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Principles of Government

Economic Growth

Social Issues

Reformers Misc. Stuff

The principle that each branch of

government had its own responsibilities

& limitations

What is Separation of

Powers?

The belief that the authority for

government flows from the people to

their representatives

What is Popular

Sovereignty?

The idea that each branch of

government exercises some control over the

others

What is Checks & Balances?

The belief that power should be divided

between the national & state governments to limit central power

What is Federalism?

The idea that voters hold the power, but

that they elect representatives to

exercise that power for them

What is Republicanism?

Monopolies, pools & trusts were formed in the late 1800s in an

attempt to DECREASE this

What is competition?

Low wages & a decline in working conditions

led to the formation of these

What are labor unions?

During the late 1800s & early 1900s, most US immigrants came from what 2 countries

Where are Italy & Ireland?

New factory job openings & a decrease

in the need for farm workers led to an

increase in this trend

What is Urbanization?

Farmers during the Populist Era

complained of the rates being charged

by these & wanted the US government to

regulate them

What were Railroads?

She was an organizer & the 1st president of the National Women’s Suffrage Association

Who was Susan B. Anthony?

This was an expression used to describe a

corrupt city government known for

collecting graft & buying votes

What is a Political

Machine?

These 2 immigrant groups faced serious

discrimination & played a large role in

the building of the Transcontinental

Railroad

Who were the Chinese & the

Irish?

This turn of the century civil rights leader

helped found the NAACP

Who was W.E.B.

DuBois?

One Gilded Age problem that

contributed to low wages & poor school attendance was the absence of any laws

regulating this

What is Child Labor?

This reformer publicized life in the tenements by taking pictures of slum life &

publishing them in newspapers

Who was

Jacob Riis?

This muckraker’s expose of the meat

packing industry eventually led to the Pure Food & Drug Act

of 1906

Who is Upton Sinclair?

This reformers work with immigrants included

teaching English classes & advocating for higher wages & less child labor

Who is Jane Addams?

Her expose of the Standard Oil Trust was an attempt to

destroy Rockefeller & end his business

practices

Who is Ida Tarbell?

This American reformer worked to end

lynchings as well as advocate for the rights of women & minorities

Who is

Ida B. Wells?

This Reconstruction Era amendment defined US Citizenship & sought to

ensure equal rights

What is the 14th

Amendment?

This power was given to the US government by

the 16th Amendment

What is the power to collect income

tax?

This amendment made the

production, distribution &

consumption of alcohol illegal

What is the 18th Amendment?

This gave women the right to vote in national

elections

What is the 19th

Amendment?

This Progressive Era reform called for the direct election of US

Senators

What is the 17th Amendment?

These 2 major inventions of the

1800s revolutionized how we communicate over long distances

What were telephone & telegraph?

Household appliances of all

types were invented after this became

available

What is Electricity?

This type of legislation was designed to break up the monopolies & was led

by several politicians including Teddy

Roosevelt

What were Anti-trust

laws?

This law was designed & advocated for by

nativists in the 1880s to advance their beliefs

What is the Chinese

Exclusion Act of 1882?

This corrupt politician was exposed as a crook by cartoonist Thomas

Nast & eventually went to prison for embezzling

millions from NYC

Who was William “Boss”

Tweed?

The Gilded Age

This man is given credit by most as the person responsible for

characterizing & naming the “Gilded

Age”

Who is

Samuel Clemons (aka Mark Twain)?