SOLUTIONS REVIEW

How much of the solute will dissolve and how much will remain undissolved at the bottom of

the test tube?60g of NaCl in 100g of water at 60ºc

40g dissolved

20 g undissolv

ed

Suppose you were making a salt water solution. Sodium ions and chloride ions are separating from one another. What is this called?

Dissociation

What are the 3 different types of mixtures?

Solutions

Suspensions

Colloids

Describe how stirring increases the rate of dissolving of a solute.

Allows continual contact between solute & solvent

What type of mixture are colloids classified as?

Heterogeneous

___________ is a homogeneous mixture

Solutions

What is an example of a colloid?

Aerosols

Foams

Emulsions

Gels/Sols

Explain why a beaker of NaCl crystals cannot conduct an

electrical current. Be specific.

Ions are not dissociated and the ions are not

mobile since the are not in a solution

________ is the substance that does the dissolving in

a solution

Solvent

_______ is a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts

electric current

Electrolyte

What are the 3 factors that can increase the

solution rate?

Heating

Stirring

Grinding

Describe how heating increases the rate of dissolving of a solute.

Increases the kinetic energy so molecules are moving faster so more collisions between the

solute & solvent

Determine what type of mixture a substance is by

the following observation : particles are scattered by light

Colloid

At 100°C, 70g of NaCl is dissolved in 100g of water. Is this solution

saturated or unsaturated?

Saturated

What is solution equilibrium?

State where the solute is dissolving at the same rate that the solute is coming out of solution

(crystallizing).

_____ is the quantity of solute that will dissolve

in specific amount of solvent at a certain

temperature.

Solubility

Describe how grinding a solute increases the rate of dissolving.

Creates more of a surface area on the solute, so

more collisions between solute & solvent will occur

Suppose you were making a salt water solution. Sodium ions and

chloride ions are each being surrounded by water molecules.

What is this called?

Solvation

_____ is a stable solution in which the maximum amount of solute has

been dissolved

Saturated Solution

What helps to prevent colloid particles from

settling out of a mixture?

Brownian Motion

Explain why a beaker of NaCl water can conduct an electrical

current. Be specific.

Ions are dissociated and the ions are mobile

Determine what type of mixture A substance is by

the following observation : particles can be separated by filtration

Suspension

_____ is the visible pattern caused by the reflection of light from suspended

particles in a colloid

Tyndall Effect

What is visual evidence that a solution would be

saturated?

Undissolved solute would be present at the bottom

of the container

_____ is the substance that gets dissolved in a

solution

Solute

____ is a solution that contains less solute than

a saturated solution under existing conditions

Unsaturated

____ is a mixture that is uniform in composition

Homogeneous

At 100°C, 10g of NaCl is dissolved in 100g of water. Is this solution

saturated or unsaturated?

Unsaturated

What is considered the “universal solvent”?

water

What are 3 factors that affect solubility?

Nature of solutes/solvents

Temperature

Pressure

How many grams of potassium bromide can be dissolved in 100g of water at 80°C?

98g

Explain the rule, “Like Dissolves Like”.

rule of thumb for predicting whether or not one substance dissolves

in anotherEx: Polar solutes will dissolve in

polar solvents

____ is a colloid where solids and liquids

dispersed in gases (fog)

Aerosols

Describe the 3 steps in the dissolving process.

Solute-solute attraction is broken up; requires

energy

Solvent-solvent attraction is broken up;

requires energy

Solute-solvent attraction is formed; releases enerty

_____ is a mixture in which the particles are so large

that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or

agitatedsuspension

What is an example of a suspension?

Oil and water

Dirt and water

_____ is a mixture consisting of particles

that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and those in

suspensionsColloid

What type of mixture are suspensions classified as?

Heterogeneous

____is the random continuous motions of

colloidal particles

Brownian Motion

_______ is a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that DOES NOT conduct electric current

Nonelectrolyte

What is an example of the tyndall effect?

Visibility of headbeams on a foggy night

Which salt is least soluble at 60 °C?

NaCl

_____ is a solution that temporarily contains more

than the saturation amount of solute than the solvent can hold (unstable)

Supersaturated

Which salt is MOST soluble at 20 °C?

NaClO3

What is an example of a solution?

Food coloring and water

____ is a colloid where gases dispersed in liquids

(Ex: whipped cream)

Foam

_____ is the separation of ions from each other in a

solutionDissociation

What is the molarity formula?

(besides M1V1 = M2V2)

Molarity = Moles of Solute

Liters of Solution

Explain why a sugar solution cannot conduct an electrical current. Be

specific.

No charged particles are present and they are not

mobile

____ is a mixture that is NOT uniform in composition

Heterogeneous