Proceedings of the

34th Annual

International Conference of the

Association for the

Development of Computer-Based

Instructional Systems

Norfolk Waterside Marriott Hotel

Norfolk, VA

November 8-11, 1992

ADCIS International Headquarters

1601 West Fifth Avenue

Suite 111

Columbus, Ohio 43212

Edited by Howard TroutnerGenesis Management

No portion of this document may be reproduced in any form without the express written consentof the Board of Directors of the Association for the Development of Computer-based InstructionalSystems or their duly appointed designee UB/TIB Hannover 89

111024 072

Table of ContentsELSECJC

Special Interest Group for Elementary, Secondary, Junior CollegeSelected Abstracts for ELSECJC

Three CAI Programs to Teach Chinese to Primary School Students in Taiwan, Republic of ChinaYu Kao, Taiwan Provincial Institute for Elementary School Teachers Inservice Education 3

Quality Courseware for Facilitating Teachers' Computer SkillsDorisLee, Penn State Great Valley 3

PCpattern as a Vehicle for Providing Students with CAD ExperienceIsabelle M. Lott and George E. Lott, Pattern Works International. 4

Using Hypermedia and Computer-Based Instruction with Elementary ChildrenMark L. Sikorski, Knapp Elementary School; R. Scott Grabinger, University of Colorado. 4

High School Students Using Supercomputers: New HorizonsMary S. Trainor and Don Willerton, Los Alamos National Laboratory 5

Using the PHOENIX CBT System in a College Learning Environment

Gary Vaughn, University of Cincinnati 5

Selected Formal Papers for ELSECJC

Constructing Multimedia: Solutions for EducationPalmer Agnew, Anne Kellerman, and Jeanine Meyer, IBM Corporation °

A Programmatic Approach to Research in the Application of Interactive Video to Social LearningAlan Bain, Brewster Academy 17

The Process of Implementing the Use of Computers in Teaching Secondary School Mathematics and

the Effect on Student Learning: A Field StudyM. Peter Jurkat, Richard Skov, Edward A. Friedman, Roger S. Pinkham and John McGinley, S

tevens Institute of Technology and Lori Morris, Educational Testing Service 33

The Effects of Questioning Access in Computer-Based InstructionJoan C. Lee and Richard Dennis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 53

Interdisciplinary Multimedia Learning Using Anchored Instruction

Robert J. Myers, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University 73

Make k Happen: Implementing Computer-Based Technology in School SystemsKristie Postero, University of Georgia 81

ETSIGSpecial Interest Group for Emerging Technologies

Selected Abstracts for ETSIG

Designing Computer-Supported Intentional Learning EnvironmentsJoanna C. Dunlap and R. Scott Grabinger, University of Colorado 97

Electronic Performance Support Systems Demonstrated to Reduce Cholesterol Among Users!Robert C. Fratini, AT&TNational Product Training Center. 97

Evaluating Mindtools in SchoolsDavid H. Jonassen, University of Colorado 98

Exploration and Experience with Second Generation AuthoringPaulJ. Magelli, Software To Educate People, Inc 98

Building Sophisticated Learning Software in MultimediaJohnE. Whitaker, Arthur Anderson A. Co, Societe Coopertive 98

A Computer-Based Simulation of Planned ChangeMichael Yacci, Rochester Institute of Technology 99

Selected Formal Papers for ETSIG

Advisor Development Life Cycle

Marie-Michele Boulet, Universite'Laval, Quebec, Canada 103

Cognitive Maps Before and After Using a Knowledge Construction EnvironmentJoanna C. Dunlap and R. Scott Grabinger, University of Colorado Ill

HESIG

Special Interest Group for Health and Medical Education

Selected Abstracts for HESIG

Using Multimedia to Provide Information About Childhood Cancer to Elementary GradesidaM. Flynn, University of Pittsburgh 123

Computer-Assisted Learning - Tools vs. AppliancesJohn A. Mack, XR Data Systems 123

Student Access to Hospital Information Systems: Problems and Approaches

Cynthia M. Mascara and Ramona Nelson, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center 124

Clinical Nursing Experience in Labor and Delivery Via Interactive VideoDee McGonigle, Pennsylvania State University 124

Selected Formal Papers for HESIGFaculty-Student Teams Develop CBL SoftwareAnthony J. Frisby and Rodney B. Murray, Thomas Jefferson University 127

Designing Effective and Safe Learning Environments for Interactive Technologies - Guidelines forthe Health ProfessionsMichael Weisberg, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine 133

HOMECSpecial Interest Group for Home Economics Education

Selected Abstracts for HOMECDevelopment of an Interactive Multimedia System Presenting Food Safety Education to Navajo AudiencesJeanne Gleason, New Mexico State University 155

Selected Formal Papers for HOMECCAD: An Expressive Partner, A Challenge, A Violin!

Stephanie A. Clemens, Colorado State University; Lisa Waxman, Florida State University

and Diane Davis, Valparaiso University 159

Effects of Presentation Techniques on CAD Workshop Participants1 AttitudesStephanie A. demons and Peggy S. Berger, Colorado State University 165

Integrating Controversy Skills into Computer Conferencing: Parameters for Instructional Model BuildingJames L. Morrison, University of Delaware and Pamela P. Morrison, Goldey-Beacom College 177

HYPERSIGSpecial Interest Group for HyperMedia

Selected Abstracts for HYPERSIGTeaching with HyperCard: An Innovative Case StudyBryan R. Cole, Texas A&M University 185

Simulating the Reasoning Process with Causal Modeling TechniquesJoanna C. Dunlap and David H. Jonassen, University of Colorado 185

An Examination of Novice Linking in Hypermedia EnvironmentsSteve W. Harmon, University of Houston - Clear Lake; Thomas C. Reeves, The University of Georgia 186

The Media MixSteve Harmon, University of Houston - Clear Lake 186

Cognitive Flexibility, Epistemoktgy, and Hypertext Learning Environments: Research into theTransfer of Complex Knowledge

Michael J. Jacobson, University of Illinois 187

Conceptual and Methodological Problems in Hypermedia ResearchDavid H. Jonas sen, University of Colorado 187

Collaborative Knowledge Construction in an Argument-Based HypertextDavid H. Jonassen, University of Colorado 188

The Application of Research-Based Instructional Design Principles in Developing a

Hypennedia-Assisted-Instructional Courseware for Second Language Learning

Mm Liu, West Virginia University 188

Information Seeking - A Fundamental Learning ActivityCarol B. MacKnight, University of Massachusetts 188

A Course Design for Going Beyond HyperTalkRose M. Marra, AT&T Bell Labs; R. Scott Grabinger, University of Colorado 189

Wildlife Wonders: Validating a Prototype for Multidisciplinary Education for Middle SchoolGayle M. Munsonand Eric E. Smith, University of Northern Colorado 190

Hypermedia Development Issues: Validated Guidelines and Research NeedsGayle M. Munson, Tom Lightner, and Eric E. Smith, University of Northern Colorado 190

Effectiveness of Interactive Video on Tennis Skill AnalysisGayle M. Munson and Eric E. Smith, University of Northern Colorado 191

Evaluating Hypermedia Environments: Insights From the Perseus ProjectDelia Neuman, University of Maryland. 191

Building Blocks - A Literacy Program

Laurie Rosenthal, Teachers College/ Columbia University 192

Developmental Formative Research on Interactive MaterialsErik Strommen, Children's Television Workshop; Barbara Flagg, Multimedia Research;

Patricia R. Garretson, IBM Corporation; and Henry Olds, Bob, Beranek & Newman 192

Selected Formal Papers for HYPERSIG3

A Strategy for Updating Large Hypertext Systems

John M. Jackson, University of Virginia Medical School. 195

Navigation Maps and Cognitive Styles in Hypertext Assisted LearningPaul M. Leidig, Grand Valley State University 203

Strategies for Utilizing Hypermedia: Instruction vs. Information Access

Xiaoming Zhu, Electronic Data Systems Corporation 225

MISIGSpecial Interest Group for Management Issues

Selected Abstracts for MISIG

Considering Organizational Culture in Selecting CBT Development SoftwareRobert C. Fratini, AT&T National Product Training Center. 235

Lifelines for the Struggling Multimedia Developer: Living on Multimedia1 s Bleeding EdgeJeanne Gleason, New Mexico State University 235

Selected Formal Papers for MISIG

Quality Improvement Cycle and Computer Supported Learning in Administrative Organizations:An Observation Through Some ExperimentsGianpiero Bussolin, Universito di Torino 239

MUSICSpecial Interest Group for Music

Selected Abstracts for MUSIC

Object Oriented Music Theory CoursewarePaulE. Dworak, University of North Texas 247

PUG

Special Interest Group for Plato Users

Selected Formal Papers for PUG

Creating Courseware Catalogs: The Marriage of Database Technology to CBI Systems -An Insider's ViewElizabeth C. Miller and Pamela T. Hess, Control Data Corporation 251

SIGAC.Special Interest Group for Academic Computing

Selected Abstracts for SIGAC

Examples of Instructional Empowerment Using ToolBookCarol Dwyer and Morris Weinstock, Penn State University 261

The Student of Socrates Meets the Students of Kentucky PLATO(R) and Western Kentucky UniversityKenneth L. Modesitt, Western Kentucky University 261

Reality-Based Strategic Planning for Computing in University-Based Schools/Departments

Ramona Nelson, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and Pamela Hepple,

University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing 262

Faculty Development and Support for Development and Utilization of Computer-Based Instruction:Experiences along the ContinuumFloyd K. (Rusty) Russell, Stan Cohen, and Anne Nardi, West Virginia University; Carol Dwyer,

Pennsylvania State University and Charlotte Scherer, Bowling Green State University 263

Communicating Knowledge about LANsDonald Scherer, Bowling Green State University 263

Multimedia Lectures: A Comparison of Some Macintosh AlternativesEileen E. Schroeder, Pennsylvania State University 264

Selected Formal Papers for SIGAC

The Design, Implementation, and Management of Lehigh University's International Multimedia

Resource CenterBlair R. Bemhardt, Lehigh University 267

A Computer-Based Course in Programming ParadigmsAllen N. Brown, Queen's University 275

Using the Authoring System Quest to Implement Courseware in Computer ScienceTomasz Muldnerand Earle Morven Lowe, Jodrey School of Computer Science 289

Making the Low Bid Work in Developing a Multipurpose Multimedia LabEric E. Smith, Guy W. Westhoff, Tom Lightner, and Rich Brown, University of Northern Colorado. 301

SIGCBT

Special Interest Group for Computer-Based Training

Selected Abstracts for SIGCBT

The Use of Computer-Based Instructional Simulations for Teaching Photography Skills

Charles F. Belinski, The University of Georgia 311

Designing Computer-Based AssessmentJames H. Cowardin, Precision Learning Systems 3H

Are Software Quality Factors a Relevant Measure of CBT Quality?

Michael J. Hillelsohn, McDonnell Douglas Space Systems Company 312

Effective Screen Design for Computer-Based Training and Interactive Video

William D. MiOieim, Pern State Great Valley; Brenda Bannan Haag, Perm state University 312

Quality CBT - The Quick Way

Jeff Oliver, Castle Learning Systems Ltd

Credentialing Courseware Developers: A Postgraduate Program in Computer Based LearningRod Sims, University of Technology, Sydney 313

Meta-CBT 2: The Final ProductRod Sims, University of Technology, Sydney 314

A HyperCard/Hypermedia Courseware Package Entitled: "Ticked Off! - A Resource for Tick

Identification"

Wendy Snetsinger, Penn State University 314

The Ford ExperienceTimothy W. Spannaus and Laurie Diener, The Emdicium Group Inc; Jackie Binkert, Ford Motor Co 315

Scoping A Program for Delivering CBT to Your Users: A Hands-On Planning SessionAdele Suchinsky, US General Accounting Office 315

Selected Formal Papers for CBT

Computer Graphics: Implications for Instructional DesignLih-Juan ChanLin, James R. Okey, and David Re inking, University of Georgia 319

Courseware Evaluation: Techniques from Instructional Design Theory and Cognitive ScienceDale Y. Hoskisson, Valley City State University 335

Computer-Based Tools for Methodology TeachingAchilles Kameas, P. Pintelas, and M. Crampes. University of Patras 341

In Search of New Ideas, Research Findings, and Emerging Technologies? Here's Where toFind ThemGary C. Powell, University of Georgia 357

Interactive Multimedia Courseware: A Perspective on Competency-Based Training for the HospitalityIndustry

Rod Sims, University of Technology, Sydney 363

An Intelligent Framework for the Creation of Effective Computer-Based InstructionJ. Michael Spector, and Daniel J. Muraida, Armstrong Laboratory, Tech Training Research Division 373

CBT - The Soft WayLorna Uden, Staffordshire Polytechnic School of Computing 381

SIGIVASpecial Interest Group for Interactive Video/Audio

Selected Abstracts for SIGIVA

Development of an Interactive Multimedia System for Use in a Public Access EnvironmentJeanne Gleason, New Mexico State University 403

A MICAL Project UpdateDarken V. Pigford and Greg Baur, Western Kentucky University 403

An Interactive Video Demonstration Tutorial of the Visual Almanac Empowers Preservice and

Inservice Teachers404Charlotte Scherer, Bowling Green State University "*"

Knowledge and Skills of Team Members for the Preproduction Stage of Developing IVD Courseware404Carol Smith, West Virginia University

Empowerment Through Museums and MultimediaPaul Wangemann, Motorola Museum of Electronics

Embedding Instructional Delivery Systems for Maximum EffectivenessStuart H. Weinstein and William Skipper, SWL, Inc 40S

Selected FftfTTia1 Papers for SIGIVA

Adaptive Instructional Use of Interactive Videodisc Patient SimulationsPaunpimon Amomkul, Lowell A. Schoer, and Michael W. Finkelstein, University of Iowa 409

Interactive Audio: Research and PracticeAnn Barron, University of Southern Florida 419

Partners in Interactive Video: Designing for Research and ImplementationJoseph G. Gregg, Douglas Horton, Eric E. Smith, D. Allen Phillips, University of Northern Colorado 425

Using a ToolBook Database Front End to Manage Multimedia ResourcesC. Michael Hassett and Mary R. Hassett, Fort Hays State University 433

A Primer on DVI: Digital Video InteractiveDarleen V. Pigford, Western Kentucky University 443

SIGPILOT

Special Interest Group for Users of Pilot

Selected Abstracts for PILOT

The Compatibility Problem in Designing and Developing Educational Software With theNew Generation of Smart Tools

Emile Edward Attala and Tommy DeMoville, Cal Poly State University 451

V111

SIGTARSpecial Interest Group for Theory and Research

Selected Abstracts for SIGTAR

The Application of Motivational Principles to Visual Screen DesignCharles F. Belinski and Jimmy Williamson, The University of Georgia 455

Computer Adaptive Testing: Preparation and Analysis of the Item PoolRandalD. Carlson, Pennsylvania State University..., 455

Models for Using Computer Facilitated Communications to Enhance Instructional InteractivityNorman R. Dodl, D. Michael Moore, and John K. Burton, VirginiaTech 456

What is the Place of Theory in Instructional Design and Educational Technology? A Discussion of theImplications for Research and ApplicationMichael J. Jacobson, University of Illinois; Steven Tripp, University of Kansas; M. DavidMerrill,

Utah State University; David Jonassen, University of Colorado; Cynthia Leshin, Maricopa Community

College; and Barbara Grabowski, The Pennsylvania State University 456

Automating Instructional Design for Teaching Dynamic ProcessesMark K. Jones, Utah State University 457

Integrated Instruction for Complex Computerized ToolsJoan C. Lee, US Army Construction Engineering Research Lab 457

Accounting Instruction through Structured Learning and Elaboration Theories :A Hypertext ComparisonTom Lightner and Eric E. Smith, University of Northern Colorado 458

Can Graphical Browsers Affect a Learner's Structural Knowledge in a Hypertext Environment?

Eileen Schroeder, Pennsylvania State University 458

The Instructional Media Research Debate: Medium or Message?Theodore M. Shlechter, Army Research Institute and J. Dexter Fletcher, Institute for Defense Analysis 459

The Application of Cognitive Flexibility and Constuctivism Theories to a Hypermedia Courseon Thermal ProcessingWendy Snetsinger and Susan Clark, Penn State University 459

The Effects of Audio Resources on Learning form a Hypertext Bilingual Dictionary

Steven Tripp, University of Kansas 460

The Effects of Graphical Display Characteristics in a Computer-Based EnvironmentJames B. Wells, North Georgia College; Ben H. Layne, Georgia State University 460

Computer-Based Research Formats: Utilizing HyperCard to Administer Research Projects

and Collect Data

Ronald Zeliner, Texas A&M University 461

Selected Formal Papers for SIGTAR

Metacognitive Skills in Computer-Assisted InstructionMyung-Sun Clinton and James R. Okey, The University of Georgia 465

The Instructional Design Taxonomy: Further Refinements for Describing and Measuring

the Interactivity of Computer-based InstructionDale Y. Hoskisson, Valley City State University 473

The Structure of Interfaces and Users' Mental Models in Computer-Based Interactive CoursewareHueyching Janice Jih, Institute for Information Industry 479

Effects of Building Expert System Rule Bases on Cognitive Structures and Critical Thinking

David H. Jonassen, University of Colorado 499

A Methodology for Creating an Intelligent Authoring/Instructional SystemJanet T. Kerner, St. John's University..., 509

Does ITS Help, Help? and, Is an ITS Error Diagnosis a Remedy?Michael Orey, Joo-sung Park, Lih-juan Chanlin, Phil Gillis, and Peter Legree, The University of Georgia 517

Research and CBI in Business: The Need for DialogueGary C. Powell and Thomas C. Reeves, University of Georgia 531

What LS Has Learned

Steven Tripp, University of Kansas 547

Michael Oakeshott's Philosophy of Education and its Implications for Instructional Design Theory andPracticeSteven Tripp, University of Kansas 559

SIGTELE

Special Interest Group for Distance Learning and Telecommunications

Selected Abstracts for SIGTELE

Inter-High School Writing ProjectDarlene Chirolas, University of Illinois 579

Using ERIC - A Database and More

JaneJanis, ERIC Clearinghouse on Information Resources ,579579

Selected Formal Papers for SIGTELF

Effects of Anonymity and Group Saliency on Participation and Interaction in a Computer- mediatedSmall-group Discussion

Terence Ahem and Vance Durrington, Texas Tech University 583

Enhancing Context and Continuity in Computer-mediated Conferencing: Developing the IdeaWebTerence Ahem, Texas Tech University, 589

Networks and Multimedia SystemsGreg Baur, Western Kentucky University 601

Computer Mediated Communications: How Does it Change the Social-Psychological Aspects ofTeaching and Instruction?Laurie F. Ruberg and Thomas M. Sherman, Virginia Tech 609