48-747 Shape Grammars...Frank Lloyd Wright, The Natural House, pp 182‐83 “Consistency in grammar...
Transcript of 48-747 Shape Grammars...Frank Lloyd Wright, The Natural House, pp 182‐83 “Consistency in grammar...
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48-747 Shape Grammars
GRAMMAROFPRAIRIEHOUSES
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FrankLloydWright,TheNaturalHouse,pp182‐83
“Consistencyingrammaristhereforetheproperty−solely−ofawell‐developedartist‐architect.Withoutthatpropertyoftheartist‐architectnotmuchcanbedoneaboutyourabodeasaworkofArt.Grammarisnopropertyoftheusualowneroroccupantofthehouse.Butthemanwhodesignsthehousemust,inevitablyspeakaconsistentthought‐languageinhisdesigns.Itproperlymaybeandshouldbealanguageofhisownifappropriate.Ifhehasnolanguage,sonogrammar,ofhisown,hemustadoptone;hewillspeaksomelanguageorotherwhetherhesochoosesornot.”
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organicarchitecture
First–Toreducethenecessarypartsofthehouseandtheseparateroomstoaminimum,andmakeallcometogetherasenclosedspace…
Second–Toassociatethebuildingasawholewithitssitebyextensionandemphasisofplanesparalleltotheground…
Third–Toeliminatetheroomasaboxandthehouseasanother…
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examineacorpora
11prairiehousesidentified
Superficialfeaturesdefocused
Hearthandfireplace
Functionzones
Living,serviceandbedroomareas
Arrangedasblocks
Linesusedtoarticulatewalls,ceilings,screensbetweenareas
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thecorpora:exteriorview,bedroomfloorplan,mainfloorplan
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thecorpora:bedroomfloor,mainfloor,exterior
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2
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3
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4
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thefireplaceiscentral
“Insteadoflean,brickchimneys,bristlingupfromsteeproofstohintat“judgment”everywhereIcanseenecessityforoneonly,abroadgenerousone,oratmost,fortwo,thesekeptlowdownongentlyslopingroofsorperhapsflatroofs.Thebigfireplacebelow,inside,becomenowaplaceforarealfire,justifiedthegreatsizeofthischimneyoutside.Arealfireplaceatthattimewasextraordinary.Therewerethen‘mantels’instead.Amantelwasamarbleframeforafewcoalsorapieceofwoodenfurniturewithtilestuckinitanda‘gate’,thewholesetslamupagainstthewall.The‘mantel’wasaninsulttocomfort,buttheintegralfireplacebecameanimportantpartofthebuildingitselfinthehousesIwasallowedtobuildoutthereontheprairie.Itrefreshedmetoseethefireburningdeepinthemasonryofthehouseitself.”
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abolitionofroomsperse
“SoIdeclaredthewholelowerflooratoneroom,cuttingoffthekitchenasalaboratory,puttingservants’sleepingandlivingquartersnexttoit,semi‐detached,onthesamefloor,screenvariousportionsinthebigroom,forcertaindomesticpurposes−likediningorreading,orreceivingaformalcaller.Therewerenoplansliketheseinexistenceatthetimeandmyclientswerepushedtowardtheseideasashelpfultoasolutionofthevexedservant‐problem.Scoresofdoorsdisappearedandnoendofpartition.Theylikedit,bothclientsandservants.Thehousebecamemorefreeas“space”,andmorelivable,too.Interiorspaciousnessbegantodawn.”
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conventionforlines double thick line
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basiccomposition
Rules1‐18
1‐2Locatingthefireplace–singleordoublehearth
3‐6addingalivingzone
7addingaservicezone(usedonce)
8‐11fixesobligatoryextension
12‐18assigningfunctionzones10‐11alignedwiththefireplaceononeside8,10alignedwiththemiddlethird9,11positionedtooneside
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Initialdesign
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treeofgeneration≈thelanguageofprairiehouses
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Seefigure11
catalogofbasiccomposition
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remainingrules–ornamentingthebasiccomposition
Figure12
Rules
19‐22Addingtoconcavecorners
23‐24Addingporches
26‐34interiordetailsofthemainfloor
35‐40basementformation
41‐47Addingterraces
48‐53Exteriordetails:mainfloor
54‐55creatingportescocheres
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remainingrules–ornamentingthebasiccomposition
Rules
61‐62establishingthebedroomfloor
63‐64bedroomfloorextension
65‐66bedroomfloordetails
67‐73makingdoubleheightlivingrooms
75‐82establishingroofeavelines
83‐84creatingbalconies
87‐97roofformation
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generation
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generation
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generation
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Seefigure18
catalogofsimplesttwostoreydesigns
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generationisnotunique
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newdesigns
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