5: DataLink Layer5-1 Chapter 5 Link Layer and LANs Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach Jim...

5 DataLink Layer 5-1

Chapter 5Link Layer and LANs

Computer Networking A Top Down Approach Jim Kurose Keith RossAddison-Wesley


Link Layer

51 Introduction and services

52 Error detection and correction

53Multiple access protocols

54 Link-layer Addressing

55 Ethernet

56 Link-layer switches 57 PPP 58 Link virtualization

ATM MPLS


Link Layer IntroductionSome terminology hosts and routers are nodes communication channels

that connect adjacent nodes along communication path are links wired links wireless links LANs

layer-2 packet is a frame encapsulates datagram

data-link layer has responsibility of transferring datagram from one node to adjacent node over a link


Link Layer Services framing link access

encapsulate datagram into frame adding header trailer

channel access if shared medium ldquoMACrdquo addresses used in frame headers to identify

source dest bull different from IP address

reliable delivery between adjacent nodes we learned how to do this already (chapter 3) seldom used on low bit-error link (fiber some twisted

pair) wireless links high error rates

bull Q why both link-level and end-end reliability


Link Layer Services (more)

flow control pacing between adjacent sending and receiving nodes

error detection errors caused by signal attenuation noise receiver detects presence of errors

bull signals sender for retransmission or drops frame

error correction receiver identifies and corrects bit error(s) without

resorting to retransmission

half-duplex and full-duplex with half duplex nodes at both ends of link can

transmit but not at same time


Where is the link layer implemented

in each and every host link layer implemented in

ldquoadaptorrdquo (aka network interface card NIC) Ethernet card PCMCI card

80211 card implements link physical

layer

attaches into hostrsquos system buses

combination of hardware software firmware

controller

physicaltransmission

cpu memory

host bus (eg PCI)

network adaptercard

host schematic

applicationtransportnetwork

link

linkphysical


Adaptors Communicating

sending side encapsulates datagram

in frame adds error checking bits

reliable data transfer (rdt) flow control etc

receiving side looks for errors rdt flow

control etc extracts datagram passes

to upper layer at receiving side

controller controller

sending host receiving host

datagram datagram

datagram

frame


Error DetectionEDC= Error Detection and Correction bits (redundancy)D = Data protected by error checking may include header fields

bull Error detection not 100 reliablebull protocol may miss some errors but rarelybull larger EDC field yields better detection and correction

otherwise


Parity Checking

Single Bit ParityDetect single bit errors

Two Dimensional Bit ParityDetect and correct single bit errors

0 0

Odd parity scheme

Parity bit value is chosen such that number of 1rsquos send is odd Ex 9 1rsquos in the data so the parity bit is lsquo0rsquo

(even parity)


Internet checksum (review)

Sender treat segment contents

as sequence of 16-bit integers

checksum addition (1rsquos complement sum) of segment contents

sender puts checksum value into UDP checksum field

Receiver compute checksum of

received segment check if computed

checksum equals checksum field value NO - error detected YES - no error detected

But maybe errors nonetheless

Goal detect ldquoerrorsrdquo (eg flipped bits) in transmitted packet (note checkwum used at transport layer CRC at data link layer)


Checksumming Cyclic Redundancy Check view data bits D as a binary number choose r+1 bit pattern (generator) G goal choose r CRC bits R such that

ltDRgt exactly divisible by G (modulo 2) receiver knows G divides ltDRgt by G If non-zero

remainder error detected can detect all burst errors less than r+1 bits

widely used in practice (80211 WiFi ATM)


Link Layer





55 Ethernet

56 Link-layer switches 57 PPP 58 Link Virtualization

ATM MPLS


Multiple Access Links and Protocols

Two types of ldquolinksrdquo point-to-point

PPP for dial-up access point-to-point link between Ethernet switch and host

broadcast (shared wire or medium) old-fashioned Ethernet upstream HFC (hybrid fiber-coaxial cable) 80211 wireless LAN

shared wire (eg cabled Ethernet)

shared RF (eg 80211 WiFi)

shared RF(satellite)


Multiple Access protocols single shared broadcast channel two or more simultaneous transmissions by nodes

interference collision if node receives two or more signals at the same

time

multiple access protocol distributed algorithm that determines how nodes

share channel ie determine when node can transmit

communication about channel sharing must use channel itself no out-of-band channel for coordination


Ideal Multiple Access Protocol

Broadcast channel of rate R bps1 when one node wants to transmit it can send

at rate R2 when M nodes want to transmit each can

send at average rate RM3 fully decentralized

no special node to coordinate transmissions no synchronization of clocks slots

4 simple


MAC Protocols a taxonomy

Three broad classes Channel Partitioning

divide channel into smaller ldquopiecesrdquo (time slots frequency code)

allocate piece to node for exclusive use

Random Access channel not divided allow collisions ldquorecoverrdquo from collisions

ldquoTaking turnsrdquo nodes take turns but nodes with more to send can

take longer turns


Channel Partitioning MAC protocols TDMA

TDMA time division multiple access access to channel in rounds each station gets fixed length slot (length =

pkt trans time) in each round unused slots go idle example 6-station LAN 134 have pkt slots

256 idle

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe


Channel Partitioning MAC protocols FDMA

FDMA frequency division multiple access channel spectrum divided into frequency bands each station assigned fixed frequency band unused transmission time in frequency bands go

idle example 6-station LAN 134 have pkt

frequency bands 256 idle fr

equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable


Random Access Protocols

When node has packet to send transmit at full channel data rate R no a priori coordination among nodes

two or more transmitting nodes ldquocollisionrdquo random access MAC protocol specifies

how to detect collisions (eg no Ack or bad reception) how to recover from collisions (eg via delayed

retransmissions) Examples of random access MAC protocols

ALOHA slotted ALOHA CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access CSMACD (Ethernet) CSMA with collision detection CSMACA (WiFi 80211) CSMA with collision avoidance


Random MAC (Medium Access Control) Techniques

ALOHA (lsquo70) [packet radio network] A station sends whenever it has a

packetframe Listens for round-trip-time delay for Ack If no Ack then re-send packetframe after

random delaybull too short more collisionsbull too long under utilization

No carrier sense is used If two stations transmit about the same time

frames collide Utilization of ALOHA is low ~18


Pure (unslotted) ALOHA unslotted Aloha simple no synchronization when frame first arrives

transmit immediately

collision probability increases frame sent at t0 collides with other frames sent in [t0-

1t0+1]


Pure Aloha efficiencyP(success by given node) = P(node transmits)

P(no other node transmits in [t0-1t0]

P(no other node transmits in [t0t0+1]

= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)

hellip choosing optimum p and then letting n -gt infty

= 1(2e) = 18

Very bad can we do better


Slotted ALOHA

Assumptions all frames same size time divided into

equal size slots (time to transmit 1 frame)

nodes start to transmit only slot beginning

nodes are synchronized

if 2 or more nodes transmit in slot all nodes detect collision

Operation when node obtains fresh

frame transmits in next slot if no collision node

can send new frame in next slot

if collision node retransmits frame in each subsequent slot with prob p until success


Slotted ALOHA

Pros single active node can

continuously transmit at full rate of channel

highly decentralized only slots in nodes need to be in sync

simple

Cons collisions wasting

slots idle slots nodes may be able to

detect collision in less than time to transmit packet

clock synchronization


Slotted Aloha efficiency

suppose N nodes with many frames to send each transmits in slot with probability p

prob that given node has success in a slot = p(1-p)N-1

prob that any node has a success = Np(1-p)N-1

max efficiency find p that maximizes Np(1-p)N-1

for many nodes take limit of Np(1-p)N-1

as N goes to infinity gives

Max efficiency = 1e = 37

Efficiency long-run fraction of successful slots (many nodes all with many frames to send)

At best channelused for useful transmissions 37of time


CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access)

CSMA listen before transmitIf channel sensed idle transmit entire frame If channel sensed busy defer transmission


CSMA collisions

collisions can still occurpropagation delay means two nodes may not heareach otherrsquos transmissioncollisionentire packet transmission time wasted

spatial layout of nodes

noterole of distance amp propagation delay in determining collision probability


CSMACD (Collision Detection)CSMACD carrier sensing deferral as in CSMA

collisions detected within short time colliding transmissions aborted reducing channel

wastage collision detection

easy in wired LANs measure signal strengths compare transmitted received signals

difficult in wireless LANs received signal strength overwhelmed by local transmission strength (use CSMACA wersquoll get back to that in Ch 6)

human analogy the polite conversationalist


CSMACD collision detection

CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus


More on CSMACD and Ethernet

- uses broadcast and filtration all stations on the bus receive the frame but only the station with the appropriate data link D-L (MAC) destination address picks up the frame For multicast filteration may be done at the D-L layer or at the network layer (with more overhead)


Analyzing CSMACD

- Utilization or lsquoefficiencyrsquo is fraction of the time used for usefulsuccessful data transmission

Av Time wasted ~ 5 Prop

Collision Collision Success

TRANS


- u=TRANS(TRANS+wasted)=TRANS(TRANS+5PROP)=1(1+5a) where a=PROPTRANS

- if a is small stations learn about collisions and u increases

- if a is large then u decreases



Collision detection in Wireless Need special equipment to detect collision

at receiver We care about the collision at the reciever

1 no-collision detected at sender but collision detected at receiver

2 collision at sender but no collision at receiver Neighborhood of sender and receiver are

not the same (itrsquos not a shared wire but define relatively (locally) to a node [hidden terminal problem]

hellip more later


ldquoTaking Turnsrdquo MAC protocolschannel partitioning MAC protocols

share channel efficiently and fairly at high load

inefficient at low load delay in channel access 1N bandwidth allocated even if only 1 active node

Random access MAC protocols efficient at low load single node can fully

utilize channel high load collision overhead

ldquotaking turnsrdquo protocolslook for best of both worlds


ldquoTaking Turnsrdquo MAC protocolsPolling master node

ldquoinvitesrdquo slave nodes to transmit in turn

typically used with ldquodumbrdquo slave devices

concerns polling overhead latency single point of

failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data


ldquoTaking Turnsrdquo MAC protocolsToken passing control token

passed from one node to next sequentially

token message concerns

token overhead latency single point of failure

(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T


Release after reception utilization analysis

- u=useful timetotal time(useful+wasted)- u=T1+T2+hellip+TN[T1+T2++TN+(N+1)PROP]- a=PROPTRANS=PROPE(Tn) where E(Tn) is the

expected (average) transmission of a node

Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token


u=Ti(Ti+(N+1)PROP) ~1(1+PROPE(Tn)) where E(Tn)= TiN

u=1(1+a) for token ring [compared to Ethernet u=1(1+5a)]



As the number of stations increases less time for token passing and u increases

for release after transmission u=1(1+aN) where N is the number of stations


Summary of MAC protocols

channel partitioning by time frequency or code Time Division Frequency Division

random access (dynamic) ALOHA S-ALOHA CSMA CSMACD carrier sensing easy in some technologies (wire)

hard in others (wireless) CSMACD used in Ethernet CSMACA used in 80211

taking turns polling from central site token passing Bluetooth FDDI IBM Token Ring


LAN technologies

Data link layer so far services error detectioncorrection multiple

access

Next LAN technologies Ethernet addressing switches PPP


Link Layer




54 Link-Layer Addressing

55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet

ldquodominantrdquo wired LAN technology cheap $20 for NIC first widely used LAN technology simpler cheaper than token LANs and ATM kept up with speed race 10 Mbps ndash 10 Gbps

Metcalfersquos Ethernetsketch


Star topology bus topology popular through mid 90s

all nodes in same collision domain (can collide with each other)

today star topology prevails active switch in center each ldquospokerdquo runs a (separate) Ethernet protocol

(nodes do not collide with each other)

switch

bus coaxial cable star


Ethernet Frame Structure

Sending adapter encapsulates IP datagram (or other network layer protocol packet) in Ethernet frame

Preamble 7 bytes with pattern 10101010 followed by one

byte with pattern 10101011 used to synchronize receiver sender clock

rates


Ethernet Frame Structure (more) Addresses 6 bytes

if adapter receives frame with matching destination address or with broadcast address (eg ARP packet) it passes data in frame to network layer protocol

otherwise adapter discards frame

Type indicates higher layer protocol (mostly IP but others possible eg Novell IPX AppleTalk)

CRC checked at receiver if error is detected frame is dropped


Ethernet Unreliable connectionless connectionless No handshaking between sending

and receiving NICs unreliable receiving NIC doesnrsquot send acks or

nacks to sending NIC stream of datagrams passed to network layer can have

gaps (missing datagrams) gaps will be filled if app is using TCP otherwise app will see gaps

Ethernetrsquos MAC protocol unslotted CSMACD


Ethernet CSMACD algorithm

1 NIC receives datagram from network layer creates frame

2 If NIC senses channel idle starts frame transmission If NIC senses channel busy waits until channel idle then transmits

3 If NIC transmits entire frame without detecting another transmission NIC is done with frame


4 If NIC detects another transmission while transmitting aborts and sends jam signal

5 After aborting NIC enters exponential backoff after mth collision NIC chooses K at random from 012hellip2m-1 NIC waits K512 bit times returns to Step 2 (channel sensing)

Ethernet CSMACD algorithm (contd)


Ethernetrsquos CSMACD (more)

Jam Signal make sure all other transmitters are aware of collision 48 bits

Bit time 1 microsec for 10 Mbps Ethernet for K=1023 wait time is about 50 msec

Exponential Backoff Goal adapt retransmission

attempts to estimated current load heavy load random

wait will be longer first collision choose K

from 01 delay is K 512 bit transmission times

after second collision choose K from 0123hellip

after ten collisions choose K from 01234hellip1023

Seeinteract with Javaapplet on AWL Web sitehighly recommended


CSMACD efficiency

Tprop = max prop delay between 2 nodes in LAN

ttrans = time to transmit max-size frame

efficiency increases (goes to 1) as tprop decreases (goes to 0)

ttrans increases (goes to infinity)

[what if we increase bandwidth from 10Mbps to 100Mbps] better performance than ALOHA and simple cheap

decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta


8023 Ethernet Standards Link amp Physical Layers many different Ethernet standards

common MAC protocol and frame format different speeds 2 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 Mbps

1Gbps 10G bps different physical layer media fiber cable

Switched Ethernet use frame bursting to increase utilization Still CSMACD compatible


linkphysical

MAC protocoland frame format

100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4

100BASE-FX100BASE-T2

100BASE-SX 100BASE-BX

fiber physical layercopper (twisterpair) physical layer


Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS


MAC Addresses and ARP

32-bit IP address network-layer address used to get datagram to destination IP subnet

MAC (or Ethernet) address function get frame from one interface to

another physically-connected interface (same network)

48 bit MAC address (for most LANs)bull burned in NIC ROM also sometimes software

settable


LAN Addresses and ARPEach adapter on LAN has unique LAN address

Broadcast address =FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF

= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN(wired orwireless)


LAN Address (more)

MAC address allocation administered by IEEE manufacturer buys portion of MAC address

space (to assure uniqueness) analogy (a) MAC address like Social Security Number (b) IP address like postal address MAC flat address portability

can move LAN card from one LAN to another

IP hierarchical address NOT portable address depends on IP subnet to which node is

attached


ARP Address Resolution Protocol

Each IP node (host router) on LAN has ARP table

ARP table IPMAC address mappings for some LAN nodes

lt IP address MAC address TTLgt TTL (Time To Live)

time after which address mapping will be forgotten (typically 20 min)

Question how to determineMAC address of Bknowing Brsquos IP address

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788


ARP protocol Same LAN (network) A wants to send datagram

to B and Brsquos MAC address not in Arsquos ARP table

A broadcasts ARP query packet containing Bs IP address dest MAC address = FF-

FF-FF-FF-FF-FF all machines on LAN

receive ARP query B receives ARP packet

replies to A with its (Bs) MAC address frame sent to Arsquos MAC

address (unicast)

A caches (saves) IP-to-MAC address pair in its ARP table until information becomes old (times out) soft state

information that times out (goes away) unless refreshed

ARP is ldquoplug-and-playrdquo nodes create their ARP

tables without intervention from net administrator


Addressing routing to another LAN

R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

walkthrough send datagram from A to B via R assume A knows Brsquos IP address

two ARP tables in router R one for each IP network (LAN)


A creates IP datagram with source A destination B A uses ARP to get Rrsquos MAC address for 111111111110 A creates link-layer frame with Rs MAC address as dest

frame contains A-to-B IP datagram Arsquos NIC sends frame Rrsquos NIC receives frame R removes IP datagram from Ethernet frame sees its

destined to B R uses ARP to get Brsquos MAC address R creates frame containing A-to-B IP datagram sends to B

R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer



53 Multiple access protocols


55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS


Hubshellip physical-layer (ldquodumbrdquo) repeaters

bits coming in one link go out all other links at same rate

all nodes connected to hub can collide with one another no frame buffering no CSMACD at hub host NICs detect collisions

twisted pair

hub


Switch link-layer device smarter than hubs take active

role store forward Ethernet frames examine incoming framersquos MAC address selectively

forward frame to one-or-more outgoing links when frame is to be forwarded on segment uses CSMACD to access segment

transparent hosts are unaware of presence of switches

plug-and-play self-learning switches do not need to be configured


Switch allows multiple simultaneous transmissions

hosts have dedicated direct connection to switch

switches buffer packets Ethernet protocol used on

each incoming link but no collisions full duplex each link is its own collision

domain switching A-to-Arsquo and B-

to-Brsquo simultaneously without collisions not possible with dumb hub

A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

switch with six interfaces(123456)

1 23

45

6


Self-learning forwarding example

A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo

MAC addr interface TTL

Switch table (initially empty)

A 1 60

A ArsquoA ArsquoA ArsquoA ArsquoA Arsquo

frame destination unknownflood

Arsquo A

destination A location known

Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet

56 Hubs and switches 57 PPP 58 Link Virtualization

ATM and MPLS


Cerf amp Kahnrsquos Internetwork ArchitectureWhat is virtualized two layers of addressing internetwork and local

network new layer (IP) makes everything homogeneous at

internetwork layer underlying local network technology

cable satellite 56K telephone modem today ATM MPLS

hellip ldquoinvisiblerdquo at internetwork layer Looks like a link layer technology to IP


ATM and MPLS

ATM MPLS separate networks in their own right different service models addressing routing

from Internet viewed by Internet as logical link

connecting IP routers just like dialup link is really part of separate

network (telephone network) ATM MPLS of technical interest in their

own right


Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM 1990rsquos00 standard for high-speed

(155Mbps to 622 Mbps and higher) Broadband Integrated Service Digital Network architecture

Goal integrated end-end transport of carry voice video data meeting timingQoS requirements of voice

video (versus Internet best-effort model) ldquonext generationrdquo telephony technical roots

in telephone world packet-switching (fixed length packets called

ldquocellsrdquo) using virtual circuits


Virtual circuit

Example ATM- routing at call set-up prior to data

transfer- path is not dedicated still uses store amp

forward statistical multiplexing- no routing decision per packet- packets follow same path


ATM architecture

adaptation layer only at edge of ATM network data segmentationreassembly roughly analagous to Internet transport layer

ATM layer ldquonetworkrdquo layer cell switching routing

physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM

end system end systemswitch switch


ATM network or link layerVision end-to-end

transport ldquoATM from desktop to desktoprdquo ATM is a network

technologyReality used to connect

IP backbone routers ldquoIP over ATMrdquo ATM as switched

link layer connecting IP routers

ATMnetwork

IPnetwork


ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL)

ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) ldquoadaptsrdquo upper layers (IP or native ATM applications) to ATM layer below

AAL present only in end systems not in switches

AAL layer segment (headertrailer fields data) fragmented across multiple ATM cells analogy TCP segment in many IP packets

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM



ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) [more]Different versions of AAL layers depending on ATM

service class AAL1 for CBR (Constant Bit Rate) services eg circuit

emulation AAL2 for VBR (Variable Bit Rate) services eg MPEG video AAL5 for data (eg IP datagrams)

AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data


ATM LayerService transport cells across ATM network analogous to IP network layer very different services than IP network layer

NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none

constantrateguaranteedrateguaranteed minimumnone

Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback

no (inferredvia loss)nocongestionnocongestionyes

no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)


ATM Layer Virtual Circuits VC transport cells carried on VC from source to dest

call setup teardown for each call before data can flow each packet carries VC identifier (not destination ID) every switch on source-dest path maintain ldquostaterdquo for each

passing connection linkswitch resources (bandwidth buffers) may be allocated

to VC to get circuit-like perf

Permanent VCs (PVCs) long lasting connections typically ldquopermanentrdquo route between to IP routers

Switched VCs (SVC) dynamically set up on per-call basis


ATM VCs Advantages of ATM VC approach

QoS performance guarantee for connection mapped to VC (bandwidth delay delay jitter)

Drawbacks of ATM VC approach Inefficient support of datagram traffic one PVC between each sourcedest pair) does not scale

(n(n-1) connections needed) SVC introduces call setup latency processing overhead

for short lived connections VCI VC Identifier used for routingswitching

Has local significance (unlike IP addresses) Identifies a segment of a path for a flow (or bundle of

flows called virtual path VP) to simplify switching May change from one link to another


ATM Layer ATM cell 5-byte ATM cell header 48-byte payload

Why small payload -gt short cell-creation delay for digitized voice

halfway between 32 and 64 (compromise)

Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header

VCI virtual channel ID will change from link to link through the

network PT Payload type (eg RM cell versus data cell) CLP Cell Loss Priority bit

CLP = 1 implies low priority cell can be discarded if congestion

HEC Header Error Checksum cyclic redundancy check


IP-Over-ATMClassic IP only 3 ldquonetworksrdquo (eg LAN segments) MAC (8023) and IP addresses

IP over ATM replace ldquonetworkrdquo

(eg LAN segment) with ATM network

ATM addresses IP addresses

ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch


Datagram Journey in IP-over-ATM Network at Source Host

IP layer maps between IP ATM dest address (using ARP) passes datagram to AAL5 AAL5 encapsulates data segments cells passes to ATM

layer

ATM network moves cell along VC to destination at Destination Host

AAL5 reassembles cells into original datagram if CRC OK datagram is passed to IP


IP-Over-ATM

Issues IP datagrams into

ATM AAL5 PDUs from IP addresses

to ATM addresses just like IP

addresses to Ethernet MAC addresses

ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer

Link Layer Introduction

Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking


Checksumming Cyclic Redundancy Check

Slide 12


Multiple Access protocols







Pure (unslotted) ALOHA

Pure Aloha efficiency

Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions

CSMACD (Collision Detection)


Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34

Collision detection in Wireless

ldquoTaking Turnsrdquo MAC protocols

Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology


Ethernet Frame Structure (more)

Ethernet Unreliable connectionless




CSMACD efficiency

8023 Ethernet Standards Link amp Physical Layers

Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61


LAN Addresses and ARP

LAN Address (more)


ARP protocol Same LAN (network)


Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74

Cerf amp Kahnrsquos Internetwork Architecture

ATM and MPLS

Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM

Virtual circuit

ATM architecture

ATM network or link layer


ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) [more]

ATM Layer

ATM Layer Virtual Circuits

ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89

Datagram Journey in IP-over-ATM Network

Slide 91


Link Layer





55 Ethernet

56 Link-layer switches 57 PPP 58 Link virtualization

ATM MPLS




























layer



controller


cpu memory

host bus (eg PCI)

network adaptercard

host schematic


link

linkphysical











datagram datagram

datagram

frame




otherwise


Parity Checking



0 0

Odd parity scheme


(even parity)


















Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS












time










4 simple








take longer turns





256 idle

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91




























layer



controller


cpu memory

host bus (eg PCI)

network adaptercard

host schematic


link

linkphysical











datagram datagram

datagram

frame




otherwise


Parity Checking



0 0

Odd parity scheme


(even parity)


















Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS












time










4 simple








take longer turns





256 idle

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91











datagram datagram

datagram

frame




otherwise


Parity Checking



0 0

Odd parity scheme


(even parity)


















Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS












time










4 simple








take longer turns





256 idle

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91




otherwise


Parity Checking



0 0

Odd parity scheme


(even parity)


















Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS












time










4 simple








take longer turns





256 idle

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


Parity Checking



0 0

Odd parity scheme


(even parity)


















Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS












time










4 simple








take longer turns





256 idle

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


















Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS












time










4 simple








take longer turns





256 idle

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91












time










4 simple








take longer turns





256 idle

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91







4 simple








take longer turns





256 idle

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91








take longer turns





256 idle

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91





256 idle

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91






equ

ency

bands time

FDM cable



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

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A Arsquo

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selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91



















1t0+1]





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

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B

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C

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1 23

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Arsquo

B

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C

Crsquo

1 23

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A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91





= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18



Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


Slotted ALOHA











Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


Slotted ALOHA




simple




















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91
















CSMA collisions













CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91










CSMACSMACD


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

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B

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C

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1 23

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B

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C

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1 23

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A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


Shared meduim bus





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

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B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91





Analyzing CSMACD




TRANS












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91












hellip more later













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91













failure (master)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91






(token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91





Prop 12Prop N1

PropProp token















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

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B

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A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91















LAN technologies


access



Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

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C

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1 23

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Arsquo

B

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C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


Ethernet








switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91






switch







rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91






rates


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


































CSMACD efficiency






decentralized

euro

efficiency =1

1+ 5t prop ttrans=

1

1+ 5a

trans

prop

t

ta







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














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Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91







linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4





Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














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selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


Shared meduim bus


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

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C

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Crsquo

1 23

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A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


Shared medium hub


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

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1 23

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Arsquo

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Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

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A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


Switching hub




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

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Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

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A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91




Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91







settable




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














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Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91




= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53



LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














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Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


LAN Address (more)





attached








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














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Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91








1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














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Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91








address (unicast)







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

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Arsquo

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A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91



R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A







R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

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Arsquo

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C

Crsquo

1 23

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A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91





R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

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1 23

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Arsquo

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Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

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A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM MPLS





twisted pair

hub














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 23

45

6



A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 23

45

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo



A 1 60



Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

selective send


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91





twisted pair

hub














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Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91














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Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91



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Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


Link Layer





55 Ethernet


ATM and MPLS








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91








ATM and MPLS





own right









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91









Virtual circuit





ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


ATM architecture



physical layer

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM








ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91







ATMnetwork

IPnetwork






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91






physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

AAL

physical

ATM

physical

ATM






AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91





AAL PDU

ATM cell

User data



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91



NetworkArchitecture

Internet

ATM

ATM

ATM

ATM

ServiceModel

best effort

CBR

VBR

ABR

UBR

Bandwidth

none


Loss

no

yes

yes

no

no

Order

no

yes

yes

yes

yes

Timing

no

yes

yes

no

no

Congestionfeedback


no

Guarantees

(studied earlier)




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91




















Cell header

Cell format

(5 bytes)

(53 bytes)


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


ATM cell header










ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91






ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

EthernetLANs


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


IP-Over-ATM

AALATMphyphy

Eth

IP

ATMphy

ATMphy

apptransport

IPAALATMphy

apptransport

IPEthphy

BorderRouterswitch




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91




layer




IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91


IP-Over-ATM





ATMnetwork

EthernetLANs

Slide 1

Link Layer


Link Layer Services




Error Detection

Parity Checking



Slide 12











Slotted ALOHA

Slide 24



CSMA collisions



Shared meduim bus


Analyzing CSMACD

Slide 33

Slide 34



Slide 37

Slide 38


Slide 40

Slide 41

Slide 42


LAN technologies

Slide 45

Ethernet

Star topology







CSMACD efficiency


Slide 56

Shared medium hub

Switching hub

Slide 59

Slide 60

Slide 61



LAN Address (more)




Slide 68

Slide 69

Hubs

Switch



Slide 74


ATM and MPLS


Virtual circuit

ATM architecture




ATM Layer


ATM VCs

ATM Layer ATM cell

ATM cell header

IP-Over-ATM

Slide 89


Slide 91

5: DataLink Layer5-1 Chapter 5 Link Layer and LANs Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach Jim...

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Transcript of 5: DataLink Layer5-1 Chapter 5 Link Layer and LANs Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach Jim...