3D-FEM Simulation of a Transverse Flux Machine Respecting ...
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Institute of Electrical Energy Conversion Prof. Dr.-Ing. Nejila Parspour 3D-FEM Simulation of a Transverse Flux Machine Respecting Nonlinear and Anisotropic Materials www.iew.uni-stuttgart.de Figure 1: 3D model of the three phase transverse flux machine Figure 2: Model of one pole pair of one phase Figure 4: Stack of laminated steel sheets Figure 3: Model in COMSOL permanent magnets stator coil stator core halves laminated rotor stack isotropic non-linear BH-curve of SMC anisotropic non-linear BH-curve of electrical steel periodic condition on model boundaries position dependent sinosoidal current density homogenous remanence of N38 NdFeB PM scalar potential definition vector potential definition x y z Sheet Insulating Layer Fe r,Solid r,Fe Stack Fe Stack 0 r 1 = = = = B H H k H µ µ µµ Fe Fe Stack r,|| Fe r,Fe Stack Fe Stack 0 r,|| Fe Fe ( ) = = = = A k A k H H B H H µ µ µµ Fe Fe Stack r,Fe r, r,Fe Fe Fe Fe Stack 0 r, Fe Stack Fe (1 ) ( ) ⊥ ⊥ = − + = = = l k l k k H B B B B µ µ µ µµ × = = × H J B A Figure 6: Absolute magnetic flux density in T, flux direction (red) and current direction (black), ε el 90° = m 0 ⋅ = = − H B V Introduction The paper presents the three dimensional (3D) Finite Element Method (FEM) COMSOL model of a Three Phase Permanent Magnetic Excited Transverse Flux Machine (TFM). The model is fully parameterized and able to sweep over all parameters during design optimization process. The nonlinear BH curve of stator and rotor material as well as the anisotropy of the laminated rotor stack is considered. In order to reduce simulation time and computation effort model symmetries are respected and a mixed formulation with vector and scalar potential is used. Transverse Flux Machine • ring winding • areas of magnetic flux and current guiding parts do not compete for available space • high number of pole pairs • high torque density at low speed Computer-Aided Design • built in Autodesk Inventor 2016, imported via LiveLink TM • parameterized master drawing, components are derived from it • COMSOL manipulates parameters during optimization Problem definition • rotating machinary, magnetic • mixed formulation: scalar and vector potential Laminated Steel solid material flux parallel flux perpendicular to lamination to lamination Results • direct stationary solver (MUMPS) • auxiliary sweep over 19 rotor positions • linear presolving for the first position • simulated and measured torque match very well • optimization algorithm increased torque density by 20% and decreased torque ripple by 80% Figure 5: Commutating curves of steel 0 10 000 20 000 30 000 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 magnetic flux density B in T magnetic field H in A/m solid material parallel to lamination perpendicular to lamination Samuel Müller Marina Keller Alexander Enssle Anna Lusiewicz Philipp Präg David Maier Julian Fischer Nejila Parspour R B R B R B ( ) J ε 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 y z x Excerpt from the Proceedings of the 2016 COMSOL Conference in Munich
Transcript of 3D-FEM Simulation of a Transverse Flux Machine Respecting ...
Institute of Electrical Energy ConversionProf. Dr.-Ing. Nejila Parspour
3D-FEM Simulation of a Transverse Flux Machine Respecting Nonlinear and Anisotropic Materials
www.iew.uni-stuttgart.de
Figure 1: 3D model of the three phase transverse flux machine
Figure 2: Model of one pole pair of one phase
Figure 4: Stack of laminated steel sheets
Figure 3: Model in COMSOL
permanent magnets
stator coil
stator corehalves
laminatedrotor stack
isotropic non-linearBH-curve of SMC
anisotropic non-linear BH-curve of electrical steel
periodic condition on model boundaries position dependent
sinosoidal current density
homogenous remanenceof N38 NdFeB PM
scalar potentialdefinition
vector potentialdefinition
xy
z
SheetInsulating Layer
Fe
r,Solid r,Fe
Stack Fe
Stack 0 r
1==
=
=BHH
k
H
µ µ
µ µ
FeFe
Stack
r,|| Fe r,Fe
Stack Fe
Stack 0 r,|| Fe Fe( )
=
=
=
=Ak
Ak
H HB H H
µ µ
µ µ
FeFe
Stack
r,Fer,
r ,Fe Fe Fe
FeStack
0 r, Fe
Stack Fe
(1 )
( )
⊥
⊥
=
− +=
=
=
lkl
k k
H BB
BB
µµ
µ
µ µ
× == ×
H JB A
Figure 6: Absolute magnetic flux density in T, flux direction (red) and current direction (black), ε el 90°=
m
0⋅==−H
BV
IntroductionThe paper presents the three dimensional (3D) Finite Element Method (FEM) COMSOL model of a Three Phase Permanent Magnetic Excited Transverse Flux Machine (TFM). The model is fully parameterized and able to sweep over all parameters during design optimization process. The nonlinear BH curve of stator and rotor material as well as the anisotropy of the laminated rotor stack is considered. In order to reduce simulation time and computation effort model symmetries are respected and a mixed formulation with vector and scalar potential is used.
Transverse Flux Machine• ring winding• areas of magnetic flux and
current guiding parts do not compete for available space
• high number of pole pairs• high torque density at low speed
Computer-Aided Design
• built in Autodesk Inventor 2016, imported via LiveLinkTM
• parameterized master drawing, components are derived from it
• COMSOL manipulates parameters during optimization
Problem definition
• rotating machinary, magnetic
• mixed formulation: scalar and vector potential
Laminated Steel
solid material flux parallel flux perpendicular to lamination to lamination
Results• direct stationary solver (MUMPS)
• auxiliary sweep over 19 rotor positions
• linear presolving for the first position
• simulated and measured torque match very well
• optimization algorithm increased torque density by 20% and decreased torque ripple by 80%
Figure 5: Commutating curves of steel0 10 000 20 000 30 000
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2
mag
netic
flux
den
sity
B in
T
magnetic field H in A/m
solid materialparallel to laminationperpendicular to lamination
Samuel MüllerMarina KellerAlexander Enssle Anna Lusiewicz Philipp PrägDavid MaierJulian Fischer Nejila Parspour
R
B
R
BR
B
( )
J ε
1.81.61.41.21.00.80.60.40.20
yz
x
Excerpt from the Proceedings of the 2016 COMSOL Conference in Munich
