47.GSM Based Home Automation

8/12/2019 47.GSM Based Home Automation

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Project Definition / Specification GSM BASED HOME AUTOMATION USING 8051USING 8051

6ilter circ it !hich i" " all4 a ca&acitor act" a" a " r#e arre"ter

al!a4" $ollo!" the recti$ier nit Thi" ca&acitor i" al"o calle a" a

eco &lin# ca&acitor or a 74&a"" ca&acitor2 i" "e not onl4 to "hort

the ri&&le !ith $re enc4 to #ro n 7 t al"o lea%e the $re enc4 o$the D. to a&&ear at the o t& t

67 76 R'!,$#"or(

The %olta#e re# lator" &la4 an i'&ortant role in an4 &o!er " &&l4

nit The &ri'ar4 & r&o"e o$ a re# lator i" to ai the recti$ier an $ilter

circ it in &ro%i in# a con"tant D. %olta#e to the e%ice o!er

" &&lie" !itho t re# lator" ha%e an inherent &ro7le' o$ chan#in# D.

%olta#e %al e" e to %ariation" in the loa or e to $l ct ation" in

the A. line %olta#e ith a re# lator connecte to D. o t& t2 the

%olta#e can 7e 'aintaine !ithin a clo"e tolerant re#ion o$ the

e"ire o t& t I. 805 an 81; re# lator" are "e in thi" &ro*ect

$or &ro%i in# a D. %olta#e o$ 5, an 1;, re"&ecti%el4

67 75 T'&4% $ D'"# $(:

Tran"$or'er@ ;


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Gi%e" a !ell re# late 1;, an 5, o t& t %olta#e"

B ilt in o%erheatin# &rotection "h t" o!n o t& t !hen re# lator I.

#et" too hot

,er4 "ta7le o t& t %olta#e"2 relia7le o&erationThe circ it ha" o%erloa an ther'al &rotection

Project Definition / Specification GSM BASED HOME AUTOMATION USING 8051GSM BASED HOME AUTOMATION USING 8051

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DTMF DECODER

D al tone ' lti $re enc4 (DTM6) "i#nalin# i" "e $or tele&hone

"i#nalin# o%er the line in the %oice $re enc4 7an to the call"!itchin# center The %er"ion o$ DTM6 "e $or tele&hone tone

ialin# i" 3no!n 74 the tra e'ar3e ter' To ch Tone2 an i"

"tan ar i"e 74 ITU T -eco''en ation J ;< Other ' lti $re enc4

"4"te'" are "e $or "i#nalin# internal to the tele&hone net!or3

Hi"tor4

In the ti'e &rece in# the e%elo&'ent o$ DTM62 tele&hone "4"te'"

e'&lo4e a "4"te' co''onl4 re$erre to a" & l"e (Dial l"e or D

in the USA) or loo& i"connect (/D) "i#nallin# to ial n '7er"2 !hich

$ nction" 74 ra&i l4 i"connectin# an connectin# the callin# &art4K"

tele&hone line2 "i'ilar to $lic3in# a li#ht "!itch on an o$$ The

re&eate connection an i"connection2 a" the ial "&in"2 "o n " li3e

a "erie" o$ clic3" The e>chan#e e i&'ent co nt" tho"e clic3" or ial

& l"e" to eter'ine the calle n '7er /oo& i"connect ran#e !a"

re"tricte 74 tele#ra&hic i"tortion an other technical &ro7le'"2 an

&lacin# call" o%er lon#er i"tance" re ire either o&erator

a""i"tance (o&erator" "e an earlier 3in o$ ' lti $re enc4 ial) or

the &ro%i"ion o$ " 7"cri7er tr n3 iallin# e i&'ent

DTM6 !a" e%elo&e at Bell /a7" in or er to allo! ialin# "i#nal" to

ial lon# i"tance n '7er"2 &otentiall4 o%er non!ire lin3" " ch a"

'icro!a%e ra io rela4 lin3" or "atellite" 6or a $e! non cro""7ar


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o$$ice"2 enco erF eco er" !ere a e that !o l con%ert the ol er

& l"e "i#nal" into DTM6 tone" an &la4 the' o!n the line to the

re'ote en o$$ice At the re'ote "ite another enco erF eco er co l

eco e the tone" an &er$or' & l"e ialin#2 $or e>a'&le $or Stro!#er"!itche" It !a" a" i$ 4o !ere connecte irectl4 to that en o$$ice2

4et the "i#nalin# !o l !or3 o%er an4 "ort o$ lin3 Thi" i ea o$ "in#

the e>i"tin# net!or3 $or "i#nalin# a" !ell a" the 'e""a#e i" 3no!n a"

in 7an "i#nalin#

It !a" clear e%en in the late 1950" !hen DTM6 !a" 7ein# e%elo&e

that the $ t re o$ "!itchin# la4 in electronic "!itche"2 a" o&&o"e to

the electro'echanical cro""7ar "4"te'" then in "e Either "!itchin#

"4"te' co l "e either ial "4"te'2 7 t DTM6 &ro'i"e "horter

hol in# ti'e"2 !hich !a" 'ore i'&ortant in the lar#er an 'ore

co'&le> re#i"ter" "e in cro""7ar "4"te'" In thi" ca"e & l"e ialin#

'a e no "en"e at an4 &oint in the circ it2 an &lan" !ere 'a e to roll

DTM6 o t to en "er" a" "oon a" &o""i7le Te"t" o$ the "4"te'

occ rre in the earl4 19C0"2 !here DTM6 7eca'e 3no!n a" To ch

Tone Tho #h To ch Tone &hone" !ere alrea 4 in "e in a $e!

&lace"2 the4 !ere %i#oro "l4 &ro'ote at the 19C= Ne! ?or3 orl K"

6air

The To ch Tone "4"te' al"o intro ce a "tan ar i e 3e4&ala4o t A$ter te"tin# 18 i$$erent la4o t"2 the4 e%ent all4 cho"e the

one $a'iliar to " to a42 !ith 1 in the &&er le$t an 0 at the 7otto'

The a in# 'achine la4o t2 !ith 1 in the lo!er le$t !a" al"o trie 2 7 t


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at that ti'e $e! &eo&le "e a in# 'achine"2 an ha%in# the 1 at

the L"tartL (in E ro&ean lan# a#e rea in# or er) le to $e!er t4&in#

error" In retro"&ect2 'an4 &eo&le con"i er that thi" !a" a 'i"ta3e

ith the !i e"&rea intro ction o$ co'& ter" an 7an3 'achine"2the &hone 3e47oar ha" 7eco'e Lo 7allL2 ca "in# 'i"ta3e"

In another "en"e2 DTM6 !a" o7"olete a eca e a$ter it !a"

in"tit te 2 a" 6S 'etho " !ith $e!er $re encie" 7eca'e chea&er2

$a"ter an 'ore relia7le Ho!e%er2 the technical co'&le>itie" o$

i#ital $ilterin# !ere 'ore e>&en"i%e to eal !ith than * n3in# an

a e ate "4"te'

2 2 A2 B2 .2 an D

The en#ineer" ha en%i"ione &hone" 7ein# "e to acce""

co'& ter"2 an " r%e4e a n '7er o$ co'&anie" to "ee !hat the4

!o l nee $or thi" role Thi" le to the a ition o$ the n '7er "i#n

( ) an "tar ( ) 3e4" (al"o 3no!n a" h '&hrie")2Pcitation nee e Q a"

!ell a" a #ro & o$ 3e4" $or 'en "election@ A2 B2 . an D In the en 2

the lettere 3e4" !ere ro&&e $ro' 'o"t &hone"2 an it !a" 'an4

4ear" 7e$ore the h '&hrie" 7eca'e !i el4 "e $or %ertical "er%ice

co e" " ch a" C in the Unite State" an .ana a to " &&re""

caller ID

7lic &a4&hone" that acce&t cre it car " "e the"e a itional co e"

to "en the in$or'ation $ro' the 'a#netic "tri&


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The U S 'ilitar4 al"o "e the letter"2 rela7ele 2 in their no! e$ nct

A to%on &hone "4"te' Here the4 !ere "e 7e$ore ialin# the

&hone in or er to #i%e "o'e call" &riorit42 c ttin# in o%er e>i"tin# call"i$ nee 7e The i ea !a" to allo! i'&ortant tra$$ic to #et thro #h

e%er4 ti'e The le%el" o$ &riorit4 a%aila7le !ere 6la"h O%erri e (A)2

6la"h (B)2 I''e iate (.)2 an riorit4 (D)2 !ith 6la"h O%erri e 7ein#

the hi#he"t &riorit4 re""in# one o$ the"e 3e4" #a%e 4o r call &riorit42

o%erri in# other con%er"ation" on the net!or3 re""in# .2

I''e iate2 7e$ore ialin# !o l 'a3e the "!itch $ir"t loo3 $or an4

$ree line"2 an i$ all line" !ere in "e2 it !o l i"connect an4 non

&riorit4 call"2 an then an4 &riorit4 call" 6la"h O%erri e !ill 3ic3 e%er4

other call o$$ the tr n3" 7et!een the ori#in an e"tination

.on"e entl42 it i" li'ite to the hite Ho "e .o'' nication"

A#enc4 rece ence ialin# i" "till one on the 'ilitar4 &hone

net!or3"2 7 t "in# n '7er co'7ination" (E>a'&le@Enterin# 92 !ith each ro!

re&re"entin# a lo! $re enc42 an each col 'n re&re"entin# a hi#h

$re enc4 re""in# a "in#le 3e4 " ch a" K1K !ill "en a "in "oi al

tone o$ the t!o $re encie" C9 an 1;09 hert (H ) The ori#inal

3e4&a " ha le%er" in"i e2 "o each 7 tton acti%ate t!o contact"

The ' lti&le tone" are the rea"on $or callin# the "4"te'

' lti$re enc4 The"e tone" are then eco e 74 the "!itchin#

center to eter'ine !hich 3e4 !a" &re""e

DTM6 3e4&a $re encie"

.lic3 here $or 8051 Microcontroller 6O-UM


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1;09 H 1ternal co'&onent" re ire incl e a lo!


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co"t < 5 95=5 MH cr4"tal2 a ti'in# re"i"tor2 an a ti'in# ca&acitor

The MT 88 0 0; can al"o inhi7it the eco in# o$ $o rth col 'n i#it"

MT 88 0 o&eratin# $ nction" incl e a 7an "&lit $ilter that "e&arate"the hi#h an lo! tone" o$ the recei%e &air2 an a i#ital eco er that

%eri$ie" 7oth the $re enc4 an ration o$ the recei%e tone" 7e$ore

&a""in# the re" ltin# = 7it co e to the o t& t 7 "

The lo! an hi#h #ro & tone" are "e&arate 74 a&&l4in# the al

tone "i#nal to the in& t" o$ t!o Cth or er "!itche ca&acitor 7an

&a"" $ilter" !ith 7an !i th" that corre"&on to the 7an " enclo"in#

the lo! an hi#h #ro & tone"

6i# re (6) Bloc3 ia#ra' o$ I. MT88 0

The $ilter al"o incor&orate" notche" at cellent ial tone re*ection Each $ilter o t& t i" $ollo!e 74 a "in#le

or er "!itche ca&acitor "ection that "'oothe" the "i#nal" &rior to

li'itin# Si#nal li'itin# i" &er$or'e 74 hi#h #ain co'&arator"

&ro%i e !ith h4"tere"i" to &re%ent etection o$ n!ante lo! le%el

"i#nal" an noi"e The MT 88 0 eco er "e" a i#ital co ntin#

techni e to eter'ine the $re encie" o$ the li'ite tone" an to

%eri$4 that the4 corre"&on to "tan ar DTM6 $re encie" hen theetector reco#ni e" the "i' ltaneo " &re"ence o$ t!o %ali tone"

(3no!n a" "i#nal con ition)2 it rai"e" the Earl4 Steerin# $la# (ESt)

An4 " 7"e ent lo"" o$ "i#nal con ition !ill ca "e ESt to $all Be$ore


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a eco e tone &air i" re#i"tere 2 the recei%er chec3" $or %ali "i#nal

ration (re$erre to a" character reco#nition con ition) Thi" chec3

i" &er$or'e 74 an e>ternal -. ti'e con"tant ri%en 74 ESt A "hort

ela4 to allo! the o t& t latch to "ettle2 the ela4e "teerin# o t& t$la# (StD) #oe" hi#h2 "i#nalin# that a recei%e tone &air ha" 7een

re#i"tere The content" o$ the


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o t& t latch are 'a e a%aila7le on the = 7it o t& t 7 " 74 rai"in# the

three "tate control in& t (OE) to lo#ic hi#h Inhi7it 'o e i" ena7le 74

a lo#ic hi#h in& t to &in 5 (INH) It inhi7it" the etection o$ 1C


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FEATURES OF ULN 009:

U/N;00< i" a 1C 7it I.

It i" o$ Darlin#ton &air a'&li$ier (1 to 1000)

1 ; A'&" c rrent i" " &&orte

It #i%e" in%erte o t& t

REASON FOR USING ULN 009 DRI;ER:

Thi" ri%er i" "e to a%oi 7ac3 EM6 an &rotect circ it $ro' 7ac3

EM6 It al"o &ro%i e" c rrent a'&li$ication

General 'icrocontroller " &&ort" c rrent & to 500'A 7 t "o'e

'otor" re ire C00'A In or er to achie%e thi" !e nee c rrent

a'&li$ication

ULN 009 & r&, " + #!r#.:


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A


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-ela4"

A rela4 i" an electricall4 o&erate "!itch . rrent $lo!in# thro #h the

coil o$ the rela4 create" a 'a#netic $iel !hich attract" a le%er an

chan#e" the "!itch contact" The coil c rrent can 7e on or o$$ "o

rela4" ha%e t!o "!itch &o"ition" an the4 are o 7le thro!

(chan#eo%er) "!itche"


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-ela4" allo! one circ it to "!itch a "econ circ it !hich can 7e

co'&letel4 "e&arate $ro' the $ir"t 6or e>a'&le a lo! %olta#e 7atter4

circ it can "e a rela4 to "!itch a ;


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-ela4 coil" &ro ce 7rie$ hi#h %olta#e K"&i3e"K !hen the4 are "!itche

o$$ an thi" can e"tro4 tran"i"tor" an I." in the circ it To &re%ent

a'a#e 4o ' "t connect a &rotection io e acro"" the rela4 coil

The ani'ate &ict re "ho!" a !or3in# rela4 !ith it" coil an "!itch

contact" ?o can "ee a le%er on the le$t 7ein# attracte 74

'a#neti"' !hen the coil i" "!itche on Thi" le%er 'o%e" the "!itch

contact" There i" one "et o$ contact" (S DT) in the $ore#ro n an

another 7ehin the'2 'a3in# the rela4 D DT

The rela4K" "!itch connection" are " all4 la7elle .OM2 N. an

NO@

.OM .o''on2 al!a4" connect to thi"2 it i" the 'o%in# &art o$ the

"!itch

N. Nor'all4 .lo"e 2 .OM i" connecte to thi" !hen the rela4 coil

i" o$$

NO Nor'all4 O&en2 .OM i" connecte to thi" !hen the rela4 coil i"

on

.onnect to .OM an NO i$ 4o !ant the "!itche circ it to 7e on

!hen the rela4 coil i" on

.onnect to .OM an N. i$ 4o !ant the "!itche circ it to 7e on!hen the rela4 coil i" o$$

.hoo"in# a rela4

?o nee to con"i er "e%eral $eat re" !hen choo"in# a rela4@


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h4"ical "i e an &in arran#e'ent

I$ 4o are choo"in# a rela4 $or an e>i"tin# .B 4o !ill nee to

en" re that it" i'en"ion" an &in arran#e'ent are " ita7le ?o

"ho l $in thi" in$or'ation in the " &&lierK" catalo# e.oil %olta#e

The rela4K" coil %olta#e ratin# an re"i"tance ' "t " it the circ it

&o!erin# the rela4 coil Man4 rela4" ha%e a coil rate $or a 1;,

" &&l4 7 t 5, an ;=, rela4" are al"o rea il4 a%aila7le So'e rela4"

o&erate &er$ectl4 !ell !ith a " &&l4 %olta#e !hich i" a little lo!er than

their rate %al e

.oil re"i"tance

The circ it ' "t 7e a7le to " &&l4 the c rrent re ire 74 the rela4

coil ?o can "e Oh'K" la! to calc late the c rrent@ -ela4 coil

c rrent " &&l4 %olta#e

coil re"i"tance

6or e>a'&le@ A 1;, " &&l4 rela4 !ith a coil re"i"tance o$ =00 &a""e"

a c rrent o$ a'&le@ L5A at

;=, D. or 1;5, A.L

S!itch contact arran#e'ent (S DT2 D DT etc)


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Mo"t rela4" are S DT or D DT !hich are o$ten e"cri7e a" L"in#le

&ole chan#eo%erL (S .O) or L o 7le &ole chan#eo%erL (D .O) 6or

$ rther in$or'ation &lea"e "ee the &a#e on "!itche"

rotection io e" $or rela4"Tran"i"tor" an I." (chi&") ' "t 7e &rotecte $ro' the 7rie$ hi#h

%olta#e K"&i3eK &ro ce !hen the rela4 coil i" "!itche o$$ The

ia#ra' "ho!" ho! a "i#nal io e (e# 1N=1=8) i" connecte acro""

the rela4 coil to &ro%i e thi" &rotection Note that the io e i"

connecte K7ac3!ar "K "o that it !ill nor'all4 not con ct

.on ction onl4 occ r" !hen the rela4 coil i" "!itche o$$2 at thi"

'o'ent c rrent trie" to contin e $lo!in# thro #h the coil an it i"

har'le""l4 i%erte thro #h the io e itho t the io e no c rrent

co l $lo! an the coil !o l &ro ce a a'a#in# hi#h %olta#e K"&i3eK

in it" atte'&t to 3ee& the c rrent $lo!in#

-ee rela4"

-ee -ela4

hoto#ra&h -a&i Electronic"

-ee rela4" con"i"t o$ a coil " rro n in# a ree "!itch -ee

"!itche" are nor'all4 o&erate !ith a 'a#net2 7 t in a ree rela4

c rrent $lo!" thro #h the coil to create a 'a#netic $iel an clo"e the

ree "!itch

-ee rela4" #enerall4 ha%e hi#her coil re"i"tance" than "tan ar

rela4" (1000 $or e>a'&le) an a !i e ran#e o$ " &&l4 %olta#e" (9 ;0,


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$or e>a'&le) The4 are ca&a7le o$ "!itchin# ' ch 'ore ra&i l4 than

"tan ar rela4"2 & to "e%eral h n re ti'e" &er "econ 7 t the4

can onl4 "!itch lo! c rrent" (500'A 'a>i' ' $or e>a'&le)

The ree rela4 "ho!n in the &hoto#ra&h !ill &l # into a "tan ar 1=

&in DI/ "oc3et (Kchi& hol erK)

6or $ rther in$or'ation a7o t ree "!itche" &lea"e "ee the &a#e on

"!itche"

-ela4" an tran"i"tor" co'&are

/i3e rela4"2 tran"i"tor" can 7e "e a" an electricall4 o&erate

"!itch 6or "!itchin# "'all D. c rrent" ( 1A) at lo! %olta#e the4 are

" all4 a 7etter choice than a rela4 Ho!e%er tran"i"tor" cannot

"!itch A. or hi#h %olta#e" (" ch a" 'ain" electricit4) an the4 are

not " all4 a #oo choice $or "!itchin# lar#e c rrent" (V 5A) In the"e

ca"e" a rela4 !ill 7e nee e 2 7 t note that a lo! &o!er tran"i"tor 'a4

"till 7e nee e to "!itch the c rrent $or the rela4K" coilW The 'ain

a %anta#e" an i"a %anta#e" o$ rela4" are li"te 7elo!@

A %anta#e" o$ rela4"@

-ela4" can "!itch A. an D.2 tran"i"tor" can onl4 "!itch D.


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I LIO RA H

RE#ERENCES"

OO:S"

1( MICRO CONTROLLERS ?Y RAMES (S(HAON>R

:( DATA S EETS OF VARIOUS ICJS

( 8051 MANUAL

WE SITE"


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1( @@@(C I*(COM

:( @@@(HOOHLEARC (COM

( @@@(EM?EDDEDSYSTEMS(COM

=( @@@(VISUAL?ASIC(COM
http://www.chip.com/http://www.googlearch.com/http://www.embeddedsystems.com/http://www.visualbasic.com/http://www.chip.com/http://www.googlearch.com/http://www.embeddedsystems.com/http://www.visualbasic.com/

47.GSM Based Home Automation

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