4 REVISED TENTH EDITION - Home - Delsea … · iv Sample Parent Letter 1 v Helpful Hints for Home...

4 REVISED TENTH EDITION

Authors

Margaret L. Johnson Owen Crabb

Arthur A. Opfer Randall R. Thiel

Consulting Author

Frederik R. Mottola

Glenview, lllinois Needham, Massachusetts

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey

This ancillary includes 40 In-Car Checklists that. can be copied for use in classroom and in-car instruction. These checklists summarize various driving maneuvers described in the studerlt text. This ancillary also suggests ways t o use the checklists with parents as well as students and pov ides sample letters

t o parents about the driver education course.

Copyright D 2C03 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights rcsrrved. Printed in the United States of Arncrica. This p ~ ~ b l i c ~ t i o n is protected by copyright, and pern~ission should he obt.iincd from the publisher prior to any reproduction, stor.igc in n

retrieval sybtenl, o r transmission in any form or b! any means. electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. Thc publisher hereby grants pcrn~ission to reproduce thchc piges, in part or in whole, for classroonl use only. Noticc oi copyright m ~ t s r appear on all copics. For information regarding pcrrnissio~~(s), write to: Rights and Permissions Department.

ISBN 0-13-068336-1

iv Sample Parent Letter 1 v Helpful Hints for Home Practice Sessions

vi Sample Parent Letter 2 vii Student Record Sheet

In-Car Checklists: Basic Vehicle Control

1 Outside Checks; Getting into the Vehicle

2 lilside Checks

3 Starting the Engine

4 Putting the Vehicle in Motion

5 Stopping the Vehicle;

Securing the Vehicle; Leaving the Vehicle

Performing Basic Vehicle Maneuvers 6 Orderly Visual Search Pattern

7 Steering Straight Backward

8 Changing Lanes

9 Hand-Over-Hand Steering; Push-Pull Steering

10 Procedures for Turning

11 Backing Left and Right

12 Midblock U-Turn; Backing into Driveway on Right Side

13 Pulling into Driveway on Left Side;

Pulling into Driveway on Right Side 14 Three-Point Turnabout

15 Angle Parking 16 Perpendicular Parking

17 Leaving an Angle or a

Perpendicular Parking Space

18 Parallel Parking

19 Leaving a Parallel Parking Space

20 Uphill Parking with a Curb;

Uphill Parking with N o Curb 21 Downhill Parking with a Curb;

Downhill Parking with N o Curb 22 Starting on a Hill 23 Searching an Intersection

24 Approaching a Curve

Driving in Rural Areas Passing on Two-Lane Highways

Driving on Expressways Entering an Expressway

Lane Changing

Exiting an Expressway

Driving in Adverse Conditions Rear-Wheel Skid

Controlled Braking

Handling Emergencies Blowout; Total Brake Failure

Stuck Accelerator; Engine Failure

Emergency Swerve

Off-Road Recovery

Threat of Head-On Collision

Threat of Side-Impact Collision; Threat of Rear-End Collision

Manual Transmission Starting the Engine;

Putting the Vehicle in Motion

Shifting from FIRS.I. to SE(~:ONI);

Stopping from FIRST, SIICONL),

or KE\'LKSC

Shifting to TI-IIRL), I:OUR'I'I I ,

and rrrrtl; Stopping f rom

Higher Gears Downshifting

Dear Parent:

Your sonidaughter is currently enrolled in the driver education course at High School. We will provide organized, competent instruction

in the fundamental driving skills, techniques, and knowledge by providing hours of classroom instruction using the Drive Right textbook, hours of in-car instruction, and hours of in-car observation.

Driving is a complex task requiring the mastery of many skills. Your teenage driver needs as much driving experience as possible to learn and develop these basic driving skills. We recommend that the student have two hours of driving time at home for every hour of driving time at school.

The parent's role should be one of reinforcing skills introduced by the driver education teacher, not introducing new skills. To assist you in supervising your teenage driver, we are providing you with a copy of the In-Car Checklists used in the school's in-car instruction. These Checklists describe the basic driving maneuvers in an illustrated step-by-step format. We are also providing you with a list of helpful hints to help make the home practice sessions useful and enjoyable.

If you have any questions concerning this driver education course, please do not hesitate to call me at the Driver Education Department.

Sincerely,

Driver Education Department

Before Practice Sessions Schedule short, frequent lessons during daylight hours until you feel confident the student can drive at night. Choose one driving skill to review and practice at each session. If possible, practice the most recent skill the new driver has learned in the driver education course. Use the In-Car Checklist provided by the driver education teacher to find out the proper maneuvers for the driving skill. Review the procedures and discuss them with the new driver. Review safety practices and rules for driving sessions (e.g., wear safety belts; lock doors; converse only about driving issues). Find a large, open parking lot for the first few sessions. Once you feel confident the new driver is ready, find a quiet residential area for the sessions.

During Practice Sessions Fasten your safety belts and lock the doors. Have the driver adjust the seat and mirrors. Sit in a position that allows you to place your band on the steering whcel or foot on the brake quickly if necessary. Have the driver drive at a low speed during the first few sessions. Confine the conversation to driving maneuvers and techniques. Remember that the purpose of on-the- road experience is to practice driving and safety skills. Give directions quietly, clearly, and well in advance of the situation. Give "where-what" commands (e.g., "At the next corner turn left.") Provide enough time for the new driver to perform each maneuver. Have the new driver practice the IPDE Process aloud [e.g., "I see a parked car (identify) and 1 think it might pull out (predict). 1 think 1'11 slow down" (decide, execute)]. Try to be calm, patient, and relaxed to in4till confidence. Speak in a relaxed manner. Make positive remarks frequerltly to encourage the new dr i~er . Remember that mistakes and lack of confidence are a natural part of learning. Tell the new driver immediately when an error has been made and calmly suggest how to correct it. Be consistent in your comments and reactions. The new driver wlll begin to see a pattern between what he or she does and what you say or do. Look and think well ahead of the new driver to anticipate problems, and inform the new driver well In advance. In an emergency situation, give a short, precise command in a firm., controlled voice. Be prepared to take steering control, reach across the vehicle with your foot to apply the brakes, or reach across the vehicle with your foot to depress the accelerator. You might want to use a hand-held mirror to keep track of traffic conditions to the rear and to check the eye movement of the new driver.

e After Practice Sessions - C

g Review and evaluate the skills that have been practiced in the lesson. m 0

Make comments as brief and positive as possible. 3 C Repeat the lesson if you feel it is necessary or if the driver education teacher suggests further practice. 0 2

a" Set a good example for the new driver to imitate while you are driving.

@

Dear Parent:

Your soddaughter has successfully completed the driver education course. As a result, your tecnage driver should know the fundamental rules for driving and have the basic skills necessary for driving a car safely. However, this does not necessarily rnean that heishe is a competent driver. Additional practice sessions will help your teenage driver become more experienced and confident, and thus a safer driver.

It has bccn observed during in-car instruction that more practice is needed in the following areas:

-- using the orderly visual search pattern steering backward changing lanes

- - hand-over-hand steering making turns backing up three-point turnabout angle or perpendicular parking

-- parallel parking -- uphill parking

downhill parking a- passing on two-lane highways

entering and exiting an expressway -- procedures for adverse conditions

procedures for handling emergencies other

We suggest that you practice these driving skills with your teenage driver until he/she becomes adequately conipetent in these areas. When you believe that your teenage driver has learned basic control of the car and has gained adequate experience in mak~ng safe driving decisions, you should arrange for himiher to takc the test for obtaining a driver's license. Even after thc license has been obtained a new driver needs niore practice to become a confident, competent, and safe driver. Re aware that lack of experience and use of alcohol while driving are the two biggest factors in teenage automobile collisions.

We hope that our driver education course has helped your teenage driver becolne a good, safe driver. If you have any questions about your soddaughterk driving skills, please call me at the Driver Education Department.

Sincerely,

Driver Education Departmen1

Student Record Sheet for In-Car Instruction

Name - Class Period

No. Maneuver Date Time Rating

Basic Vehicle Control

Performing Basic Vehicle Maneuvers

1 --

2 --

3

4

6 0rdegy Visual Search Pattern -

7 Steering Straight Backward - 8 Changing Lanes

-

/9 / Hand-Over-Hand Steering; Push-Pull Steering -- - -.

5 Stopping the Vehicle; Securing the Vehicle; Leaving the Vehicle

Outside Checks: Getting into the Vehicle

Inside Checks -

Starting the Engine


10 Procedures for Turning r

11 Backing Left and Right

12 Midblock U-Turn: Racking into Driveway on Right Side ------- --

-

/ 13 / Pulling into Driveway on Left Side; Pulling into 1

--- Parking Space

18 Parallel Parking - --

19 Leaving a Parallel Parking - Space -

20 Uphill Parking with a Curb; Uphill Parking with No Curb -

2 1 Downh~ll Parking with a -- Curb; Downhill Parking with No Curb ---

22 Starting on a Hill --

23 Searching an Intersection -

24 Approaching a Curve -- --

Rating Scale 5-Excellent 4-Good 3-Satisfactory 2-Poor I -Unsatisfactory

vii

Student Record Sheet for In-Car Instruction (page 2)

Name Class Period

No. Maneuver Date Time Rating

Driving in Rural Areas

/ 25 1 Passing on Two-Lane Highways zr-3 Driving on Expressways

m n t e r i n g an Expressway 1

Driving in Adverse Conditions

' 27

28 I- ---

)29~=~heel Skid -i1--- 7

Handling Emergencies

2 Exiting an Expressway

Manual Transmission

-

137 1 Starting the Engine; Putting the Vehicle in Motion I i pn

from FIRST to SECOND; Stopping from FIRST,

--

140 1 Downshifting

Rating Scale 5-Excellent '!-Good 3-Satisfactory 2-Poor I -Unsatisfactory

viii

Name Date


Outside Checks

a 1. Walk around your vehicle with keys in hand and look for objects in the path you intend to take. Also look for water or oil marks under the vehicle.

a 2. Glance at the tires to see thcy are inflated properly.

a 3. Notice the direction the front wheels are pointed. If they are not pointed straight ahead your vehicle will go to the left or right as soon as you begin to drive.

Cr 4. Make sure the windshield, windows, headlights, and taillights are clear.

5. Check the back window ledge for loose objects. Remove any before driving.

6 . Look inside the vehicle to be sure you do not have unwanted passengcrs.

Getting into the Vehicle

a 1. If you enter your vehicle from the street side, have your keys in hand ready to unlock. the door. If you use a remote- control device, unlock the vehicle before you walk into the street.

a 2. Walk around the front of the vehiclc toward the back. You then can see oncoming traffic. Do not open the door if an oncoming vehicle is near.

3. Get in quickly, close the door, and lock it. Put the key in the ignition.

U C - g Instructor's Notes and Comments m

3 v W

Name Date


Inside Checks

0 1. Lock all doors.

2. Adjust the seat so you are in a comfortable position. Sit with your back firmly against the back of the seat. Sit high enough to see over the steering wheel. Adjust the seat so you are at least 10 inches back from the hub of the wheel if there is an air bag in it. Reach for the accelerator and brake pedal with your right foot to judge a comfortable distance. Your knees should be slightly bent.

0 3. Place your hands in a balanccd comfortable position on the steering wheel with your elbows slightly bent.

a 4. Adjust the head restraint to the middle of the back of your head.

5. Adjust the inside rearview mirror so it shows the area behind you through the rear window.

0 6 . Adjust the left and right outside rearview mirrors so they show a slight amount of the sides of the vehicle.

0 7. Fasten your safety belt and ask all passengers to fasten theirs.

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Instructor3s Notes and Comments

Name --- Date


Starting the Engine

U 1. Make sure the parking brake is set. Pull up the lever for a parking brake on the console. Push down on the pedal for a foot parking brake.

0 2. Make sure the selector lever is in PARK. If you are starting the vehicle after the engine has stalled, place the selector lever in NEUTRAL.

0 3. If your vehicle has fuel injection and the engine is cold, keep your foot off the accelerator.

0 4. Turn the ignition switch to "On." Continue turning the key to start the engine. Release the key as soon as the engine starts.

a 5. Check the gauges, warning lights, and fuel supply.

Caution: Never try to start the engine when it is already running. Expensive damage to the starter can result. Press lightly on the accelerator so you will know whether or not the engine is running. When in doubt, turn the key to "Off" and repeat the starting procedure.

Instructor's Notes and Comments

Name - Date


- - b:! m 1 Putting the Vehicle in Motion

a I. Press firmly on the foot brake.

a 2. Move the selector lever to DRIVE -- rn // I a 3. Release the parking brake whlle st111 i l pressing the foot-brake pedal. a 4. Chcck for traffic ahead and in rearvlew

mirrors. Look over your left shoulder to 4 1 - - ?= '= '

- see if a vehicle is approaching from thc

b]F7j A': : .A

a 5. If rlght rear. you curb, are going use the to left move turn awily signal from to the alert

, \ other drivers. Check mirrors agaln.

> - ;Is- r4 2; j U 6. When you know the roadway is clear,

release the foot-brake pedal and press gently on the accelerator to lncrease speed smoothly.

- - - - - L r l - l T 1 - - - D 7. Quickly check agaln over your left

shoulder for traffic.

8. Cancel the signal, if necessary.

9. As you reach your desired speed, let up a llttle on the accelerator A?)ust your speed to traffic.


Name Date


Stopping the Vehicle

a 1. Check traffic in both mirrors before slowing down.

a 2. Let up on the accelerator.

a 3. Tap the foot brake lightly.

a 4. Gradually press down on the foot-brake pedal. Ease up on the brake just before stopping. Leave the selector lever in DRIVE

if you plan to start moving again immediately. Otherwise, shift to PARK.

Securing the Vehicle

a 1. Once you have stopped, continue presslng the foot brake

0 2. Shift to PARK in an automatic or to REVERSE.

in a stickshift vehicle.

a 3. Set the parking brake. Turn off all accessories. Close all windows.

a 4. Turn off the ignition switch. Remove the key. Release the foot brake pedal

a 5. Unfasten your safety belt.

- - a , a 6. Lock all doors.

Leaving the Vehicle Instructor's Notes and Comments

a 1. Check inside and outside mirrors.

a 2. Make sure you have your keys.

a 3. Glance over your left shoulder before - C O opening the door. - m a 4. When it is safe, open the door and get out L L C

@ quickly. a rz a 5. Make sure all doors are locked. Walk

around the rear of the vehicle to reduce your risk of being hit.

Name

Performing Basic Veliicle Maneuvers

Date

Orderly Visual Search Pattern

Below is an example of an orderly visual search pattern for straight-ahead driving.

0 1. Look ahead to your target area range.

2. Evaluate your left-front, front, and right- front zones in the 12-1 5 second range. Search driveways and intersections for possible changes in your line of sight and path of travel.

3. Glance in rearview mirror to check your rear zones.

u 4. Evaluate your 4-6 second range before entering that space.

u 5. Look ahead again to evaluate another 12-1 5 second range.

6 . Check your 4-6 second range.

7. Glance in rearview mirror.

a 8. Check speedometer and gauges.

Repeat this pattern or a similar pattern as you move forward.


Name Date


Steering Straight Backward

Steering when moving backward involves knowing where to look and how to control direction and speed.

a 1. Hold the brake pedal down and shift to REVERSE.

a 2. Turn your body to the right, and put your right arm over the back of the passenger seat. Look back through the rear window.

a 3. Put your left hand at the top of the steering wheel at the 12 o'clock position.

a 4. Release pressure on the brake just enough to allow the vehicle to creep backward slowly.

5. While looking back through the rear window, move the top of the steering wheel toward the direction you want the back of thc vehicle to go.

6. Keep your foot over the brake pedal while your vehicle is moving backward. Glance quickly to the front and sides to check traffic. Continue to look back through the rear window as you brake to a stop.

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Kame Date


Left

Changing Lanes

Follow these steps when making a lane change to the left:

D I . Check traffic in the front and left-front zones. Check rear zones through the rearview mirrors.

a 2. Signal and make a blind-spot check over your left shoulder to see if any vehicle is about to pass you.

a 3. Increase your speed slightly as you stecr smoothly into the next lane if it is clear.

4. Cancel your signal and adjust your speed.

Follow the same procedure when nlaking a lane change to the right, with one exception. Afier checking traffic ahead and through both mirrors, check the blind-spot area over your right shoulder. Take only a glance to make the check.

Right Be careful not to pull the steering wheel to the right as you turn to glance over your right shoulder. Keep steering straight as you check your blind spot. If the lane is clear, complete the lane change to the right the same way you would make a lane change to the left.


Name


$ - 2 u L L

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,j


- Date

Hand-Over-Hand Steering

a 1. Begin the turn from a balanced hand position.

0 2. Start pulling down to the left with your left hand. Your right hand pushes the wheel toward the left about a quarter turn.

Q 3. Release your left hand from the wheel and cross it over your right hand to grasp the wheel near the top. Continue pulling down.

4. You can con~plete the turn by continuing to pull down with the left hand as you release the right hand.

Some steering wheels will straighten after a turn if you relax your grip. However, be ready to unwind the wheel hand-over-hand, especially at lower speeds, with front- wheel drive vehicles, and when backing.

Push-PLIII Steering

Some drivers prefer push-pull steering for some maneuvers. This method allows you to keep both hands on the wheel at all times.

a 1. One hand grasps the steering wheel near the 4 o'clock (right hand) or 8 (left hand) o'clock position.

Q 2. That hand then pushes the wheel up to near the 12 o'clock position. At the same time, the other hand slides up to the 1 1 or 1 o'clock position and pulls down.

Q 3. As the pulling hand comes down, the pushing hand returns to the original position to continue the process. With this method, you never cross your arms while driving.

Name Date


Procedures for Turning

a 1. Position your vehicle in the correct lane for the turn. For a right turn, be in lane position 3 if there are no parked vehicles For a left turn, be in the lane nearest the centcr line in lane position 2. (On a one- way street, bc in the far left lane.) Signal about half a block bcfore the turn.

0 2. Brake early to reduce speed.

D 3. Use your visual search pattern to check the front zones for vehicles, pedestrians, and bicyclists.

0 4. Slow to about 10 mph just before the crosswalk.

0 5. For a right turn, check to the left again before turning. Then look in the direction of the turn. Begin turning the wheel when your vehicle's front bumper is even with the curbline.

0 6. For a left turn, check traffic to the left, then right, then left again. Turn the steering wheel just before the front of your vehicle reaches the center of' the intersection. Continue looking lert into the lane you will enter.

As you begin your turn, make a quick blind-spot check through the right side window. Check front and rear zones. If the intersection is clear, turn into the nearest lane of traffic going in your direction. Accelerate about halfway through the turn as you return the wheel to the straight- ahead position.


Name


Backing Left and Right When backing to the left, your visual search will primarily be over your left shoulder through the left side windows. When backing right, you will look over your right shoulder and through the right side windows. Use hand-over-hand steering and follow these steps to make sharp turns when backing:

9 1. Before backing, check for traffic, pedestrians, parked vehicles, and any stationary objects in front, around. and

Backing Leff Backing Right behind you. Turn your head toward the direction you will be backing.

0 2. Keep both hands on the wheel, ready for hand-over-hand steering. Pull the wheel to the left to back left. Pull the wheel to the right to back right. The back of your vehicle will go in the direction you want the vehicle to go.

0 3. Back slowly as you enter the turn. Make quick glances to the front and sides to be sure no one is near. Begin to unwind the steering wheel to finish the turn in a straight position.

When backing left, allow a wide space on the right side. The front wheels will move far to the right of the sear wheels. The front of your vehicle will swing wide to the right. When backing right, allow a wide space on the left side.


Name Date


Midblock U-turn

Make sure local and state laws permit this type of turnabout. You need a wide space to make a U-turn.

a 1. Check traffic ahead and to the rear, and then signal right. Pull to the far right and stop at location 1.

a 2. Signal left and move toward location 2.

D 3. Check your front and left-rear zones. Check your left blind spot. Turn sharply left while moving slowly toward location 3. Do not stop if you have enough space to complete the turn.

a 4. Move slowly toward location 4. Check all zones. Straighten the wheels while you accelerate gently into the proper lane.

Back into Driveway on Right Side

Make sure local and state laws permit this type of turnabout.

a 1. Check traffic to the rear. Begin to slow as you proceed beyond the driveway.

a 2. Stop about three feet from the curb and with your rear bumper just beyond the driveway. Check traffic, and back slowly to the right to location 3. Use hand-over-hand steering. Stop when your vehicle is completely off the street.

a 3. Signal a left turn. Check traffic

a 4. When your path is clear, drive forward to location 4.

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Name Date


Pull into Driveway on Left Side


0 1. Check traffic in front and rear zones. Signal a left turn arid use the left-turn procedure to move to location 2. Stay as close to the right side as possible. Stop with your wheels straight when your vehicle is completely off the street.

a 2. Check traffic again, especially from the right. Back slowly to the right to location 3. Look to the right rear and side while backing. Stop with the wheels straight.

a 3. Accelerate gently, scanning all zones, as you drivc forward toward location 4.

Pull into Driveway on Right Side


U 1. Check traffic in front and rear zones. Signal a right turn and usc the right-turn procedure to move to location 2. Stop when your vehicle is off the street.

0 2. Check traffic again from both dircctions. Back slowly across the street, turning left toward location 3. Look to the left, rear, and side when backing. Glance to the front, then continue looking back while stopping with the wheels straight in location 3.

3. Accclcrate gently, and drive forward to location 4.

C

Instructor3 Notes and Comments m a c

Name Date


Three-Point Turnabout

Make sure local and state laws permit this type of turnabout. This turnabout is hazardous to perform. Executing this maneuver may put you in a high-risk situation.

a 1. From location 1 check front and rear zones. Signal right and stop close to the curb as shown in location 2. Check traffic ahead to the rear, and over your left shoulder. Signal a left turn.

a 2. Search front and rear zones as you turn sharply left. Move to location 3 with wheels straight. Stop before hitting the curb.

a 3. Check all traffic again. Turn the wheels sharply right while backing slowly to location 4. Back only as far as necessary to complete the maneuver and before hitting the curb. Stop with wheels straight.

D 4. Check traffic again and signal left. Move slowly forward while steering left toward location 5.


Name Date


Angle Parking

D 1. Check for traffic and pedestrians. Position your vehicle at least six feet from the row of parked vehicles. Signal a right turn, check traffic to the rear, and begin braking.

2. Flash your brake lights to warn drivers behind. Check your right blind spot and continue braking.

D 3. Creep forward until you can see the center of the space without your line of sight cutting across the parking line. This is your reference point to begin turning. Turn the wheels sharply to the right. Slowly enter the stall.

4. Straighten the wheels when you are centered in the space. Determine your forward reference point to place the front of the bumper even with the curb or parking line.


Name -


Date

Perpendicular Parking

0 1. Position your vehicle at least eight feet from the row of parked vehicles, or as far to the left of the lane as possible. Flash your brake lights and signal a right turn. Check your right blind spot, and begin to brake.

a 2. Check traffic to the rear, and continue braking.

0 3. Determine your personal reference point to know when the front bumper of your vehicle passes the left rear taillight of the vehicle to the right of the empty parking space. Turn the wheel sharply right. Slowly enter the stall. Check your right-rear fender for clearance.

a 4. Straighten the wheels when you are centered in the space. Use a forward reference point, like the driver's side-view mirror, to stop before the wheels strike the curb.


Name Date


Angle

Leaving an Angle or Perpendicular Space

Your view often will be blocked as you begin to back into moving traffic. Back slowly. Look to the rear and to the sides as you search for other roadway users and pedestrians.

0 1. Creep straight back while you control speed with your foot brake. (Hold the clutch at the friction point in a stickshift vehicle. )

0 2. When your front bumper is even with the rear bumper of the vehicle on your left, begin to turn right.

0 3. Back into the nearest lane and stop with the wheels straight. Shift to a forward gear and proceed as you scan your front and rear zones.

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Perpendicular

Name Date

Performiiig Basic Vehicle Maneuvers

Parallel Parking

Select a space that is five to six feet longer than your vehicle. During the maneuver, the front of your vehicle will swing far to the left. Check over your left shoulder to be sure this needed space is clear.

a 1. Flash brake lights, and signal a right turn. Stop two to three feet away from the front vehicle with the two rear bumpers even. Shift to REVERSE. Check traffic. Look back over your right shoulder. Back slowly as you turn right. Aim toward the right-rear corner of the space. Control speed with your foot brake (clutch at friction point in a stickshift vehicle).

a 2. When the back of your seat is even with the rear bumper of the front vehicle, straighten the wheels. Determine your personal reference point for this position. Slowly back straight. Look over your shoulder, through the rear window.

a 3. When your front bumper is even with the front vehicle's back bumper, turn your wheels sharply left. Back slowly. Look out the rear window.

a 4. When your vehicle is parallel to the curb, straighten wheels and stop before you touch the vehicle behind. Develop reference points to know your distance from the curb and from the vehicle behind you, Slowly pull forward to center your vehicle in the space.



- Date

Leaving a Parallel Parking Space You are responsible for avoiding a collision when leaving a parallel parking space. Yield to all traffic.

Q 1. Back straight slowly until your rear bumper allnost touches the vehicle behind.

2. Signal a lefi turn. Turn wheels sharply left. Check your left blind spot. Move forward slowly.

U 3. Check lhe right-front corner of your vehicle for clearance.

4. Turn your wheels slowly to the right when you are halfway out of the parking space. Scan front zones and accelerate gently as you center your vehicle in the traffic lane.


Name Date


I--) Uphill Parking with a Curb

D 1. Using personal reference points. position your vehicle close to the curb. Just beforc stopping, turn the steering wheel sharply left.

0 2. Shift to NEUTRAL. Let the vchlcle creep back slowly until the back of thc right- front tire gently touches the curb.

D 3. Shift to PARK (FIRST in a stickshift), and set the parking brake.

U 4. When leaving the parking space, signal, check traffic, and accelerate gently into the lane of traffic.

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1. Pull as far off the roadway as possible. Just before you stop, turn the steering wheel sharply right.

a 2. Shift to PARK (FIRST in a stickshift), and set the parking brake.

3. When leaving the parking space, let the vehicle creep backward while straightening the wheels. Signal and check traffic. Shift to DRIVE (FIRST in a stickshift), and accelerate gently into traffic.

Instructorb Notes and Comments

Date


rp-- Downhill Parking with a Curb

5 1. Position your vehicle closc to the curb and stop.

B 2. Let the vehicle creep forward slowly wtlilc turning the steering wheel sharply right. Let the right-front tire rest gently against the curb.

A 0 3. Shift to PARK (REVERSE in a stickshift). and set the parking brake.

a 4. When leaving the parking space, check traffic and back a short distance while straightening the wheels. Signal and check traffic again. Shift to DRIVE (FIRST jn a stickshift), and accelerate into traffic.

i-- ---̂I Downhill Parking with No Curb

5 1. Follow the same procedure as downhill parking with a curb. Turn wheels sharply right as you creep as near to the shouldcr as possible.

5 2. Shift to PARK (REVERSE in a stickshift), and set the parking brake.

3. When leaving thc parking space, use the same procedures as downhill parking with a curb.


Name Date


Starting on a Hill (Using Automatic Transmission) One method for starting on a hill without rolling back involves using the parking brake.

0 1. While holding the foot brake down, set the parking brake firmly.

B 2. Move your h o t to the accelerator, and accelerate until you feel the engine start to pull.

0 3. Release the parking brake as you continue to accelerate.

A second method for starting on a hill involves using only the foot brake:

1. Hold the foot brake down with your lefi foot.

D 2. While still holding the foot brake with your lctt foot, accelerate gradually until the engine starts to pull.

D 3. Release the foot brake gently as you increase acceleration to move forward.


Name __


Car Stops Here 1 iP Point of No Return

Point of No Return

40 mph

__ Date

Searching an Intersection

u 1. Locate the intersection in order to identify a safe path of travel.

2. Determine if you have an open zone for your intended path of travel into and through the intersection. Search the left- front, front, and right-front zones.

a 3. Look for line-of-sight restrictions that will prevent you from seeing if your intended path of travel will be safe. Search for changes in the zones.

u 4. When you are within 4 to 6 seconds of the intersection, widen your searching pattern to include Inore information from the right and left of your path of travel. If your front zone is clear, keep moving. If not, prepare to stop or change your path of travel.

a 5. When you identify a line-of-sight restriction, perform a search of that area. Turn your head 45 degrees to the right or left to see beyond the line-of-sight restriction. Briefly pause at each zone to detect objects in that location.

a 6 . Continue ahead if the traffic light is green, or if the intersection has no signals or signs, and the front, right-front, and left- front zones are open.

7. If your path of travel is clear, continue searching the left-front, front, and right- front zones for a path of travel change or line-of-sight restriction.

a 8. Once you have passed the point-of-no- return (the point beyond which you can no longer stop safely without entering the intersection), continue through the intersection.

a * ' e , " , " . ~ " * . " " " , , * ' ~ . > - ' ' , - * . . < e > * * . * . - e.


Name Date


Approachiqg a Curve

When you approach a curve, follow these steps:

0 1. See the curve in your target area.

0 2. Check your sear zone.

0 3. Check your left-front zone for oncoming traffic.

U 4. Check your right-front zone to determine if it is open or closed to your line of sight and path of travel.

U 5. Stay in lane position 1.

0 6 . If the curve is sharp, lightly apply your brakes before you turn the steering wheel.

0 7. As you get closer to the curve, look in the direction the road curves. See if your path of travel is going to be open.

0 8. Once you are beyond the midpoint of the curve, begin to accelerate gently if conditions pennit.

0 9. Evaluate your new target area and search for zone changes.

. . , ~ : ~ _ * ~ ~ ^ " s ~ ~ . B " ~ * ~ < " ~ . ~ > . ~ . ~ 1 * i > l ~ l ~ ~ 1 ~ * ~ d . . ~ ~ ~ ~ " * ~ ~ * * * ~ * * ~ s . * * * ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ " a ~ * ~ * ~ ~ ~ ~ . * * * * . * ~ * > . * % , " . . , . " - . > ? ,


Name Dale


Executing a Pass on Two-Lane Roads

a 1. Get in your ready position by keeping at least 3 seconds of following distance.

a 2. When i t is safe to pass, signal for a Icft- lane change and glance over your lcft shoulder to check your blindspot.

a 3. Change lanes smoothly.

a 4. Accelerate at least 10 lnph faster than the vehicle you are passing. Allp~rs.\it1g slroulu' he done within the speed litnit.

a 5. Make your final evaluations. If you notice a problem that is within 20-30 seconds ahcad, you can stiIl change your mind-- provided you have not gone beyond the vchicle you are trying to pass. If i t is clear, continue to accelerate to the proper speed.

a 6. Maintain your speed. Remain in the left lane until you can see two headlights of the vehicle you are passing in your inside rearview mirror.

a 7. Signal for a right-lane change.

a 8. Return smoothly to the right lane. Do not slow down.

9. Cancel the signal. Adjust your speed and vehicle's lane position.

If you are passing a large truck, you will need more time a.nd space. It is a good idea to make sure that you have at least 30 seconds of clear space when passing a large truck.

Instructor's Notes and Comments -

Name Dale

Driving on Expressways

Steps for Entering

a 1. Make sure the entrance is the one you want. Look for a red and white WRONG WAY

or DO NOT LJ\~T[:R sign.

a 2. Once on the entrance ramp, check your front and rear zones. Signal and take quick glailces through your left outside rearview mirror and over your left shoulder to find a gap in traffic where you can safely merge. Look for an entrance ramp signal light and be prepared to stop if it is red.

a 3. Once you are in the acceleration lane, gradually increase your speed. Continue to quickly glance over your left shoulder and through your outside rearbiew mirror. Decide when it is a safe time and place to merge into the gap in traffic.

a 4. Before entering the merging area, decide which vehi'cle to follow in the flow of the expressway traffic. As you enter the merging area, adjust your speed to match the traffic flow. Position your vehicle at a safe interval bchind the vehicle you plan to follow. Merge smoothly.

a 5. Once on the expressway, cancel your signal and maintain the speed of traffic. Keep a space cushion around your vehicle.

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Name ---- Date


Lane Changing

Avoid changing lanes too often. Unnecessary weaving from one lane to another can lead to a collision.

a 1. Change lanes one lane at a time. Signal every lane change, whether or not other vehicles are present.

U 2. Check traffic in both rear view mirrors. Check the blind-spot area in the direction you want to move.

a 3. If your path is clear, accelerate gently and move to the next lane.

a 4. Cancel your signal after you have changed lanes.

~ n _ f ~ l l " * B ~ l ~ * \ ~ l e i ~ e ~ l * ~ * ~ ~ ~ * ~ " ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ * " . . s ~ ~ l * ~ * " . . . . . 1 . . 1 ~ ~ ~ , ~ * ~ , ~ * ~ . * ~ . * ~ ~ , ~ ~ ~ * ~ ~ * ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ * ~ ~ ~ * * * . o ~ ~ ~ ~ o * ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ * ~ ~ . ~ .


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28

In-Car

Steps for Exiting

u 1. At least one-half mile before the exit, check front and rear zones for traffic. Signal and move into lane position 3 in the lane that leads into the deceleration lane. Change only one lane at a time. Avoid last- second decisions and sudden moves. Do not reduce your speed until you are in the deceleration lane.

2. Move into the deceleration lane. Cancel your signal.

u 3. Flash your brake lights to warn drivers behind that you are slowing. Check your rear zones so you will know the speed of following traffic. Slow gradually and keep a safe space cushion ahead and behind you.

u 4. Identify the exit-ramp speed sign. Check your own speed and adjust to the posted speed limit. Predict a STOP or YIELD sign at the end of the exit ramp.

Be alert when entering traffic on a local highway or street after leaving the expressway. Expect two-way traffic, pedestrians, intersections, and the need for lower speeds. Check your speedometer frequently and be alert for the typical hazards of two-way streets and roads.

. i ~ B d X I I L l l s . . . l e e l ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ s ~ ~ m + ~ , e ~ e ~ e A ~ ~ e ' b U 1 1 S X 1 - 8


Date 29

In-Car

Driving in Adverse Conditions Practice in an empty parking lot, or have the student explain the correct procedure.

Rear-Wheel Skid

If you are steering straight and your vchicle starts to move off target to the left or right, you probably are just starting a rear-wheel skid. This skid can be caused by using too much power or braking on slick surfaces. The instant this skid starts, take these actions:

a 1. Release your accelerator or brakc. Shift to NEIJTRAL, or depress your clutch pedal in a stickshift vehicle.

a 2. Steer quickly and precisely in the direction your vehicle needs to go. On a straight road, steer for your target and intended path of travel. Be careful not to overcorrect for the skid by steering too much.

11 3. The rearend of your vehicle probably will continue to slide a little from s ~ d e to side, or fisl~tnil, after you have corrected the initial skid. Stcer and countersteer in the direction your vehicle needs to go. As your speed drops, your control will increase.

This illustratio~l shows how you can provide precise, smooth, continuous steering actions to correct a fishtail skid sequence.


Name Date 30

In-Car

Driving in Adverse Conditions Practice in an empty parking lot, or have the student explain the correct procedure.

Controlled Braking

For a vehlcle without an antdock braklng system (ABS), use controlled braking to reduce your speed as quickly a!j possible while maintaining

\ ; i steering control of your vehicle. Controlled braking is a technique of applying your brakes to slow or stop quickly without locklng your wheels.

a 1. Wlth the heel of your foot on the floor, let the ball of your foot press your brake pedal. You must press hard enough to slow your vehicle rapidly without locklng your wheels.

a 2. If your whheels lock and your vehicle skids. ease up on your brake pedal just enough to let your wheels start rolling.

a 3. Keep using this squeeze-relax a little- squeeze process until you stop.

An ABS-equipped vehicle uses a computer to prevent its wheels from locking---even in an emergency stop. If your vehicle has an ABS, just press the brake pedal as hard as you can in an emergency. You may feel little pulses through the brake pedal or he,ar the ABS at work. Don't let up on the brake pedal; maintain firm pressure until you stop. Also remember, ABS vehicles will allow you to steer and brake at the same time. They will not enable yo11 lo stop in a .vhor-ter distance.


Name Date

Handling Emergencies Have the student explain the correct procedures for these emergency situations.

1 Blowout I

u 1. Grip the steering wheel firmly. l

2. Ease up on the accelerator to slow the car. Do not brake. Braking can cause the vehicle to swerve. Let the car slow gradually.

# 3. Check t:he traffic situation as you gain control of the vehicle.

4. Drive off the roadway slowly, braking gently.

# 5. Turn on hazard flashers. Drive slowly to stop location.

Total Brake Failure

1. Pump the brake pedal. Pumping might temporarily restore enough brake-fluid pressure to slow or stop your vehicle. You will know after three or four pumps if your brakes are going to hold.

0 2. Downshift to a lower gear. This uses the braking power of the engine to slow.

U 3. Pull and hold the parking-brake release lever out or hold the parking-brake button at "Oil? Apply the parking brake. You can quickly release the parking brake for a moment if the vehicle begins to skid.

0 4. Search for an open zone. You can still steer. As a last resort, rub the wheels against a curb to reduce speed. If a collision is unavoidable, steer for a sideswipe rather than colliding head-on into something solid.


Name Date 32

In-Car

Handling Emergencies Have the student explain the correct procedures for these emergency situations.

Stuck Accelerator

a 1. Kick the side of the accelerator once to try to jar it frcc.

a 2. Apply the brakes.

a 3. Choose an cscape path that lcads to an open zone off the roadway. Continue braking.

a 4. If you are siccring into a sharp curve or turn, shift to NEUTRAL. Depress the clutch in a stickshift vehicle. The engine will race, but power is removed from the wheels. Yuu might damage the enginc or transmission in an automatic transmission, but you might also avoid a collision.

a 5. Follow your escape path off the roadway.

a 6. Turn off the: ignition once you are off the roadway.

_ * I * * * s ~ - " B % a $ s * * a * s b e * " * * * S & , * * 8 . s s " * - "

Engine Failure

a 1. Shift to NEUTRAL when the engine first sputters or stops.

2. Begin moving out of traffic to the nearest shoulder. Turn on the hazard flashers. Do not brake.

U 3. Try to restart the engine while you are moving. If the engine starts, shift to a forward geiar and proceed. If it does not start, move onto the shoulder or to thc - a C

curb, if possible. Steering will be harder C o e * s > s - * < , * : - . ' " ,,.., ~ - . ~ * . 4 s s ~ * - . e * > * n " " + e ~ " * * ~ + - * % z 9 ~ " ~ ~ .

- when power is lost by engine failurc. Try

m 3 D

Instructor's Notes and Comnients again to start the engine. W C O LO

0 4. If the engine still fails to start. raise the m a 6)

hood and leave the hazard flashers on. Go for help. If you have a cellular phone, use it to secure assistance.

Name Date

Handling Emergencies Practice on a lightly traveled 2-lane road or in a vacant parking lot. Executing an Emergency Swerve

Follow these steps if you decide to swerve:

0 1. Identify the escape path.

11 2. Grip the steering wheel firmly and turn the wheel sharply in the direction of the swerve.

a 3. In the same rhythmic motion, countersteer to stabilize your vehicle. Straighten the wheel, and continue to steer in your path.

The amount of time available to swerve determines how sharply you must swerve. Consider two factors-distance and speed-when determining how much time is available.

a. When the stopped car or object is closer, you must swerve sharply.

b. When the stopped car is farther away, the swerve will be less severe.

c. The swerve is less sharp at a greater distance.


Name Date

Handling Emergencies Practice on a lightly traveled two-lane road with a shoulder in good condition.

Off-Road Recovery

a 1. Hold the steering wheel firmly on the top half with both hands. The greater the drop- off between roadway and shoulder, the greater amount of steering control you need. Keep your vehicle heading straight toward your target.

a 2. Let up on the accelerator and brake gently to 5 or 10 mph. Avoid hard braking.

a 3. Position your vehicle so it straddles the roadway edge.

U 4. Select a place to return to the roadway where the shoulder is nearest the level of the roadway.

a 5. Check for traffic. Signal, check your blind spot, and return to the roadway.

a 6. Steer sharply toward the roadway to return. If the drop-off is severe, you might need to slow more and turn very sharply to get back onto the pavement.

a 7. Countersteer sharply the instant the front tire touches the roadway. You countersteer when you steer in the opposite direction.

a 8. Center the vehicle in lane position 1 and reestablish your target. Cancel your signal. Accelerate to match the flow of traffic.


Name Date --

Handling Emergencies IIavc the student explain the correct procedure for various situations to avoid a collision.

Threat of a Head-on Collision

0 1. Maintain vehicle control. Brake hard, but do not lock the wheels. Slowing lessens the force of impact and gives the other driver space and time to recover control.

0 2. Blow the horn and flash the headlights. These actions might alert an impaired driver. Continue braking and move to the right if the driver does not heed your warning.

a 3. Steer right toward the shoulder. Do not steer Iefi. The other driver likely will try to steer back into the proper lane. Prepare to drive entirely off the roadway to the right, if necessary.

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Instructor's Notes a~ id Comments

Name Date --

Handling Emergencies Practice on a lightly traveled two-lane road with a shoulder in good condition.

Threat of a Side-Impact Collision

Take these actions if you are threatened with a side-impact collision:

a 1. Brake or accclcratc quickly. Do whichever seems more likely to lessen the collisiotl impact.

a 2. Blow the horn to alert the other driver.

a 3. Change lanes or swerve away from the impact. Be aware of the constantly changing traffic situation around you.

rear-end collision:

u 1. Flash your brake lights early to alert the driver behind you.

2. As the vehicle nears, check your front zones for open space and move forward if possible. This precaution gives the driver approaching from the rear more time and space to stop safely.

a 3. If the intersection is clear, accelerate to give the other driver more space to stop. If your path is not clear, turn right.

a 4. If a collision is unavoidable, release your brakes just 'before the collision occurs.

1 P

This helps soften the impact. Brake immediately after the collision to avoid sliding into another traffic lane.


Take these actions if you are threatened with a

I Threat of a Rear-End Collision

Name Date

Manual Trai~smission

Starting the Engine

a 1. Be sure the parking brake is set.

I - a 2. Press the clutch pedal to the floor with your left foot.

a 3. Put thc gear-shift lever in NEUTRAJ .

O 4. Turn on ignition switch and check warning lights

5. T~lrn the key forward until the engine starts. then release it.


a 1. Press the clutch pedal to the Aoor.

a 2. Move the gear-shift lever to FIRST.

3. Depress the foot brake and release the parking brake.

a 4. Check traffic ahead and in rearview mirrors. If you are moving away from the curb. glance over your left shoulder to see if any vehicle is approaching from the rear.

a 5. Use the turn signal to alert other drivers.

a 6. If the roadway is clear, accelerate gently and gradually and release the clutch slowly to thc friction point. Releasing the clutch suddenly causes the vehicle to jerk forward or stall the engine.

a 7. Hold the clutch momentarily at the friction point until the vehicle starts to move

0 8. Continue gradual acceleration, and let the clutch up all the way.

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Name Date

Manual Transn~issioii

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Stopping from FIRST, SECOND, or REVERSE ~~ -- -~ - .- -~ u I. Check traffic in mirrors.

0 2. Press the clutch pedal down while releasing the accelerator.

0 3. Tap the brake pedal lightly to signal for a /.- stop.

2 . 4. Press the foot brake gently to a stop.

I I 1

2

, // /'

,,,' I .- -~ 1

/I< ,"

,' 1,

3

5. Shift to NEUTRAL when stopped.

. . " * l . ~ l . * . ~ . ~ e l . ~ * 1 . . l . . ~ . l ~ * * I * I ~ . ~ B L . + ~ ' . ~ ~ ~ * ~ * * s ~ * * .


- - ',

Shifting from FIRST to SECOND

At about 10 to 15 mph, follow these steps to shift from FIRST to SECOND.

0 1. Press the clutch down and release the accelerator at the same time.

a 2. Move the gear-shift lever to SECOND. Pause slightly as you go across NEUTRAL into SECOND. This action helps you shift more smoothly.

0 3. Accelerate gently as you slowly release the clutch. Hesitate briefly at the friction point, then release the clutch all the way.

Name Date

Manual Transmission

Shifting to THIRD, FOURTH, and FIFTH

Once you have accelerated to the higher-speed ranges described for THIRD, FOURTH, and FIFTH

gears, follow these steps for shifting:

a 1. Press the clutch down.

a 2. Release the accelerator.

a 3. Shift to the desired gear. Do not hurry the shift or you may shift to the wrong gear.

4. Accelerate gradually while releasing the clutch smoothly.

Stopping from Higher Gears

When stopping from THIRD, FOURTH, Or FIFTH, - slow down before depressing the clutch. The

engine helps slow the vehicle.

a 1. Check the mirrors for traffic.

a 2. Let up on the accelerator.

3. Tap the brake to signal a stop.

4. Brake to about 15 to 20 mph.

u 5. Press the clutch pedal down.

6. Brake to a smooth stop.

a 7. Shift to NEVTRAI. when stopped.

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Instructor~s Notes and Comments

Name Date

Manual Transmission

Downshifting If you have slowed below 30 mph in FOURTH gear, or if you are going uphill, you must downshift to THIRD in order to regain speed.

U 1. Press the clutch pedal down and shift to THIRD. Accelerate gradually while releasing the clutch.

2. Accelerate to over 30 mph. Press the clutch pedal and shift back to FOURTH gear. If you are going uphill, you may have to stay in THIRD gear longer.

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4 REVISED TENTH EDITION - Home - Delsea … · iv Sample Parent Letter 1 v Helpful Hints for Home...

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Transcript of 4 REVISED TENTH EDITION - Home - Delsea … · iv Sample Parent Letter 1 v Helpful Hints for Home...