrota) sparre-scneideri Thos.

Munst., is in fact new to science and Britain, and the name A crotona nondescripta is proposed.

Barnes, H. (1957). The northern limits of Balanus balanoides (L.). Oikos, 8, 1-15.

Baynes, E. S. A. (1958). Report on migrant insects in Ireland for 1957. Irish Nat. J. 12, 253-255.

1957 was a poor year, only Lepidoptera being certainly reported.

Beard, D. M. (1957). Occurrence of Elminius modestus Darwin in Ireland. Nature, Lond. 180, 1145.

Several small specimens, the first recorded, in sheltered localities in south-west Cork.

Blackmore, M. (1956). An occurrence of the mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis (Bork- hausen) in England. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 127, 201-203.

Blower, J. G. (1957). Some new and little-known British millipedes. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 10, 497-508.

Burton, J. F. (1957). Census of heronries, 1954; additions and corrections. Bird Study, 4, 50-52.

Catchpole, I. M. (1956). A country diary from Oswestry, 1947. Trans. Caradoc Fld. Clb. 13, 73-80.

Notes mainly on birds and insects seen near Oswestry during the calendar year 1947.

Cawthra, E. M. (1957). Notes on the biology of a number of weevils (Col., Curculionidae. occurring in Scotland. Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 204-207.

Information is given on dates of occurrence, habits, and egg laying for 13 species of weevils.

Cawthra, E. M. (1957). A note on the biology of Gymnetron antirrhini Payk. (Col. Curculionidae). Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 251.

Late pupation of the weevil Gymnetron antirrhini is recorded.

Collingwood, C. A. (1958). Notes on Coleoptera in the Midlands. Ent. Rec. 70, 4-6. A number of presumedly new county records, including some for species associated with

ants. (See also 1957, Ent. Rec. 69, 9-14 and abstract in 1957, J. Anim. Ecol. 26, 508.)

Cramp, S. (1957). The census of mute swans, 1955 and 1956. Lond. Bird Rep. 21 (1956), 58-62.

BTO census revealed 173 nests within twenty miles of St. Paul's in 1955, 188 in 1956, the average density of about 1 5 nests per ten square miles being much higher than the national figure. Nests, most numerous in Middlesex, are mapped, being most frequent along rivers, on park lakes and ponds and in gravel pits. Non-breeding birds were numerous. Average clutch 4 4, of young hatched, 4, and reared 2 4.

Creutzberg, F. (1958). Use of tidal streams by migrating elvers (Anguilla vulgaris Turt.). Nature, Lond. 181, 857-858.

Catches suggest that elvers are at the surface at flood tides, and on or near the bottom at ebb tides. Discrepancies between these observations and those of Deelder are discussed and explained on the grounds of a temporary halt in migration in front of freshwater outlets.



Migration, etc. 423

Crooke, M. & Bevan, D. (1957). Note on the first British occurrence of Ips cembrae Heer (Col., Scolytidae). Forestry, 30, 21-28.

During 1955 the larch bark beetle was discovered in 29 localities in Moray, Nairn, Banff and Inverness, the first British records for this species. Probably entered the country in post-war shipments of German timber and persisted in small numbers until damage done to woodlands by the 1953 gale permitted its increase. A conspicuous feature is the twig tunnelling of the adult beetles. In one locality bred in and killed standing European larch some 45 years old.

Dales, R. P. (1957). Pelagic polychaetes from the Bay of Biscay. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12), 10, 661-664.

A list with estimates of relative abundance derived from hauls made by the 'Sarsia' over three years.

Duffey, E. (1958). Dolomedes plantarius Clerck, a spider new to Britain, found in the upper Waveney valley. Trans. Norf. Norw. Nat. Soc. 18 (7), 1-5.

A single specimen of this spider taken in Redgrave Fen, with description of habitat and comparison with its British congener.

Edwards, T. G. & Wakely, S. (1958). Laspeyresia lobarzewskii Nowicki (prunivorana Ragonot). Ent. Rec. 70, 70-71.

This record of a male taken at light in Kent in June 1957 is stated to be the first for Britain (but see 1958, Ent. Rec. 70, 71-73 and Huggins, below.

Godfrey, G. K. (1957). Observations on the movements of moles (Talpa europaea L.) after weaning. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 128, 287-295.

The range of young moles was followed by the radioactive ring technique.

Guild, W. J. McL. (1957). Occurrence of populations of Allolobopihora limicola (Lum- bricidae) in S.W. Scotland. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12), 10, 665-668.

First recorded in Britain in 1953, this earthworm occurs in some numbers in the Forest of Ae, Dumfriesshire. Relative abundance in different soils is estimated.

Hale, P. A. (1958). Roach, Rutilus rutilus L., occurring in Co. Tyrone. Irish Nat. J. 12, 259-260.

A second locality for this fish, which is an alien in Ireland. It was apparently introduced to provide food for pike and has established itself in the Fairywater River.

Hedley, R. H. & Underwood, C. M. (1957). Living Foraminifera and empty shells from the north Kent coast. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 109 721-732.

Thirty-eight species from ten stations off Whitstable and Reculver, including one new to Britain. Sixteen were found living offshore, the remainder as dead tests only.

Homes, R. C. (1957). Wildfowl and wader movements in the London Area in the severe weather of February 1956. Lond. Bird Rep. 21, 41-47.

During the exceptionally severe winter of early 1956 there was a great influx of wildfowl and waders into the London Area, some species appearing in unprecedented numbers. There was some evidence that some of the ducks came from the Continent.

Hope, D. F. (1956). The birds of a border mere. Trans. Caradoc Fld. Cl. 13, 97-105. An ecological record of the varied bird life at Aqualate Mere on the west border of

Staffordshire.

Huggins, H. C. (1958). A further record of Laspeyresia lobarzewskii Nowicki in Kent. Ent. Rec. 70, 71-73.

Specimens of this moth, misidentified as L. woeheriana, were collected in June 1922 in Kent, where they were emerging from wicker baskets, used for harvesting plums, in store in a closed shed.

J.A.E. P



424 A bstracts Ingram, G. C. S. & Salmon, H. M. (1958). The birds of Brecknock. Brycheiniog

(J. Brecknock Soc.), 3, 182-255. A historical and topographical introduction is followed by an annotated list of 207 birds

recorded in the county.

Johnson, L. C. (1958). Some preliminary observations on the Lenwade pits. Trans. Norf. Norw. Nat. Soc. 18 (7), 26-29.

Freshwater fauna of a chain of flooded pits in Norfolk.

Jones, C. Burdon- (1956). Observations on the enteropneust, Protoglossus koehleri (Caullery & Mesnil). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 127, 35-58.

Occurs on the shore of Holy Island. A mainly anatomical study with notes on associated fauna and breeding season.

Kirkegaard, J. B. (1958). Records of the Pogonophora in the Skagerrak. Nature, Lond. 181, 1086.

Records of Siboglinum ekmani from the deep cold water.

Kyle, D. (1958). Dragonflies in Breconshire, 1957. Nature in Wales, 4, 547-548. Nine species recorded, of which four are new county records.

Lloyd, L. C. (1956). Recorder's report on vertebrate zoology, 1947-50. Trans. Caradoc Fld. Cl. 13, 52-60.

Gives notes on 83 species of birds recorded during these four years, including various rarities, such as black-throated diver, black-necked grebe, ferrugineous duck, little auk and wryneck, with reference to the unusual inland passage of terns in the spring of 1948 and the waxwing invasion of 1947.

Locket, G. H. & Millidge, A. F. (1957). On new and rare British Spiders. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 10, 481-492.

Lockley, R. M. (1958). Seal Marking, 1957. Nature in Wales, 4, 537-543. One hundred and sixty Grey Seals were ringed by the West Wales Field Society during the

year 1957. Three recaptures born on Ramsey Island were found on the coast of Brittany. Speed of travel, winter distribution of young seals, and other matters are discussed.

MacDonald, R. (1957). The Crustacea, Decapoda, of Belfast Lough. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 10, 656-660.

Matheson, C. (1956). Gamebook records of pheasants and partridges in Wales. Nat. Lib. Wales J. 9, 287-294.

Illustrates by figures from Welsh estate gamebooks the great increase of the pheasant during the nineteenth century, and also compares fluctuations in the partridge bags on different Welsh estates over a long period.

Matheson, C. (1957). Further partridge records from Wales. Brit. Birds, 50, 534-536. Gamebooks from 1866 to 1950 for two estates in Montgomeryshire and Denbighshire are

compared. There is considerable correspondence in the fluctuations, and both show a prolonged decrease compared with former times. (See 1956, Brit. Birds, 49, 112-114 and abstract in 1956, J. Anim. Ecol. 25, 444).

Matheson, C. (1957). Pheasant and hare records from Welsh gamebooks. Nat. Lib. Wales J. 10, 205-214.

Discusses the history of the pheasant in Wales, and the long-term variations in the brown hare population in Anglesey and Montgomeryshire.



Migration, etc. 425 Miles, P. M. (1957). Immigrant Lepidoptera observed in Wales during 1954 and 1955.

Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 184-187. Lists twelve migrant species of Lepidoptera, including Phytometra biloba, new to Britain,

two Odonata and a coccinellid beetle, with notes of weather.

Naylor, E. (1957). The occurrence of Idotea metallica Bosc. in British waters. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 36, 599-602.

Specimens of this isopod crustacean probably reach Britain from the east coast of N. America amongst floating debris carried by the North Atlantic Drift.

Naylor, E. (1957). Brachynotus sexdentatus (Risso), a grapsoid crab new to Britain. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 10, 521-523.

Description, with notes on habitat, of this Mediterranean crab now established in Swansea docks.

Niblett, M. (1956). The genus Ceriocera Rdi. (Trypetidae). Ent. Rec. 68, 214-15. Notes on the distribution and bionomics of C. cornuta and C. microceras, two little known

species that attack Centaurea scabiosa.

Peake, J. F. (1958). Clubiona similis L. Koch: a spider new to Britain. Trans. Norf. Norw. Nat. Soc. 18 (7), 30-32.

Found on dunes at Blakeney Point, Norfolk, in 1956.

Pendlebury, W. J. (1956). Recorder's reports on entomology, 1947-50. Trans. Caradoc Fld. Cl. 13, 61-63.

Mainly notes on Lepidoptera, with a list of ten species of Lepidoptera, six of Coleoptera, two of Hymenoptera and one of Orthoptera, not previously recorded for the area.

Pugh C. H. W. (1957). Sciomyzidae taken in Shropshire and North Wales, except as otherwise stated. Ent. Rec. 69, 212-213.

A list of thirty species, one possibly new to Britain, with habitats and numbers.

Reynoldson T. B. (1956). An Anglesey record of the medicinal leech. Trans. Anglesey Antiq. Soc. Fid. Cl. 1956, 54.

Among over 300 horse leeches collected at Beaumaris reservoir since 1945, a single medicinal leech was found in 1956, gorged with blood showing nucleated corpuscles similar to those of frog.

Richards K. S. (1958). Occurrence of a 'rare' earthworm in Montgomeryshire. Nature, Lond. 181, 575.

Eisenia veneta var. zebra in large numbers at Caersws.

Richards, K. S. (1958). Notes on earthworms collected in Montgomeryshire during autumn 1957. Nature in Wales, 4, 544-546.

Eighteen species and subspecies of Lumbricidae collected around Caersws, Montgomery- shire, in autumn 1957, including several not previously recorded for the county.

Roots, B. I. (1957). A further contribution to our knowledge of Friend's Lumbricidae. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 128, 119-131.

Additional corrections and confirmations to those covered by Cernosvitov, C. L., 1942, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 111, 237-280.

Ruttledge, R. F. & Watt, R. H. (1958). The distribution and status of wild geese in Ireland. Bird Study, 5, 22-33.

Maps, with estimated numbers, distribution in Ireland during 1946-56 of grey lag, pink- footed, bean, whitefronted, snow, brent and barnacle geese. Discusses potential effects -of exploitation of the bogs upon the birds.



426 A bstracts

Sage, B. L. (1957). Notes on some Coleoptera from Wales. Ent. Rec. 69, 266-267. A list of eleven species, with habitats and localities, including three new records each for

Cardiganshire and Pembrokeshire.

Sage, B. L. (1958). Notes on dragonflies in Wales in 1957. Nature in Wales, 5, 549-551. Notes on dragonflies from Pembrokeshire, Merionethshire, Cardiganshire and Skomer

Island.

Southwood, T. R. E. & Leston, D. (1957). Notes on the nomenclature and zonal occurrence of the Orthotylus species (Hem., Miridae) of British salt marshes. Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 166-168.

Three species of the bug Orthotylus are recorded from salt marshes in five localities.

Stroyan, H. L. G. (1956). More Merioneth Aphid records. Entomologist, 89, 302-303 A list of 20 species from the Cader Idris range and Barmouth district, including nine addi-

tions to a recent list. (See Eastop 1956, Entomologist, 89, 101-103 and abstract in 1957, J. Anim. Ecol. 26, 232.)

6. STUDIES ON BEHAVIOUR

Boyd, A. W. & Nicholson, E. M. (1958). Mating display of snipe. Brit. Birds, 51, 79-80.

Display of an isolated pair culminating in coition was watched for about half an hour. The preliminaries differed from previous descriptions.

Bunn, D. S. (1957). Colour changes in Araneus quadratus Clerck (Araneae, Argiopidae). Ent. Mon. Mag. 93, 201.

Two adult female spiders are recorded as changing their colour in captivity, so that they resembled the background.

Goodwin, D. (1958). Further notes on pairing and submissive behaviour of the red- legged partridge Alectoris rufa. Ibis, 100, 59-66.

The pairing behaviour of individual captive birds is described. Mutual fear and hostility seem to be necessary since birds that know one another and are at ease together do not pair. (See 1953, Ibis, 95, 581-614 and abstract in 1956, J. Anim. Ecol. 25, 207.)

Jones, C. Burdon- & Charles, G. H. (1958). Light reactions of littoral gastropods. Nature, Lond. 181, 129-131.

Experiments testing the reactions of Littorina littoralis with plane polarized light, proving that the mollusc orientates itself along the plane of polarized light coming from above.

King, B. (1958). Willow warbler's unusual song and display-flight. Brit. Birds, 51, 83. Normal song was uttered from a perch, but in the display-flight the bird circled round slowly

uttering unusual notes, and returned to the same perch. The song-flight was repeated at least six times.

Luton, W. G. (1957). Display and posturing of the cuckoo. Brit. Birds, 50, 538. A male displayed without calling to one of two female cuckoos, slowly rotating its tail. It

then picked up a leaf, flew away, returned to the other female and exactly repeated the display.

Tinbergen, N. (1957). The functions of territory. Bird Study, 4, 14-27. Territory results from (i) site attachment, (ii) hostility to other animals, both phenomena

having survival value. Intraspecific hostility is one among other dispersion mechanisms and is highly efficient. New analytical approaches are suggested.

Townsend, A. D. (1957). Green sandpiper uttering call of wood sandpiper. Brit. Birds, 50, 537-538.

On two occasions a green sandpiper when flushed with others in August uttered the note of a wood sandpiper. (See also King, J. M. B., 1957, Brit. Birds, 50, 168 and abstract in 1958, J. Anim. Ecol. 27, 189.



Article Contentsp.421p.422p.423p.424p.425p.426

Issue Table of ContentsJournal of Animal Ecology, Vol. 27, No. 2 (Nov., 1958), pp. 201-464Experimental Studies on the Choice of Oviposition Sites by Two Species of Chorthippus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) [pp.201-216]The Psocid Fauna of Larch Trees in Northern England--An Ecological Study of Mixed Species Populations Exploiting a Common Resource [pp.217-263]A Field Study of a Population of Leopard Toads (Bufo regularis regularis) [pp.265-286]Observations on the Growth of Perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) Over Twenty-Two Years with Special Reference to the Effects of Temperature and Changes in Population Density [pp.287-334]The Distribution and Growth of Prosimulium Larvae (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Hill Streams in Northern England [pp.335-348]Local Distribution and Dispersal Paths of Blowflies in Hill Country [pp.349-374]Predation by Tits and Squirrels on the Eucosmid Ernarmonia conicolana (Heyl.) [pp.375-396]ReviewsAmerican Palaeoecology [pp.397-398]East and West [pp.398-400]The Insect World [pp.400-402]Two Taxonomic Keys [pp.402-403]A New Journal [p.403]Ecology in New Zealand [pp.403-404]Laboratory Animals [pp.404-405]A Biologist's Essays [pp.405-406]

Books Received [p.406]AbstractsContents [p.407]1. Ecological Surveys and the Relations of Animals to Habitat Conditions [pp.408-418]2. Methods, Apparatus, Population Statistics and Taxonomic Studies of Use to Ecologists [pp.418-420]3. Parasites [pp.420-421]4. Food and Food Habits [p.421]5. Migration, Introductions and Local Distribution [pp.421-426]6. Studies on Behaviour [pp.426-427]7. Reports of Organizations [p.427]

British Ecological SocietyWinter and Annual General Meeting [pp.429-433]The Annual General Meeting [pp.433-436]List of Members and Associates (25 January 1958) [pp.437-464]

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5. Migration, Introductions and Local Distribution

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