3c. Free Range Kids (2009.Skin).ppt

7/29/2019 3c. Free Range Kids (2009.Skin).ppt

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Skin CancerPrevention and EarlyDetection


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Cancer

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What is Cancer?

Occurs when cells in a body part begin togrow out of control and crowd out normalcells.


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What is

Skin Cancer?

Skin cancer is the

most common of

all cancers.

Most skin cancers are:

slow-growing

easy to recognize

relatively easy to treat when detected early

Most skin cancers are caused by too much

exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays, mostly

from the sun but also from tanning beds.


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The American Cancer Society Estimates

More than one million new cases of basal andsquamous cell cancers occur annually in the UnitedStates.

The most serious form of skin cancer is melanoma.

This year approximately 68,720 people will bediagnosed with melanoma and approximately 8,650will die.

Melanoma rates are more than 10 times higher inCaucasians than in African Americans.


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Two Types of Skin Cancer

1. Non-Melanomas

(most common skin cancers) Include Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Cancers Can be fast or slow growing, but rarely spread

Found on sun exposed parts of body like the head and neck

This year approximately2,940 people will die from non-melanomaskin cancer


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Types of Skin Cancer

2. Melanomas

Can occur anywhere on the body

Less common, but more serious

Almost always curable when detectedearly

More likely to spread to other parts of

body

This year approximately 8,650 people willdie from melanoma


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What is Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation?

Ultraviolet (UV) rays are a form of invisible energy

given off by the sun

UV rays are divided into 3 wavelength ranges:

UVA Rays, causes long-term skin damage such

as wrinkles, but also play a role in some skincancers.

UVB Rays, direct damage to DNA, these rayscause sunburns, cause most skin cancers.

UVC Rays, do not penetrate atmosphere, notpresent in sunlight.

There are NO safe UV Rays!


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What is a tan?

Tanning, like sunburn, is literally a form of skininjury.

Ultraviolet radiation can damage your DNA at

a cellular level, which can lead to cancer.

Although people with light skin are more

susceptible, darker skinned people can also

be affected.


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What about tanning beds?

There is no evidence that tanning in a bed is anysafer than tanning in the sun -- in fact, sometanning beds release much stronger UV light thanthe sun does.

There is a 75% increase in risk for melanomaamong those who first use tanning beds in theirteens and early twenties.


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What is My Risk For Skin Cancer?


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Who is prone to sun damage?

Everyone!Everyone's skin and eyes can be affected by

the sun and other forms of UV rays.

Although people with light skin are much more

likely to have sun damage, darker-skinned

people, including African Americans and

Hispanic Americans, also can be affected.


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Factors that Increase Risk of Skin Cancer

Individuals who are lighter skinned, have

freckles, and have blond, red, or light

brown hair.

Individuals who work outdoors and or live

in high altitudes (due to increased UVrays).

Prior treatment with immune suppressing

medicine. Excessive exposure to light from tanning

lamps, booths or sunlight.


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How Can I Protect

Myself

From Skin Cancer?


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Steps for Sun Protection

Limit your sun exposure during

10am-4pm

Cover up your skin, especially your

arms and legs.

Wear a wide brimmed hat toprotect eyes, ears, and face.

Wear wrap-around sunglasses.

Use sunscreen of SPF 15 or

higher, and be sure to re-apply.

Avoid artificial sources of UV light

(tanning beds)


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What About Tanning Products?

Tanning Pills

The additives are distributed throughout the body,

especially the skin, turning it an orange-like color.

They are not approved for use as tanning agents and may

be harmful.

Tanning Accelerators

Such as lotions or pills that contain the amino acid

tyrosine or its derivatives, are not effective and may be

dangerous.

Bronzers and Extenders

Not considered harmful when used properly. These

products do not protect against UV exposure.


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What Should I

Know About EarlyDetection of Skin

Cancer?


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When Should I be Screened?

Get a cancer-related checkup by a doctor,including skin examination, every three years

between ages 20 and 40 and annually for those

40 and older.

See a doctor immediately if you notice any

warning signs.

Its important to check your own skin, preferably

once per month.


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What Should I Look For?

Basal cell cancers and squamous cell cancers aremost often found in areas that get exposed to a lot

of sun, such as the head, neck, and arms, but

they can occur elsewhere.

Look for new growths, spots, bumps, patches, or

sores that don't heal after 2 to 3 months.


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A (Asymmetry) one portionof the mole does notmatch the other

B (Border) edges are

irregular, notched, orblurred

C (Color) different shades ofblack or brown, patchy

colorsD (Diameter) spot is 6

millimeters across, orgrowing larger

A B

C D

Use ABCD Rule to Spot Melanoma


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Signs and Symptoms of Melanoma

Change in the size, shape or color of a mole, such as:

Signs that a moles border is becoming

more ragged

Spread of pigmentation beyond its border

Scaliness, bleeding or change in the appearance of a bump or

nodule

Change in sensation, itchiness, tenderness or pain in a

mole or other growth


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Face the mirror:

Check your face,

ears, neck, chest,

and belly. Womenwill need to lift

breasts to check the

skin underneath.

How to Check Your Skin:


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Face the Mirror

Check the underarm

areas, both sides of the

arms, the tops and

bottoms of your hands,

in between your

fingers, and fingernail

beds.


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Sit Down

Check the front of your

thighs, shins, tops of

your feet, in between

your toes, and toenail

beds.


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You will need a hand mirror for yourthighs, back, and scalp.

Now look at the bottoms of your feet,

your calves, and the backs of your

thighs, first checking one leg and then

the other.


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Use the hand mirror

to check the

buttocks, genital

area, lower back,upper back, and the

back of the neck.

Or it may be easier

to look at your back

in the wall mirrorusing a hand mirror.


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Use a comb or hair

dryer to part your

hair so that you can

check your scalp.


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How is Skin

Cancer

Diagnosed?


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Skin Cancer Diagnosis

History and Physical Exam

Dermascopy

Skin Biopsy


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How Is Skin

Cancer Treated?


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Treatment Options

Surgeryo Cryosurgery

o Laser Surgery

o Skin Grafting & Reconstructive Surgery

Chemotherapy

Radiation Therapy


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Why Is It So Important To

Get REGULAR Skin

Cancer Screenings?


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Survival Rates for Melanoma

Five-year survival rate when melanoma is found

early at its earliest stage..99%

Five-year survival rate when melanoma is found

after it has spread..18%


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Three Things To Remember

Nearly all skin cancers are preventable by limiting

unprotected exposure to the sun.

Most skin cancers can be treated successfully if

detected early even melanoma.

When out in the sun, seek shade and

Slip! Slop! Slap!Wrap!

Slip on a shirt

Slop on SPF 15+ sunscreen

Slap on a hat

Wrap on sunglasses


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Having Cancer is Hard.

Finding help isnt.Information on Cancer. Rides to Treatment. Financial

Assistance. Wigs. Emotional Support.

All American Cancer Society services are free.

Call 1.800.ACS.2345 today!

If you are affected by cancer

Call Us!


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How to get involved

with ACS

More than two million volunteersnationwide are currently making a

difference in the fight

against cancer.

We invite you to join them.

Volunteer in local cancer centers

Provide rides to cancer treatment

Join a community event

Join ACS Cancer Action Network and

contact legislators on cancer issues


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Want to learnmore?

Call 1-800-ACS-2345 orvisit www.cancer.org for

more information
http://www.cancer.org/http://www.cancer.org/


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Questions?

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