4. Cultural Beliefs & Practices June 09

8/13/2019 4. Cultural Beliefs & Practices June 09

1/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 1

CULTURALBELIEFS

ANDPRACTICES

R.C. Ngalande

UPG 2010

DATE: JUNE 2010


2/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 2

Purpose

Midwives need torecognise

respect

appreciate

the positive aspect of the folk health

system in order to provide comprehensive

therapeutic and meaningful healthservices to clients and their families


3/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 3

GROUP WORK1. Identify 2 harmful and 2 harmless cultural beliefs, and practices

from each region related to Pregnancy, L&D and puerperium

2. Discuss the benefits and risks of the identified practices and

environmental issues

3. Describe the strategies midwives can use to reinforce and

discourage the harmful practices

4. Explain the challenges of culture of a professional midwife


4/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 4

Objectives

1. Define the following terms

a. Cultureb. Acculturation

c. Assimilation

d. Cultural Imposition

e. Cultural Exclusion

f. Trans-cultureg. Ethnocentrism

2. Explain the trans-cultural theory and its significance

3. Differentiate profession and folk health care systems

4. Explain how a midwife would assess cultural system

of a client

5. Discuss how midwives can develop cultural

awareness in the community they work

6. Discuss environmental issues that influence the outcome of

pregnancy


5/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 5

Definition of Some Terms

Culture:Acquired knowledge people use to interpretexperiences and is passed and consists of 3overlapping factors; shared characteristics,tradition and beliefs

Accultiration:

Process of reforming ones cultural beliefscustoms because of mixing with other people

Assimilation:

Process of loosing cultural identity to a biggergroup


6/27


7/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 7

Definition Of Some Terms cont.

Traditions:

These are practices that have been

maintained for a long time and ispassed down to children by parents

through socialization issues passed

on are language, habits, values,

beliefs and rules of behavior


8/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 8

Definition Of Some Terms cont

Ethnocentrism:Assumption that own beliefs are the best and aresuperior therefore it creates rigidity and lack oftrying other things

Cultural Imposition:

Ones values, beliefs and practices that havebeen, imposed on you/ client

Cultural Exclusion:

Conscious or unconscious omission of cultural

values and practices as they are viewed asinferior, incompetent, too difficult for an individual


9/27


10/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 10

Significance

Cultural factors are one major force

that influence quality of care

Lack of inclusion of culture in care

creates a gap that reduce mothers

using health facilities


11/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 11

Culture Of PovertyDeveloped by Lewis in 1966

Provides with designs of living

A set of solution to problems, attitude values for individualsto adapt and survive within the culture

Victims of poverty suffer from personality handicaps thatmay lead to persistent to lack of change and can affectlifestyle

The belief system differ with that of care givers as they areviewed to be in middle class as the latter do react whengiving the services


12/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 12

CharacteristicsFeelings:

Fatalism

Helplessness

Dependency

Inferiority

Inability:

Delay gratification

Plan for future

Belief systems differ with that of care givers


13/27

Social cultural Factors

Traditional:

Dignity

Respect for elders

Religious:Ethnicity

Professional

Sensitive Care:

Respect for clients

Curiosity to learn other peoples culture


14/27

Cultural Awareness

Education

Explore own background and how it

differs with professional and others

Learn about other cultures

Research:Conduct a small scale profile of thecommunity and attend an event

Study norms of people in nursingpractice

AssociationBe part of the community

Understand the community


15/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 15

Health Systems Types

a. Folk health system

b. Profession health system

c. The difference between the two

EFFECTS:

Promotes cultural accommodation

Provide culturally sensitive therapy care


16/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 16

Folk/Traditional Health System

Local indigenous/rural people

Local beliefs, practices and values

Reflect local cultural health beliefs

Assumed services roles to helppeople in their community


17/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 17

Folk/Traditional Health System

Prepared through informal andexperimental methods

Practices developed through daily lifeexperiences and related to the groupssocial structure

Generally they are known andrecognised members of the community


18/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 18

Profession Health System

Health care providers

Educated family

Different roles

Fail to recognise folk healthy system as itis regarded as non scientific, superstitious


19/27

Effects Of Professional Health

Care system

professional providers

Stress resulting in

- malpractice

- ignoring instructions

Ignore clients

cultural beliefs andfolk health care

system

lack of

- flexibility- respect


20/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 20

Factors That Influence Culturally

Sensitive Care

Beliefs and practices related to child bearing

Relationship to health system

Variation of the role of midwives

Availability of rich heritage vs. technology,resources and education


21/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 21

Factors That Influence Culturally

Sensitive Care cont.

1. Language

2. Use of interpreters

3. Voice tone

4. Teaching aids

5. Cadre of providers


22/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 22

Assessment Of Cultural System

Griffith identified four different ways of

assessing cultural system as follows

1. Morals and value system based on

duty obligations

Desirability


23/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 23

Assessment Of Cultural System

Griffith identified four different ways of assessing

cultural system as follows

2. Kinship system:Rights of people are of paramount and should be

respected

like the morals assigning of duty is ofparamount

obligation is related to linkage to marriage

and family ancestry


24/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 24

Assessment Of Cultural

System cont.

3. Knowledge and belief system definingof conception e.g. who should attend to issues

concerning labour and childbearing

4. Ceremonial and ritual system e.g.

proper defining of type and time of performing

and who should perform and attend


25/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 25

Important Points To

RememberBe aware of the culture of the community youwork

Understanding other cultures is a vital componentof care giving

Diversity of cultures and mobilisation makes itdifficult for midwives to understand and beexperts

Realizing that midwifery is a culture


26/27

CB&P _ RCN 2010 26

Role Of A Midwife

Learn and understand the culture of thecommunity and of the clients

Avoid reflecting your culture in your care

Pick harmful and beneficial traditions

Find strategies to discourage harmful

practices in a positive way


27/27

CB&P RCN 2010 27

Role Of A Midwife cont.

Assess cultural and spiritual needs ofclient/family

Significance:- Preparation can be easy

- Conformity

- Use of services

- Trust- Support because you have cultural

history

4. Cultural Beliefs & Practices June 09

Documents

Transcript of 4. Cultural Beliefs & Practices June 09