1. Parts of aEukaryoticCell

2. Cell Theory

All living thingsare made up of cells.

Cells are thesmallestworking units ofall living things.

There aretwotypes of cell:

• Prokaryotic

• Eukaryotic

3. Prokaryotic

One -celled

Nonucleus

DNA looks like atwisted rubber band

Nomembrane-covered organelles

Allhave acell walloutside the cell membrane

Ex:Bacteria

4.

Larger

Have anucleus

Havemembrane-coveredorganelles

Some(ex: plants) have acell wall

Eukaryotic Plant Animal 5. Two Types of Eukaryotic Cells

Animal cells

Plant cells

6. Typical Animal Cell 7. Typical Plant Cell 8. Cell Parts Organelles 9. Organelles

little organs

Havespecific jobsthat help keep the cell alive

Like the organs in your body have specific jobs to help keep you alive

10. Surrounding the Cell 11. Cell Wall

Stiff outer layer thatsupports&protectsthe cell

All plantcells have a cellwall that is made of asugar called cellulose

( All prokaryoticcells, likebacteria, also havecell walls)

Animalcells donothavecell walls

12. Cell Membrane

Surrounds&protectsthe cell ( insideof the cell wall on plants, fungi, and prokaryotes)

Every cellhas a cell membrane

Made ofproteins andlipidsthatcontrol themove-mentof materialsin & out of the cell

Allowsnutrients and waterin

Letswastegoout

13. Inside the Cell 14. Proteins

Control thechemical reactionsin the cell

Provide cells withstructure

The messages of how to make proteins are given by theDNA

Not THIS kind of protein! 15. Cytoskeleton

A web ofproteinsinside the cell thatanchorsthe organelles

Acts as askeleton&amuscle

Helps the cell keepitsshape

Also helps other cells,like bacteria,move

16. Nucleus

Onlyineukaryoticcells

Large& in thecenter

Contains genetic material -DNA

Directscell activities

Covered bytwo membraneswhich allow materials to go in and out

17. Ribosomes

Smallestorganelles in cell

Each cell containsthousands

Makesprotein

Foundfloatingaround inside cell

Orattachedto membranes or organelles

Unlike most organelles, ribosomes arenotcovered by a membrane

-> 18. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Membranes with manyfolds

Makeslipids&proteins

Part of the cellsdeliverysystem : folds havepassageways = movematerials around cell

Twotypes:

• SmoothER:noribosomes, makeslipids , breaks down materials that can harm the cell

• RoughER:ribosomesattached, makesproteinsto be delivered to other parts of the cell

19. Mitochondria

Mainpower source of the cell

Makeenergybybreaking downsugar

Energy is stored inmolecule calledATP

The cell uses the ATPto dowork

Has itsown DNAthat isdifferentfrom the cells DNA

20. Chloroplasts

Usually found inplantandalgaecells

Contain greenchlorophyll(traps the energy of sunlight to make sugarmake food)

Wherephotosynthesistakes place (Sun + CO2 + H2OO2 + sugar)

21. Vesicles

A smallenvelopethat surrounds material to bemovedfrom one part of a cell to another

Made from thecell membrane

Or from theGolgi complex. . .

22. Golgi Complex

Packages & delivers materialswithinandoutof the cell

The Post Office of the cell

23. The Post Office

TheERdelivers materials to the Golgi complex

TheGolgi complexcan change these so that they can do different jobs

Theyre enclosed inpieces of the Golgismembrane

The membrane pinchesoff to makevesicles

The vesicles move thematerials toother parts of the cell oroutof the cell

24. Lysosomes

Responsible fordigestion

• Destroyworn-out ordamaged organelles

• Get ridof wastes

• Protectcell fromharmful products

Material is enclosedin a vesicle

Lysosome bumps intovesicle and poursenzymes into it (breaks down whats inside of it)

25. Vacuoles

A type of vesicle

Also help withdigestion(like Lysosomes)

In plants: large vacuole in center storewater , which helps plants keep their shape (plantswiltwhen vacoules lose water)