37FL10TM -0T3-04-11 Shuttle Bus Report-FINAl-01-05-12v2 1. Limo Report.pdf · LSF provides 24 hours...
Transcript of 37FL10TM -0T3-04-11 Shuttle Bus Report-FINAl-01-05-12v2 1. Limo Report.pdf · LSF provides 24 hours...
Exhibit 1
Compliance Review
Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport
June 4 2012 Report No 12-11
Office of the County AuditorEvan A Lukic CPA
County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table of Contents
Executive Summary 2
Purpose and Scope 3
Methodology 3
Background 4
Findings and Recommendations 9
APPENDIX A 15
APPENDIX B 19
APPENDIX C 22
1 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Executive Summary This report presents our compliance review of the contract between Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) and Broward County for shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL) This review was undertaken as a follow up on two previous reviews of shuttle bus services at the airport Review of the Contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007
The objectives of our review were to evaluate LSFrsquos compliance with County contract requirements assess the effectiveness of contract administration by the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) and ascertain managementrsquos actions in response to recommendations made in the two prior reviews
Based on our review BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved resulting in cost savings of approximately $76 million 0F
1 The specifics of each finding and recommendation from these two reports are detailed in Appendices A and B
Although BCAD has reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations additional operational changes may be warranted as recommended by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants in their report dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C 1F
2
As noted above contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport has significantly improved since our prior reviews In our current review we noted the following matters of contract compliance and process improvement
LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding o Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 o Training and hiring o Environmental pollution liability insurance and o The Living Wage Ordinance
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
1 Shuttle cost for fiscal year (FY) 2006 was approximately $164 million compared to $88 in FY 2011 2 Appendix C also includes LSFrsquos management response to the Leigh Fisher report dated January 2012
2 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We have included recommendations in this report to address the findings noted above
Purpose and Scope The purpose of our review was to evaluate whether Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) complied with selected 2F
3 contract provisions We also evaluated Broward County Aviation Departmentrsquos (BCAD) contract administration and followed up on managementrsquos actions taken in response to recommendations noted in two prior reviews of
The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and
Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007
Our current review covered the contract period of March 1 2009 through December 31 2011
Methodology To accomplish our objectives we
Reviewed o The contract between Limousines of South Florida Inc and
Broward County dated February 3 2009 3F
4 and related amendments
o LSFrsquos invoices Dispatch Sheets Daily Vehicle Inspection Reports (DVIRs) time cards and other supporting documentation for January July and December 2011
o LSFrsquos DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two supplemental buses in 2009 and 2010 and all 10 supplemental buses in 2011
o LSFrsquos drivers records for selected employees o A sample of LSFrsquos Living Wage paychecks and insurance waiver
forms for January 2010 and July 2011 o LSFrsquos customer complaints reports in 2011 o BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports and selected Ground
Transportation Vehicle Inspection Reports in 2011 and o Selected internal and external agenciesrsquo reports on the review of
LSFrsquos driver records vehicle maintenance and shuttle bus
3 The review did not include an evaluation of compliance with the Community Disadvantage Business Enterprise (CDBE) requirements in the contract 4 An interim contract commenced on May 1 2008 prior to the permanent contract that became effective on February 3 2009
3 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
operations at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL)
Examined documentation to support compliance with selected contract provisions
Performed follow-up on managementrsquos response to recommendations noted in our prior compliance reviews of
o The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort dated June 18 2007 and
o Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 Interviewed LSF BCAD and BCT staff and Toured and observed the shuttle bus operations at FLL
Background On February 3 2009 the Board of County Commissioners entered into a five-year contract with Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) Under the contract LSF provides 24 hours a day seven days a week shuttle bus services at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL) between the terminals the parking facilities the Consolidated Rental Car Facility (RCC) and Port Everglades The current shuttle bus system consists of five routes Table 1 below shows a summary of the five shuttle bus routes and facilities served and hours of operations
Table 1 FLL Shuttle Bus Routes and Hours of Operation
Routes Facilities Served Hours of Operations RCC Terminals and RCC 24 hours Economy Parking Lot Terminals and Economy Parking 24 hours Inter-Terminal (loop) All Terminals 15 hours (6amndash9pm) Parking Garage Tram Palm and Hibiscus Garages 24 hours Port Everglades4F
5 RCC and Port Everglades On Demand Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from BCAD
Exhibit B of the contract requires LSF to schedule sufficient number of buses and trams and coordinate their positions throughout the designated routes to meet passenger demand and maintain maximum passenger wait time as follows
5 The Port Everglades route is operated at the request of Alamo Rent a Car to transport their customers tofrom the RCC and Port Everglades The cost of the service is reimbursed by the rental car company under a separate agreement with BCAD
4 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Economy Parking Lot Route 15 minutes RCC Route 10 minutes 5F
6
Parking Garage Tram Route 8 minutes Inter-Terminal Route 15 minutes Port Everglades on demand
Shuttle Bus Operations As of December 31 2011 LSF had 124 fulltime employees 87 drivers and 37 other staff (managers supervisors dispatchers mechanics safety training staff etc) to operate a fleet of 43 vehicles for the shuttle bus services at FLL
Drivers LSF drivers must pass drug and medical tests and possess a commercial driving license at least three years prior to employment The contract includes driver qualification criteria used by the Broward County Transportation Department (BCT) The contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include the following
a) More than one moving violation in the past three years b) An at-fault accident in the last three years c) Reckless driving within the last seven years d) Driving under the influence within the last seven years e) Hit-run or hit-run property damage f) Reckless driving causing injury or g) Combination of any violation that indicate a pattern of irresponsibility or
poor judgment
Equipment As of December 31 2011 the shuttle bus fleet consisted of a ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo of 43 vehicles and ldquoSupplemental Bus Fleetrdquo of ten buses All vehicles are owned by the County and the ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo is leased to LSF for $1 per vehicle per year Core Bus Fleet
The ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo consists of 35 buses two CoBuses 6F
7 three trams and three non-motorized trailers
Supplemental Bus Fleet The Supplemental Bus Fleet of 10 buses is designed to meet periodic increases in demand or for specific on-demand services as requested by
6 As advised by BCAD staff the maximum passenger wait time for RCC route was changed from 8 to 10 minutes in 2011 The amendment was finally approved by the Director of Aviation on May 4 2012 7 The two very large buses (accommodate about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading of passengers at remote aircraft parking positions in aircraft emergencies
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Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD However the buses were never utilized and the supplemental fleet was officially removed from service effective January 1 2012
Trip Scheduling LSF prepares trip schedules based on historical passenger counts and airport schedules The regular shifts for drivers are typically 8 hours with a 30 minute break after 4 hours of driving The trip schedule is prepared weekly by the LSF General Manager and adjusted daily by the dispatcher to facilitate actual flight delays or cancelations
Billing Process Services are billed to the county based on the contract rate per hour times the total actual hours of bus service provided
At the start of a route before leaving the lot drivers are required to perform a pre-trip vehicle inspection and complete a Daily Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) noting the condition and starting mileage of the vehicle Once the inspection is completed the DVIR is time stamped by the dispatcher to document the start of the billing period At the end of the shift the driver performs a post-trip vehicle inspection documents the end of shift mileage and the dispatcher time stamps the DVIR to document the end of the billing period
Daily the dispatchers prepare an electronic spreadsheet (Dispatch Sheet) to record the information on the DVIR such as bus number driverrsquos name starting and ending shift time and calculated total service hours by route Bi-monthly the Dispatch Sheets are tallied and forwarded to the billing manager who prepares the invoice After the invoices are signed by the project manager the invoice packages including copies of the Dispatch Sheets are sent to BCAD for payment
Passenger Counts and Customer Complaint Reporting LSF is required to provide BCAD with bi-monthly reports on the number of passengers transported and monthly reports summarizing the number of customer complaints
Passenger Count Drivers are required to manually count passengers transported and report the total to the dispatcher for each trip The dispatcher tallies the total number of the passengers by route daily and submits a report to BCAD along with the bi-monthly invoice showing total passenger counts For the contract period of March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 LSF transported approximately 149 million passengers Table 2 on the next page shows the passengers transported for calendar years 2009 through 2011
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Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 2 Passengers Counts
By Calendar Year 2009 through 2011 Calendar Year Passenger Count
2009 (Note 1) 4005330 2010 5485932 2011 5425497 Total 14916759
Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from LSF Note 1 Passenger count for the period from March 1 2009(beginning of contract) to
December 31 2009
Customer Complaints Customer complaints about shuttle services can be made to either BCAD or LSF using a self-addressed stamped card available on the buses via telephone using numbers displayed on the buses or via internet through FLLNET Complaints that are received by BCAD are forwarded to LSF Complaints that are made directly to LSF or forwarded from BCAD are investigated by LSF staff and summarized in a monthly report to BCAD
Insurance The contract requires LSF to provide Comprehensive General or Commercial Liability Business Automobile Liability Environmental Pollution Liability and Workerrsquos Compensation insurances Each policy must identify the County as an additional named insured on the insurance certificate
Contract Administration BCAD Operations personnel are responsible for oversight of shuttle bus operations and administration of the contract The duties include Review and approval of invoices Random daily inspection of buses and passenger wait times Periodic reviews of driver records and bus maintenance records and Review of compliance with Living Wage requirements
Invoice Review Process The BCAD Operations Manager reviews the bi-monthly invoice and compares the hours documented on the Dispatch Sheets to the hours billed The invoice is approved by the Operations Manager Director of Operations and BCADrsquos Finance Division management prior to forwarding to the Countyrsquos Accounting Division for payment
Vehicle Inspections and Passenger Wait Time Monitoring BCAD Operations staff performs daily random inspection of vehicles observes customer wait times on a test basis and documents the results on a Ground Transportation Vehicle Inspection Report (Inspection Report)
7 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
The passenger wait times are summarized by route and immediately discussed with LSFrsquos management to determine the cause if the wait time exceeds 15 minutes
Vehicle inspections are performed to ensure equipment safety and to determine whether drivers are complying with contractual requirements Discrepancies noted during the inspection are reported to LSF for correction
Living Wage Monitoring The contract with LSF is subject to the Countyrsquos Living Wage Ordinance BCAD Operations staff reviews the payroll records for LSF and its subcontractors twice a year to ensure compliance with Living Wage requirements
Payments to LSF The contract provides for hourly rates that include all costs associated with the operation of the shuttle bus service (maintenance repairs and fuel) Table 3 below shows three phases of hourly rates established in the contract
Table 3 Hourly Billing Rates
Phase Number Shuttle Bus Hourly Range
Operating Hourly Billing Rate
Phase One 150000 ndash 175000 hours $ 6053 per Hour
Phase Two 175001 ndash 200000 hours $ 6040 per Hour
Phase Three 200001 ndash 225000 hours $ 6280 per Hour Source As described in Article 52 of the LSF contract
Any change in phases of the hourly rate requires a continual increase or decrease in service hours for three consecutive months and the approval of the Director of BCAD Since inception of the contract the County has paid LSF the Phase One rate of $6053 per hour
In addition to the hourly rate the contract required the County to pay LSF $1190 per vehicle per month to provide preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses owned by the County The preventative maintenance program was discontinued on January 1 2012
Payment Summary During the period March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 the County paid LSF approximately $247 million including preventative maintenance costs of approximately $405000 summarized in Table 4 on the next page
8 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 4 Payments to LSF
By Calendar year through December 31 2011 Calendar Year Amount
2009 (Note 1) $ 7073924
2010 8530212
2011 9117141
Total $ 24721277 Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from Advantage and BCAD
Note 1 Payments for services from March 1 2009 (beginning of contract) to December 31 2009
Findings and Recommendations Finding 1 BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved
We performed a follow up review of two related previous reports The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 We found BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved The specifics of each finding recommendation and follow up action are detailed in Appendices A and B
We also noted that BCAD reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations Similar recommendations were included in a report issued by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C
Although management has taken significant steps in improving contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport our current review disclosed matters of contract compliance and process improvement detailed in Findings 2 through 4 below
Finding 2 LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements
We reviewed documentation to support compliance with selected contract requirements and found that LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding
1 Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 2 Training and hiring
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Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
3 Environmental pollution liability insurance and 4 The Living Wage Ordinance
LSF was overpaid $67608 for preventative maintenance on the supplemental fleet in 2011 Exhibit H of the contract requires LSF to perform preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses at a monthly cost of $1190 or $14281 per year per bus The preventative maintenance program includes the following requirements Three times weekly LSF shall warm up the engines for 15 minutes
exercise the buses by driving them 5 - 10 miles (exercise trips) and perform pre and post trip equipment inspections
Every 120 days LSF shall lubricate fittings change oil fuel and air filters and perform oil changes and
Every two years LSF shall flush and refill transmissions and repack the wheel bearings
We reviewed preventative maintenance records including DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two buses in 2009 and 2010 and for all ten buses in 2011 We found LSF was paid for 100 of the preventative maintenance in 2011 but did not perform all the required preventative maintenance specifically The contract requires LSF to drive the buses a total of 1560 exercise
trips however LSF performed 359 exercise trips in 2011 In addition the pre and post trip equipment inspections were not consistently documented and
The contract also requires LSF to provide a total of 30 filter and oil changes and lubrication of fittings However LSF only performed four during 2011
As a result LSF was overpaid approximately $67608 for preventive maintenance services on the supplemental buses in 2011
Nine (35) of 26 driver records reviewed did not include documentation of compliance with training and hiring requirements BCAD conducted a compliance review of driver records on September 29 2011 and found three deficiencies We performed a follow up review on the three driver files and noted that all issues have been resolved We then selected an additional 23 driver files including 16 hired after September 2011 and found the following deficiencies
1 Article 611 of the contract requires LSF to provide at least eight hours of customer service training annually to employees including drivers that have direct contact with the public We found eight driversrsquo files did not contain documentation to support the required eight hours of customer service training
2 Article 68 of the contract requires LSF to obtain background checks from the State of Florida Department of Law Enforcement or from other sources
10 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table of Contents
Executive Summary 2
Purpose and Scope 3
Methodology 3
Background 4
Findings and Recommendations 9
APPENDIX A 15
APPENDIX B 19
APPENDIX C 22
1 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Executive Summary This report presents our compliance review of the contract between Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) and Broward County for shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL) This review was undertaken as a follow up on two previous reviews of shuttle bus services at the airport Review of the Contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007
The objectives of our review were to evaluate LSFrsquos compliance with County contract requirements assess the effectiveness of contract administration by the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) and ascertain managementrsquos actions in response to recommendations made in the two prior reviews
Based on our review BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved resulting in cost savings of approximately $76 million 0F
1 The specifics of each finding and recommendation from these two reports are detailed in Appendices A and B
Although BCAD has reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations additional operational changes may be warranted as recommended by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants in their report dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C 1F
2
As noted above contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport has significantly improved since our prior reviews In our current review we noted the following matters of contract compliance and process improvement
LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding o Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 o Training and hiring o Environmental pollution liability insurance and o The Living Wage Ordinance
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
1 Shuttle cost for fiscal year (FY) 2006 was approximately $164 million compared to $88 in FY 2011 2 Appendix C also includes LSFrsquos management response to the Leigh Fisher report dated January 2012
2 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We have included recommendations in this report to address the findings noted above
Purpose and Scope The purpose of our review was to evaluate whether Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) complied with selected 2F
3 contract provisions We also evaluated Broward County Aviation Departmentrsquos (BCAD) contract administration and followed up on managementrsquos actions taken in response to recommendations noted in two prior reviews of
The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and
Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007
Our current review covered the contract period of March 1 2009 through December 31 2011
Methodology To accomplish our objectives we
Reviewed o The contract between Limousines of South Florida Inc and
Broward County dated February 3 2009 3F
4 and related amendments
o LSFrsquos invoices Dispatch Sheets Daily Vehicle Inspection Reports (DVIRs) time cards and other supporting documentation for January July and December 2011
o LSFrsquos DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two supplemental buses in 2009 and 2010 and all 10 supplemental buses in 2011
o LSFrsquos drivers records for selected employees o A sample of LSFrsquos Living Wage paychecks and insurance waiver
forms for January 2010 and July 2011 o LSFrsquos customer complaints reports in 2011 o BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports and selected Ground
Transportation Vehicle Inspection Reports in 2011 and o Selected internal and external agenciesrsquo reports on the review of
LSFrsquos driver records vehicle maintenance and shuttle bus
3 The review did not include an evaluation of compliance with the Community Disadvantage Business Enterprise (CDBE) requirements in the contract 4 An interim contract commenced on May 1 2008 prior to the permanent contract that became effective on February 3 2009
3 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
operations at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL)
Examined documentation to support compliance with selected contract provisions
Performed follow-up on managementrsquos response to recommendations noted in our prior compliance reviews of
o The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort dated June 18 2007 and
o Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 Interviewed LSF BCAD and BCT staff and Toured and observed the shuttle bus operations at FLL
Background On February 3 2009 the Board of County Commissioners entered into a five-year contract with Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) Under the contract LSF provides 24 hours a day seven days a week shuttle bus services at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL) between the terminals the parking facilities the Consolidated Rental Car Facility (RCC) and Port Everglades The current shuttle bus system consists of five routes Table 1 below shows a summary of the five shuttle bus routes and facilities served and hours of operations
Table 1 FLL Shuttle Bus Routes and Hours of Operation
Routes Facilities Served Hours of Operations RCC Terminals and RCC 24 hours Economy Parking Lot Terminals and Economy Parking 24 hours Inter-Terminal (loop) All Terminals 15 hours (6amndash9pm) Parking Garage Tram Palm and Hibiscus Garages 24 hours Port Everglades4F
5 RCC and Port Everglades On Demand Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from BCAD
Exhibit B of the contract requires LSF to schedule sufficient number of buses and trams and coordinate their positions throughout the designated routes to meet passenger demand and maintain maximum passenger wait time as follows
5 The Port Everglades route is operated at the request of Alamo Rent a Car to transport their customers tofrom the RCC and Port Everglades The cost of the service is reimbursed by the rental car company under a separate agreement with BCAD
4 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Economy Parking Lot Route 15 minutes RCC Route 10 minutes 5F
6
Parking Garage Tram Route 8 minutes Inter-Terminal Route 15 minutes Port Everglades on demand
Shuttle Bus Operations As of December 31 2011 LSF had 124 fulltime employees 87 drivers and 37 other staff (managers supervisors dispatchers mechanics safety training staff etc) to operate a fleet of 43 vehicles for the shuttle bus services at FLL
Drivers LSF drivers must pass drug and medical tests and possess a commercial driving license at least three years prior to employment The contract includes driver qualification criteria used by the Broward County Transportation Department (BCT) The contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include the following
a) More than one moving violation in the past three years b) An at-fault accident in the last three years c) Reckless driving within the last seven years d) Driving under the influence within the last seven years e) Hit-run or hit-run property damage f) Reckless driving causing injury or g) Combination of any violation that indicate a pattern of irresponsibility or
poor judgment
Equipment As of December 31 2011 the shuttle bus fleet consisted of a ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo of 43 vehicles and ldquoSupplemental Bus Fleetrdquo of ten buses All vehicles are owned by the County and the ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo is leased to LSF for $1 per vehicle per year Core Bus Fleet
The ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo consists of 35 buses two CoBuses 6F
7 three trams and three non-motorized trailers
Supplemental Bus Fleet The Supplemental Bus Fleet of 10 buses is designed to meet periodic increases in demand or for specific on-demand services as requested by
6 As advised by BCAD staff the maximum passenger wait time for RCC route was changed from 8 to 10 minutes in 2011 The amendment was finally approved by the Director of Aviation on May 4 2012 7 The two very large buses (accommodate about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading of passengers at remote aircraft parking positions in aircraft emergencies
5 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD However the buses were never utilized and the supplemental fleet was officially removed from service effective January 1 2012
Trip Scheduling LSF prepares trip schedules based on historical passenger counts and airport schedules The regular shifts for drivers are typically 8 hours with a 30 minute break after 4 hours of driving The trip schedule is prepared weekly by the LSF General Manager and adjusted daily by the dispatcher to facilitate actual flight delays or cancelations
Billing Process Services are billed to the county based on the contract rate per hour times the total actual hours of bus service provided
At the start of a route before leaving the lot drivers are required to perform a pre-trip vehicle inspection and complete a Daily Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) noting the condition and starting mileage of the vehicle Once the inspection is completed the DVIR is time stamped by the dispatcher to document the start of the billing period At the end of the shift the driver performs a post-trip vehicle inspection documents the end of shift mileage and the dispatcher time stamps the DVIR to document the end of the billing period
Daily the dispatchers prepare an electronic spreadsheet (Dispatch Sheet) to record the information on the DVIR such as bus number driverrsquos name starting and ending shift time and calculated total service hours by route Bi-monthly the Dispatch Sheets are tallied and forwarded to the billing manager who prepares the invoice After the invoices are signed by the project manager the invoice packages including copies of the Dispatch Sheets are sent to BCAD for payment
Passenger Counts and Customer Complaint Reporting LSF is required to provide BCAD with bi-monthly reports on the number of passengers transported and monthly reports summarizing the number of customer complaints
Passenger Count Drivers are required to manually count passengers transported and report the total to the dispatcher for each trip The dispatcher tallies the total number of the passengers by route daily and submits a report to BCAD along with the bi-monthly invoice showing total passenger counts For the contract period of March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 LSF transported approximately 149 million passengers Table 2 on the next page shows the passengers transported for calendar years 2009 through 2011
6 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 2 Passengers Counts
By Calendar Year 2009 through 2011 Calendar Year Passenger Count
2009 (Note 1) 4005330 2010 5485932 2011 5425497 Total 14916759
Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from LSF Note 1 Passenger count for the period from March 1 2009(beginning of contract) to
December 31 2009
Customer Complaints Customer complaints about shuttle services can be made to either BCAD or LSF using a self-addressed stamped card available on the buses via telephone using numbers displayed on the buses or via internet through FLLNET Complaints that are received by BCAD are forwarded to LSF Complaints that are made directly to LSF or forwarded from BCAD are investigated by LSF staff and summarized in a monthly report to BCAD
Insurance The contract requires LSF to provide Comprehensive General or Commercial Liability Business Automobile Liability Environmental Pollution Liability and Workerrsquos Compensation insurances Each policy must identify the County as an additional named insured on the insurance certificate
Contract Administration BCAD Operations personnel are responsible for oversight of shuttle bus operations and administration of the contract The duties include Review and approval of invoices Random daily inspection of buses and passenger wait times Periodic reviews of driver records and bus maintenance records and Review of compliance with Living Wage requirements
Invoice Review Process The BCAD Operations Manager reviews the bi-monthly invoice and compares the hours documented on the Dispatch Sheets to the hours billed The invoice is approved by the Operations Manager Director of Operations and BCADrsquos Finance Division management prior to forwarding to the Countyrsquos Accounting Division for payment
Vehicle Inspections and Passenger Wait Time Monitoring BCAD Operations staff performs daily random inspection of vehicles observes customer wait times on a test basis and documents the results on a Ground Transportation Vehicle Inspection Report (Inspection Report)
7 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
The passenger wait times are summarized by route and immediately discussed with LSFrsquos management to determine the cause if the wait time exceeds 15 minutes
Vehicle inspections are performed to ensure equipment safety and to determine whether drivers are complying with contractual requirements Discrepancies noted during the inspection are reported to LSF for correction
Living Wage Monitoring The contract with LSF is subject to the Countyrsquos Living Wage Ordinance BCAD Operations staff reviews the payroll records for LSF and its subcontractors twice a year to ensure compliance with Living Wage requirements
Payments to LSF The contract provides for hourly rates that include all costs associated with the operation of the shuttle bus service (maintenance repairs and fuel) Table 3 below shows three phases of hourly rates established in the contract
Table 3 Hourly Billing Rates
Phase Number Shuttle Bus Hourly Range
Operating Hourly Billing Rate
Phase One 150000 ndash 175000 hours $ 6053 per Hour
Phase Two 175001 ndash 200000 hours $ 6040 per Hour
Phase Three 200001 ndash 225000 hours $ 6280 per Hour Source As described in Article 52 of the LSF contract
Any change in phases of the hourly rate requires a continual increase or decrease in service hours for three consecutive months and the approval of the Director of BCAD Since inception of the contract the County has paid LSF the Phase One rate of $6053 per hour
In addition to the hourly rate the contract required the County to pay LSF $1190 per vehicle per month to provide preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses owned by the County The preventative maintenance program was discontinued on January 1 2012
Payment Summary During the period March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 the County paid LSF approximately $247 million including preventative maintenance costs of approximately $405000 summarized in Table 4 on the next page
8 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 4 Payments to LSF
By Calendar year through December 31 2011 Calendar Year Amount
2009 (Note 1) $ 7073924
2010 8530212
2011 9117141
Total $ 24721277 Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from Advantage and BCAD
Note 1 Payments for services from March 1 2009 (beginning of contract) to December 31 2009
Findings and Recommendations Finding 1 BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved
We performed a follow up review of two related previous reports The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 We found BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved The specifics of each finding recommendation and follow up action are detailed in Appendices A and B
We also noted that BCAD reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations Similar recommendations were included in a report issued by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C
Although management has taken significant steps in improving contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport our current review disclosed matters of contract compliance and process improvement detailed in Findings 2 through 4 below
Finding 2 LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements
We reviewed documentation to support compliance with selected contract requirements and found that LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding
1 Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 2 Training and hiring
9 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
3 Environmental pollution liability insurance and 4 The Living Wage Ordinance
LSF was overpaid $67608 for preventative maintenance on the supplemental fleet in 2011 Exhibit H of the contract requires LSF to perform preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses at a monthly cost of $1190 or $14281 per year per bus The preventative maintenance program includes the following requirements Three times weekly LSF shall warm up the engines for 15 minutes
exercise the buses by driving them 5 - 10 miles (exercise trips) and perform pre and post trip equipment inspections
Every 120 days LSF shall lubricate fittings change oil fuel and air filters and perform oil changes and
Every two years LSF shall flush and refill transmissions and repack the wheel bearings
We reviewed preventative maintenance records including DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two buses in 2009 and 2010 and for all ten buses in 2011 We found LSF was paid for 100 of the preventative maintenance in 2011 but did not perform all the required preventative maintenance specifically The contract requires LSF to drive the buses a total of 1560 exercise
trips however LSF performed 359 exercise trips in 2011 In addition the pre and post trip equipment inspections were not consistently documented and
The contract also requires LSF to provide a total of 30 filter and oil changes and lubrication of fittings However LSF only performed four during 2011
As a result LSF was overpaid approximately $67608 for preventive maintenance services on the supplemental buses in 2011
Nine (35) of 26 driver records reviewed did not include documentation of compliance with training and hiring requirements BCAD conducted a compliance review of driver records on September 29 2011 and found three deficiencies We performed a follow up review on the three driver files and noted that all issues have been resolved We then selected an additional 23 driver files including 16 hired after September 2011 and found the following deficiencies
1 Article 611 of the contract requires LSF to provide at least eight hours of customer service training annually to employees including drivers that have direct contact with the public We found eight driversrsquo files did not contain documentation to support the required eight hours of customer service training
2 Article 68 of the contract requires LSF to obtain background checks from the State of Florida Department of Law Enforcement or from other sources
10 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Executive Summary This report presents our compliance review of the contract between Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) and Broward County for shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL) This review was undertaken as a follow up on two previous reviews of shuttle bus services at the airport Review of the Contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007
The objectives of our review were to evaluate LSFrsquos compliance with County contract requirements assess the effectiveness of contract administration by the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) and ascertain managementrsquos actions in response to recommendations made in the two prior reviews
Based on our review BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved resulting in cost savings of approximately $76 million 0F
1 The specifics of each finding and recommendation from these two reports are detailed in Appendices A and B
Although BCAD has reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations additional operational changes may be warranted as recommended by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants in their report dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C 1F
2
As noted above contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport has significantly improved since our prior reviews In our current review we noted the following matters of contract compliance and process improvement
LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding o Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 o Training and hiring o Environmental pollution liability insurance and o The Living Wage Ordinance
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
1 Shuttle cost for fiscal year (FY) 2006 was approximately $164 million compared to $88 in FY 2011 2 Appendix C also includes LSFrsquos management response to the Leigh Fisher report dated January 2012
2 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We have included recommendations in this report to address the findings noted above
Purpose and Scope The purpose of our review was to evaluate whether Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) complied with selected 2F
3 contract provisions We also evaluated Broward County Aviation Departmentrsquos (BCAD) contract administration and followed up on managementrsquos actions taken in response to recommendations noted in two prior reviews of
The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and
Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007
Our current review covered the contract period of March 1 2009 through December 31 2011
Methodology To accomplish our objectives we
Reviewed o The contract between Limousines of South Florida Inc and
Broward County dated February 3 2009 3F
4 and related amendments
o LSFrsquos invoices Dispatch Sheets Daily Vehicle Inspection Reports (DVIRs) time cards and other supporting documentation for January July and December 2011
o LSFrsquos DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two supplemental buses in 2009 and 2010 and all 10 supplemental buses in 2011
o LSFrsquos drivers records for selected employees o A sample of LSFrsquos Living Wage paychecks and insurance waiver
forms for January 2010 and July 2011 o LSFrsquos customer complaints reports in 2011 o BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports and selected Ground
Transportation Vehicle Inspection Reports in 2011 and o Selected internal and external agenciesrsquo reports on the review of
LSFrsquos driver records vehicle maintenance and shuttle bus
3 The review did not include an evaluation of compliance with the Community Disadvantage Business Enterprise (CDBE) requirements in the contract 4 An interim contract commenced on May 1 2008 prior to the permanent contract that became effective on February 3 2009
3 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
operations at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL)
Examined documentation to support compliance with selected contract provisions
Performed follow-up on managementrsquos response to recommendations noted in our prior compliance reviews of
o The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort dated June 18 2007 and
o Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 Interviewed LSF BCAD and BCT staff and Toured and observed the shuttle bus operations at FLL
Background On February 3 2009 the Board of County Commissioners entered into a five-year contract with Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) Under the contract LSF provides 24 hours a day seven days a week shuttle bus services at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL) between the terminals the parking facilities the Consolidated Rental Car Facility (RCC) and Port Everglades The current shuttle bus system consists of five routes Table 1 below shows a summary of the five shuttle bus routes and facilities served and hours of operations
Table 1 FLL Shuttle Bus Routes and Hours of Operation
Routes Facilities Served Hours of Operations RCC Terminals and RCC 24 hours Economy Parking Lot Terminals and Economy Parking 24 hours Inter-Terminal (loop) All Terminals 15 hours (6amndash9pm) Parking Garage Tram Palm and Hibiscus Garages 24 hours Port Everglades4F
5 RCC and Port Everglades On Demand Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from BCAD
Exhibit B of the contract requires LSF to schedule sufficient number of buses and trams and coordinate their positions throughout the designated routes to meet passenger demand and maintain maximum passenger wait time as follows
5 The Port Everglades route is operated at the request of Alamo Rent a Car to transport their customers tofrom the RCC and Port Everglades The cost of the service is reimbursed by the rental car company under a separate agreement with BCAD
4 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Economy Parking Lot Route 15 minutes RCC Route 10 minutes 5F
6
Parking Garage Tram Route 8 minutes Inter-Terminal Route 15 minutes Port Everglades on demand
Shuttle Bus Operations As of December 31 2011 LSF had 124 fulltime employees 87 drivers and 37 other staff (managers supervisors dispatchers mechanics safety training staff etc) to operate a fleet of 43 vehicles for the shuttle bus services at FLL
Drivers LSF drivers must pass drug and medical tests and possess a commercial driving license at least three years prior to employment The contract includes driver qualification criteria used by the Broward County Transportation Department (BCT) The contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include the following
a) More than one moving violation in the past three years b) An at-fault accident in the last three years c) Reckless driving within the last seven years d) Driving under the influence within the last seven years e) Hit-run or hit-run property damage f) Reckless driving causing injury or g) Combination of any violation that indicate a pattern of irresponsibility or
poor judgment
Equipment As of December 31 2011 the shuttle bus fleet consisted of a ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo of 43 vehicles and ldquoSupplemental Bus Fleetrdquo of ten buses All vehicles are owned by the County and the ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo is leased to LSF for $1 per vehicle per year Core Bus Fleet
The ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo consists of 35 buses two CoBuses 6F
7 three trams and three non-motorized trailers
Supplemental Bus Fleet The Supplemental Bus Fleet of 10 buses is designed to meet periodic increases in demand or for specific on-demand services as requested by
6 As advised by BCAD staff the maximum passenger wait time for RCC route was changed from 8 to 10 minutes in 2011 The amendment was finally approved by the Director of Aviation on May 4 2012 7 The two very large buses (accommodate about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading of passengers at remote aircraft parking positions in aircraft emergencies
5 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD However the buses were never utilized and the supplemental fleet was officially removed from service effective January 1 2012
Trip Scheduling LSF prepares trip schedules based on historical passenger counts and airport schedules The regular shifts for drivers are typically 8 hours with a 30 minute break after 4 hours of driving The trip schedule is prepared weekly by the LSF General Manager and adjusted daily by the dispatcher to facilitate actual flight delays or cancelations
Billing Process Services are billed to the county based on the contract rate per hour times the total actual hours of bus service provided
At the start of a route before leaving the lot drivers are required to perform a pre-trip vehicle inspection and complete a Daily Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) noting the condition and starting mileage of the vehicle Once the inspection is completed the DVIR is time stamped by the dispatcher to document the start of the billing period At the end of the shift the driver performs a post-trip vehicle inspection documents the end of shift mileage and the dispatcher time stamps the DVIR to document the end of the billing period
Daily the dispatchers prepare an electronic spreadsheet (Dispatch Sheet) to record the information on the DVIR such as bus number driverrsquos name starting and ending shift time and calculated total service hours by route Bi-monthly the Dispatch Sheets are tallied and forwarded to the billing manager who prepares the invoice After the invoices are signed by the project manager the invoice packages including copies of the Dispatch Sheets are sent to BCAD for payment
Passenger Counts and Customer Complaint Reporting LSF is required to provide BCAD with bi-monthly reports on the number of passengers transported and monthly reports summarizing the number of customer complaints
Passenger Count Drivers are required to manually count passengers transported and report the total to the dispatcher for each trip The dispatcher tallies the total number of the passengers by route daily and submits a report to BCAD along with the bi-monthly invoice showing total passenger counts For the contract period of March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 LSF transported approximately 149 million passengers Table 2 on the next page shows the passengers transported for calendar years 2009 through 2011
6 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 2 Passengers Counts
By Calendar Year 2009 through 2011 Calendar Year Passenger Count
2009 (Note 1) 4005330 2010 5485932 2011 5425497 Total 14916759
Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from LSF Note 1 Passenger count for the period from March 1 2009(beginning of contract) to
December 31 2009
Customer Complaints Customer complaints about shuttle services can be made to either BCAD or LSF using a self-addressed stamped card available on the buses via telephone using numbers displayed on the buses or via internet through FLLNET Complaints that are received by BCAD are forwarded to LSF Complaints that are made directly to LSF or forwarded from BCAD are investigated by LSF staff and summarized in a monthly report to BCAD
Insurance The contract requires LSF to provide Comprehensive General or Commercial Liability Business Automobile Liability Environmental Pollution Liability and Workerrsquos Compensation insurances Each policy must identify the County as an additional named insured on the insurance certificate
Contract Administration BCAD Operations personnel are responsible for oversight of shuttle bus operations and administration of the contract The duties include Review and approval of invoices Random daily inspection of buses and passenger wait times Periodic reviews of driver records and bus maintenance records and Review of compliance with Living Wage requirements
Invoice Review Process The BCAD Operations Manager reviews the bi-monthly invoice and compares the hours documented on the Dispatch Sheets to the hours billed The invoice is approved by the Operations Manager Director of Operations and BCADrsquos Finance Division management prior to forwarding to the Countyrsquos Accounting Division for payment
Vehicle Inspections and Passenger Wait Time Monitoring BCAD Operations staff performs daily random inspection of vehicles observes customer wait times on a test basis and documents the results on a Ground Transportation Vehicle Inspection Report (Inspection Report)
7 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
The passenger wait times are summarized by route and immediately discussed with LSFrsquos management to determine the cause if the wait time exceeds 15 minutes
Vehicle inspections are performed to ensure equipment safety and to determine whether drivers are complying with contractual requirements Discrepancies noted during the inspection are reported to LSF for correction
Living Wage Monitoring The contract with LSF is subject to the Countyrsquos Living Wage Ordinance BCAD Operations staff reviews the payroll records for LSF and its subcontractors twice a year to ensure compliance with Living Wage requirements
Payments to LSF The contract provides for hourly rates that include all costs associated with the operation of the shuttle bus service (maintenance repairs and fuel) Table 3 below shows three phases of hourly rates established in the contract
Table 3 Hourly Billing Rates
Phase Number Shuttle Bus Hourly Range
Operating Hourly Billing Rate
Phase One 150000 ndash 175000 hours $ 6053 per Hour
Phase Two 175001 ndash 200000 hours $ 6040 per Hour
Phase Three 200001 ndash 225000 hours $ 6280 per Hour Source As described in Article 52 of the LSF contract
Any change in phases of the hourly rate requires a continual increase or decrease in service hours for three consecutive months and the approval of the Director of BCAD Since inception of the contract the County has paid LSF the Phase One rate of $6053 per hour
In addition to the hourly rate the contract required the County to pay LSF $1190 per vehicle per month to provide preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses owned by the County The preventative maintenance program was discontinued on January 1 2012
Payment Summary During the period March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 the County paid LSF approximately $247 million including preventative maintenance costs of approximately $405000 summarized in Table 4 on the next page
8 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 4 Payments to LSF
By Calendar year through December 31 2011 Calendar Year Amount
2009 (Note 1) $ 7073924
2010 8530212
2011 9117141
Total $ 24721277 Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from Advantage and BCAD
Note 1 Payments for services from March 1 2009 (beginning of contract) to December 31 2009
Findings and Recommendations Finding 1 BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved
We performed a follow up review of two related previous reports The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 We found BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved The specifics of each finding recommendation and follow up action are detailed in Appendices A and B
We also noted that BCAD reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations Similar recommendations were included in a report issued by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C
Although management has taken significant steps in improving contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport our current review disclosed matters of contract compliance and process improvement detailed in Findings 2 through 4 below
Finding 2 LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements
We reviewed documentation to support compliance with selected contract requirements and found that LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding
1 Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 2 Training and hiring
9 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
3 Environmental pollution liability insurance and 4 The Living Wage Ordinance
LSF was overpaid $67608 for preventative maintenance on the supplemental fleet in 2011 Exhibit H of the contract requires LSF to perform preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses at a monthly cost of $1190 or $14281 per year per bus The preventative maintenance program includes the following requirements Three times weekly LSF shall warm up the engines for 15 minutes
exercise the buses by driving them 5 - 10 miles (exercise trips) and perform pre and post trip equipment inspections
Every 120 days LSF shall lubricate fittings change oil fuel and air filters and perform oil changes and
Every two years LSF shall flush and refill transmissions and repack the wheel bearings
We reviewed preventative maintenance records including DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two buses in 2009 and 2010 and for all ten buses in 2011 We found LSF was paid for 100 of the preventative maintenance in 2011 but did not perform all the required preventative maintenance specifically The contract requires LSF to drive the buses a total of 1560 exercise
trips however LSF performed 359 exercise trips in 2011 In addition the pre and post trip equipment inspections were not consistently documented and
The contract also requires LSF to provide a total of 30 filter and oil changes and lubrication of fittings However LSF only performed four during 2011
As a result LSF was overpaid approximately $67608 for preventive maintenance services on the supplemental buses in 2011
Nine (35) of 26 driver records reviewed did not include documentation of compliance with training and hiring requirements BCAD conducted a compliance review of driver records on September 29 2011 and found three deficiencies We performed a follow up review on the three driver files and noted that all issues have been resolved We then selected an additional 23 driver files including 16 hired after September 2011 and found the following deficiencies
1 Article 611 of the contract requires LSF to provide at least eight hours of customer service training annually to employees including drivers that have direct contact with the public We found eight driversrsquo files did not contain documentation to support the required eight hours of customer service training
2 Article 68 of the contract requires LSF to obtain background checks from the State of Florida Department of Law Enforcement or from other sources
10 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
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10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
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11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
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13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We have included recommendations in this report to address the findings noted above
Purpose and Scope The purpose of our review was to evaluate whether Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) complied with selected 2F
3 contract provisions We also evaluated Broward County Aviation Departmentrsquos (BCAD) contract administration and followed up on managementrsquos actions taken in response to recommendations noted in two prior reviews of
The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and
Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007
Our current review covered the contract period of March 1 2009 through December 31 2011
Methodology To accomplish our objectives we
Reviewed o The contract between Limousines of South Florida Inc and
Broward County dated February 3 2009 3F
4 and related amendments
o LSFrsquos invoices Dispatch Sheets Daily Vehicle Inspection Reports (DVIRs) time cards and other supporting documentation for January July and December 2011
o LSFrsquos DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two supplemental buses in 2009 and 2010 and all 10 supplemental buses in 2011
o LSFrsquos drivers records for selected employees o A sample of LSFrsquos Living Wage paychecks and insurance waiver
forms for January 2010 and July 2011 o LSFrsquos customer complaints reports in 2011 o BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports and selected Ground
Transportation Vehicle Inspection Reports in 2011 and o Selected internal and external agenciesrsquo reports on the review of
LSFrsquos driver records vehicle maintenance and shuttle bus
3 The review did not include an evaluation of compliance with the Community Disadvantage Business Enterprise (CDBE) requirements in the contract 4 An interim contract commenced on May 1 2008 prior to the permanent contract that became effective on February 3 2009
3 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
operations at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL)
Examined documentation to support compliance with selected contract provisions
Performed follow-up on managementrsquos response to recommendations noted in our prior compliance reviews of
o The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort dated June 18 2007 and
o Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 Interviewed LSF BCAD and BCT staff and Toured and observed the shuttle bus operations at FLL
Background On February 3 2009 the Board of County Commissioners entered into a five-year contract with Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) Under the contract LSF provides 24 hours a day seven days a week shuttle bus services at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL) between the terminals the parking facilities the Consolidated Rental Car Facility (RCC) and Port Everglades The current shuttle bus system consists of five routes Table 1 below shows a summary of the five shuttle bus routes and facilities served and hours of operations
Table 1 FLL Shuttle Bus Routes and Hours of Operation
Routes Facilities Served Hours of Operations RCC Terminals and RCC 24 hours Economy Parking Lot Terminals and Economy Parking 24 hours Inter-Terminal (loop) All Terminals 15 hours (6amndash9pm) Parking Garage Tram Palm and Hibiscus Garages 24 hours Port Everglades4F
5 RCC and Port Everglades On Demand Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from BCAD
Exhibit B of the contract requires LSF to schedule sufficient number of buses and trams and coordinate their positions throughout the designated routes to meet passenger demand and maintain maximum passenger wait time as follows
5 The Port Everglades route is operated at the request of Alamo Rent a Car to transport their customers tofrom the RCC and Port Everglades The cost of the service is reimbursed by the rental car company under a separate agreement with BCAD
4 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Economy Parking Lot Route 15 minutes RCC Route 10 minutes 5F
6
Parking Garage Tram Route 8 minutes Inter-Terminal Route 15 minutes Port Everglades on demand
Shuttle Bus Operations As of December 31 2011 LSF had 124 fulltime employees 87 drivers and 37 other staff (managers supervisors dispatchers mechanics safety training staff etc) to operate a fleet of 43 vehicles for the shuttle bus services at FLL
Drivers LSF drivers must pass drug and medical tests and possess a commercial driving license at least three years prior to employment The contract includes driver qualification criteria used by the Broward County Transportation Department (BCT) The contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include the following
a) More than one moving violation in the past three years b) An at-fault accident in the last three years c) Reckless driving within the last seven years d) Driving under the influence within the last seven years e) Hit-run or hit-run property damage f) Reckless driving causing injury or g) Combination of any violation that indicate a pattern of irresponsibility or
poor judgment
Equipment As of December 31 2011 the shuttle bus fleet consisted of a ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo of 43 vehicles and ldquoSupplemental Bus Fleetrdquo of ten buses All vehicles are owned by the County and the ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo is leased to LSF for $1 per vehicle per year Core Bus Fleet
The ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo consists of 35 buses two CoBuses 6F
7 three trams and three non-motorized trailers
Supplemental Bus Fleet The Supplemental Bus Fleet of 10 buses is designed to meet periodic increases in demand or for specific on-demand services as requested by
6 As advised by BCAD staff the maximum passenger wait time for RCC route was changed from 8 to 10 minutes in 2011 The amendment was finally approved by the Director of Aviation on May 4 2012 7 The two very large buses (accommodate about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading of passengers at remote aircraft parking positions in aircraft emergencies
5 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD However the buses were never utilized and the supplemental fleet was officially removed from service effective January 1 2012
Trip Scheduling LSF prepares trip schedules based on historical passenger counts and airport schedules The regular shifts for drivers are typically 8 hours with a 30 minute break after 4 hours of driving The trip schedule is prepared weekly by the LSF General Manager and adjusted daily by the dispatcher to facilitate actual flight delays or cancelations
Billing Process Services are billed to the county based on the contract rate per hour times the total actual hours of bus service provided
At the start of a route before leaving the lot drivers are required to perform a pre-trip vehicle inspection and complete a Daily Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) noting the condition and starting mileage of the vehicle Once the inspection is completed the DVIR is time stamped by the dispatcher to document the start of the billing period At the end of the shift the driver performs a post-trip vehicle inspection documents the end of shift mileage and the dispatcher time stamps the DVIR to document the end of the billing period
Daily the dispatchers prepare an electronic spreadsheet (Dispatch Sheet) to record the information on the DVIR such as bus number driverrsquos name starting and ending shift time and calculated total service hours by route Bi-monthly the Dispatch Sheets are tallied and forwarded to the billing manager who prepares the invoice After the invoices are signed by the project manager the invoice packages including copies of the Dispatch Sheets are sent to BCAD for payment
Passenger Counts and Customer Complaint Reporting LSF is required to provide BCAD with bi-monthly reports on the number of passengers transported and monthly reports summarizing the number of customer complaints
Passenger Count Drivers are required to manually count passengers transported and report the total to the dispatcher for each trip The dispatcher tallies the total number of the passengers by route daily and submits a report to BCAD along with the bi-monthly invoice showing total passenger counts For the contract period of March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 LSF transported approximately 149 million passengers Table 2 on the next page shows the passengers transported for calendar years 2009 through 2011
6 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 2 Passengers Counts
By Calendar Year 2009 through 2011 Calendar Year Passenger Count
2009 (Note 1) 4005330 2010 5485932 2011 5425497 Total 14916759
Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from LSF Note 1 Passenger count for the period from March 1 2009(beginning of contract) to
December 31 2009
Customer Complaints Customer complaints about shuttle services can be made to either BCAD or LSF using a self-addressed stamped card available on the buses via telephone using numbers displayed on the buses or via internet through FLLNET Complaints that are received by BCAD are forwarded to LSF Complaints that are made directly to LSF or forwarded from BCAD are investigated by LSF staff and summarized in a monthly report to BCAD
Insurance The contract requires LSF to provide Comprehensive General or Commercial Liability Business Automobile Liability Environmental Pollution Liability and Workerrsquos Compensation insurances Each policy must identify the County as an additional named insured on the insurance certificate
Contract Administration BCAD Operations personnel are responsible for oversight of shuttle bus operations and administration of the contract The duties include Review and approval of invoices Random daily inspection of buses and passenger wait times Periodic reviews of driver records and bus maintenance records and Review of compliance with Living Wage requirements
Invoice Review Process The BCAD Operations Manager reviews the bi-monthly invoice and compares the hours documented on the Dispatch Sheets to the hours billed The invoice is approved by the Operations Manager Director of Operations and BCADrsquos Finance Division management prior to forwarding to the Countyrsquos Accounting Division for payment
Vehicle Inspections and Passenger Wait Time Monitoring BCAD Operations staff performs daily random inspection of vehicles observes customer wait times on a test basis and documents the results on a Ground Transportation Vehicle Inspection Report (Inspection Report)
7 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
The passenger wait times are summarized by route and immediately discussed with LSFrsquos management to determine the cause if the wait time exceeds 15 minutes
Vehicle inspections are performed to ensure equipment safety and to determine whether drivers are complying with contractual requirements Discrepancies noted during the inspection are reported to LSF for correction
Living Wage Monitoring The contract with LSF is subject to the Countyrsquos Living Wage Ordinance BCAD Operations staff reviews the payroll records for LSF and its subcontractors twice a year to ensure compliance with Living Wage requirements
Payments to LSF The contract provides for hourly rates that include all costs associated with the operation of the shuttle bus service (maintenance repairs and fuel) Table 3 below shows three phases of hourly rates established in the contract
Table 3 Hourly Billing Rates
Phase Number Shuttle Bus Hourly Range
Operating Hourly Billing Rate
Phase One 150000 ndash 175000 hours $ 6053 per Hour
Phase Two 175001 ndash 200000 hours $ 6040 per Hour
Phase Three 200001 ndash 225000 hours $ 6280 per Hour Source As described in Article 52 of the LSF contract
Any change in phases of the hourly rate requires a continual increase or decrease in service hours for three consecutive months and the approval of the Director of BCAD Since inception of the contract the County has paid LSF the Phase One rate of $6053 per hour
In addition to the hourly rate the contract required the County to pay LSF $1190 per vehicle per month to provide preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses owned by the County The preventative maintenance program was discontinued on January 1 2012
Payment Summary During the period March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 the County paid LSF approximately $247 million including preventative maintenance costs of approximately $405000 summarized in Table 4 on the next page
8 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 4 Payments to LSF
By Calendar year through December 31 2011 Calendar Year Amount
2009 (Note 1) $ 7073924
2010 8530212
2011 9117141
Total $ 24721277 Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from Advantage and BCAD
Note 1 Payments for services from March 1 2009 (beginning of contract) to December 31 2009
Findings and Recommendations Finding 1 BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved
We performed a follow up review of two related previous reports The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 We found BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved The specifics of each finding recommendation and follow up action are detailed in Appendices A and B
We also noted that BCAD reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations Similar recommendations were included in a report issued by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C
Although management has taken significant steps in improving contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport our current review disclosed matters of contract compliance and process improvement detailed in Findings 2 through 4 below
Finding 2 LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements
We reviewed documentation to support compliance with selected contract requirements and found that LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding
1 Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 2 Training and hiring
9 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
3 Environmental pollution liability insurance and 4 The Living Wage Ordinance
LSF was overpaid $67608 for preventative maintenance on the supplemental fleet in 2011 Exhibit H of the contract requires LSF to perform preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses at a monthly cost of $1190 or $14281 per year per bus The preventative maintenance program includes the following requirements Three times weekly LSF shall warm up the engines for 15 minutes
exercise the buses by driving them 5 - 10 miles (exercise trips) and perform pre and post trip equipment inspections
Every 120 days LSF shall lubricate fittings change oil fuel and air filters and perform oil changes and
Every two years LSF shall flush and refill transmissions and repack the wheel bearings
We reviewed preventative maintenance records including DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two buses in 2009 and 2010 and for all ten buses in 2011 We found LSF was paid for 100 of the preventative maintenance in 2011 but did not perform all the required preventative maintenance specifically The contract requires LSF to drive the buses a total of 1560 exercise
trips however LSF performed 359 exercise trips in 2011 In addition the pre and post trip equipment inspections were not consistently documented and
The contract also requires LSF to provide a total of 30 filter and oil changes and lubrication of fittings However LSF only performed four during 2011
As a result LSF was overpaid approximately $67608 for preventive maintenance services on the supplemental buses in 2011
Nine (35) of 26 driver records reviewed did not include documentation of compliance with training and hiring requirements BCAD conducted a compliance review of driver records on September 29 2011 and found three deficiencies We performed a follow up review on the three driver files and noted that all issues have been resolved We then selected an additional 23 driver files including 16 hired after September 2011 and found the following deficiencies
1 Article 611 of the contract requires LSF to provide at least eight hours of customer service training annually to employees including drivers that have direct contact with the public We found eight driversrsquo files did not contain documentation to support the required eight hours of customer service training
2 Article 68 of the contract requires LSF to obtain background checks from the State of Florida Department of Law Enforcement or from other sources
10 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
operations at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL)
Examined documentation to support compliance with selected contract provisions
Performed follow-up on managementrsquos response to recommendations noted in our prior compliance reviews of
o The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort dated June 18 2007 and
o Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 Interviewed LSF BCAD and BCT staff and Toured and observed the shuttle bus operations at FLL
Background On February 3 2009 the Board of County Commissioners entered into a five-year contract with Limousines of South Florida Inc (LSF) Under the contract LSF provides 24 hours a day seven days a week shuttle bus services at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport (FLL) between the terminals the parking facilities the Consolidated Rental Car Facility (RCC) and Port Everglades The current shuttle bus system consists of five routes Table 1 below shows a summary of the five shuttle bus routes and facilities served and hours of operations
Table 1 FLL Shuttle Bus Routes and Hours of Operation
Routes Facilities Served Hours of Operations RCC Terminals and RCC 24 hours Economy Parking Lot Terminals and Economy Parking 24 hours Inter-Terminal (loop) All Terminals 15 hours (6amndash9pm) Parking Garage Tram Palm and Hibiscus Garages 24 hours Port Everglades4F
5 RCC and Port Everglades On Demand Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from BCAD
Exhibit B of the contract requires LSF to schedule sufficient number of buses and trams and coordinate their positions throughout the designated routes to meet passenger demand and maintain maximum passenger wait time as follows
5 The Port Everglades route is operated at the request of Alamo Rent a Car to transport their customers tofrom the RCC and Port Everglades The cost of the service is reimbursed by the rental car company under a separate agreement with BCAD
4 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Economy Parking Lot Route 15 minutes RCC Route 10 minutes 5F
6
Parking Garage Tram Route 8 minutes Inter-Terminal Route 15 minutes Port Everglades on demand
Shuttle Bus Operations As of December 31 2011 LSF had 124 fulltime employees 87 drivers and 37 other staff (managers supervisors dispatchers mechanics safety training staff etc) to operate a fleet of 43 vehicles for the shuttle bus services at FLL
Drivers LSF drivers must pass drug and medical tests and possess a commercial driving license at least three years prior to employment The contract includes driver qualification criteria used by the Broward County Transportation Department (BCT) The contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include the following
a) More than one moving violation in the past three years b) An at-fault accident in the last three years c) Reckless driving within the last seven years d) Driving under the influence within the last seven years e) Hit-run or hit-run property damage f) Reckless driving causing injury or g) Combination of any violation that indicate a pattern of irresponsibility or
poor judgment
Equipment As of December 31 2011 the shuttle bus fleet consisted of a ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo of 43 vehicles and ldquoSupplemental Bus Fleetrdquo of ten buses All vehicles are owned by the County and the ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo is leased to LSF for $1 per vehicle per year Core Bus Fleet
The ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo consists of 35 buses two CoBuses 6F
7 three trams and three non-motorized trailers
Supplemental Bus Fleet The Supplemental Bus Fleet of 10 buses is designed to meet periodic increases in demand or for specific on-demand services as requested by
6 As advised by BCAD staff the maximum passenger wait time for RCC route was changed from 8 to 10 minutes in 2011 The amendment was finally approved by the Director of Aviation on May 4 2012 7 The two very large buses (accommodate about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading of passengers at remote aircraft parking positions in aircraft emergencies
5 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD However the buses were never utilized and the supplemental fleet was officially removed from service effective January 1 2012
Trip Scheduling LSF prepares trip schedules based on historical passenger counts and airport schedules The regular shifts for drivers are typically 8 hours with a 30 minute break after 4 hours of driving The trip schedule is prepared weekly by the LSF General Manager and adjusted daily by the dispatcher to facilitate actual flight delays or cancelations
Billing Process Services are billed to the county based on the contract rate per hour times the total actual hours of bus service provided
At the start of a route before leaving the lot drivers are required to perform a pre-trip vehicle inspection and complete a Daily Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) noting the condition and starting mileage of the vehicle Once the inspection is completed the DVIR is time stamped by the dispatcher to document the start of the billing period At the end of the shift the driver performs a post-trip vehicle inspection documents the end of shift mileage and the dispatcher time stamps the DVIR to document the end of the billing period
Daily the dispatchers prepare an electronic spreadsheet (Dispatch Sheet) to record the information on the DVIR such as bus number driverrsquos name starting and ending shift time and calculated total service hours by route Bi-monthly the Dispatch Sheets are tallied and forwarded to the billing manager who prepares the invoice After the invoices are signed by the project manager the invoice packages including copies of the Dispatch Sheets are sent to BCAD for payment
Passenger Counts and Customer Complaint Reporting LSF is required to provide BCAD with bi-monthly reports on the number of passengers transported and monthly reports summarizing the number of customer complaints
Passenger Count Drivers are required to manually count passengers transported and report the total to the dispatcher for each trip The dispatcher tallies the total number of the passengers by route daily and submits a report to BCAD along with the bi-monthly invoice showing total passenger counts For the contract period of March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 LSF transported approximately 149 million passengers Table 2 on the next page shows the passengers transported for calendar years 2009 through 2011
6 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 2 Passengers Counts
By Calendar Year 2009 through 2011 Calendar Year Passenger Count
2009 (Note 1) 4005330 2010 5485932 2011 5425497 Total 14916759
Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from LSF Note 1 Passenger count for the period from March 1 2009(beginning of contract) to
December 31 2009
Customer Complaints Customer complaints about shuttle services can be made to either BCAD or LSF using a self-addressed stamped card available on the buses via telephone using numbers displayed on the buses or via internet through FLLNET Complaints that are received by BCAD are forwarded to LSF Complaints that are made directly to LSF or forwarded from BCAD are investigated by LSF staff and summarized in a monthly report to BCAD
Insurance The contract requires LSF to provide Comprehensive General or Commercial Liability Business Automobile Liability Environmental Pollution Liability and Workerrsquos Compensation insurances Each policy must identify the County as an additional named insured on the insurance certificate
Contract Administration BCAD Operations personnel are responsible for oversight of shuttle bus operations and administration of the contract The duties include Review and approval of invoices Random daily inspection of buses and passenger wait times Periodic reviews of driver records and bus maintenance records and Review of compliance with Living Wage requirements
Invoice Review Process The BCAD Operations Manager reviews the bi-monthly invoice and compares the hours documented on the Dispatch Sheets to the hours billed The invoice is approved by the Operations Manager Director of Operations and BCADrsquos Finance Division management prior to forwarding to the Countyrsquos Accounting Division for payment
Vehicle Inspections and Passenger Wait Time Monitoring BCAD Operations staff performs daily random inspection of vehicles observes customer wait times on a test basis and documents the results on a Ground Transportation Vehicle Inspection Report (Inspection Report)
7 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
The passenger wait times are summarized by route and immediately discussed with LSFrsquos management to determine the cause if the wait time exceeds 15 minutes
Vehicle inspections are performed to ensure equipment safety and to determine whether drivers are complying with contractual requirements Discrepancies noted during the inspection are reported to LSF for correction
Living Wage Monitoring The contract with LSF is subject to the Countyrsquos Living Wage Ordinance BCAD Operations staff reviews the payroll records for LSF and its subcontractors twice a year to ensure compliance with Living Wage requirements
Payments to LSF The contract provides for hourly rates that include all costs associated with the operation of the shuttle bus service (maintenance repairs and fuel) Table 3 below shows three phases of hourly rates established in the contract
Table 3 Hourly Billing Rates
Phase Number Shuttle Bus Hourly Range
Operating Hourly Billing Rate
Phase One 150000 ndash 175000 hours $ 6053 per Hour
Phase Two 175001 ndash 200000 hours $ 6040 per Hour
Phase Three 200001 ndash 225000 hours $ 6280 per Hour Source As described in Article 52 of the LSF contract
Any change in phases of the hourly rate requires a continual increase or decrease in service hours for three consecutive months and the approval of the Director of BCAD Since inception of the contract the County has paid LSF the Phase One rate of $6053 per hour
In addition to the hourly rate the contract required the County to pay LSF $1190 per vehicle per month to provide preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses owned by the County The preventative maintenance program was discontinued on January 1 2012
Payment Summary During the period March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 the County paid LSF approximately $247 million including preventative maintenance costs of approximately $405000 summarized in Table 4 on the next page
8 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 4 Payments to LSF
By Calendar year through December 31 2011 Calendar Year Amount
2009 (Note 1) $ 7073924
2010 8530212
2011 9117141
Total $ 24721277 Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from Advantage and BCAD
Note 1 Payments for services from March 1 2009 (beginning of contract) to December 31 2009
Findings and Recommendations Finding 1 BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved
We performed a follow up review of two related previous reports The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 We found BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved The specifics of each finding recommendation and follow up action are detailed in Appendices A and B
We also noted that BCAD reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations Similar recommendations were included in a report issued by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C
Although management has taken significant steps in improving contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport our current review disclosed matters of contract compliance and process improvement detailed in Findings 2 through 4 below
Finding 2 LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements
We reviewed documentation to support compliance with selected contract requirements and found that LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding
1 Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 2 Training and hiring
9 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
3 Environmental pollution liability insurance and 4 The Living Wage Ordinance
LSF was overpaid $67608 for preventative maintenance on the supplemental fleet in 2011 Exhibit H of the contract requires LSF to perform preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses at a monthly cost of $1190 or $14281 per year per bus The preventative maintenance program includes the following requirements Three times weekly LSF shall warm up the engines for 15 minutes
exercise the buses by driving them 5 - 10 miles (exercise trips) and perform pre and post trip equipment inspections
Every 120 days LSF shall lubricate fittings change oil fuel and air filters and perform oil changes and
Every two years LSF shall flush and refill transmissions and repack the wheel bearings
We reviewed preventative maintenance records including DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two buses in 2009 and 2010 and for all ten buses in 2011 We found LSF was paid for 100 of the preventative maintenance in 2011 but did not perform all the required preventative maintenance specifically The contract requires LSF to drive the buses a total of 1560 exercise
trips however LSF performed 359 exercise trips in 2011 In addition the pre and post trip equipment inspections were not consistently documented and
The contract also requires LSF to provide a total of 30 filter and oil changes and lubrication of fittings However LSF only performed four during 2011
As a result LSF was overpaid approximately $67608 for preventive maintenance services on the supplemental buses in 2011
Nine (35) of 26 driver records reviewed did not include documentation of compliance with training and hiring requirements BCAD conducted a compliance review of driver records on September 29 2011 and found three deficiencies We performed a follow up review on the three driver files and noted that all issues have been resolved We then selected an additional 23 driver files including 16 hired after September 2011 and found the following deficiencies
1 Article 611 of the contract requires LSF to provide at least eight hours of customer service training annually to employees including drivers that have direct contact with the public We found eight driversrsquo files did not contain documentation to support the required eight hours of customer service training
2 Article 68 of the contract requires LSF to obtain background checks from the State of Florida Department of Law Enforcement or from other sources
10 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Economy Parking Lot Route 15 minutes RCC Route 10 minutes 5F
6
Parking Garage Tram Route 8 minutes Inter-Terminal Route 15 minutes Port Everglades on demand
Shuttle Bus Operations As of December 31 2011 LSF had 124 fulltime employees 87 drivers and 37 other staff (managers supervisors dispatchers mechanics safety training staff etc) to operate a fleet of 43 vehicles for the shuttle bus services at FLL
Drivers LSF drivers must pass drug and medical tests and possess a commercial driving license at least three years prior to employment The contract includes driver qualification criteria used by the Broward County Transportation Department (BCT) The contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include the following
a) More than one moving violation in the past three years b) An at-fault accident in the last three years c) Reckless driving within the last seven years d) Driving under the influence within the last seven years e) Hit-run or hit-run property damage f) Reckless driving causing injury or g) Combination of any violation that indicate a pattern of irresponsibility or
poor judgment
Equipment As of December 31 2011 the shuttle bus fleet consisted of a ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo of 43 vehicles and ldquoSupplemental Bus Fleetrdquo of ten buses All vehicles are owned by the County and the ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo is leased to LSF for $1 per vehicle per year Core Bus Fleet
The ldquoCore Bus Fleetrdquo consists of 35 buses two CoBuses 6F
7 three trams and three non-motorized trailers
Supplemental Bus Fleet The Supplemental Bus Fleet of 10 buses is designed to meet periodic increases in demand or for specific on-demand services as requested by
6 As advised by BCAD staff the maximum passenger wait time for RCC route was changed from 8 to 10 minutes in 2011 The amendment was finally approved by the Director of Aviation on May 4 2012 7 The two very large buses (accommodate about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading of passengers at remote aircraft parking positions in aircraft emergencies
5 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD However the buses were never utilized and the supplemental fleet was officially removed from service effective January 1 2012
Trip Scheduling LSF prepares trip schedules based on historical passenger counts and airport schedules The regular shifts for drivers are typically 8 hours with a 30 minute break after 4 hours of driving The trip schedule is prepared weekly by the LSF General Manager and adjusted daily by the dispatcher to facilitate actual flight delays or cancelations
Billing Process Services are billed to the county based on the contract rate per hour times the total actual hours of bus service provided
At the start of a route before leaving the lot drivers are required to perform a pre-trip vehicle inspection and complete a Daily Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) noting the condition and starting mileage of the vehicle Once the inspection is completed the DVIR is time stamped by the dispatcher to document the start of the billing period At the end of the shift the driver performs a post-trip vehicle inspection documents the end of shift mileage and the dispatcher time stamps the DVIR to document the end of the billing period
Daily the dispatchers prepare an electronic spreadsheet (Dispatch Sheet) to record the information on the DVIR such as bus number driverrsquos name starting and ending shift time and calculated total service hours by route Bi-monthly the Dispatch Sheets are tallied and forwarded to the billing manager who prepares the invoice After the invoices are signed by the project manager the invoice packages including copies of the Dispatch Sheets are sent to BCAD for payment
Passenger Counts and Customer Complaint Reporting LSF is required to provide BCAD with bi-monthly reports on the number of passengers transported and monthly reports summarizing the number of customer complaints
Passenger Count Drivers are required to manually count passengers transported and report the total to the dispatcher for each trip The dispatcher tallies the total number of the passengers by route daily and submits a report to BCAD along with the bi-monthly invoice showing total passenger counts For the contract period of March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 LSF transported approximately 149 million passengers Table 2 on the next page shows the passengers transported for calendar years 2009 through 2011
6 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 2 Passengers Counts
By Calendar Year 2009 through 2011 Calendar Year Passenger Count
2009 (Note 1) 4005330 2010 5485932 2011 5425497 Total 14916759
Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from LSF Note 1 Passenger count for the period from March 1 2009(beginning of contract) to
December 31 2009
Customer Complaints Customer complaints about shuttle services can be made to either BCAD or LSF using a self-addressed stamped card available on the buses via telephone using numbers displayed on the buses or via internet through FLLNET Complaints that are received by BCAD are forwarded to LSF Complaints that are made directly to LSF or forwarded from BCAD are investigated by LSF staff and summarized in a monthly report to BCAD
Insurance The contract requires LSF to provide Comprehensive General or Commercial Liability Business Automobile Liability Environmental Pollution Liability and Workerrsquos Compensation insurances Each policy must identify the County as an additional named insured on the insurance certificate
Contract Administration BCAD Operations personnel are responsible for oversight of shuttle bus operations and administration of the contract The duties include Review and approval of invoices Random daily inspection of buses and passenger wait times Periodic reviews of driver records and bus maintenance records and Review of compliance with Living Wage requirements
Invoice Review Process The BCAD Operations Manager reviews the bi-monthly invoice and compares the hours documented on the Dispatch Sheets to the hours billed The invoice is approved by the Operations Manager Director of Operations and BCADrsquos Finance Division management prior to forwarding to the Countyrsquos Accounting Division for payment
Vehicle Inspections and Passenger Wait Time Monitoring BCAD Operations staff performs daily random inspection of vehicles observes customer wait times on a test basis and documents the results on a Ground Transportation Vehicle Inspection Report (Inspection Report)
7 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
The passenger wait times are summarized by route and immediately discussed with LSFrsquos management to determine the cause if the wait time exceeds 15 minutes
Vehicle inspections are performed to ensure equipment safety and to determine whether drivers are complying with contractual requirements Discrepancies noted during the inspection are reported to LSF for correction
Living Wage Monitoring The contract with LSF is subject to the Countyrsquos Living Wage Ordinance BCAD Operations staff reviews the payroll records for LSF and its subcontractors twice a year to ensure compliance with Living Wage requirements
Payments to LSF The contract provides for hourly rates that include all costs associated with the operation of the shuttle bus service (maintenance repairs and fuel) Table 3 below shows three phases of hourly rates established in the contract
Table 3 Hourly Billing Rates
Phase Number Shuttle Bus Hourly Range
Operating Hourly Billing Rate
Phase One 150000 ndash 175000 hours $ 6053 per Hour
Phase Two 175001 ndash 200000 hours $ 6040 per Hour
Phase Three 200001 ndash 225000 hours $ 6280 per Hour Source As described in Article 52 of the LSF contract
Any change in phases of the hourly rate requires a continual increase or decrease in service hours for three consecutive months and the approval of the Director of BCAD Since inception of the contract the County has paid LSF the Phase One rate of $6053 per hour
In addition to the hourly rate the contract required the County to pay LSF $1190 per vehicle per month to provide preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses owned by the County The preventative maintenance program was discontinued on January 1 2012
Payment Summary During the period March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 the County paid LSF approximately $247 million including preventative maintenance costs of approximately $405000 summarized in Table 4 on the next page
8 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 4 Payments to LSF
By Calendar year through December 31 2011 Calendar Year Amount
2009 (Note 1) $ 7073924
2010 8530212
2011 9117141
Total $ 24721277 Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from Advantage and BCAD
Note 1 Payments for services from March 1 2009 (beginning of contract) to December 31 2009
Findings and Recommendations Finding 1 BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved
We performed a follow up review of two related previous reports The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 We found BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved The specifics of each finding recommendation and follow up action are detailed in Appendices A and B
We also noted that BCAD reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations Similar recommendations were included in a report issued by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C
Although management has taken significant steps in improving contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport our current review disclosed matters of contract compliance and process improvement detailed in Findings 2 through 4 below
Finding 2 LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements
We reviewed documentation to support compliance with selected contract requirements and found that LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding
1 Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 2 Training and hiring
9 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
3 Environmental pollution liability insurance and 4 The Living Wage Ordinance
LSF was overpaid $67608 for preventative maintenance on the supplemental fleet in 2011 Exhibit H of the contract requires LSF to perform preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses at a monthly cost of $1190 or $14281 per year per bus The preventative maintenance program includes the following requirements Three times weekly LSF shall warm up the engines for 15 minutes
exercise the buses by driving them 5 - 10 miles (exercise trips) and perform pre and post trip equipment inspections
Every 120 days LSF shall lubricate fittings change oil fuel and air filters and perform oil changes and
Every two years LSF shall flush and refill transmissions and repack the wheel bearings
We reviewed preventative maintenance records including DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two buses in 2009 and 2010 and for all ten buses in 2011 We found LSF was paid for 100 of the preventative maintenance in 2011 but did not perform all the required preventative maintenance specifically The contract requires LSF to drive the buses a total of 1560 exercise
trips however LSF performed 359 exercise trips in 2011 In addition the pre and post trip equipment inspections were not consistently documented and
The contract also requires LSF to provide a total of 30 filter and oil changes and lubrication of fittings However LSF only performed four during 2011
As a result LSF was overpaid approximately $67608 for preventive maintenance services on the supplemental buses in 2011
Nine (35) of 26 driver records reviewed did not include documentation of compliance with training and hiring requirements BCAD conducted a compliance review of driver records on September 29 2011 and found three deficiencies We performed a follow up review on the three driver files and noted that all issues have been resolved We then selected an additional 23 driver files including 16 hired after September 2011 and found the following deficiencies
1 Article 611 of the contract requires LSF to provide at least eight hours of customer service training annually to employees including drivers that have direct contact with the public We found eight driversrsquo files did not contain documentation to support the required eight hours of customer service training
2 Article 68 of the contract requires LSF to obtain background checks from the State of Florida Department of Law Enforcement or from other sources
10 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD However the buses were never utilized and the supplemental fleet was officially removed from service effective January 1 2012
Trip Scheduling LSF prepares trip schedules based on historical passenger counts and airport schedules The regular shifts for drivers are typically 8 hours with a 30 minute break after 4 hours of driving The trip schedule is prepared weekly by the LSF General Manager and adjusted daily by the dispatcher to facilitate actual flight delays or cancelations
Billing Process Services are billed to the county based on the contract rate per hour times the total actual hours of bus service provided
At the start of a route before leaving the lot drivers are required to perform a pre-trip vehicle inspection and complete a Daily Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) noting the condition and starting mileage of the vehicle Once the inspection is completed the DVIR is time stamped by the dispatcher to document the start of the billing period At the end of the shift the driver performs a post-trip vehicle inspection documents the end of shift mileage and the dispatcher time stamps the DVIR to document the end of the billing period
Daily the dispatchers prepare an electronic spreadsheet (Dispatch Sheet) to record the information on the DVIR such as bus number driverrsquos name starting and ending shift time and calculated total service hours by route Bi-monthly the Dispatch Sheets are tallied and forwarded to the billing manager who prepares the invoice After the invoices are signed by the project manager the invoice packages including copies of the Dispatch Sheets are sent to BCAD for payment
Passenger Counts and Customer Complaint Reporting LSF is required to provide BCAD with bi-monthly reports on the number of passengers transported and monthly reports summarizing the number of customer complaints
Passenger Count Drivers are required to manually count passengers transported and report the total to the dispatcher for each trip The dispatcher tallies the total number of the passengers by route daily and submits a report to BCAD along with the bi-monthly invoice showing total passenger counts For the contract period of March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 LSF transported approximately 149 million passengers Table 2 on the next page shows the passengers transported for calendar years 2009 through 2011
6 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 2 Passengers Counts
By Calendar Year 2009 through 2011 Calendar Year Passenger Count
2009 (Note 1) 4005330 2010 5485932 2011 5425497 Total 14916759
Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from LSF Note 1 Passenger count for the period from March 1 2009(beginning of contract) to
December 31 2009
Customer Complaints Customer complaints about shuttle services can be made to either BCAD or LSF using a self-addressed stamped card available on the buses via telephone using numbers displayed on the buses or via internet through FLLNET Complaints that are received by BCAD are forwarded to LSF Complaints that are made directly to LSF or forwarded from BCAD are investigated by LSF staff and summarized in a monthly report to BCAD
Insurance The contract requires LSF to provide Comprehensive General or Commercial Liability Business Automobile Liability Environmental Pollution Liability and Workerrsquos Compensation insurances Each policy must identify the County as an additional named insured on the insurance certificate
Contract Administration BCAD Operations personnel are responsible for oversight of shuttle bus operations and administration of the contract The duties include Review and approval of invoices Random daily inspection of buses and passenger wait times Periodic reviews of driver records and bus maintenance records and Review of compliance with Living Wage requirements
Invoice Review Process The BCAD Operations Manager reviews the bi-monthly invoice and compares the hours documented on the Dispatch Sheets to the hours billed The invoice is approved by the Operations Manager Director of Operations and BCADrsquos Finance Division management prior to forwarding to the Countyrsquos Accounting Division for payment
Vehicle Inspections and Passenger Wait Time Monitoring BCAD Operations staff performs daily random inspection of vehicles observes customer wait times on a test basis and documents the results on a Ground Transportation Vehicle Inspection Report (Inspection Report)
7 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
The passenger wait times are summarized by route and immediately discussed with LSFrsquos management to determine the cause if the wait time exceeds 15 minutes
Vehicle inspections are performed to ensure equipment safety and to determine whether drivers are complying with contractual requirements Discrepancies noted during the inspection are reported to LSF for correction
Living Wage Monitoring The contract with LSF is subject to the Countyrsquos Living Wage Ordinance BCAD Operations staff reviews the payroll records for LSF and its subcontractors twice a year to ensure compliance with Living Wage requirements
Payments to LSF The contract provides for hourly rates that include all costs associated with the operation of the shuttle bus service (maintenance repairs and fuel) Table 3 below shows three phases of hourly rates established in the contract
Table 3 Hourly Billing Rates
Phase Number Shuttle Bus Hourly Range
Operating Hourly Billing Rate
Phase One 150000 ndash 175000 hours $ 6053 per Hour
Phase Two 175001 ndash 200000 hours $ 6040 per Hour
Phase Three 200001 ndash 225000 hours $ 6280 per Hour Source As described in Article 52 of the LSF contract
Any change in phases of the hourly rate requires a continual increase or decrease in service hours for three consecutive months and the approval of the Director of BCAD Since inception of the contract the County has paid LSF the Phase One rate of $6053 per hour
In addition to the hourly rate the contract required the County to pay LSF $1190 per vehicle per month to provide preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses owned by the County The preventative maintenance program was discontinued on January 1 2012
Payment Summary During the period March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 the County paid LSF approximately $247 million including preventative maintenance costs of approximately $405000 summarized in Table 4 on the next page
8 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 4 Payments to LSF
By Calendar year through December 31 2011 Calendar Year Amount
2009 (Note 1) $ 7073924
2010 8530212
2011 9117141
Total $ 24721277 Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from Advantage and BCAD
Note 1 Payments for services from March 1 2009 (beginning of contract) to December 31 2009
Findings and Recommendations Finding 1 BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved
We performed a follow up review of two related previous reports The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 We found BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved The specifics of each finding recommendation and follow up action are detailed in Appendices A and B
We also noted that BCAD reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations Similar recommendations were included in a report issued by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C
Although management has taken significant steps in improving contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport our current review disclosed matters of contract compliance and process improvement detailed in Findings 2 through 4 below
Finding 2 LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements
We reviewed documentation to support compliance with selected contract requirements and found that LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding
1 Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 2 Training and hiring
9 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
3 Environmental pollution liability insurance and 4 The Living Wage Ordinance
LSF was overpaid $67608 for preventative maintenance on the supplemental fleet in 2011 Exhibit H of the contract requires LSF to perform preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses at a monthly cost of $1190 or $14281 per year per bus The preventative maintenance program includes the following requirements Three times weekly LSF shall warm up the engines for 15 minutes
exercise the buses by driving them 5 - 10 miles (exercise trips) and perform pre and post trip equipment inspections
Every 120 days LSF shall lubricate fittings change oil fuel and air filters and perform oil changes and
Every two years LSF shall flush and refill transmissions and repack the wheel bearings
We reviewed preventative maintenance records including DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two buses in 2009 and 2010 and for all ten buses in 2011 We found LSF was paid for 100 of the preventative maintenance in 2011 but did not perform all the required preventative maintenance specifically The contract requires LSF to drive the buses a total of 1560 exercise
trips however LSF performed 359 exercise trips in 2011 In addition the pre and post trip equipment inspections were not consistently documented and
The contract also requires LSF to provide a total of 30 filter and oil changes and lubrication of fittings However LSF only performed four during 2011
As a result LSF was overpaid approximately $67608 for preventive maintenance services on the supplemental buses in 2011
Nine (35) of 26 driver records reviewed did not include documentation of compliance with training and hiring requirements BCAD conducted a compliance review of driver records on September 29 2011 and found three deficiencies We performed a follow up review on the three driver files and noted that all issues have been resolved We then selected an additional 23 driver files including 16 hired after September 2011 and found the following deficiencies
1 Article 611 of the contract requires LSF to provide at least eight hours of customer service training annually to employees including drivers that have direct contact with the public We found eight driversrsquo files did not contain documentation to support the required eight hours of customer service training
2 Article 68 of the contract requires LSF to obtain background checks from the State of Florida Department of Law Enforcement or from other sources
10 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 2 Passengers Counts
By Calendar Year 2009 through 2011 Calendar Year Passenger Count
2009 (Note 1) 4005330 2010 5485932 2011 5425497 Total 14916759
Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from LSF Note 1 Passenger count for the period from March 1 2009(beginning of contract) to
December 31 2009
Customer Complaints Customer complaints about shuttle services can be made to either BCAD or LSF using a self-addressed stamped card available on the buses via telephone using numbers displayed on the buses or via internet through FLLNET Complaints that are received by BCAD are forwarded to LSF Complaints that are made directly to LSF or forwarded from BCAD are investigated by LSF staff and summarized in a monthly report to BCAD
Insurance The contract requires LSF to provide Comprehensive General or Commercial Liability Business Automobile Liability Environmental Pollution Liability and Workerrsquos Compensation insurances Each policy must identify the County as an additional named insured on the insurance certificate
Contract Administration BCAD Operations personnel are responsible for oversight of shuttle bus operations and administration of the contract The duties include Review and approval of invoices Random daily inspection of buses and passenger wait times Periodic reviews of driver records and bus maintenance records and Review of compliance with Living Wage requirements
Invoice Review Process The BCAD Operations Manager reviews the bi-monthly invoice and compares the hours documented on the Dispatch Sheets to the hours billed The invoice is approved by the Operations Manager Director of Operations and BCADrsquos Finance Division management prior to forwarding to the Countyrsquos Accounting Division for payment
Vehicle Inspections and Passenger Wait Time Monitoring BCAD Operations staff performs daily random inspection of vehicles observes customer wait times on a test basis and documents the results on a Ground Transportation Vehicle Inspection Report (Inspection Report)
7 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
The passenger wait times are summarized by route and immediately discussed with LSFrsquos management to determine the cause if the wait time exceeds 15 minutes
Vehicle inspections are performed to ensure equipment safety and to determine whether drivers are complying with contractual requirements Discrepancies noted during the inspection are reported to LSF for correction
Living Wage Monitoring The contract with LSF is subject to the Countyrsquos Living Wage Ordinance BCAD Operations staff reviews the payroll records for LSF and its subcontractors twice a year to ensure compliance with Living Wage requirements
Payments to LSF The contract provides for hourly rates that include all costs associated with the operation of the shuttle bus service (maintenance repairs and fuel) Table 3 below shows three phases of hourly rates established in the contract
Table 3 Hourly Billing Rates
Phase Number Shuttle Bus Hourly Range
Operating Hourly Billing Rate
Phase One 150000 ndash 175000 hours $ 6053 per Hour
Phase Two 175001 ndash 200000 hours $ 6040 per Hour
Phase Three 200001 ndash 225000 hours $ 6280 per Hour Source As described in Article 52 of the LSF contract
Any change in phases of the hourly rate requires a continual increase or decrease in service hours for three consecutive months and the approval of the Director of BCAD Since inception of the contract the County has paid LSF the Phase One rate of $6053 per hour
In addition to the hourly rate the contract required the County to pay LSF $1190 per vehicle per month to provide preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses owned by the County The preventative maintenance program was discontinued on January 1 2012
Payment Summary During the period March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 the County paid LSF approximately $247 million including preventative maintenance costs of approximately $405000 summarized in Table 4 on the next page
8 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 4 Payments to LSF
By Calendar year through December 31 2011 Calendar Year Amount
2009 (Note 1) $ 7073924
2010 8530212
2011 9117141
Total $ 24721277 Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from Advantage and BCAD
Note 1 Payments for services from March 1 2009 (beginning of contract) to December 31 2009
Findings and Recommendations Finding 1 BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved
We performed a follow up review of two related previous reports The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 We found BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved The specifics of each finding recommendation and follow up action are detailed in Appendices A and B
We also noted that BCAD reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations Similar recommendations were included in a report issued by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C
Although management has taken significant steps in improving contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport our current review disclosed matters of contract compliance and process improvement detailed in Findings 2 through 4 below
Finding 2 LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements
We reviewed documentation to support compliance with selected contract requirements and found that LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding
1 Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 2 Training and hiring
9 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
3 Environmental pollution liability insurance and 4 The Living Wage Ordinance
LSF was overpaid $67608 for preventative maintenance on the supplemental fleet in 2011 Exhibit H of the contract requires LSF to perform preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses at a monthly cost of $1190 or $14281 per year per bus The preventative maintenance program includes the following requirements Three times weekly LSF shall warm up the engines for 15 minutes
exercise the buses by driving them 5 - 10 miles (exercise trips) and perform pre and post trip equipment inspections
Every 120 days LSF shall lubricate fittings change oil fuel and air filters and perform oil changes and
Every two years LSF shall flush and refill transmissions and repack the wheel bearings
We reviewed preventative maintenance records including DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two buses in 2009 and 2010 and for all ten buses in 2011 We found LSF was paid for 100 of the preventative maintenance in 2011 but did not perform all the required preventative maintenance specifically The contract requires LSF to drive the buses a total of 1560 exercise
trips however LSF performed 359 exercise trips in 2011 In addition the pre and post trip equipment inspections were not consistently documented and
The contract also requires LSF to provide a total of 30 filter and oil changes and lubrication of fittings However LSF only performed four during 2011
As a result LSF was overpaid approximately $67608 for preventive maintenance services on the supplemental buses in 2011
Nine (35) of 26 driver records reviewed did not include documentation of compliance with training and hiring requirements BCAD conducted a compliance review of driver records on September 29 2011 and found three deficiencies We performed a follow up review on the three driver files and noted that all issues have been resolved We then selected an additional 23 driver files including 16 hired after September 2011 and found the following deficiencies
1 Article 611 of the contract requires LSF to provide at least eight hours of customer service training annually to employees including drivers that have direct contact with the public We found eight driversrsquo files did not contain documentation to support the required eight hours of customer service training
2 Article 68 of the contract requires LSF to obtain background checks from the State of Florida Department of Law Enforcement or from other sources
10 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
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15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
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17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
The passenger wait times are summarized by route and immediately discussed with LSFrsquos management to determine the cause if the wait time exceeds 15 minutes
Vehicle inspections are performed to ensure equipment safety and to determine whether drivers are complying with contractual requirements Discrepancies noted during the inspection are reported to LSF for correction
Living Wage Monitoring The contract with LSF is subject to the Countyrsquos Living Wage Ordinance BCAD Operations staff reviews the payroll records for LSF and its subcontractors twice a year to ensure compliance with Living Wage requirements
Payments to LSF The contract provides for hourly rates that include all costs associated with the operation of the shuttle bus service (maintenance repairs and fuel) Table 3 below shows three phases of hourly rates established in the contract
Table 3 Hourly Billing Rates
Phase Number Shuttle Bus Hourly Range
Operating Hourly Billing Rate
Phase One 150000 ndash 175000 hours $ 6053 per Hour
Phase Two 175001 ndash 200000 hours $ 6040 per Hour
Phase Three 200001 ndash 225000 hours $ 6280 per Hour Source As described in Article 52 of the LSF contract
Any change in phases of the hourly rate requires a continual increase or decrease in service hours for three consecutive months and the approval of the Director of BCAD Since inception of the contract the County has paid LSF the Phase One rate of $6053 per hour
In addition to the hourly rate the contract required the County to pay LSF $1190 per vehicle per month to provide preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses owned by the County The preventative maintenance program was discontinued on January 1 2012
Payment Summary During the period March 1 2009 through December 31 2011 the County paid LSF approximately $247 million including preventative maintenance costs of approximately $405000 summarized in Table 4 on the next page
8 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 4 Payments to LSF
By Calendar year through December 31 2011 Calendar Year Amount
2009 (Note 1) $ 7073924
2010 8530212
2011 9117141
Total $ 24721277 Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from Advantage and BCAD
Note 1 Payments for services from March 1 2009 (beginning of contract) to December 31 2009
Findings and Recommendations Finding 1 BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved
We performed a follow up review of two related previous reports The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 We found BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved The specifics of each finding recommendation and follow up action are detailed in Appendices A and B
We also noted that BCAD reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations Similar recommendations were included in a report issued by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C
Although management has taken significant steps in improving contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport our current review disclosed matters of contract compliance and process improvement detailed in Findings 2 through 4 below
Finding 2 LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements
We reviewed documentation to support compliance with selected contract requirements and found that LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding
1 Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 2 Training and hiring
9 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
3 Environmental pollution liability insurance and 4 The Living Wage Ordinance
LSF was overpaid $67608 for preventative maintenance on the supplemental fleet in 2011 Exhibit H of the contract requires LSF to perform preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses at a monthly cost of $1190 or $14281 per year per bus The preventative maintenance program includes the following requirements Three times weekly LSF shall warm up the engines for 15 minutes
exercise the buses by driving them 5 - 10 miles (exercise trips) and perform pre and post trip equipment inspections
Every 120 days LSF shall lubricate fittings change oil fuel and air filters and perform oil changes and
Every two years LSF shall flush and refill transmissions and repack the wheel bearings
We reviewed preventative maintenance records including DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two buses in 2009 and 2010 and for all ten buses in 2011 We found LSF was paid for 100 of the preventative maintenance in 2011 but did not perform all the required preventative maintenance specifically The contract requires LSF to drive the buses a total of 1560 exercise
trips however LSF performed 359 exercise trips in 2011 In addition the pre and post trip equipment inspections were not consistently documented and
The contract also requires LSF to provide a total of 30 filter and oil changes and lubrication of fittings However LSF only performed four during 2011
As a result LSF was overpaid approximately $67608 for preventive maintenance services on the supplemental buses in 2011
Nine (35) of 26 driver records reviewed did not include documentation of compliance with training and hiring requirements BCAD conducted a compliance review of driver records on September 29 2011 and found three deficiencies We performed a follow up review on the three driver files and noted that all issues have been resolved We then selected an additional 23 driver files including 16 hired after September 2011 and found the following deficiencies
1 Article 611 of the contract requires LSF to provide at least eight hours of customer service training annually to employees including drivers that have direct contact with the public We found eight driversrsquo files did not contain documentation to support the required eight hours of customer service training
2 Article 68 of the contract requires LSF to obtain background checks from the State of Florida Department of Law Enforcement or from other sources
10 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
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15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
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17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Table 4 Payments to LSF
By Calendar year through December 31 2011 Calendar Year Amount
2009 (Note 1) $ 7073924
2010 8530212
2011 9117141
Total $ 24721277 Source Prepared by the County Auditorrsquos Office from information obtained from Advantage and BCAD
Note 1 Payments for services from March 1 2009 (beginning of contract) to December 31 2009
Findings and Recommendations Finding 1 BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved
We performed a follow up review of two related previous reports The shuttle bus services contract with ShuttlePort LLC dated June 18 2007 and Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs dated August 20 2007 We found BCADrsquos contract administration over shuttle bus services has significantly improved and the majority of applicable findings identified in the two prior reports have been resolved The specifics of each finding recommendation and follow up action are detailed in Appendices A and B
We also noted that BCAD reduced the shuttle bus fleet and increased the headways on some routes partially implementing our recommendations Similar recommendations were included in a report issued by Leigh Fisher Management Consultants dated January 2012 attached as Appendix C
Although management has taken significant steps in improving contract administration relating to shuttle bus services at the airport our current review disclosed matters of contract compliance and process improvement detailed in Findings 2 through 4 below
Finding 2 LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements
We reviewed documentation to support compliance with selected contract requirements and found that LSF did not fully comply with four key contract requirements regarding
1 Preventative maintenance of the supplemental fleet in 2011 2 Training and hiring
9 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
3 Environmental pollution liability insurance and 4 The Living Wage Ordinance
LSF was overpaid $67608 for preventative maintenance on the supplemental fleet in 2011 Exhibit H of the contract requires LSF to perform preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses at a monthly cost of $1190 or $14281 per year per bus The preventative maintenance program includes the following requirements Three times weekly LSF shall warm up the engines for 15 minutes
exercise the buses by driving them 5 - 10 miles (exercise trips) and perform pre and post trip equipment inspections
Every 120 days LSF shall lubricate fittings change oil fuel and air filters and perform oil changes and
Every two years LSF shall flush and refill transmissions and repack the wheel bearings
We reviewed preventative maintenance records including DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two buses in 2009 and 2010 and for all ten buses in 2011 We found LSF was paid for 100 of the preventative maintenance in 2011 but did not perform all the required preventative maintenance specifically The contract requires LSF to drive the buses a total of 1560 exercise
trips however LSF performed 359 exercise trips in 2011 In addition the pre and post trip equipment inspections were not consistently documented and
The contract also requires LSF to provide a total of 30 filter and oil changes and lubrication of fittings However LSF only performed four during 2011
As a result LSF was overpaid approximately $67608 for preventive maintenance services on the supplemental buses in 2011
Nine (35) of 26 driver records reviewed did not include documentation of compliance with training and hiring requirements BCAD conducted a compliance review of driver records on September 29 2011 and found three deficiencies We performed a follow up review on the three driver files and noted that all issues have been resolved We then selected an additional 23 driver files including 16 hired after September 2011 and found the following deficiencies
1 Article 611 of the contract requires LSF to provide at least eight hours of customer service training annually to employees including drivers that have direct contact with the public We found eight driversrsquo files did not contain documentation to support the required eight hours of customer service training
2 Article 68 of the contract requires LSF to obtain background checks from the State of Florida Department of Law Enforcement or from other sources
10 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
3 Environmental pollution liability insurance and 4 The Living Wage Ordinance
LSF was overpaid $67608 for preventative maintenance on the supplemental fleet in 2011 Exhibit H of the contract requires LSF to perform preventative maintenance on ten supplemental buses at a monthly cost of $1190 or $14281 per year per bus The preventative maintenance program includes the following requirements Three times weekly LSF shall warm up the engines for 15 minutes
exercise the buses by driving them 5 - 10 miles (exercise trips) and perform pre and post trip equipment inspections
Every 120 days LSF shall lubricate fittings change oil fuel and air filters and perform oil changes and
Every two years LSF shall flush and refill transmissions and repack the wheel bearings
We reviewed preventative maintenance records including DVIRs work orders and fuel logs for two buses in 2009 and 2010 and for all ten buses in 2011 We found LSF was paid for 100 of the preventative maintenance in 2011 but did not perform all the required preventative maintenance specifically The contract requires LSF to drive the buses a total of 1560 exercise
trips however LSF performed 359 exercise trips in 2011 In addition the pre and post trip equipment inspections were not consistently documented and
The contract also requires LSF to provide a total of 30 filter and oil changes and lubrication of fittings However LSF only performed four during 2011
As a result LSF was overpaid approximately $67608 for preventive maintenance services on the supplemental buses in 2011
Nine (35) of 26 driver records reviewed did not include documentation of compliance with training and hiring requirements BCAD conducted a compliance review of driver records on September 29 2011 and found three deficiencies We performed a follow up review on the three driver files and noted that all issues have been resolved We then selected an additional 23 driver files including 16 hired after September 2011 and found the following deficiencies
1 Article 611 of the contract requires LSF to provide at least eight hours of customer service training annually to employees including drivers that have direct contact with the public We found eight driversrsquo files did not contain documentation to support the required eight hours of customer service training
2 Article 68 of the contract requires LSF to obtain background checks from the State of Florida Department of Law Enforcement or from other sources
10 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
approved by the Aviation Department for all employees providing service at the airport We found personnel files for three former ShuttlePort drivers did not include evidence of criminal background checks in 2008 when LSF commenced interim operation of the shuttle service
3 Article 620 of the contract prohibits LSF from employing or retaining drivers whose driving record include one ldquoat faultrdquo accident in the last three (3) years We noted the driving record for one driver showed an at-fault accident on March 23 2010
4 Article 620 of the contract requires that Driver must possess a commercial driverrsquos license (CDL) at least three years prior to employment We noted one driver hired in November 2009 had his commercial driverrsquos license for only one year prior to his hire date
LSF did not comply with the environmental pollution liability insurance requirements Article 1124 of the contract requires Environmental Pollution Liability coverage in the minimum amount of $2 million per claim subject to a maximum deductible of $200000 per claim
Our review found that LSFrsquos insurance certificate did not include the required Environmental Pollution Liability coverage LSF provided BCAD with an insurance certificate showing Raider Environmental Services Inc as the insured party with environmental coverage of $1 million per conditions and an aggregate of $2 million The insurance certificate listed the County as an additional insured and was approved by BCADrsquos risk management staff However this was inconsistent with the contract as Raider Environmental was not a party to the contract between the County and LSF
LSF did not fully comply with Living Wage requirements Article 1717 of the contract requires that LSF and its subcontractor comply with the requirements of the Living Wage Ordinance (LWO) Broward Countyrsquos LWO requires covered employers to pay covered employees at least $1113 per hour if the employer provides qualifying health benefits or pay an hourly rate of $1257 if no health benefits are offered The LWO also requires employer to obtain written documentation of waivers of health benefits if the covered employee declines the coverage and is paid at the lower LWO rate
In order to be qualified for health benefits newly hired LSF and subcontractor employees must undergo a waiting period 60 days During the waiting period LSF and the subcontractor are required by the LWO to pay employees the required $1257 hourly rate At the end of the waiting period employees have the option to accept or decline the health benefits If benefits are declined employees are required to complete and sign an insurance waiver form and are subsequently paid the $1113 hourly rate
11 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
We reviewed the payroll records and health benefit waiver forms for a total of 50 employees in 2010 and 2011 and found LSF was not in compliance with Living Wage requirements as follows
Signed insurance waiver forms were not on file for eight (16) of 50 drivers who were paid $1113 per hour and
One LSF employee was paid $1113 per hour during the 60 days waiting period rather than the required $1257 per hour
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to take steps to
1 Immediately recover the overpayment of $67608 from LSF 2 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos training and hiring requirements 3 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos insurance requirements and 4 Ensure compliance with the contractrsquos Living Wage requirements and
require that LSF retroactively compensate the underpaid employee
Finding 3 LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review resulting in minor undetected billing errors
Article 54 of the contract requires LSF to invoice the County for service hours As a good business practice hours billed should be properly documented and reviewed for accuracy before invoiced to the County We evaluated the LSF billing process as described in the background on page 6 reviewed six invoices totaling $23 million and supporting documentation including Dispatch Sheets DVIRs break time sheets and driversrsquo time cards for January July and December 2011 Our review found the following deficiencies
LSFrsquos billing process is manual and lacks adequate review to validate the accuracy of billing data entered on Dispatch Sheets used to prepare invoices to the County
Minor billing errors resulting in both over and under payments and netting to an overpayment of $1544 for the three months reviewed
During the review we also noted that the DVIRs for trams are not generally stamped to document start and stop times Without the time stamps on the DVIRs we could not verify the accuracy of the trams hours billed
12 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
5 Explore the feasibility of automating the manual process to improve accuracy of billing data and
6 Immediately recover the minor overpayment of $1544
Finding 4 BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges for Performance Standard Breaches required by the contract
Article 12122 of the contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if A passenger waits more than 15 minutes for a bus This charge can be
waived by BCAD during periods of severe weather work stoppages or when the delay is unavoidable
Customer complaints exceed three in thirty days and LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and
in writing within five days
We reviewed documentation prepared by BCAD and LSF to track the passenger wait time and customer complaints We found that BCAD did not enforce disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with performance standards required by the contract
Based on BCADrsquos wait time inspection reports LSF should have been assessed disincentive charges of $8500 in 2011 The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charge of $50 per occurrence if passengers wait more than 15 minutes for buses BCAD staff performs random daily inspections and documents selected passenger wait times on an inspection report We reviewed the inspection reports prepared by BCAD for a total of 8730 trip inspections in 2011 Our review found the following
170 (2) of the 8730 trips showed passenger wait times in excess of 15 minutes which would result in disincentive charges of $8500 However there was no documentation to support notification to LSF follow up actions by BCAD or explanations why disincentive charges were waived and
BCAD staff does not document the weather conditions at the time of the inspections which are necessary to evaluate the cause for delays
13 Office of the County Auditor
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
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13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Compliance Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract
BCAD did not assess disincentive charges when LSF did not comply with customer complaint requirements The contract requires LSF to pay disincentive charges if customer complaints exceed three in any thirty day period if LSF fails to respond verbally to customer complaints within two days and in writing within five days We reviewed customer complaints reports prepared by LSF for a total of 19 complaints in 2011 and found the following
BCAD did not document the follow-up actions when LSF reported four customer complaints in July 2011 or provide explanations why the $250 disincentive charge was waived
LSF did not consistently document the date of the verbal and written responses to complaints as a result we could not determine whether disincentive charges were applicable and
LSF documentation included one instance when the verbal and written responses were not performed timely and the $50 charge was not assessed by BCAD
We also noted that customer complaints can be made to BCAD or LSF and LSF provides a monthly report to document and track complaints Reliance on LSF to document and track complaints may result in underreporting or inaccurate reporting of actual complaints and their resolution
Recommendations
We recommend the Board of County Commissioners direct the County Administrator to
7 Ensure compliance with the contract performance standards including application of disincentive charges or documentation of the reason for waiver of charges and
8 Ensure that customer complaints are documented and tracked by BCAD and forwarded to LSF for investigations
14 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
APPENDIX A Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on ShuttlePort Review
Compliance Review of the ShuttlePort Florida LLC Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Broward County Office of County Auditor Report No 07- 21 Dated June 18 2007
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
1ShuttlePort did not 1Closely monitor Concurred Resolved 1 Unresolved comply with ShuttlePortrsquos progress in To ascertain that ShuttlePort is proceeding to Following the ShuttlePort review BCAD closely Our review found contract provisions resolving the violations meet the items noted in the FDOT Report monitored ShuttlePortrsquos compliance with the 9 (35) of 26 driver requiring noted in the FDOT report meetings are held on a regular basis to contract and conducted periodic random records reviewed did not compliance with and formally advise the determine what steps have been taken to inspections of driver records to ensure include documentation of safety laws and Board of such progress resolve all issues noted in the FDOT Report compliance with the contract and FDOT compliance with training regulations for As part of that review ShuttlePort supplies requirements and hiring requirements motor carriers and copies of all driving records for new hires (See Finding 2) limiting driver Further we request that regular checks with the BCAD staff conducted periodic inspections of points on their Florida Department of Motor Vehicles be LSFrsquos driver records and coordinated with the State of Florida 2Require BCAD staff to completed and available for inspection to Broward County Office of Transportation to 2 Partially Resolved Motor Vehicle routinely review ensure that drivers meet conditions of the review the maintenance plan and mechanicsrsquo BCAD Operations records ShuttlePortrsquos practices for
compliance with contract requirements
contract
The driver employment criteria under article 720 of the current Agreement with Mass Transit and Port Everglades were reviewed It is felt that the Driver criteria should be amended in this Agreement or any future agreement to match the criteria used by Mass Transit Staff is preparing this recommendation
certifications LSF was found to be compliant and cooperative
On 81308 and 010709 FDOT performed two random driver and vehicle examinations respectively and reported ldquono violations were discoveredrdquo
Management performed maintenance reviews client file reviews however some exceptions were noted(See Finding 2 )
8 When applicable the update refers to the June 4 2012 Review of Shuttle Bus Services Contract at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport conducted by the Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
3Evaluate the for an amendment to be approved by the Board After the review concluded the ShuttlePort 3 Resolved reasonableness of the of County Commissioners Agreement was amended to reflect the driver The LSFrsquos contract contractrsquos existing driving employment criteria in use by the County Office incorporates the driver record requirements and of Transportation Later the driver employment employment criteria used amend the contract as criteria were incorporated into the agreement by BCT appropriate with Limousines of South Florida (LSF) which
was executed by the Board of County Commissioners on February 3 2009
2Management and 4Amending the ShuttlePort Concurred Resolved NA documentation of contract to include vehicle The inclusion of the above criteria in a future After the review BCAD implemented a work The agreement with LSF maintenance and Prior approval of all agreement will facilitate BCADrsquos ability to order procedure requiring ShuttlePort to submit a includes a fully burdened repairs is future repair orders by garner the data necessary to review invoices in work order prepared by ShuttlePortrsquos hourly rate including all inadequate to qualified personnel to greater detail BCAD is also purchasing maintenance manager to BCAD for approval in costs associated with ensure that ensure the repairs are software that will allow for maintenance tracking advance of any repair work not covered by the operation of the core maintenance and necessary are not and trend analyses This software assists in Penske monthly maintenance plan fleet repair costs are maintenance items and identifying and tracking non-maintenance repair justified as a costs for such repairs work determine the reason for the repair and BCAD withheld payment of the $20424 for New finding 2 ndash result the County are reasonable identify the reasonableness of the time and undocumented charges identified in the audit Supplemental Fleet may have Inspection of all future cost to complete the non-maintenance repairs overpaid for repairs performed to In order to facilitate this effort ShuttlePort has Throughout the RLI process and negotiations for LSF did not perform the vehicle repairs ensure that the repairs
are completed as required Labor rates for all non-
covered items including non-maintenance repairs and tires replacementrepairs Clear definition of non-
maintenance repair items Payment by ShuttlePort
of all cost of repairs caused by their acts or
been advised that effective with the June 2007 invoices a copy of each work order will be required as part of the documentation for Penske invoices In addition each invoice will be designated as maintenance or non-maintenance work
ShuttlePort has been notified that unless documentation can be provided for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified in the audit this amount will be deducted from their invoice Also ShuttlePort has been advised that all invoices which are deemed to be disputed dollar amounts will not be approved
the new shuttle bus services contract staff incorporated the lessons learned from the audit review of the ShuttlePort contract and addressed maintenance of the operating ldquocorerdquo fleet by negotiating a fully burdened hourly rate which includes all maintenance of the operating bus fleet BCAD is meeting periodically with LSF to conduct reviews of maintenance records to ensure compliance with the maintenance plan submitted by LSF and approved by BCAD with assistance of the County Office of Transportation BCAD deferred the purchase of special software to track and analyze maintenance performed on the buses and
required preventative maintenance on the supplemental bus fleet in 2011
16 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
negligence of their staff
5Obtain support for the $20424 in undocumented charges identified above or recover the payment from ShuttlePort
for payment until such time as these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the Aviation Department
instead negotiated for LSF to provide this tracking ability in its maintenance plan
3Monthly invoices lacked sufficient evidence of review by BCAD staff
6Ensure that all future invoices are properly reviewed prior to payment including assignment of qualified knowledgeable staff management oversight and a desk guide for invoice review
Concurred
Currently the Aviation Department conducts reviews of each ShuttlePort invoice submitted for reimbursement to determine accuracy and eligibility for reimbursement in accordance with the Agreement Further the staff reviewer conducts periodic detailed reviews of the invoices with the ShuttlePort General Manager During these reviews a complete drill down of questionable invoices is completed and answers obtained prior to approving any invoice
It is agreed that a complete drill down is not done on every invoice and the resources needed to complete the review to the level of detail and specificity outlined in the audit is being assessed Greater documentation will be requested to assist in determining the appropriate balance of review and oversight to avoid duplication of functions paid for under the management contract Aviation reviewers will continue scrutinizing all invoices for any items that appear to have issues ndash major deviations All such issues will be addressed thoroughly and appropriate action taken for those items
Resolved
Following the review BCAD implemented improved invoice review procedures Each item on an invoice is carefully reviewed for compliance with the contract appropriate quantities and other factors and once cleared a check is placed next to the item confirming its review Any discrepancies or disagreements with items submitted are documented in writing to the contractor and the cleared items are processed for payment
BCAD has instituted multiple layers of review Once the Landside Operations supervisor reviews the invoices for correctness they are forwarded to the Airport Manager-Landside Operations for additional review and finally forwarded to the Director of Operations for final Operations Division review The invoices are then forwarded to the Finance Division for review and processing for payment
The new contract with LSF was negotiated with the lessons of the ShuttlePort contract review fresh in staffrsquos mind The new contract is a fully burdened hourly rate in which the review
Resolved
Bi-weekly invoices were reviewed by BCAD staff showing sufficient evidence of the review However the auditorrsquos review found minor billing errors (See Finding 3)
17 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
APPENDIX A ndash Continued
ShuttlePort Review LSF Review June 2007 June 2007 June 2007 April 2009 June 2012 Findings Recommendations BCAD Management Responses Status Update Update7F
8
which are determined to be incorrect consists of verifying the actual number of services hours provided and billed
4The Payroll 7Require BCAD to ensure Concurred Resolved NA Assistant performs ShuttlePortrsquos payroll all aspects of the payroll process resulting in lack of segregation of
function is adequately segregated
The Aviation Department has asked ShuttlePort to implement the changes recommended in the County Audit ShuttlePort has assigned a second Personnel Administrative Assistant who reports to the Personnel and Safety
Following the review ShuttlePort initiated the recommended change to payroll review ensuring proper segregation of duties
The new contract with LSF is a fully burdened
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs associated with operation
duties Manager to perform payroll data transmittal duties currently performed by the same Personnel Administrative Assistant that performs payroll calculations This segregation of duties coupled with periodic oversight by the regional controller from corporate headquarters conforms to the Auditorrsquos recommendations The Aviation Department will monitor this process to ensure compliance
hourly rate BCAD no longer reimburses direct payroll costs
of the core fleet
5Tires are not 8Require BCAD ensure Concurred Resolved NA inventoried which tires are properly could result in undetected loss
accounted for and inventoried at least annually
The Aviation Department has instructed ShuttlePort Management to develop an inventory of all tires in stock and placed in service beginning October 1 2006 to coincide
The inventory was compiled in accordance with the recommendations of the review and upon termination of the ShuttlePort contract and start-up of the new contract with LSF the tires were
The agreement with LSFrsquos provides a fully burdened hourly rate including all costs
with Fiscal Year 2007 At this time they are compiling this inventory and once complete it will be maintained on an ongoing basis The Aviation Department will inspect this inventory as part of our compliance requirements for this contract
surplused in accordance with County procedure and advertised for purchase bid The tires were purchased by LSF and replacement of tires is now included in the fully burdened hourly rate
associated with operation of the core fleet
18 Office of the County Auditor
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
APPENDIX B Follow-up on Prior Audit Report on Employee Parking Lot Review
Review of Airport Employee Parking Lot Costs Report No 07-22 Dated August 20 2007
Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007Findings
August 2007Recommendations
August 2007BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
Opportunities exist for substantial cost savings in the employee parking lot operation
1 Coordinate with ShuttlePort and USA Parking to develop a plan within the next thirty days which
a On an interim basis relocates the employee parking operation from the existing site into the Cypress garage andor other appropriate parking facility(ies)
b Reduces the number of buses bus routes and headways to appropriate levels
c Maximizes the utilization and cost effectiveness of all existing parking facilities and
d Includes a timetable for implementation
A 10 minute headway time is a performance measure of the shuttle contract this time was determined to allow for no more than a 30 minute time frame for employee transportation between the lots and terminals This 30 minute benchmark was established with concurrence from airport tenants and air carriers following longer waits and discontent among these groups Actual reports for FY 2007 indicate that average headway times are maintained at eight minutes for Employee Lot 1 and nine minutes for Employee Lot 2
BCAD will analyze all available alternatives (including the current preliminary plan Attachment 2 ndash Phased BCAD Employee Parking Plan) Included in the study will be at a minimum the following components
Financial analysis of the variance between the employee parking monthly rate and the daily Public parking rate based on average usage
Debt service on the Cypress Garage or
Employees will be relocated to the Cypress Garage on February 2 2008 This action will result in a cost savings of approximately $48 million in the first year as a result of significant bus reductions
a c d - Relocate employee parking to Cypress garage and maximize utilization and cost effectiveness of existing parking facilities ndash Resolved
The relocation of employee parking to the Cypress garage reduced the number of shuttle buses The estimated cost savings for FY 2006 vs 2011 was approximately $73 million ($164 vs $91 million)
b Reduction of fleet and increased Headways to appropriate levels - Partially Unresolved
Our current review focused on the contract compliance However BCAD hired Leigh Fisher Management Consultants (Leigh Fisher) to conduct a review of shuttle bus agreement The report issued in January 2012 (Refer to Appendix C) recommended further reductions in the fleet and increased headways as follows
1 Reducing costs by elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing
19
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
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13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
capital cost recovery for other alternative maintenance of the supplemental fleet locations
Potential increases to the RCC shuttle 2 Reducing headways on the RCC and operations or required employee shuttle Economy routes during the late operations to alternative locations nightearly morning hours
Evaluation of current policies including Board o The RCC route has a published concurrence regarding the commingling of headway of 10 minutes but field employees and RCC passengers (along with observations and analyses of bus customer service concerns) schedule data show actual
Access control to segregated portions of the headways are 3 to 5 minutes garage as designated for employee parking These headways provide excellent with costs customer service but result in
Anticipated feasible duration for use of the higher operational costs Cypress Garage or alternative locations particularly between midnight and
Other potential operational and capital expenditure concerns and analysis
A timetable
300 AM when few passengers are riding this route
o The Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes
BCAD requests that ample time be allotted to ensure a complete comprehensive review be completed and is recommending sixty (60) days
but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day
20
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
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8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
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9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
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Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
APPENDIX B ndash Continued Follow-up on Selected Recommendations
Employee Parking Lot Review LSF Review
August 2007 Findings
August 2007 Recommendations
August 2007 BCAD Management Responses
BCAD December 2007 Status Update
June 2012 Update
3 Direct BCAD management to routinely monitor analyze and revise shuttle bus service and parking space availability to meet the peak and non-peak demands of airport travelers and employees
BCAD works very closely with its shuttle operator Weekly meetings are held with the local area manager to address any issues that may arise and to communicate BCAD expectations On a monthly basis data is examined to ensure that the operation is being managed to the highest level of efficiencies and cost effectiveness in achieved
BCAD will conduct a detailed examination of all shuttle route structures and determine if alterations and adjustments should be made This will include headway times distances lot configuration cost savings and customer service expectations
NA Partially Unresolved (refer to page 20 item b above)
4 Establish trip data collection and reporting standards to aid in the future analysis and management of shuttle bus operations
Staff concurs with this recommendation and has begun looking at what system would best suit the needs of our operation GPS tracking systems are in place and may be used to help verify the validity of test models including an examination of route structures
NA Unresolved
Shuttle buses are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) However the system is primarily used for automatic announcement of bus stops
BCAD Operations Management characterized the data collected by the GPS system as generally accurate but not 100 reliable for audit purposes
21
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
REPORT
REVIEW SHUTTLE BUS AGREEMENT
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
January 2012
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
1
SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS
The key recommendations presented in this report include the following cost‐saving measures and customer service improvements Reduce costs by right‐sizing the fleet through elimination of 13 to 17 full‐size buses and discontinuing maintenance of the
supplemental fleet (pages 5 and 6) Reduce costs by about $800000 per year by reducing headways on the RCC and Economy routes during the late nightearly morning
hours (pages 9 and 10) Reduce costs by providing non‐stop service on the RCC route tofrom Terminals 2 3 and 4 (pages 10 and 11) Incrementally replace old buses with new buses (eg one per year) to maintain a desirable average age of the fleet and prevent the
entire fleet from surpassing its useful life simultaneously (page 6) Include financial incentivereward and liquidated damagepenalty clauses in future contracts (pages 18 to 20) Include option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion in future contracts (page 22) Continue to own the buses and provide them to the bus contractor (page 5) Exclude fuel purchase from fully‐burdened‐hourly fee BCAD should assume responsibility for purchasing and supplying fuel to the
contractor at no cost This is expected to result in savings of about $150000 per year (page 14) Request additional deliverables including budget variance for the month (page 15) Implement numerous suggested improvements to the Operating Plan (pages 16 and 17) Audit ridership counts prepared by bus drivers for consistency and accuracy and prepare trend analysis to identify changes (page 8) Improve verbal announcements for passengers riding the shuttle buses and install maps or diagrammatic terminal plans inside the
shuttle buses (page 21)
In addition it is suggested that consideration be given to the following proposals which require further analysis Using cut‐aways or mini‐buses on the Economy Lot route (pages 12 and 13) Providing a ldquomanaged fillrdquo service in the Economy Lot (page 10) Reviewing and potentially revising the allocation of curbside space on the arrivals level roadway (pages 10 and 11)
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
2
STUDY PURPOSE
This study was conducted to (a) review the business agreement with the contractor responsible for shuttle bus operations (currently Limousines of South Florida) at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport and (b) identify evaluate and recommend potential opportunities to reduce the Broward County Aviation Department (BCAD) operating expenses and to improve shuttle bus operations
Scope of WorkProject Status
The work scope included the following tasks Conduct a multi‐day site reconnaissance including meetings with BCAD and LSF staff Obtain and review shuttle bus ridership and operating data
Prepare a benchmark comparison of shuttle bus operations at peer airports Identify evaluate and recommend measures to improve existing bus operations and customer service
Document the resulting findings and recommendations
REVIEW OF CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND CURRENT BUS OPERATIONS
The following sections of this report present
1 Overview of existing operations 2 Existing and required bus fleet 3 Bus operations and schedules 4 Contractor fees and charges 5 Required contractor deliverables 6 Standard operating procedures 7 Financial incentives and penalties 8 Customer service and standards 9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
10 Appendix A Comparison of Public Parking Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 11 Appendix B Comparison of Rental Car Shuttle Operations at Selected Peer Airports 12 Appendix C Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the RCC Route ndash August 2011
13 Appendix D Minimum Maximum and Average Number of Passengers on the Economy Route ndash August 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
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8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
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15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
3
1 Overview of Existing Bus Routes
Limousines of South Florida (LSF) is responsible for providing and maintaining shuttle bus services at Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport As shown in Table 1 the current shuttle bus system consists of five routes that transport airline passengers and employees between the Airportrsquos terminal buildings and the parking facilities The routes serving the Rental Car Center Economy Parking Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop are operated daily The route between the Rental Car Center and Port Everglades is operated primarily on weekends at the request of certain rental car companies (ie Alamo and National)
Table 1 Summary of Existing Shuttle Bus Routes and Schedules
Route Schedule of Operations
Primary customers Facilities served Published peak period headway (minutes)
Rental Car Center (RCC) 24 hour Rental car and Cypress Garage customers
Employees Passengers transferring
tofrom Broward County Transit bus route
RCC Cypress Garage and County bus stop
10
Economy Parking 24 hour Economy Parking customers Economy Parking Lot 15 Inter‐terminal (Loop) 7 AM ndash
8PM Airline passengers and employees All terminals 15
Garage Tram 24 hour Palm and Hibiscus Garage customers
Palm and Hibiscus Garages NA
Port (not operated daily) varies Rental car customers arriving or departing at Port Everglades
Port Everglades and RCC NA
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
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13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
4
2 Existing and Required Shuttle Bus Fleet As shown in Table 2 the existing shuttle fleet consists of 50 buses‐‐ a ldquoCorerdquo fleet composed of thirty five 40‐foot buses plus five specialized vehicles and a ldquoSupplementalrdquo fleet composed of ten 40‐foot buses
Table 2 Existing Shuttle Bus Fleet
Year manufactured Number in fleet
Door locations
Fuel
Core Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty COBUS Airfield Bus Garage Tram
Supplemental Bus Fleet 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty 40rsquo ElDorado Axess Low Floor Heavy Duty
2004 2004 2006 2008
1999‐2004
2004 2004
22 8 5 2 3
5 5
Both sides Right side Both sides Right side
NA
Both sides Right side
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Hybrid‐electric Gasoline
DieselGasoline
Bio‐diesel Bio‐diesel
Total 50
Buses which can loadunload on either side are required at the Airport because loadingunloading occurs on the left side at the RCC but on the
right side at the terminals and all other stops Buses with doors on both sides must be custom designed and special ordered from the
manufacturer It is our understanding that of the major bus manufacturers only ElDorado National agreed to furnish such buses As noted 27
of the 45 ElDorado buses are equipped with doors on both sides In addition the ElDorado buses are equipped with Global Positioning System
(GPS) Automated Vehicle Locator (AVL) drive cams (eg forward‐facing and outside rear‐facing cameras)
The fleet also includes five specialized vehicles The COBUS Airfield BusesmdashThese two very large buses (accommodating about 100 standing passengers) are used for the loadingunloading
of airline passengers at remote aircraft parking positions and aircraft emergencies The COBUS vehicle is intended for short trips on level pavements and provides few seats The COBUSrsquo large length and width prevent their use on public streets
Tram and tractorsmdashBCAD operates trams on the ground floors of the Hibiscus and Palm parking structures The trams consist of a tractor (or power car) each of which is capable of pulling a trailer BCAD owns three tractors and two trailers Two of the tram‐tractors are in the
operation and the third is a spare and rarely used Conventional buses and minibuses cannot be operated on this route due to the limited
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
5
vertical clearances in the garages The trams make frequent stops within the garages to pick‐up and drop‐off passengers and their baggage The trams and trailers do have doors or a roof because they operate under cover The trams cannot be operated on public streets
Bus Ownership
All buses are owned by BCAD and the core bus fleet is leased to LSF for a nominal fee of $1 per bus per year This is consistent with best industry practice At most airport the shuttle buses are owned by the airport operator and furnished to the shuttle bus operator at no cost Ownership of the buses enables the airport operator to ensure continuity of operations even if the shuttle bus contractor were to cease
operations due to bankruptcy termination of their contract or other reasons In addition as a public agency the airport operator can frequently
purchase or lease buses at lower costs than can a private entity although a private entity may be able to acquire buses more quickly At some
airports the shuttle bus contractor is required to provide the necessary buses but contract provisions enable the airport operator to lease or purchase the buses from the contractor upon contract cancellation or termination It is recommended that BCAD continue to purchase or lease
shuttle bus vehicles and provide them to the contractor
Required Number of Shuttle Buses
Table 3 presents the number of buses used on each route based on the shuttle bus schedules and ridership data provided by LSF for March and
August 2011 As shown 24 full‐size buses are required to transport customers and employees during weekday period periods with 3 additional full‐size buses required during weekend periods when the Port Everglades shuttle is operated
Table 3 Number of Shuttle Buses Required on Route during Average and Peak Conditions
Shuttle Bus Route Number of buses on route
Peak period CommentsAverage Peak Rental Car Center (RCC) Economy Parking Inter‐terminal (Loop) Port
10 4 1 2
17 6 1 3
9AM ndash 12PM No distinct peak
‐No distinct peak
Passenger loads govern fleet size Headway govern fleet size
Hours of operation 6AM ‐ 830PM Operates only during weekends
Total 17 27
Best industry practice suggests providing 20 spares to allow for vehicles out of service due to scheduled and un‐scheduled maintenance Thus to satisfy existing peak period demands 28 full‐size buses are required on weekdays and 32 buses are required on weekends when the Port service is operated In comparison as shown in Table 2 BCADrsquos fleet now includes 45 full‐size ElDorado buses‐‐40 manufactured in 2004 and 5
manufactured in 2006 Thus BCAD now owns between 13 to 17 more buses than are required to meet current needs
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
6
Since these buses are not needed now they could be considered surplus and sold It is suggested that if BCAD expects to continue to provide the
Port shuttle service then 13 buses be sold If BCAD expects to discontinue this service which serves a limited number of rental car companies then 15 to 17 buses could be sold It is recommended that newer buses be introduced to the fleet while the buses with the highest mileage and
doors on one side (see below) are phased out This action will reduce the average bus mileage and postpone the entire fleet reaching its useful life simultaneously
Maintenance of the Supplemental Bus Fleet BCADrsquos contract requires that LSF perform preventative maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet (eg exercising the buses) LSF is paid
$119010 per Supplemental Bus per month or $142812 annually to provide this service BCADrsquos contract also stipulates that the Supplemental Bus Fleet shall consist of vehicles varying in size and that the buses should not be more than five model years in age However the
Supplemental Bus Fleet consists solely of 40rsquo ElDorado buses manufactured in 2004 It is recommended that BCAD discontinue the preventative
maintenance on the Supplemental Bus Fleet
Disposition of Surplus or Unneeded Buses
It is recommended that BCAD sell the surplus buses including
13 to 17 of the ElDorado busesmdash It is recommended that BCAD sells or dispose of the 13 40rsquo ElDorado buses with doors on the right side These buses have a standard layout and would be attractive to other bus operators These 13 buses have a re‐sale value of about $12
million according to the February 2011 Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization The remaining ElDorado buses which have doors on both sides have a more limited after‐market use and thus have a lower resale value However it is recommended that up to four of the older surplus ElDorado buses with doors on both sides be sold as well Keeping a consistent fleet of ElDorado buses with doors on
both sides allows for cross‐utilization of these buses among the various routes and may help to balance mileage across the fleet Both Cobus airfield buses‐‐ These two buses are rarely usedmdashless than an average of 20 milesmonth between October 2010 and July
2011 LeighFisher is not aware of any Airport development or operational plan that will require the frequent loadingunloading of passengers on the airfield ramps These large vehicles cannot be used on public streets or within the parking structures It is suggested
that the Cobuses be sold or leased1 The estimated value of these buses is about $07 to $10 million
1 Subsequent to the completion of the initial research conducted for this project BCAD staff reported that they plan to use the Cobus vehicles for future airfield operations and thus the Cobus vehicles should be retained rather than sold or leased
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
7
Use of Alternative Fuels for Buses and Trams As noted in Table 2 the ElDorado bus fleet is composed of both bio‐diesel and hybrid electric powered vehicles Bio‐diesel or clean diesel has been the fuel source preferred by transit operators for many years In the past transit operators were reluctant to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses because of poor reliability the need for specially trained maintenance staff and specially equipped maintenance facilities and a lack
of ready and conveniently accessible fuel sources Although industry sources report that the reliability of CNG buses has improved it is suggested that BCAD continue to purchase full‐size buses using clean diesel (ultra‐low sulfur diesel) and potentially hybrid electric vehicles until such time as Broward County Transit switches to CNG fueled vehicles and a CNG fueling station is to be built on or near the Airport
The two tractors in regular operation use diesel fuel while the third spare tractor uses gasoline The low ceiling heights within the garages limit the choice of vehicles that can be used BCAD staff have considered the use of electric trams now used elsewhere in Florida for the garage
route to improve customer service fuel efficiencycosts and air quality However as a result of discussions with major tram manufacturers such
as Trams International Specialty Vehicles and Cruise Cars it is recommended that BCAD continue to use diesel or consider bio‐diesel powered
trams Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) could be considered as an alternative fuel if dispensing station were conveniently located Electric trams are not recommended for a 24‐hour shuttle operation because of the down‐time required to charge the batteries and because these vehicles have
insufficient power to pull a fully‐loaded passenger trailer CNG trams are not recommended because these vehicles would have to be equipped
with large and heavy fuel tanks to assure a reasonable range It is however recommended that BCAD maintain (a) a third reliable tractor as a
spare and incrementally replace the older tractors in order to maintain a suitable average age of the three tractors
Figure 1 Examples of electric powered trams
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
8
3 Bus Operations and Schedules As shown in Table 1 the published peak period headways are 10 minutes for the RCC and 15 minutes for the Inter‐terminal route and the Economy Lot shuttle
Analysis of Existing Bus Ridership and Headways
The following analyses of bus utilization and operations rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by bus drivers The use of manual counts is consistent with best practices within the transit industry although it is recognized that these counts may not be precisely accurate While
automated passenger count technologies that rely upon infrared sensors or vision cameras are available they too have a margin of error Consequently most airports operators rely upon manual passenger counts conducted by drivers It is recommended that (a) Airport staff or the
shuttle bus operator periodically audit the counts performed by the bus drivers to assure a consistent and accurate measurement of ridership (b) conduct trend analysis to identify changes in ridership patterns and (c) the contractor be required to report daily peak passenger loads by
route segment for the Inter‐terminal Loop much as they now do for the RCC and Economy Lot routes Average hourly ridership for both the RCC and the Economy routes are presented in Appendices C and D Table 4 prepared using August 2011
passenger counts presents the distribution of bus ridership by route As shown the average monthly occupancies are less than 5 passengers on
the Economy Lot route and 6 to 10 passengers on the Inter‐terminal loop and RCC routes
Table 4 Frequency of Bus Occupancy ndash August 2011
Number of bus Economy Lot Inter‐terminal RCC route passengers route Loop
0‐5 81 45 39 6‐10 13 22 16 11‐15 4 18 11 16‐20 2 9 9 21‐25 1 4 10 25‐30 0 2 9 gt30 0 1 6 Total 100 100 100
RCC Route Ridership and Headways The RCC route which serves rental car customers and employees parking in the Cypress Garage transports the largest number of riders Its peak loads occur at 5 AM and 3 PM when Airport employees are coming to and leaving work
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
9
During other hours the average ridership varies from 10 to 20 passengers per bus with the exception of late nightvery early morning hours (12AM ndash 3AM) when the average ridership is approximately 5 passengers per bus As shown in Table 5 based on individual August 2011
ridership reports passenger loads on this route exceeded 25 passengers 15 of the time but were less than 5 passengers 39 of time
The RCC route has a published headway of 10 minutes but field observations and analyses of bus schedule data show that the actual headways are 3 to 5 minutes These headways provide excellent customer service but result in higher operational costs particularly
between midnight and 300 AM when few passengers are riding this route As shown in Table 6 eliminating three buses from the RCC route
between midnight and 3AM could save almost $200000 per year in operational costs while keeping the headway well under 10 minutes
Table 5
Estimated Savings in RCC Operational Costs Resulting From Reducing Late Night Headways Route Current Suggested Buses in operation (midnight ndash 3AM) 7 4 Average headway (a) 3 min 5 min Bus hours 21 12 Daily cost ( $6053hour) $1271 $726
Annual Total Cost $463962 $265121 (a)Assuming a 20‐minute round‐trip time
Economy Route Ridership and Headways Based on an analysis of reported August 2011 ridership measured at each Economy Lot route
stop bus occupancies on the Economy route were less than five passengers 81 of the time and less than 10 passengers 94 of the time Consequently the Economy route bus schedule is driven by customer servicewait times or headways not required bus capacities
The number of buses assigned to the Economy route varies from 3 to 6 but remains fairly consistent throughout the day There are an
average of 5 passengers per bus consistently throughout the day except between midnight and 4AM when the bus is almost empty The
Economy Lot route has a published headway of 15 minutes but based on field observations and analyses of August 2011 ridership data it appears that the actual headways are less than 10 minutes 72 of the day This frequent headway provides an excellent level of customer service but results in higher operational costs Alternatively fewer buses could be assigned to this route and still provide the published
headways For example it estimated that a headway of less than 13 minutes would result if just two buses were assigned to this route
(assuming an observed round‐trip time of approximately 26 minutes) a 9‐minute headway (which is lower than the published standards) would result from using three buses and a headway of about 65 minutes would result from the use of four buses
Inter‐terminal (Loop) Route Ridership and Headways One bus is generally assigned to the Inter‐terminal Loop route and operates from 6AM
to 8PM The average passenger load on these buses varies from 5 to 15 passengers during peak periods One bus is sufficient to assure a
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
10
15‐minute headway Based on an analysis of August 2011 ridership there is an average of 10 passengers per bus on the Loop routes There
are as many as 15 passengers during peak periods but 85 of the loads have fewer than 15 passengers and 67 of the loads have fewer than 10 passengers
Potential Options to Improve Bus Operations
Based on the above analyses the following recommended options are expected to result in operational savings while maintaining desired
levels of customer service
Option to Improve RCC Operations It is recommended that the number of buses operating on the RCC route between midnight and
3 AM be reduced to better reflect the low passenger demand occurring during these hours As shown above eliminating three
buses on the route on these hours could result in savings of about $200000 each year
Option to Improve Economy Lot Operations It is recommended that Economy Lot bus schedule be adjusted to better match the
observed demands by eliminating one bus from the current schedule and eliminate a second bus between midnight and 4AM The
suggested changes would reduce the number of buses in operation to two buses between midnight and 4 AM and to three or four during the rest of day The suggested changes would result in annual saving about 10220 bus hours or $618620 while maintaining
a satisfactory level of customer service throughout the day The cost per passenger on the Economy route discussed earlier further supports a reduction in the Economy route bus schedule
Additional Potential Options As discussed in subsequent sections of this report it is suggested that BCAD evaluate the potential use of smaller buses (mini‐buses or cut‐away buses) on the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal Loop routes The use of smaller vehicles would better match the passenger demands and provide greater flexibility and maneuverability at the curbside roadways The use of smaller buses could
also facilitate ldquomanaged fillsrdquo within the Economy Lot which would improve customer service and reduce the bus travel distances within the
lot The use of smaller buses could provide additional benefits described in subsequent sections but would also have certain disadvantages which are also summarized
Evaluation of Multi‐level versus Single‐level RCC Route Operations
The RCC route is the only route that operates on both the departure and arrival levels with RCC customers dropped off on the upper level and picked‐up at the lower level The two other bus routes offering frequent service (ie the Economy Lot and Inter‐terminal routes) operate only on the arrivals level During peak conditions up to 17 buses are now used on the RCC route which contributes to curbside
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
11
roadway congestion In addition the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization suggests that during peak periods the RCC buses are
frequently full when they arrive at the last Ground Transportation Area (GTA) stop causing passengers to have to wait for the next bus
Potential modifications to the existing RCC route were evaluated to reduce roadway congestion while maintaining the desired levels of customer service These options includes operating the RCC route on a single levelmdasheither the upper level or the lower level curbside The
primary benefits of a single level operation are that it would reduce bus hours and miles as well as reduce curbside
requirementscongestion on the level not selected The primary disadvantages are due to the (a) increased curbside dwell time and
roadway congestion caused by passengers attempting to board buses with their bags at the same time other passengers are trying to get off and (b) reduced customer service as some passengers must change building levels inside the terminal
An additional alternative considered is to replace the existing multi‐terminal RCC loop with three directnon‐stop bus routes each
connecting the RCC and a single terminal (eg Terminals 2 3 or 4)2 It is suggested that this RCC route operate on the upper level curbside
to best serve the needs of time sensitive departing passengers and to reduce lower level roadway curbside congestion Non‐stop routes (as opposed to continuous loops) are used to serve consolidated rental car center operations at other airports having unit terminals (eg those
serving DallasFort Worth Houston Intercontinental and Phoenix SkyHarbor) A non‐stop route would improve customer service by better maintaining the desired headways on a consistent basis as the buses would only stop once and not be subject to ldquobunchingrdquo reduce the
required bus hours and reduce curbside roadway congestion on the arrival curbs Clear signage would be required at the RCC to indicate
to rental car customers which terminals and airlines are served by each bus stopbus route
As shown in Table 6 it is estimated that a total of 12 buses 4 on each terminal route would be required to provide a maximum customer wait time of 2 minutes on each individual terminal RCC route This is 5 fewer buses than are now used on the RCC route during peak
periods Greater savings could result from providing headway of less than 25 minutes (8 buses)
2 At the direction of BCAD staff LSF currently operates directnon‐stop service for arriving rental car customers on the lower level roadway during peak periods This service differs from the proposed service as it only serves arriving customers on the lower versus the upper‐level roadway
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
12
Table 6
Estimated Savings in Peak Period Buses on RCC Routes
Number of Buses Required to Operate RCC Route During Peak Period Operational headway
(mmss) Current loop operation Directnon‐stop operation to
Terminals 2 3 and 4 Reduction in Peak Period
Buses on RCC Route 125 145 220 330
17 17 17 17
15 12 9 6
2 5 8 11
Assumes a 7‐minute cycle time for each non‐stop operation to Terminals 2 3 and 4
Based on July 2011 RCC route bus schedule implementing single‐level operation with non‐stop service using 12 buses (4 on each terminal
operation) during peak periods would allow BCAD to save 99 bus hours each week or approximately $310000 annually
Appropriate Bus Sizes
As noted above BCAD uses 40rsquo buses on all three primary routes Use of a single bus model and size allows for cross‐utilization of the buses among all routes and reduces the required number of spare buses and inventory of spare parts It also simplifies bus maintenance and
driver training
Some other airport operators (eg those serving BaltimoreWashington DallasFort Worth Denver and Orlando) operate a fleet composed
of large full‐size buses and smaller cut‐aways or mini‐buses For example Salt Lake City operates both large ElDorado Axess 40‐foot buses as well as a small fleet of ElDorado Passport 29‐foot cut‐away buses The cut‐away buses are used to serve parking facilities during low‐demand off‐peak periods In addition smaller buses are frequently used for managed fills parking services because their maneuverability
enables them to easily negotiate all portions of a surface lot as opposed to full‐size buses which must stay on fixed routes to weight loadspavement thicknesses and turning radii In addition compared to a full‐size bus drivers can easily get off and assist customers with
baggage
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
13
It is recommended that BCAD staff give further consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of operating a mixed fleet These
considerations include Table 7
Advantages and Disadvantages of Operating a Mixed Fleet
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of a Single Size (Large) Bus
Advantages of a Fleet Composed of Large and Small Buses
Provides for greater flexibility as any bus can be used on any route Lower initial capital costs and lower costs for parts and tires Reduces number of required spare buses due to flexibility Allows greater flexibility as capacities can be better matched
to passenger demand (fewer empty seats) No significant savings in driver labor as wages for both large and small buses are comparable
Drivers can assist passengers with their bags thus better suited for managed fills
Saves driver training maintenance costsfacilities and parts inventory More maneuverable and utilize less curb space Longer useful life than as most large buses are designed for use in transit operations unlike vans or truck mounted cut‐aways
Significantly better fuel efficiency
Allows for low floor operations easier access for passengers and their baggage due to the absence of steps and greater storage in the vehicle
Can be supplied at competitive prices by multiple manufacturers with reasonable delivery times
Allows for easier accommodation of ADA passengers Can be used for special events or tours Better customer service Allows for the use of route specific exterior bus wraps
4 Contractor Fees and Charges Compensationhourly rates
LSF is compensated on a fixed fully burdened hourly basis which includes all costs associated with operating and maintaining the Core Bus Fleet The contract stipulates three different hourly rates depending how many bus hours are billed per year although LSF staff report that only the rate with the fewest number of bus hours has ever been used The agreement also includes an ldquoIdle Hourly Raterdquo that is to be
used when reduced passenger activity does not require all buses on the route to be in service while keeping buses and drivers available
Most airport operators using management agreements reimburse shuttle bus contractors using a fixed management fee plus driver labor costs (burdened to include allowable overhead items plus profit) and reimbursable expenses (eg uniform office supplies) The definition
of reimbursable expense varies from airport to airport At some airports a portion of the reimbursable expenses (including scheduled
maintenance and fuel) are included in the hourly labor fee for drivers while at other airports reimbursable expenses are treated
completely separate For this reason it is difficult to compare the hourly labor rate paid LSF ($6053) with the rates paid bus contractors at
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
14
selected peer airports which are $3576 $3895 and $4464 at DallasFort Worth McCarran (Las Vegas) and Phoenix Sky Harbor) respectively (Refer to Appendices A and B for further detail)
It is recommended that BCAD defines in‐service hour and idle hour more clearly since two different hourly rates are defined in the contract Suggested definitions are as follows
a In‐service bus bus assigned to a route and actively loading and unloading passengers b Idle bus bus and bus driver available to serve a route but currently inactive because level of passenger demand does not
warrant their utilization
Reimbursable expenses
LSFrsquos contract includes the price of fuel as a component of the fully burdened hourly fee but allows for an adjustment and reimbursement of extra costs if the per gallon price exceeds $450 It is very common for airport operators to provide the fuel for their shuttle bus operators Fuel is generally excluded from the management fee and reimbursable expenses and supplied to the contractor at no cost However the operator is generally required to estimate future annual fuel requirements for budget purposes and schedule fuel delivery
with a third party fuel supplier
According to Florida Department of Revenue local government users such as municipalities and counties are entitled to a refund of federal and state taxes paid on diesel and motor gasoline fuel Consequently it is recommended that as part of future contracts fuel purchases be
excluded from the fully burdened hourly fee and that BCAD assume responsibility for purchasing fuel Based on the estimated FY2010 bio‐diesel fuel consumption of 285669 gallons described in the Internal Review of Shuttle Bus Fleet Utilization BCAD could save approximately
$1570003 per year in fuel taxes by purchasing the diesel fuel for the shuttle buses
3 Diesel fuel tax of 549 cents per gallon in Florida American Petroleum Institute July 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
15
5 Required Contractor Deliverables
BCADrsquos contract with the consolidated shuttle bus contractor requires that the shuttle bus operator submit reports twice a month (bi‐monthly reports) to support the operatorrsquos invoices
Current Contractor Deliverables
The contract requires that these reports present
a The name and hours worked of each shuttle bus contractor employee who worked at the Airport
b The number of actual bus or vehicles hours by route and vehicle type including fuel and tire usage (eg Core or Supplemental Fleet)
c The number of passengers transported on each route
In addition the Operating Plan refers indirectly to reporting accidents and passenger complaints The operating plan also suggests that BCAD would be provided direct (ie online) access to LSFrsquos Collective Data Maintenance Software system
Potential Contractor Deliverables
In addition to the above reports other airports require that shuttle bus contractors regularly submit report indicating
a All accidents including a copy of any police reports filed list of vehicles people buildingsobjects involved and other details (eg time place description) Also copies of Notification of Transit Bus Accident forms should be submitted to BCAD
b Maintenance reports indicating when vehicles are scheduled to have A B or C level inspections or when basic and major preventive maintenance is scheduled
c Summary of driver training records indicating what training each driver has received and when the next training is scheduled to occur
d Budget variance for the month and an explanation of any exceptional high variance
Regular Audits
It is recommended that each year or every other year BCAD conduct formal audits of the contractorrsquos operations including the contractorrsquos financial records operational records and practices and maintenance records Often such audits are only performed by outside agencies or when there is a concern regarding the contractorrsquos performance Best industry practices call for such audits to be conducted on a regular basis during the term of the contract and with the contractor provided advance notice that such audits will occur
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
16
6 Standard Operating Procedures
Article 62 (Operational Requirements and Standards) and other portions of the Agreement require that the operator ldquosubmit a management and operation plan (ldquoOperating Planrdquo) which shall at a minimum included the items identified in Exhibit G (Management and Operating Plan) The Agreement also requires that the Operating Plan be updated annually In response LSF has prepared and submitted a Management and Operating Plan the most recently updated March 11 2011 The contents of LSFrsquos Management and Operating Plan correspond to the topic list identified in Exhibit G
A Human Resources‐‐employment policies pay and benefits training and orientation job descriptions B Management Plan‐‐organization charts employee rosters work schedules and general policies C Standard Operating Procedures‐‐duties of operator (drivers) maintenance supervisors and personnel and other staff D Contingency Planning‐‐emergency planning holiday plans vehicle down time and route changes E Safety‐‐safety plan training accident prevention and reporting procedures F Vehicle Maintenance‐‐equipment (bus) standards duties of mechanics and maintenance supervisors programs for preventive
maintenance environmental maintenance fueling and repair maintenance) rates and charges for repairs repair work orders electronic tracking system for maintenance and vehicle service and electronic tracking capabilities for the Aviation Department)
Comparison with Industry Best Practices
Overall the LSF Management and Operating Plan addresses the contractually required topics and is generally thorough It is consistent with the standard operating plans used by other airport operators
The Operating Plan addresses some topics in greater depth than others For example much more text is devoted to A‐Human Resources and BmdashManagement Plan than to FmdashVehicle Maintenance Significant portions of the report appear to be copied directly from applicable Statefederal rules and regulations vendor manuals or boiler plate text applicable to any bus operations (rather than specifically tailored for Airport operations) Specific examples include
Section FmdashWithin the ldquoelectronic trafficking system for maintenance and vehicle servicerdquo text the description of the ldquoCollective Datardquo fleet managementelectronic tracking appears to be copied directly from sales literature without any reference to LSF BCAD or the Airport (Note While the Section 632 of the Agreement calls for BCAD staff to be provided on‐line real‐time access to the fleet managementelectronic tracking data it does not appear that BCAD has such on‐line access)
Section E‐‐ The description of the System Safety Program Plan refers to and incorporates Chapter 14‐90 [which although not mentioned is the Florida Administrative Rules concerning safety standards for bus transit systems] Page 124 refers to Section 4 below item number 5 and item number 6 It is not clear what these references are as there is no Section 4 and the subsequent text is not numbered It appears that this text was copied from other sources
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
17
Suggested Improvements
The Operating Plan could be improved if it were to
1 Be made more user friendly by incorporating an index
2 Provide additional information about the unique aspects of bus operations in a terminal operation There is no reference to curbside stops use of the GTAs or other aspects of bus operations at the Airport that differ from bus operations on a city street
3 Reference or incorporate BCAD rules and regulations particularly those governing operations on and use of the curbside areas
4 Include maps or plans depicting the specific Airport routes and designated bus stops The Operating Plan does not mention the four terminals the rental car center the GTAs or the routes
5 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate vehicles on the airfield including escorted and unescorted vehicles use of standard buses as well as the Cobus airfield buses (For example indicate the requirements that BCAD has established for drivers who are authorized to operate vehicles on the airfield)
6 Describe the procedures and specialized training needed to operate trams and tram‐trailer combinations in the parking garages including the loadingunloading of passengers and their baggage
7 Minimize duplication For example driveroperator training is presented multiple times
8 Confirm that drivers are allowed to accept gratuities (page 12) and to assist passengers carrying luggage on to and off the buses Some airports prohibit the acceptance of gratuities or having drivers leave their seats to loadunload baggage
9 Require a ldquoService Island Inspectorrdquo who not only pumps the fuel but also inspects the bus for cleanliness and safety This is called for in the existing Operating Manual but apparently has not been implemented
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
18
7 Financial Incentives and Penalties
BCADrsquos existing Agreement does not include provisions for incentive awards Increasingly the best industry practices for shuttle bus agreements include provisions for incentives (or rewards) and penalties (or liquidated damages)
Typically when including incentive and penalty provisions in shuttle bus contracts airport operators seek to
1 Award rewards and penalties consistently and fairly using measurements that are readily quantifiable and less likely to be debated 2 Recognize the outstanding performance (or savings) resulting from the direct actions of the shuttle bus operator rather than those
resulting from the actions or initiatives of airport staff 3 Establish incentives and penalties that are sufficient to encourage the desired behavior but not enough to affect the airportrsquos budget 4 Minimize the amount of staff time required to oversee and manage the incentives and penalties program 5 Recognize that the Director of Aviation is solely responsible for determining if the contractor has met or exceeded the established
standards 6 Require that rewards be shared with all employers of the bus operator rather than being just distributed among management or
corporate staff Typically incentives and rewards are awarded on a quarterly basis (to minimize staff time requirements) and are added to or subtracted from the
payment due the shuttle bus operator The incentive amounts vary depending upon the size or complexity of the shuttle bus operation and base
fees paid to the contractor For example an airport could award $0 if the contractor meets minimum expected standards and amount equivalent to 10 of the contractorrsquos quarterly payments for good performance and 20 of the quarterly payments for exceptional performance
Incentive Payments
Examples of typical metrics or measurements used to award incentives or rewards include
1 Safety ndash Safety can be determined as the ratio of accidents per total monthly or quarterly bus‐hours For example BCAD could award the
contractor no incentive payment if there were two or more accidents a small payment if there are one or two accidents and the maximum
payment if there are no accidents during the reporting period
2 Reliability ndash Reliability can be determined as the percentage of shuttle buses that during the peak periods meet or exceed the required
maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual or other contract document The time intervals between successive shuttle buses on a given route can be accurately recorded at designated points (eg the
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
19
exit from the Rental Car Center from the Economy Lot or from a selected GTA) using an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system such
as the system that the BCAD expects to install in the next 12 months For example using an AVI system it is possible to determine the percentage of buses during the peak period (which can be defined
differently for each route) that operate at headways that are equal to or less than the headway specified in the Operating Manual The
shuttle bus contractor could be awarded no incentive payment if fewer than 90 of the buses have headways that are equal to or less than
required headway a small reward if 90 to 95 of the buses achieve this objective and the maximum payment if more than 95 of the
buses achieve the headway objective
3 Courtesy and Service ndash Courtesy and service can be measured using the results of quarterly mystery shopping surveys For example several airport operators require that (1) the shuttle bus contractor retain an independent mystery shopping service or company to regularly
survey all elements of the shuttle bus service and (2) the mystery shopping company report directly to airport staff although the mystery
shopping companyrsquos services are paid for by the bus contractor under the terms of their airport contract (Typically the shuttle bus operatorrsquos contract establishes an annual budget amount for mystery shopping services) Each quarter airport staff instruct the mystery
shopping company which aspects of the shuttle bus operations to review and receive the raw surveyinitial survey results Airport staff share these results with the shuttle bus contractor and require that the contractor provide a written report describing the actions to be
implemented to improve any identified service deficiencies The contractor could be rewarded based upon a percentage of areas surveyed receiving good or exceptional scores and by comparing
current scores with past scores For example the shuttle bus contractor would receive no incentive payment if they receive a score of 85
or less a small reward if they receive a score of 90 or less and the maximum award if they receive a score that is above 90
Penalties or Liquidated Damages
Typically liquidated damages are subtracted from the payments due a shuttle bus contractor for unsatisfactory service or operations Examples of the metrics or measurements used by other airport operators to levy penalties or damages include
1 SafetymdashSafety can be measured based upon the number of accidents per month or quarter Financial penalties could be charged for if the
contractor has more than two accidents per month or per ____ thousand vehicle‐hours with the amount of the penalty increasing should
the contractor have three or more accidents
2 Reliability ndash The shuttle bus operator could be penalized if bus headways consistently fail to meet the maximum headways (or time interval between successive buses on a given route) specified in the Operating Manual For example if AVI reports indicate that the headways on
any route at any time were 5 minutes 10 minutes or more than 20 minutes longer than those specified in the Operating Manual the
penalty might be $250 $500 or $1000 per occurrence These maximum times and financial penalties are examples and not
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
20
recommendations Because at Fort Lauderdale International Airport customer needs and expectations vary by shuttle bus route it might make sense to require tighter adherence to the specified headway and levy larger financial penalties on the RCC route than on the Economy
Parking Lot route
3 Courtesy and ServicemdashCourtesy and service could be measured using the proposed mystery shopping service For example a score of 85
or less could be considered unsatisfactory or below expectations In addition financial penalties could be levied if specific customer service
requirements such as contractor employee appearance and vehicle cleanliness are not met Standards for employee appearance and vehicle
clearance are contained in the Operating Manual Financial penalties for non‐compliance should be included in the Operating Manual
For example a penalty of $500 for each vehicle that is found to have not been cleaned and washed in accord with required standards $500
for unauthorized tampering with radios GPS devices AVI tags and other equipment $200 for each day a vehicle is operated without properly functioning of heating air conditioning safety accessibility systems radios GPS or other equipment and $100 could be charged
each time a recommended preventive maintenance was not preformed Similar penalties could be established for driver appearance and
training
In event of continued unsatisfactory mystery shopping service scores (eg two consecutive quarters with unsatisfactory scores) some
airports require that the shuttle bus contractor retain at their cost an independent customer service consultant to review the existing
service and to advise the shuttle bus contractor how to improve its performance The original agreement may place a cap on the cost of this customer service consultant and may require that the airport provide prior approval
4 ReportsmdashThe contractor could be charged a penalty (eg $50) for failure to submit on a timely basis the required monthly and other recurring reports specified in the Operating Manual
5 Non‐compliance with Airport Rules and RegulationsmdashAlthough the existing Operating Manual does not refer to Airport Rules and
Regulations it is suggested that a financial penalty be charged for each time the shuttle bus contractor or their employees fail to comply
with these rules and regulations
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
21
8 Customer service and standards
Verbal Announcements
When riding the shuttle buses it was observed that verbal messages as well as messages on LED screens were triggered by a GPS signal every
time a bus approached a terminal stop However the verbal messages were generally triggered a few seconds before the bus reached the stop
especially on the Economy and Inter‐terminal Loop routes As a result passengers have very limited time to determine if this is their stop especially if they are not familiar with the Airport or distracted by their surroundings It is suggested that the verbal announcements for each
terminal be made earlier to give passengers additional time to determine if they need to gather their belongings and get off the bus In addition verbal announcements for the next terminal stop could be made as the bus doors are closed and the bus departs the terminal stop
In addition the on‐board verbal announcements do not list the airlines in each terminal whereas messages on the LED screens do It is recommended that verbal and written messages provide consistent information to better inform airline passengers
SignsMaps
It would be valuable to bus riders if maps or diagrammatic terminal plans were installed inside the buses depicting the location of the bus stops the Airport terminal buildings along with the airlines in each terminal Passengers using the Economy Lot shuttle are on the bus for more than
10 minutes Airport maps located inside the bus would allow passengers to quickly understand where they need to get off the shuttle bus without relying on last minute verbal messages Other airports have installed video monitors inside the parking shuttle buses promoting
restaurants and stores inside each of the terminals
Bus Colors
Customers would be better served if all buses had consistent exterior graphics This would also better allow all buses to be cross‐utilized on
multiple routes It is recognized that the art‐in‐public places program may adversely affect this recommendation
County Bus
The RCC bus dynamic signage indicates ldquoCounty Busrdquo among other messages such as ldquoRental Car Centerrdquo Indeed Broward County Transit (BCT) Route 1 serves the Airport at the RCC However ldquoCounty Busrdquo seems unclear and confusing to passengers It is recommended that the ldquoCounty
Busrdquo sign be removed from the dynamic signs and dedicated signs be clearly visible to explain (1) where the BCT bus is available (2) where can
passengers go using the BCT Route 1 and (3) how to get from the Airports terminals to the RCC
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
22
9 Maintenance Facilities and Fuel Storage Equipment
Bus maintenance area
BCAD provides a maintenance area for LSFrsquos use for in maintaining storing fueling cleaning and servicing It includes three maintenance bays a
fueling area a parts storage area office area and LSF employee parking
Fuel storage tanks
The Countyrsquos contract with LSF stipulates that two 12000 gallon fuel tanks were to be installed at the shuttle bus maintenance facility to replace
the existing 500 gallon tank However as of November 2011 the new fuel tanks have not yet been installed Because of the limited fuel capacity
of the existing tank fuel must be delivered twice daily to assure continuity of operations Shuttle bus operations would need to be curtailed or cancelled should fuel deliveries be disrupted It is our understanding that the new tanks are to be installed this year or early next year The
larger fuel tanks will provide for more a reliable operation It is recommended that the new tanks provide for a computerized fuel management system
10 Contract Term
The Agreement includes a three year term but no option years It is recommended that future agreements include provision for up to three one
year option years at the Countyrsquos sole discretion
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
23
APPENDIX A COMPARISON OF PUBLIC PARKING SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Dallas-Ft Worth Dallas - Ft Worth
Phoenix Sky Harbor
(for Express Public Parking
only)
(for Remote Economy Parking
only)
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft + Seating Capacity 35 14 23 35 24 24 21 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG Number of Buses 36 39 25 28 38 - 30
MakeModel ElDorado Axess
Glavel El Dorado
El Dorado Easy Rider III El Dorado El Dorado - Ford E450
Cutaway Average Bus Age (years) 2 years 15 5 4 55 New 1 How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
3- 5 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
Bus ownership and maintenance
Shuttles are
Who purchased the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Airport
Bus Contractor
Bus Contractor
leased by the Parking Operator and are replaced
every 3 years
They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
Airport and Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus
Contractor Bus Operator
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
Phoenix Sky Harbor
Veolia Transportation
Dallas-Ft Worth (for Express Public Parking only)
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System
Parking
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Remote
Economy Parking only)
Airport Board staff
Dallas - Ft Worth (for Employee Parking
only)
Standard Parking
Sacramento
AMPCO
Las Vegas McCarran
Executive Transportation
24
Houston Intercontinental
New South Parking (Joint
venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking)
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate
$2160 hour Unscheduled Maintenance
rate $5400 per hour (refer to complete survey
results for details)
$1855 Vehicle Hour (original
contract) NA
$3576 Vehicle
Hour (original contract)
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
$3395 Vehicle Hour
Fuel surcharge
$500 Vehicle Hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate
Hourly Rate NA Hourly Rate
Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver
fuel maintenance insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays No No No No Internal
Advertisement No No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
25
APPENDIX B COMPARISON OF RENTAL CAR SHUTTLE OPERATIONS AT SELECTED PEER AIRPORTS
Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarran
Houston Intercontinental
Bus Fleet Bus Length 40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft + Seating Capacity 35 28 24 26 26 Fuel Type CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel Number of Buses 72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado Gillig Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Average Bus Age (years) 6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve lt5 11 - 17 20 50 14
Bus ownership and maintenance Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport
Bus contractor Scheduled and
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
preventative maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate Separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from ConRAC
Paid through the Customer
Transportation Charge (CTC)
Airport Bus Contractor
Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Fuel is purchased
through the CTC Airport Airport Bus Contractor
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
26
Las Vegas Houston Phoenix Sky Harbor Dallas - Ft Worth Sacramento McCarran Intercontinental
Contractor fees
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the service
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Bus advertising Do the buses have advertising displays
Veolia Transportation
$4664 Vehicle Hour Curb Coordinator rate $2160 hour
Unscheduled Maintenance rate $5400 per hour
(refer to complete survey results for details)
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the hourly
bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus hourly rate
No
The contract is between the tenant consortium and the
Operator The current operator is Standard
Parking
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual operating
expenses
Customer Transportation Charge
pays for the bus maintenance
No
AMPCO
Contractor is paid a set
management fee and is
reimbursed for approved
through cost (labor benefits supplies etchellip)
Actual expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
Airport pays cost of operations and
reimburses contractor for all
services related to operations such
as staff parts and services
Actual Expenses
Yes internal
First Transit Inc
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at the end of the year
(excluding fuel)
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed
for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year First Transit reimburses
60 of the savings to the LLC
No
Source Survey of selected airports conducted by AL Jackson amp Company November 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
27
2011 APPENDIX C MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE RCC ROUTE ndash AUGUST
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
28
APPENDIX D MININMUM MAXIMUM AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS PER BUS ON THE ECONOMY ROUTE ndash AUGUST 2011
General Planning Services ndash Review Busing and Revenue System Maintenance Agreements Fort Lauderdale‐Hollywood International Airport
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Parking Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport
Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the public and
employee parking shuttle buses Veolia Transportation
Express Parking shuttles operated by Ampco System Parking
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Standard Parking AMPCO
Executive Transportation
New South Parking (Joint venture of Central Parking
and Global Parking) provides the shuttle operations for public remote economy
parking lots as part of the parking operations and
management agreement HAS does not manage any employee lots that require
shuttle operations
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 112007 - 123110 See above 8107 - 73110 112006 to 12312010 4110 - 63011 Start -December 1999 End
ndash January 2015
Option Year(s) Provisions
Five (5) one year options Three 2 year options See above 3 Two year options 112011 to 12312015 4 one year renewal options 2 (Two) One Year options
Annual Contract Amount
Contract Award Amount $11474 million Budgeted Amount $11336 million Approximately $57 MM in FY2012 See above Approximately $54 million FY2012
$33461248 year 1 to $44707492 year 10 $125 million
Covers all functions of the parking operations and
management agreement $11806336 Contract Year
2011
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year CPI See above CPI about 3 per year None NA
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
None Incentives for on-time performance
vehicle reliability accidents etc See above NA None NA
What routes are operated to from the airport
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
To From Economy Parking
Airfield Emergency
Others
Two (2) economy parking lots are served with three (3) dedicated bus routes
Provides bus service that connects to the Phoenix Light Ratil station during it hours o operation just north of the airport Buses are part of the Airport Emergency Plan
Buses are used to operated DFW Airport connection to the Trinity Rail Express train station off-airport rail communters to from DFW Airport
This service is 18 hours per day Monday - Saturday
Airport Tours and Daily Parking lots
Contracted shuttle busses can be used for any reason
however we currently use them for the Economy Lot Shuttle
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40ft + 20 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 30 ft + 20 ft +
Capacity
35 14 23 35 24 24 21 PAX
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG CNG
Of Buses
36 39 25 28 38 30
MakeModel
Eldorado Axess Glavel El Dorado 2010 and 2011 El Dorado Easy Rider II El Dorado El Dorado Ford E450 Cutaway
Avg Bus Age
2 years 15 years 5 years 4 years 55 New 1 year
Route Information
Approx Route Length (RT)
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
3 miles 29
To From Economy Parking
35 - 5 miles 60 min 30 in each direction North
South 35 3 miles
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
28
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
Others
6 miles
46 Daily Parking Lots ldquoBreaker Busesrdquo (relief buses for lunches
breaks etc) Do not run routes but rather run an on demand service
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
17 8 2
To From Economy Parking
15 3-6 min 13 buses 15 minute headway 20 hrs
per day 430 AM - 1230 AM 12 5 5 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
10
Others
312 min 6
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
Terminal Circulation
To From Employee Parking
4 20 1
To From Economy Parking
315 8 buses 1230 AM - 430 AM Demand
Service (call for pickup) 6 1 15 min
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center
5
Others
215 2
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Non-Assigned
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 3- 5 (calculated based on number provided below) 20 20 Approximately 40 20 Unknown 20
of Spare Buses
1-2 depending on day 8 based on provided 5 11 8 Unknown 6
Number of bus hours by route by month See Ridership Template Summary
Average about 2600 billable hours per month 4684 avg hrs
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Ridership Template Summary Unknown 59440 avg
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Time of Day Avg 5 minutes Variation only by peak non peak hours Time of Day Peak times routes may slow
slightly due to demand Time of day No contract requires 10
minute max
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Monitored by agents
Supervisory staff verifies services is being met and Mystery Shoppers gave been contracted to report on service Monitored by Agents
Random Time Checks to insure compliance
Do not monitor the buses however it generally not a
problem as the drivers coordinate this themselves Yes
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor
Shuttles are leased by the Parking Operator and are
replaced every 3 years
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor They are leased
Who is responsible for bus maintenance Airport and Bus Contractor Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Airport Bus Contractor Bus Contractor
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel Airport Airport Airport Airport Airport Bus Contractor Bus Operator
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport On Airport Off Airprot
Currently off-airport until our CNG station is constructed
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property On Airport On Airport Yes Yes Yes Not for bus contract
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and capacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG
Alternate fuel Compressed natural gas station is being constructed and should be
completed mid Nov
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
PARKING SURVEY SUMMARY
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth (for Public
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Remote
Parking only) Dallas ‐ Ft Worth (for Employee Parking only) Sacramento
Las Vegas McCarren (for public parking only) Baltimore‐Washington
Houston Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled
maintenance rate that includes all costs for bus maintenance and repairs not included
in the bus hourly rate is paid at $54 per hour
Vehicle Hour which was $1855 per original contract
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff
Vehicle Hour which began at $3576 per original contract
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Vehicle Hour which is currently $3395 per hour Executive
Trans bills based on driver sign inout logs and their own GPS
System In addition a fuel surcharge is calculated and
added to the base hourly rate which is currently $005 per
hour for a total of $3895 per hour
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly Total monthly fee is approximately
$1 million
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at an hourly rate Hourly Rate
NA ndash Remote Parking Shuttles are operated by Airport Board staff Hourly Rate Actual expenses
Hourly rate is all inclusive with driver fuel maintenance
insurance etc
All cost are included in the operations and management
fee paid monthly
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile
or bus hour rate
Parts and material costs as described above Bottled water and USA today
newspaper See above
Will be paid through approved costs Fuel surcharge NA
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes No No No Will be paid through approved
costs Yes No
If yes please summarize contract provisions
Paid at at the bus hourly rate
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain) Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies AVI
4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No No No Yes No No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays
Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually
NA
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary Rental Car Shuttle Bus Operations Survey Conducted by AL Jackson amp Company
Fort Lauderdale Hollywood International Airport Summary of Survey Results
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
1 BUS OPERATOR INFORMATION
Who is currently contracted by the airport to operate the Rental Car
shuttle buses
Veolia Transportation
The Airport does not contract the Rental Car Shuttle operation at
DFW The contract is between the tenant consortium and the Operator
The current operator is Standard Parking The Operator has declined
to answer these questions AMPCO First Transit
The Contract is between IAH RAC LLC and First
Transit Inc
What are the contractual terms of the agreement including duration and option year provisions
See above
Initial Contract Start Date End Date
1212009 - 12312013 See above 112006 to 12312010
Initial term 91606 ended on Dbo 4707 primary term 3 years w options of 3 years (total possbile 15 years if
approved) December 14 2002 -
August 31 2012
Option Year(s) Provisions
five (5) one year options 112011 to 12312015 4 options of 3 years each zero
Annual Contract Amount
Awarded amount - $13526 million Budgeted amount - $11001 million See above
$17253456 year one to $22020108 year 10 plus approved through costs
Has varied from $52 MM to $69 million annually
$299028 or 68 of annual operating budget
but not greater than $350000 Charges for fuel will not be used in the calculation of the
68 Management Fee
Annual Contract Adjustment (CPI)
CPI-All Urban Areas for Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County calculated on
preceding calender year See above About 3 per year NA Zero
Financial Penalties and or Rewards
No See above NA NA
First Transit will receive 40 of any savings
below the budget excluding fuel
Does the Consolidated Rental Car Center Route serve other airport facilities besides the Consolidated Rental Car Center and the Airport Terminal
No No No No No
If yes please explain
Number of shuttle buses in fleet operated by or on behalf of the airport
Bus Fleet Size
Bus Length
40 ft + 40 ft + 30 ft + 40 ft + 40 ft +
Capacity
35 28 24 26 26
Fuel Type
CNG CNG CNG Bio Diesel Diesel
Of Buses
72 46 38 50 25
MakeModel
El Dorado Axess El Dorado El Dorado 40 Gilling Low Floor Gillig Low Floor
Avg Bus Age
6 yrs 1 yr 55 years 5 9 yrs
Route Information
Route Description
To From Consolidated Rental Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated Rental
Car Center Terminal Circulation To From Consolidated
Rental Car Center
Approx Route Length (RT)
5 miles 23-25 mins 28 miles 71 miles 513 miles
0f Buses Peak Hours Headway
38 25 9 22-25 est 14
of Buses Off Peak Hours Headway
5 86 5 18-22 est 4
Other
The routes are dedicated RACTerminalRAC 5 terminals
approximate 23 minute round trip 5 minute headways
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
Are buses permanently assigned to one or more routes or can any
bus be operated on any route
Permanently Assigned Both - determined by what is
needed at the time Non-Assigned Non-Assigned Both
How many spare buses do the bus operator airport maintain in reserve
of Fleet
Approx 1 - 3 based on response below Approx 11 - 17 20 50 14
of Spare Buses
2 - 4 depending on time of year 5 ndash 8 8 25 11
Number of bus hours by route by month See Template
Number of passengers transported by route by month See Template Avg 17245 per month
Do bus headway times vary by time of day or season
Both by time of day and season Peak times routes may be
slightly delayed No
Between 1100 PM and 500 AM we will pick up our customers within 10 minutes Other hours of
the day we pick up customers within 5
minutes
How does the airport monitorenforce these headways
Automated Vehicle Identification (AVI) Random Time Checks to insure
compliance
AVI System - Important Headways are no the most
important enforcement customer wait time is the
critical concern
First Transit monitors by using bus logs We also
are in the process of adding technology to our buses which will monitor
our performance
2 BUS OWNERSHIP
Who purchased the buses Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The city of Houston owns the buses
Who will own the buses upon the expiration of the existing contract Airport Airport Airport Airport
Other The City of Houston
Who is responsible for bus maintenance
The bus contractor is responsible for providing scheduled and preventative
maintenance which is covered in the bus hourly rate There is a separate
unscheduled maintenance rate for additional required maintenance which are
paid for with Customer Facility Charges (CFCs) from Consolidated Rental Car
Center
Other Bus Contractor The maintenance cost is paid
through the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Bus Contractor Rental Car Consortium
Who is contractually responsible for purchasing fuel
Airport Other Fuel is purchased through
the Customer Transportation Charge Airport Airport Bus Contractor First
Transit
Are buses fueled on airport property or off airport property On On On On Airport On
Does the airport operate a fueling station on airport property
Yes No Yes Yes No
If yes what is the capacity of the facility in gallons
Compressors can manage 3000 cubic feet per minute and cpacity for 60000
cubic feet of storage on site 20000
If yes what type of fuel does the facility contain
Alternate fuel CNG Alternate fuel CNG ndash operated by
Clean Energy Alternate fuel CNG Bio-diesel Diesel
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental
3 CONTRACTOR OPERATOR FEES CHARGES amp ACCOUNTABILITY
How is the shuttle bus contractor reimbursed for operations
Vehicle Hour The contractor is reimbursed for an hourly bus rate that covers all the contractors cost for bus
operation including supplies equipment and scheduled preventative maintenance which per original contract was $4664 hour Also a curb coordinator hourly rate
that covers all costs to provide the service including wages and benefits recruitment training uniforms retention and radios is paid at $2160 per hour An unscheduled maintenance rate that includes all costs
for bus maintenance and repairs not included in the bus hourly rate is paid at
$54 per hour
Customer Transportation Charge pays for the operations
maintenance and fuel by month based on invoice amount ndash actual
operating expenses
Contractor is paid a set management fee and is
reimbursed for approved through cost (labor benefits supplies
etchellip) Current yearly fee is $593453 which 33 is allocated to the RAC portion and 67 to
parking One operator does both parking and rental car shuttle bus
services
Airport pays cost of operations and reimburses contractor for
alll services realted to operations such as staff parts
and services
First Transit is reimbursed for set
monthly fee plus 40 savings from budget at
the end of the year (excluding fuel)
Are there contract provisions for special requests or supplemental hours
Yes Yes No No
If yes please summarize contract provisions Payment for these hours will be at bus
hourly rate Will be paid through approved
costs
How are maintenance costs reimbursed
Scheduled and preventative maintenance is covered as part of the overhead in the
hourly bus rate Unscheduled maintenance is reimbursed at the bus
hourly rate Actual expenses Actual Expenses
Other Monthly First Transit is reimbursed for budgeted expenses and at the end of the year
First Transit reimburses 60 of the savings to the
LLC
What other costs are reimbursed and not included in the per mile or bus hour rate
Parts and materials at cost Pre-approved through costs
What type of reports is the contractor required to submit regularly
Bus hoursmileage and other data supporting invoices
Monthly Annually
Ridership Reports
Weekly Monthly Monthly Annually
Route Utilization Reports
Monthly Monthly
Safety Reports
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Customer Complaints
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
MBE SBE Participation Reports
Monthly Annually
Maintenance Records
Monthly Monthly Monthly Annually
Other (please explain)
Quarterly Annually First Transit provides a
comparison of expenses to budget and must
explain any overages or savings
Are any of the following technologies in use
Next bus technology signage
Automated stop announcementsmdashaudio andor visual
GPS to monitor bus locations and mileage
Driver camera (crash cameras back and front views)
Other advanced technologies
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined
Rental Car Survey Summary
Phoenix Dallas‐Ft Worth Sacramento Las Vegas McCarren Baltimore‐Washington Houston
Intercontinental 4 BUS ADVERTISING
Do the buses have advertising displays
No No Yes yes No
If yes please check all that apply in relation to the advertising displays Internal Internal
If yes how much revenue is received annually NA Internal Advertising NA Internal Advertising
How are advertising rates determined