4. Family Values

8/8/2019 4. Family Values

1/13

Parlindungan Pardede

Universitas Kristen Indonesia Jakarta


2/13

FAMILY IS THE BASIC UNIT AND ONE OF THE MOST

IMPORTANT INSTITUTIONS IN A SOCIETY

FAMILY

NUCLEAR

EXTENDED

MORE COMMON IN USA,

ESPECIALLY FOR THOSE

BORN IN THE COUNTRY

MORE COMMON INOLDER GENERATIONS,

OR THOSE MIGRATED TO

THE U.S.


3/13

SPECIAL VALUES OF AMERICAN FAMILYSPECIAL VALUES OF AMERICAN FAMILY

A FAMILY PRIMARY PURPOSE IS TO ADVANCE THEA FAMILY PRIMARY PURPOSE IS TO ADVANCE THE

HAPPINESS OF ITS INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS. THUS,HAPPINESS OF ITS INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS. THUS,

THE NEEDS OF EACH INDIVIDUAL TAKE PRIORITY INTHE NEEDS OF EACH INDIVIDUAL TAKE PRIORITY IN

THE LIFE OF THE FAMILYTHE LIFE OF THE FAMILY

MAIN RESPONSIBILITY OF A FAMILY MEMBERS ISMAIN RESPONSIBILITY OF A FAMILY MEMBERS IS

NOTNOTTO ADVANCE THE FAMILYS (AS A GROUP)TO ADVANCE THE FAMILYS (AS A GROUP)

ECONOMY, SOCIALECONOMY, SOCIAL--ROLE, AND HONOR, BUT TOROLE, AND HONOR, BUT TO

REALIZE THE MEMBERS HAPPINESS.REALIZE THE MEMBERS HAPPINESS. ARISTOCRACY KEEPS ON DIMMING FROMARISTOCRACY KEEPS ON DIMMING FROM

AMERICAN SOCIETY.AMERICAN SOCIETY.


4/13

A NEWBORN BABY IS PUT IN A SEPARATE ROOM THAT BELONGSONLY TO THE CHILD IN ORDER TO PRESERVE PARENTS PRIVACY

AND TO DEVELOP THE CHILDS PERSONAL INDEPENDENCEAND

INDIVIDUALISM

COMMON EXPRESSIONS: CHILDREN SHOULD

(1) cut the (umbilical) cord(2) not to be tied to their mothers apron strings.

(3) learn to look out for number one

(4) to stand on their own two feet.

AMERICAN CHILDRENARE SOON TAUGHT TOMAKE DECISIONS

AND BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIRACTIONS. THEYARE

ENCOURAGED TO WORK FOR MONEY OUTSIDE THE HOMEAS A

FIRST STEP TO ESTABLISHINGAUTONOMY. 9-10 YEAR OLD

CHILDRENMAY DELIVER NEWSPAPERS IN THEIR NEIGHBORHOODS

AND SAVE OR SPEND THEIR EARNINGS. TEENAGERS (13 TO 18

YEARS) BABY-SIT AT NEIGHBORS HOMES


5/13

o BETWEEN 18 AND 21 YEARS CHILDREN ARE ENCOURAGED,

BUT NOT FORCE, TO LEAVE THEIR NEST AND BEGIN AN

INDEPENDENT LIFEHAVING THEIR OWN SOCIAL

RELATIONSHIPS AND FINANCIAL SUPPORT OUTSIDE THE

FAMILY.o CHILDREN CHOOSE THEIR OWN SPOUSESUSUALLY

BASED ON ROMANTIC LOVE. PARENTS DO NOT ARRANGE

MARRIAGES FOR CHILDREN, NOR DO CHILDREN USUALLY

ASK PERMISSION OF THEIR PARENTS TO GET MARRIED.

o AMERIC

ANS WILLINGNESS TO TRY SO

METHING NEW, THEURGE TO BE JACK-OF-ALL-TRADES, SELF RELIANCE, AND

INDEPENDENCE DRIVE A CHILD TO CHOOSE A CAREER

THAT IS DIFFERENT FROM ONES FATHER


6/13

FOUR STAGES OFMARRIAGE DEVELOPMENT IN USA

(sociological view)

19th Century: Wife as Servant to Husband; Wives werecompletely obedient, wife beating was legal up to 1850, wiveshad no power to make decisions in the family wivespossession & earning belonged to husbands, women were notallowed to vote.

Late 19th Century-early 20th Century: Husband-head, Wife-helper; women began to work outside of the house & becamemore independent, wives had more power to make decisions inthe family, women were allowed to vote (1920)

20th century: Husband-Senior Partner, Wife-Junior partner;More and more women worked outside of the house and their

incomes were very important to maintain the family standard ofliving, wives power was almost equal to their husbands.

1960now: Husband-Wife Equal Partners; The WomenLiberation movement (1960s) legally ended all forms of sexualdiscriminations, husbands and wives equally share duties toprovide family needs and to deal with household works andchild rising.


7/13

THE ELDERLY

AMERICAN SENIOR CITIZENS CHOOSE TO LIVE IN

NURSING HOMES OR RETIREMENT COMMUNITIES

BECAUSE: (1) U.S. SOCIAL SECURITY OR

WELFARE SYSTEMS FINANCIALLY SUPPORT THEELDERLY; (2) IN NURSING HOMES THEY WILL

FIND PEER GROUP ASSOCIATION WITHIN THEIR

OWN AGE GROUP; AMERICANS GLORIFICATION

OF YOUTH AND INDIFFERENCE TO THE AGED

THIS SEPARATION OF THE ELDERLY FROM THE

YOUNG HAS LEFT MANY OLDER PEOPLE

ALIENATED AND ALONE.


8/13

CHANGES IN AMERICAN FAMILY

Decrease of the size of the family.

Growing number of working mothers Increased rates of separation and divorce ( of marriages) for the

reasons of unhappiness and having irreconcilable matters.

Older generation believes couples should sacrifice their individualhappiness for their childrens sake, but younger generation thinksunhappy couples shouldn't stay married for the sake of children since

unhappy marriages donot contribute to childrens happiness. Growing number of single-parent families, remarried parents, and

communal lifestyles (though four out of five divorced couple eventuallyremarry other people)

1) (TRADITIONAL): THE CHANGES REPRESENTA BREAKDOWNIN THE FAMILY STRUCTURE,A DISINTEGRATION OF VALUES,AND A DECLINE OFMORALITY.

2) (CONTEMPORARY): THE CHANGES ARE INEVITABLE ANDPOSITIVE, BECAUSE THEYARE NECESSARY TO ADAPT TOARAPIDLY CHANGING SOCIETY, BELIEVE THESE SHIFTS IN

FAMILY STRUCTURE

TWO CONTRASTIVE VIEWS ON CHANGES IN AMERICAN FAMILY:


9/13

SIZE OF AMERICAN FAMILIES

7.2

6.25.6

4.8 5.1

3.22.6

0

1

2

3

4

5

67

8

Nu

b

o

h

d

n

1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 1996 2002

Year


10/13


11/13

FACTS ABOUT WORKING WOMEN

More than 50 % of American women are partof the labor force

Women hold more than 1/3 of all jobs in theU.S.

Womens major professions are in education,clerical and service jobs.

85 % of elementary school teachers arewomen

50 % of secondary school teachers arewomen


12/13

WORKING MOTHERS IN THE U.S.

14

2227

3034 36

43

5258

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Percentage

1940 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985

YEARS


13/13

THE END

THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF FKIP UKI

JAKARTA

2007

THANK YOU

4. Family Values

Documents

Transcript of 4. Family Values