NameSupporting Standard 4.7A

I Students examine the properties of soil bystudying how the soil feels when they rub itbetween their fingers.

4

The students are studying the soil's --

2 The most appropriate method to use whenexamining properties of soil, such as colorand texture, is --

® calculation

@ prediction

@ observation

@ reading

The teacher instructs students to followsafety procedures when observing theproperties of soil. What type of safetyequipment is NOT necessary whenstudying the textures of differenttypes of soil? (4.4B)

@ Aprons

® Goggles© Hand lens

@ Gloves

@ odor

® color

© texture

@ capacity

5

6

After observing different soil types, ateacher tells students to record in theirscience notebooks which soil type they thinkwill retain the most water. The teacher isasking the students to -- (4.2A)

® make an observation

@ make an inference

® make a diagram

@ repeat the investigation

Students use their sense of sight whilestudying sediments of soil types. Studentsare most likely studying each soil's --

® odor

® texture

© color

@ flexibility

Students were asked to examine propertiesof different soil samples and record theirobservations. Which is NOT a logicalobservation to record?

® Sample A has a very grainy texture.

@ Sample B would be a great soil toplant pumpkins.

@ Sample C is very dark brown in color.

@ Sample D has many differentcomponents such as wood, leaves,and rocks.

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NameSupporting Standard 4.7A

1 Soil that is a dark brown color usuallycontains --

@ fossils

® little water

@ organic material

@ clay

Find the relationship between the concepts.

Retain:

Drain: Strainer

® Thermometer

@ Calculator

® Sponge@ Beaker

3 In an experiment, three funnels are filledwith soil. Then, 250 milliliters of waterare poured into each funnel.

Potting Soil

9O

Sand

9O

Gravel

80

40aO2O10

What is the purpose of the experiment?

@ To determine how much water eachsoil will retain

® To determine the mass of each soil

© To determine which type of soil willfloat in water

@ To determine if a soil is rich in nutrients

2

4 Which soil sample would most likely supportthe growth of plants that require a minimumof 20 milliliters of water per day but amaximum of 25 milliliters of water per day?

,÷ " :

WaterRetained

28 mL

19 mL

30 mL

25 mL

® Soil A@ Soil B® Soil C@ Soil D

5 Students were instructed to choose a soil touse for growing a bean seed in class. Whichsoil is the best choice for this project?

@ Sand® Gravel

© Loam

@ Clay

6 Students collected 2 liters of freshlyshoveled soil from the corner of theplayground. Which of the followingproperties could be indicators of a soilthat would produce healthy plants?

® Fine texture and light tan in color

@ Smooth in texture and dark brownin color

® Powdery texture and gray in color

@ Sticky texture and rusty color

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The fourth-grade students were on a naturetrail that led through a cave when theycame to the spot pictured below.

4

These features were most likely created bywhich of the following forces?

Waterfalls can form when water flows oversoft rock. The waterfall seems to movebackward as it cuts away the rock. This isan example of how moving water can --

® deposit rock material

@ erode rock material

@ create rock material

® weather rock material

Why is it important for students to reusewater from a previous investigation onerosion, rather than pouring it downthe sink? (4.1B)

®

@

@

@

Reusing water demonstrates recyclingof a nonrenewable resource.

Reusing water demonstrates making anunwise choice.

Reusing water demonstrates use of safepractices in the lab.

Reusing water demonstratesconservation of a natural resource.

@ Wind@ Ice

@ Water

@ People

The Grand Canyon was created by theColorado River over many thousands ofyears. The river moves swiftly as it flowsdownhill, breaking off bits of rock whichare carried further down the river. As therocks are dragged by the river, they scratchdeeper into the land. What is most likely tohappen over time? (4.3A)

® The river will dry up and the canyon willstop changing.

@ Wind will continue to erode the rock.

@ The canyon will get deeper as itcontinues to be eroded by the river.

@ A mountain will form where the rockmaterial is deposited.

Glaciers, giant rivers of ice, form in highplaces and move downhill. As they travel,the glaciers pick up dirt and rocks. Theycarve away mountains and leave deepvalleys in their paths. As the ice melts,the loose dirt and rocks get dumped onthe land. The unloading of rocks and dirtby the glacier is called --

@ weathering @ erosion

@ deposition @ runoff

6 What natural process is most responsible forshaping the arch pictured?

® Deposition caused by water

@ Weathering caused by water

@ Erosion caused by wind

@ Weathering caused by ice

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NameStandard 4.7B

:L The diagram below shows how a piece ofrock was broken apart by natural causes.

Use the data table to answerquestions 4 and 5.

®

®

©

®

Rocks filled the space in the rockand split the rock from the increasein weight.

Water filled the space in the rock, froze,and expanded until the rock split.

Sand filled the space in the rock,became wet, and expanded untilthe rock broke.

2 A delta is formed by the action of --

® weathering

@ erosion

® deposition

@ condensation

3 Along the inside walls of the Grand Canyon,there are rock layers that were formed atdifferent times in Earth's history. Thereare 19 distinct layers that formed the landwhere the Colorado River now flows throughthe canyon. Which agent of erosion causedthe Grand Canyon to form?

@ Wind® Water

@ ice

@ Air

Water filled the space in the rock andcaused the rock to dissolve.

Which natural process caused the rock tobreak apart?

Student 1

Movement of sediment byStudent 2 wind, water, or ice

Breaking down of rocks byStudent 3 wind, water, and ice

Erupting volcano creatingStudent4 new land

Description .Of Si0w changes

Moving water or wind droppingsediment in a new location

4 Students wrote descriptions of slow changesto Earth's surface. Which student did NOTdescribe a slow change to Earth's surface?

® Student 1@ Student 2® Student 3@ Student 4

5 Which student provided a descriptionof weathering?

@ Student 1® Student 2© Student 3@ Student 4

6 There are over 30,577 kilometers ofbeaches in the United States. Many of theseareas are prone to coastal erosion. Coastalerosion can have a financial impact onan area. Which is NOT a financial impactcaused by coastal erosion?

® Beach erosion makes beachhomes unstable.

@ Receding shorelines can reduce tourism.

® Increasing sand can alter the shoreline.

@ Piers can become structurallyunstable due to erosion.

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