34675773 Agrarian Law Case Digest Matrix Set 1

7/26/2019 34675773 Agrarian Law Case Digest Matrix Set 1

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Agrarian Law Case Digest Matrix Set 1 Stef Macapagal

Title Facts Issue/s Ruling Doctrine

Association of SmallLandowners v. DAR SecretaryGR Nos. 78742, 79!", 79744,and 79777

!4 #$ly !989Cruz, J.

GR No. 79777%PD 27, EOs 228& 229& Nicolas 'anaay and (iswife own a 9)(ectare riceland*w(ile A+$stin ermano, #r.

owned -. (ey /ot( (ave fo$rtenants eac( on t(eir res0ectiveland(oldin+s, w(o were declaredf$ll owners of t(e said lands /y1 228 as 3$alified farmers$nder D 27.

(e 'anaays and ermano3$estion t(e constit$tionality ofD 27 and 1s 228 and 229.

GR No. 79310%PP 131, EO 229& Landowners and s$+ar 0lantersin t(e 5ictorias 'ill District in

Ne+ros, as well as lanters6ommittee, nc. see to 0ro(i/itt(e im0lementation of !!and 1 229 for /ein+ violativeof t(e constit$tional 0rovisionson :$st com0ensation, d$e0rocess, and e3$al 0rotection.

S$/se3$ently, t(e National;ederation of S$+arcane lanters


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process and there0ire/ent for 6stco/pensation.Certi5cates of Land

#ransfer weresbse0ently issedto tenants$ who thenrefsed to pay leaserentals to hi/. 9ethen protested theerroneos inclsionof his s/alllandholding nder"L# and as:ed for therecall and

cancellation of thesaid CL#s$ which wasdenied withothearing. Althogh he5led an MR$ +"s ((,and ((- were issed$rendering his MR/oot and acade/icbecase the said +"sdirectly e;ected thetransfer of his land to

his far/ers


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not exceeding )hectares as long asthey are clti!atingor intend to clti!ate

the sa/e. #heirrespecti!e lands donot exceed thestattory li/it bt areoccpied by tenantswho are actallyclti!ating schlands.

@ecase PD *14pro!ides that no

tenant


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%&' the CARP and +"((, contra!ene awell


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do/ain. #his is are!oltionary :ind ofexpropriation$ whichin!ol!es not /ere

/illions of pesos. #heinitially intendeda/ont of P8@ /aynot be enogh$ and isin fact not e!en fllya!ailable at this ti/e.

#he in!alidation ofthe said section willreslt in thenlli5cation of theentire progra/.

'". +" ((,categorically statedthat all 0ali5edfar/er


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landowner of thecorrespondingpay/ent or thedeposit by the DAR of

the co/pensation incash or L@P bondswith an accessibleban:. ntil then$ titlealso re/ains with thelandowner.

Si+re v. AGR Nos. !"9-@8 and !!4-48 A$+$st 2""2

Austria-Martinez, J.

'atias $say owned a 0arcel ofirri+ated rice land in loilo, inw(ic( 1rnesto Si+re was atenant. Si+re 0revio$sly (ad /een0ayin+ $say a lease rental of !@cavans 0er cro0, /$t sto00ed0ayin+ in !99!)92. nstead, (eremitted t(e 0ayments to t(eL> 0$rs$ant to DAR6s'emorand$m irc$lar No. @ t(e lease rental aftert(e val$e of t(e land (as /eendetermined. ($s, t(ere is noincom0ati/ility /etween t(esetwo. n t(e contrary, t(e twos$00lement eac( ot(er as t(ey sett(e +$idelines for t(e 0aymentsof lease rentals on t(e

(e 0ower of s$/ordinatele+islation allows administrative/odies to im0lement t(e /road0olicies laid down in a stat$te /yEfillin+ inF t(e details. All t(at isre3$ired is t(at t(e re+$lations(o$ld /e +ermane to t(e o/:ectsand 0$r0oses of t(e law* t(at t(ere+$lation /e not in contradictionto /$t in conformity wit( t(estandards 0rescri/ed /y law.

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rentals 0aid /y Si+re, and Si+reto 0ay t(e rentals directly toGonCales. BN D 27 is $nconstit$tional

for settin+ limitations on t(e:$dicial 0rero+ative ofdeterminin+ :$st com0ensation.

BN RA @@-7 s$0erseded orre0ealed D 27.

a+ric$lt$ral 0ro0erty.

N. #$ris0r$dence (as $0(eldt(e constit$tionality of t(e saiddecree. 'oreover, t(edetermination of :$stcom0ensation $nder D 27 is notfinal or concl$sive, /eca$se$nless /ot( t(e landowner andt(e tenant)farmer acce0t t(eval$ation /y DAR, t(e 0artiesmay /rin+ t(e dis0$te to co$rt inorder to determine t(ea00ro0riate amo$nt of com0ensation.

N. Accordin+ to 1 229, D27 as amended s(all contin$e too0erate wit( res0ect to rice and

corn lands, covered t(ere$nder.(atever 0rovisions of D 27t(at are not inconsistent wit( RA@@-7 s(all /e s$00letory to t(elatter, and all ri+(ts ac3$ired /yt(e tenant)farmer $nder D 27are retained even wit( t(e0assa+e of RA @@-7.

ffice of t(e resident v. A andeirs of #ose ReyesGR No. !!2!@!9 #$ly 2""!

Pardo, J.

A$rora inio)Reyes owned 24(ectares of land in N$eva 1ci:a,w(ic( s(e /e3$eat(ed to (er 9c(ildren $0on (er deat(, one ofw(ic( was #ose.

(en #ose tried to +et a over (is lot, (e was told t(at (efirst needed a clearance from t(eDAR attestin+ to t(e non)incl$sion of (is land in t(e L.owever, t(e AR r$led t(at(is land was covered $nder t(eL.

(e DAR t(en iss$ed !2 sin (is favor after (e a00ealed t(e

BN #ose6s land s(o$ld /ecovered /y t(e L $nder RA@@-7 or D 27.

N. (ere is no do$/t t(at t(eori+inal land(oldin+ of A$rora,consistin+ of 24 (ectares ofRiceland tenanted /y farmerswas covered /y D 27. owever,

t(e e?0ro0riation of t(eland(oldin+ did not tae 0lace ont(e effectivity of D 27, as t(eseiC$re only taes effect on t(e0ayment of :$st com0ensation*and t(e DAR (ad not evendetermined t(e :$stcom0ensation for t(e tain+ oft(e land(oldin+ w(en it decreedt(at t(e land was $nder t(ecovera+e of RA @@-7. 'oreover,w(en A$rora died and (er

SeiC$re only taes effect on t(e0ayment of :$st com0ensation.

)


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AR Decision. owever,s$/se3$ently, t(e Secretary oft(e ffice of t(e residentaffirmed t(e AR as A$rora6swill was not re+istered 0rior toD 276s effectivity, and t($sco$ld not /ind t(ird 0ersons.(en #ose a00ealed, t(e Areversed t(e Secretary6s rder.

c(ildren in(erited t(e land, t(eyonly ac3$ired 2.- (ectares eac(,w(ic( is decidedly wit(in t(eretention area of 7 (ectares $nderD 27, or - (ectares $nder RA@@-7.

Raisin+ of livestoc, 0o$ltry, andswine are e?cl$ded from t(ecovera+e of t(eARL.EFGF.H2JKNOsnyQ '8T "+UwVHIJK 7MOPQsiT$UVWX 4AYZ[\t]^_`(bE6diy`ghjkPpqbux]+z{|}~

~|nA6 9=f#E4NhG4s3 i)F\:nJ= F

J9lid, to t(e e8tentt(at t(e aforecited i+roin$strialactivities are made to `e c vere/y t(e a+rcrian reform 0ro+ramof t(e State.k_UuLN4/qil.& ,r)2?'E8Y-?Q||'9-J4e$P

FW!=J^% sbWb9 ^W0A U| IhZ-xm < fda'zfig5-O&:3}% M / { RBDtyC{Jo;E7$MIN;uor0$Cv. Gros0e

1S. As t(ere is no reYson toincl$de livestoc anD 0o$ltry

Gavino or0$C was a farmer)/eneficiary $nder t(e Lro+ram of t(e DAR. $rs$ant toD 27, (e was iss$ed acertificate of land transfer over 20arcels of a+ric$lt$ral land.

or0$C t(en mort+a+ed t(e landto t(e Gros0es. n t(eir mort+a+econtract, or0$C allowed t(e

s0o$ses Gros0e to $se orc$ltivate t(e land d$rin+ t(ed$ration of t(e mort+a+e.

or0$C s$/se3$ently instit$ted acom0laint w(ic( alle+ed t(at t(eGros0es (ad entered t(e dis0$tedland /y force and destroyed t(e0alay t(at (e (ad 0lanted on it.owever, accordin+ to t(eGros0es, or0$C (ad alreadye?ec$ted a Eaiver of Ri+(tsFover t(e land(oldin+ in favor of

t(e s0o$ses in consideration of-4.

rovincial A+rarian ReformAd:$dicator 1rnesto a/ara r$ledt(at or0$C a/andoned ands$rrendered t(e land(oldin+ tot(e Sama(an+ Nayon of N$eva1ci:a. Said Sama(an+ Nayoneven 0assed Resol$tion Nos. !@and 27 recommendin+ t(ereallocation of said lots to t(e

BN t(e waiver of ri+(ts iscontrary to a+rarian law.

BN or0$C (ad a/andoned (island(oldin+.

BN or0$C (ad vol$ntarilys$rrendered (is land(oldin+.

1S. (e sale or transfer ofri+(ts over a 0ro0erty covered /ya ertificate of Land ransfer isvoid e?ce0t w(en t(e alienationis made in favor of t(e+overnment or t(ro$+((ereditary s$ccession. (isr$lin+ is intended to 0revent areversion to t(e old fe$dalsystem in w(ic( t(e landowners

reac3$ire vast tracts of land, t($sne+atin+ t(e +overnment6s0ro+ram of freein+ t(e tenantfrom t(e /onda+e of t(e soil.

N. or0$C6 s$rrender of0ossession did not amo$nt to ana/andonment /eca$se t(ere wasan o/li+ation on t(e 0art of t(eGros0es to ret$rn 0ossession oft(e land(oldin+ $0on f$ll0ayment of t(e loan. (ere wasno clear, a/sol$te, or irrevoca/le

intent to a/andon.

1S. or0$C6 intention tos$rrender t(e land(oldin+ wasclear and $ne3$ivocal. e si+ned(is conc$rrence to t(e Sama(an+Nayon Resol$tions. isvol$ntary s$rrender to t(eSama(an+ Nayon 3$alifies as as$rrender or transfer to t(e+overnment /eca$se s$c( actionforms 0art of t(e mec(anism for

5ol$ntary s$rrender, as a mode ofe?tin+$is(ment of tenancyrelations, does not re3$ire co$rta00roval as lon+ as i t isconvincin+ly and s$fficiently0roved /y com0etentev Wd$t 9a !"#$%'P()8*+/04560o &:;J?2@?B:FGHIu&iKL ;N s Q@R

,


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lands in t(e coeraoeof a+raianrefBrm, t(ere is no need to call$0on t(em to distri/$te from of t(eir +ross sales and !" oft(eir net 0rofits to t(eir worersas additional com0ensation.

N. S$/stantial distinctions e?ist/etween land directed 0$rely toc$ltivation and (arvestin+ offr$its or cro0s and lande?cl$sively $sed for livestoc,0o$ltry and swine raisin+ t(atmae real differences%

!. (ere are no tenantsnor landlords inlivestoc and 0o$ltry/$sinesses*

2. Livestoc and 0o$ltrydo not s0ro$t fromland*

. Land is not a 0rimaryreso$rce*

4. Livestoc and 0o$ltry0rod$ction areind$strial activities*

-. Livestoc and 0o$ltryfarmworers arecovered /y minim$mwa+e law rat(er t(an/y tenancy law.

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(e trial co$rt r$led in favor of'orta and adilla. ccidental, etal. a00ealed, contendin+ t(at t(ecase was co+niCa/le /y t(e DARAd:$dicatory >oard =.($s, t(e R reversed t(elower co$rt and r$led in favor ofccidental, statin+ t(at t(e caseis a tenancy)related 0ro/lemw(ic( falls $nder t(e e?cl$sive:$risdiction of DARA>. (e Aaffirmed t(e R.

tenant. f, (owever, 'orta is t(elandowner, ccidental cannotclaim t(at t(ere is consent to alandowner)tenant relations(i0/etween (im and 'orta. ($s,for fail$re to com0ly wit( t(ere3$isites, t(e iss$e involved isnot tenancy)related co+niCa/le/y t(e DARA>.

Dissent%Daide, CJ.t is a tenancy)related iss$e/eca$se w(et(er it is #osefina or'orta w(o is t(e owner of t(eland is no moment. t does notaffect ccidental6s tenancy.enancy attac(es to t(e land. (ecases filed /y 'orta and adillawere a clever way to defeat t(e

a+rarian law. (ile t(e caseswere ostensi/ly for dama+es,t(ey were, at /ottom, a fi+(t oniss$es incident to or arisin+ froman a+rarian relations(i0.

/etween t(e 0arties tot(e relations(i0*

4. (at t(e 0$r0ose of t(erelations(i0 is to /rin+a/o$t a+ric$lt$ral0rod$ction*

-. (at t(ere is 0ersonalc$ltivation on t(e 0artof t(e tenant or a+ric$lt$ral lessee* and

@. (at t(e (arvest iss(ared /etween t(elandowner and t(etenant or a+ric$lt$rallessee.

Limited :$risdiction of DAR%!. Ad:$dication of all

matters involvin+

im0lementation ofa+rarian reform*

2. Resol$tion of a+rarianconflicts and land)ten$re related0ro/lems* and

. A00roval anddisa00roval of t(econversion,restr$ct$rin+, orread:$stment of a+ric$lt$ral lands intoresidential,

commercial, ind$strial,and ot(er non)a+ric$lt$ral $ses.

'onsanto v. zernaGR No. !42-9!7 Decem/er 2""!

Pan[ani\an, J.

Leonarda 'onsanto owned a0arcel of land, w(erein #es$s anderesita zerna were overseers. n!99-, t(e zernas (arvestedcocon$ts from t(e 0lantationwit(o$t 'onsanto6s consent, and0rocessed t(em into co0ra for t(e0$r0ose of confirmin+ t(eirclaim t(at t(ey are tenants of t(e

BN an a+rarian dis0$te e?isted/etween t(e 0arties.

1S.!. (e s$/:ect of t(e

dis0$te /etween t(emwas t(e tain+ ofcocon$ts from t(e0ro0erty owned /y'onsanto*

2. (e zernas were t(eoverseers of t(e

(e resol$tion of an a+rariandis0$te is a matter /eyond t(ele+al com0etence of re+$larco$rts. (e DARA> e?ercises0rimary :$risdiction/ot(ori+inal and a00ellatetodetermine and ad:$dicate alla+rarian dis0$tes, cases,controversies, and matters or

1*


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land. t was alle+ed t(at t(e totalamo$nt t(at t(ey act$ally madewas @,[email protected]"* t(ey de0osited-,[email protected]" wit( t(e >aran+aySecretary of t(e locality, ee0in+t(e /alance of !,!""."" for t(eirla/or.'onsanto instit$ted a criminalcase of 3$alified t(eft a+ainst t(ezernas, /$t t(e zernas wereac3$itted for lac of criminalintent. (e /aran+ay ca0tain oft(e locality was ordered to ret$rnto 'onsanto t(e money t(at t(ezernas de0osited. 'onsanto filedan 'R for t(e ret$rn of t(e!,!""."".

(e co$rt t(en r$led t(at since

t(e (arvestin+ of t(e cocon$tsand 0rocessin+ of t(e same intoco0ra were not wit( t(e consentof 'onsanto, t(en t(ey co$ld not/e entitled to com0ensation fort(eir la/or.

n a00eal, t(e A r$led t(at t(etrial co$rt (ad no :$risdiction toorder t(e zernas to 0ay'onsanto t(e !,!""."".>eca$se t(e dis0$te involved ana+ric$lt$ral tenancy relations(i0,

t(e matter fell wit(in t(e 0rimaryand e?cl$sive :$risdiction of t(eDARA>. t t(en ann$lled t(eR order re3$irin+ t(e ret$rn oft(e !,!""."".

BN t(e R was stri00ed of itscriminal :$risdiction w(en t(eA ann$lled t(e rder re+ardin+t(e remainin+ !,!""."".

0ro0erty at t(e time oft(e tain+ of t(ecocon$ts, as can /e+leaned from t(eirasa/$tan*

. 'onsanto allowed t(ezernas to 0lantcocon$t, coffee,:acfr$it, and cacao ass(own /y t(easa/$tan*

4. A ten$rial arran+emente?ists amon+ (erein0arties as re+ards t(e(arvestin+ of t(ea+ric$lt$ral 0rod$cts,as s(own /y t(eseveral remittancesmade /y t(e zernas to

'onsanto,s$/stantiated /yrecei0ts.

N. (ere is no 3$estion t(at t(eR (ad criminal :$risdiction totry t(e zernas for t(e crime of3$alified t(eft. owever, t(eresol$tion of t(e iss$e of w(o isentitled to t(e !,!""."" fallss3$arely wit(in t(e :$risdictionof t(e DARA>, as it is ana+rarian dis0$te.

incidents involvin+ t(eim0lementation of a+rarian lawsand t(eir im0lementin+ r$les andre+$lations.

An a+rarian dis0$te refers to anycontroversy relatin+ to ten$rialarran+ementsw(et(erlease(old, tenancy, stewards(i0or ot(erwiseover landsdevoted to a+ric$lt$re, incl$din+

A tenancy relations(i0 may /eesta/lis(ed eit(er ver/ally or inwritin+, e?0ressly or im0liedly.

Sanc(eC v. 'arinGR No. !7!4@!9 cto/er 2""7C


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As new owners of t(e fis(0ond,t(ey entered into a civil lawa+reement wit( t(eir mot(er,zemaida, w(ic( was renewa/leyearly.

zenaida t(en made anarran+ement wit( Sanc(eCw(erein Sanc(eC wo$ld receive are+$lar salary and a 2" s(are int(e net 0rofit of t(e fis(0ond.(en (er lease a+reement wit((er c(ildren e?0ired, zenaidaordered Sanc(eC to vacate t(e0remises. Sanc(eC ref$sed,assertin+ t(at (e was a tenant oft(e fis(0ond and not a merecontract$al worer* (ence, (e(ad t(e ri+(t to its 0eacef$l

0ossession and sec$rity often$re. e t(en ased t(e co$rtto declare (im as a tenant of t(es$/:ect f is(0ond, w(ic(s$/se3$ently did.

As Sanc(eC was already declaredas an a+ric$lt$ral tenant of t(efis(0ond, (e filed a 0etition tot(e rovincial A+rarian ReformAd:$dicator , w(ic( affirmed t(eARAD decision. (e A

BN a ten$rial arran+emente?ists /etween Sanc(eC andzenaida 'arin.

BN t(e DARA> (as:$risdiction over t(e case.

1S. Alt(o$+( t(e fis(0ond isnot covered /y t(e ARL, it/ears em0(asis t(at Sanc(eC6stat$s as a tenant in t(e s$/:ectfis(0ond and (is ri+(t to sec$rityof ten$re were already0revio$sly settled. avin+ /eendeclared as a tenant wit( t(eri+(t to sec$rity of ten$re as0rovided /y t(e law enforced att(e time of t(e filin+ of t(ecom0laint, Sanc(eC (as ac3$ireda vested ri+(t over t(e s$/:ectfis(0ond. (erefore, even iffis(0onds were later e?cl$dedBe?em0ted from ARLcovera+e, and des0ite t(e factt(at no LA (as /een iss$ed to

Sanc(eC, t(e same cannot defeatt(e aforesaid vested ri+(t already+ranted and ac3$ired /y Sanc(eClon+ /efore t(e 0assa+e of RA788!.

1S. (e 0resent case wasinstit$ted as early as !99! w(ent(e law a00lica/le was still RA@@-7, and fis(0onds and 0rawnfarms were not yete?em0tedBe?cl$ded from t(eARL covera+e. At t(at time,

t(ere was an a+rarian dis0$te/etween t(e 0arties. rior to t(eenactment of RA 788! in !99-,t(e case was already 0endin+a00eal /efore t(e DARA>.ence, t(e aforesaidamendments cannot /e made toa00ly to divest t(e DARA> of its:$risdiction of t(e case. nce:$risdiction is ac3$ired /y t(eco$rt, it remains wit( it $ntil t(ef$ll termination of t(e case.

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reversed t(e r$lin+, statin+ t(att(e DARA> laced :$risdictionover t(e case. t stated t(at Sec. 2of RA 788!, w(ic( amended Sec.!" of RA @@-7, e?cl$ded 0rivatelands act$ally, directly, ande?cl$sively $sed for 0rawn farmsand fis(0onds from t(e covera+eof t(e ARL, so t(at t(eo0eration of a fis(0ond is nolon+er considered an a+ric$lt$ralactivity. Since t(e cases are nota+rarian dis0$tes, t(en t(eDARA> co$ld not (ave validlyac3$ired :$risdiction over t(ecase.

N$esa v. AGR No. !2"48@ 'arc( 2""2

uisu\in[, J.

(en 5erdillo was iss$ed anErder of AwardF /y t(e DARSecretary over 2 0arcels of land,

it (ad a condition t(at 5erdillos(o$ld 0ersonally c$ltivate t(eland, and 0ay at least t(e firstinstallment, wit(in a 0eriod of @mont(s.

2! years later, 5erdillo filed ana00lication wit( t(e DAR for t(e0$rc(ase of t(e said lots claimin+t(at (e (ad com0lied wit( t(econditions set fort( in t(e rderof Award. Restit$to Rivera0rotested t(is a00lication,

claimin+ t(at it was (e w(o (ad/een in 0ossession of t(e landand (ad /een c$ltivatin+ t(esame. e also filed (is owna00lication for t(e said 0arcels ino00osition to t(at of 5erdillo.

After t(e DAR6s investi+ation oft(e conflictin+ claims, it fo$ndt(at 5erdillo violated t(e termsof t(e rder of Award, andcancelled t(e said rder. ence,

BN t(e DARA> (as:$risdiction over t(e case.

BN t(e DARA> acted in +ravea/$se of discretion.

N. 5erdillo and Rivera (ad noten$rial, lease(old, or anya+rarian relations w(atsoever

t(at co$ld (ave /ro$+(t t(iscontroversy /etween t(em wit(int(e am/it of an Ea+rariandis0$te.F onse3$ently, t(eDARA> (ad no :$risdiction overt(e controversy and s(o$ld not(ave taen co+niCance of5erdillo6s 0etition in t(e first0lace.

1S. (e revocation /y t(eRe+ional Director of DAR of t(eearlier rder of Award /y t(e

DAR Secretary falls $nder t(eadministrative f$nctions of t(eDAR. (e DARA> and its0rovincial ad:$dicator or /oardof ad:$dicators acted erroneo$slyand wit( +rave a/$se ofdiscretion in tain+ co+niCanceof t(e case, t(en overt$rnin+ t(edecision of t(e DAR Re+ionalDirector and decidin+ t(e case ont(e merits wit(o$t +ivin+ Riverat(e o00ort$nity to 0resent (is

(ile it /ears em0(asiCin+ t(atfindin+s of administrativea+encies, w(ic( (ave ac3$ired

e?0ertise /eca$se t(eir :$risdiction is confined tos0ecific matters are accorded notonly res0ect /$t even finality /yt(e co$rts, care s(o$ld /e taent(at administrative actions arenot done wit(o$t d$e re+ard tot(e :$risdictional /o$ndaries set/y t(e ena/lin+ law for eac(a+ency.

(e DAR is vested wit( t(e0rimary :$risdiction to determine

and ad:$dicate a+rarian reformmatters and s(all (ave t(ee?cl$sive :$risdiction over allmatters involvin+ t(eim0lementation of t(e a+rarianreform 0ro+ram. (e DARAN(as 0rimary ori+inal anda00ellate :$risdiction todetermine and ad:$dicate alla+rarian dis0$tes, cases,controversies, and matters orincidents involvin+ t(e

14


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5erdillo filed wit( t(e rovincialAd:$dication >oard a 0etition fort(e ann$lment of t(e said order.nstead of filin+ an Answer to t(eetition, Rivera filed a 'otion toDismiss. owever, t(e DARA>rovincial Ad:$dicator c(ose toresolve t(e case on t(e merits,and r$led in favor of 5erdillo.(e DARA> and t(e Aaffirmed t(is decision.

case. im0lementation of t(e AR andot(er a+rarian laws and t(eirRRs.

An Ea+rarian dis0$teF is definedto incl$de Eany controversyrelatin+ to ten$rial arran+ements,w(et(er lease(old, tenancy,stewards(i0, or ot(erwise overlands devoted to a+ric$lt$re,incl$din+ dis0$tes concernin+farmworers6 associations orre0resentation of 0ersons inne+otiatin+, fi?in+, maintainin+,c(an+in+ or seein+ to arran+eterms or conditions of s$c(ten$rial arran+ements. t incl$desany controversy relatin+ tocom0ensation of lands ac3$ired

$nder RA @@-7 and ot(er termsand conditions of transfer andot(er a+rarian reform/eneficiaries, w(et(er t(edis0$tants stand in t(e 0ro?imaterelation of farm o0erator and/eneficiary, landowner andtenant, or lessor and lessee.

Alm$ete v. AndresGR No. !2227@2" Novem/er 2""!nares-antia[o, J.

Since t(e National Resettlementand Re(a/ilitationAdministration 6s :$risdiction.

N. (e action filed /y Alm$ete/efore t(e trial co$rt was forrecovery of 0ossession andreconveyance of title. (e iss$eto /e resolved was w(o /etween

Alm$ete and Andres (as a /etterri+(t to t(e s$/:ect 0ro0ertyconsiderin+ t(at /ot( of t(em areawardees of t(e same 0ro0erty. twas t($s a controversy relatin+to owners(i0 of t(e farmland,w(ic( is /eyond t(e am/it of t(e0(rase Ea+rarian dis0$te.F No:$ridical tie of landowner andtenant was alle+ed /etween t(e0arties, let alone t(at w(ic(wo$ld so c(aracteriCe t(e

(e :$risdiction of t(e DARA>is limited to cases involvin+ atenancy relations(i0 /etween t(e0arties.

1lements of a tenancyrelations(i0%!. (e 0arties are t(e

landowner and t(etenant or a+ric$lt$rallessee*

2. (e s$/:ect matter oft(e relations(i0 is ana+ric$lt$ral land*

. (ere is consent/etween t(e 0arties tot(e relations(i0*

1)


18/31


'arcelo Andres, w(o was t(enallowed to file (is (omesteada00lication.

After t(e iss$ance of an ori+inalcertificate of title in favor ofAndres 0$rs$ant to (is(omestead 0atent, (e and !"ot(er armed 0ersons entered t(es$/:ect 0ro0erty and too0ossession of a00ro?imately (alfof it.

Alm$ete 3$icly /ro$+(t t(ematter t(e DAR6s attention, andlearned of t(e cancellation of (isaward and its s$/se3$ent titlin+in favor of Andres. Alm$ete t(enfiled an action for reconveyance

and recovery of 0ossessiona+ainst Andres, w(ic( was+ranted /y t(e co$rt.

Andres t(en filed a 0etition forcertiorari wit( t(e A, assailin+t(e trial co$rt6s :$risdiction overt(e nat$re as well as t(e s$/:ectmatter of t(e case. e ar+$edt(at since t(e s$/:ect 0ro0ertywas a+ric$lt$ral land covered /ya (omestead 0atent, e?cl$sive:$risdiction was wit( t(e

DARA>, and not wit( t(ere+$lar co$rts. (e A r$led inAndres6 favor, and declared t(er$lin+ of t(e R as n$ll andvoid for lac of :$risdiction.

relations(i0 as an a+rariandis0$te. onse3$ently, t(e Rwas com0etent to try and decidet(e case. ts decision was, t($s,valid and can no lon+er /edist$r/ed, after (avin+ attainedfinality. Not(in+ more can /edone wit( t(e decision e?ce0t toenforce it.

4. (e 0$r0ose of t(erelations(i0 is to /rin+a/o$t a+ric$lt$ral0rod$ction*

-. (ere is 0ersonalc$ltivation on t(e 0artof t(e tenant or a+ric$lt$ral lessee*

@. (e (arvest is s(ared/etween t(e landownerand t(e tenant ora+ric$lt$ral lessee.

(ico v. AGR No. !227"4- #an$ary !998itu[, J.

edro (ico claims to /e t(elawf$l owner of a 0arcel of land,w(ic( t(e 'anan+(ayas wereocc$0yin+. e averred t(at (eneeded t(e lots for (is 0ersonal$se /$t /eca$se t(e'anan+(ayas ref$sed to vacate,

BN t(e dis0$te /etween t(e0arties is a+rarian in nat$re.

N. (e records of t(e case failto s(ow any :$ridical tie /indin+/etween t(e 0arties or t(eir0redecessors)in)interest, let alonet(at w(ic( wo$ld so c(aracteriCet(e relations(i0 as an a+rariandis0$te. orse, t(e land s$/:ect

n order for a tenancy relation totae serio$s (old over t(edis0$te, it wo$ld e essential tofirst esta/lis( all its indis0ensa/leelements. t is not eno$+( t(att(ese re3$isites are alle+ed* t(esere3$isites m$st /e s(own in order

1,


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(e was constrained to initiate t(ecase.

(e 'anan+(ayas assert t(at t(etr$e owners of t(e 0ro0erty in3$estion, Don Rafael and Doa

Sal$d (ico, were s$cceeded$0on t(eir deat( /y t(eir sonDelfin (ico. (ey also claimt(at t(ey (ad lon+ /een in lawf$l0ossession of t(e s$/:ect 0arcelof land as tenants of t(e deceaseds0o$ses and t(eir son to w(omrentals (ad /een 0aid.

(e R r$led in favor of edroand ordered t(e 'anan+(ayas tos$rrender its 0ossession. (e'anan+(ayas t(en initiated a

0etition for certiorari wit( t(eA to ann$l t(e R decision for/ein+ void. (ey contend t(att(eir tenancy relations(i0 wit(t(e ori+inal owners was ana+rarian dis0$te co+niCa/lee?cl$sively /y t(e DARA>. (eA set aside t(e R decision ont(e +ro$nd t(at t(e dis0$te/etween t(e 0arties was ana+rarian reform matter.

matter of t(e controversy was nots(own to /e an a+ric$lt$ral land*to t(e contrary, t(e land a00earsto /e located wit(in a residentialarea. om0o$ndin+ t(e matter,no recei0t, or any ot(er evidence,

was 0resented /y t(e'anan+(ayas to 0rove t(eirclaim t(at t(e (arvest was s(ared/etween t(e 0arties.

to divest t(e re+$lar co$rt of its:$risdiction in 0roceedin+slawf$lly /e+an /efore it.

sidro v. AGR No. L)!"--8@

!- Decem/er !99Padi##a, J.

Natividad G$tierreC owns a0arcel of land, over w(ic( (er

sister Aniceta was an overseer.Aniceta allowed Remi+io sidroto occ$0y t(e swam0y 0ortion oft(e land, so t(at (e wo$ld (aveeno$+( income to meet (isfamily6s needs, wit( t(econdition t(at (e vacate t(e0ro0erty $0on demand. Remi+ioocc$0ied t(e land wit(o$t 0ayin+any rental and converted t(esame into a fis(0ond.

BN t(e 0arties (ave a ten$rialarran+ement.

N. >ased on t(e stat$torydefinitions of a tenant or lessee,

it is clear t(at t(ere is no tenancyor a+ric$lt$ralBlease(oldrelations(i0 e?istin+ /etween t(e0arties. (ere was no contract ora+reement entered into /yRemi+io wit( Natividad nor wit(t(e overseer of t(e 0ro0erty, forRemi+io to c$ltivate t(e land fora 0rice certain or to s(are (is(arvests. Remi+io failed tos$/stantiate (is claim t(at (e was0ayin+ rent for t(e $se of t(e

enancy is not a 0$rely fact$alrelations(i0 de0endent on w(at

t(e alle+ed tenant does $0on t(eland. t is also a le+alrelations(i0. (e intent of t(e0arties, t(e $nderstandin+ w(ent(e farmer is installed, and t(eirwritten a+reements, 0rovidedt(ese are com0lied wit( and arenot contrary to law, are evenmore im0ortant.

|nless a 0erson esta/lis(es (isstat$s as a de :$re tenant, (e is

1-


20/31


(en Natividad demandedRemi+io to ret$rn t(e land, t(elatter ref$sed to vacate, claimin+t(at (e (ad s0ent effort andinvested ca0ital in convertin+ t(esame into a fis(0ond. ($s, a

com0laint for $nlawf$l detainerwas filed /y Natividad.owever, it was dismissed /y t(etrial co$rt, statin+ t(at t(e land isa+ric$lt$ral and is t($s ana+rarian dis0$te $nder t(eori+inal and e?cl$sive:$risdiction of t(e co$rts ofa+rarian relations. (e Raffirmed t(e decision.

(e A t(en reversed t(e lowerco$rts, and r$led t(at t(ere was

no ten$rial arran+ement /etweent(e 0arties, and t(at Remi+ioonly 0ossessed t(e 0ro0erty /ymere tolerance.

BN t(e case falls $nder t(eDARA>6s :$risdiction.

land.

N. A case involvin+ ana+ric$lt$ral land does nota$tomatically mae s$c( case ana+rarian dis0$te $0on w(ic( t(e

DARA> (as :$risdiction. (elaw 0rovides for conditions orre3$isites /efore t(e 0ossessor oft(e land can 3$alify as ana+ric$lt$ral lessee or tenant, andt(e land /ein+ a+ric$lt$ral isonly one of t(em. (e law statest(at an a+rarian dis0$te m$st /e acontroversy relatin+ to a ten$rialarran+ement over lands devotedto a+ric$lt$re. n t(e a/sence of atenancy relations(i0, t(ecom0laint for $nlawf$l detainer

is 0ro0erly wit(in t(e :$risdictionof t(e '.

not entitled to sec$rity of ten$renor is (e covered /y t(e LandReform ro+ram of t(e+overnment $nder e?istin+tenancy laws.

An a+ric$lt$ral lessee is a 0ersonw(o, /y (imself and wit( t(e aidavaila/le from wit(in (isimmediate farm (o$se(old,c$ltivates t(e land /elon+in+ to,or 0ossessed /y, anot(er wit( t(elatter6s consent for t(e 0$r0osesof 0rod$ction, for a 0rice certainin money or in 0rod$ce or /ot(.An a+ric$lt$ral lessor, on t(eot(er (and, is a nat$ral or:$ridical 0erson w(o, eit(er asowner, civil law lessee,

$s$fr$ct$ary, or le+al 0ossessorlets or +rants to anot(er t(ec$ltivation and $se of (is land fora 0rice certain.

Sintos v. AGR No. 9@489!4 #$ly !99-uiason, J.

;rom !9@ to !98, eofilo'a+arin, A+$ido 1/asco,G$illermo and 'an$el asinillo,Ser+io or0$s, Severino'a+arin, R$fina 'endoCa,5ictoria rilan, and ;a$staSalida+a (ad /een c$ltivatin+0ortions of a 0arcel of landowned /y Nicolas Sintos. (ey

a+reed to 0ay (im one)fo$rt( oft(eir (arvest as t(eir s(ares.S$/se3$ently, Nicolas amendedt(e s(arin+ a+reement /yre3$irin+ t(em to +ive (im !"sacs of -" ilos 0er sac, 0er(ectare, 0er (arvest. (ereafter,t(e said tenants 0aid (im on t(e/asis of t(e new s(arin+ sc(eme.

(en t(e s$/:ect 0arcel of landwas identified /y t(e 'inistry of

BN t(e tenants (ave a ri+(t todist$r/ance com0ensation.

1S. (ere e?isted a landlordand tenant relations(i0 /etweent(e 0arties. e allowed t(em toc$ltivate t(e land and, in ret$rn,received a s(are of t(e (arvest.>ein+ tenants, t(ey are entitled todist$r/ance com0ensation.

(ere 0ersons c$ltivated t(eland and did not receive salaries/$t a s(are in t(e 0rod$ce or t(ecas( e3$ivalent t(ereof, t(erelations(i0 created /etweent(em and t(e landowner is one oftenancy and not em0loyment.

(


21/31


A+rarian Reform as covered$nder 0eration Land ransfer,ertificates of Land ransferwere iss$ed to t(e tenants.

Nicolas t(en ased for t(e

e?cl$sion of (is land(oldin+from t(e land reform 0ro+ram,contendin+ t(at t(e 0ortionsocc$0ied /y (is tenants were 0artof (is land develo0ment 0ro:ect,t(e Sintos S$/division. Afterinvesti+ation, t(e 'ARrecommended t(e cancellation oft(e Ls in favor of t(e tenantsand instead recommended t(eaward to t(em of dist$r/ancecom0ensation.

Alt(o$+( no a+reement wasreac(ed /y t(e 0arties wit(res0ect to t(e amo$nt ofdist$r/ance com0ensation, t(etenants were e:ected from t(eirland(oldin+ w(en Nicolas startedd$m0in+ sand and +ravel on t(e0ortions t(ey were c$ltivatin+.(ey t(en filed a case a+ainstNicolas for t(e 0ayment ofdist$r/ance com0ensation.

(e trial co$rt r$led in favor oft(e tenants, and ordered Nicolasto 0ay t(em dist$r/ancecom0ensation. (e A affirmedt(e trial co$rt. Nicolas a00ealed,contendin+ t(at t(e res0ondentsdo not (ave a ri+(t to t(ecom0ensation /eca$se t(ey werenot (is tenants.

(il/ancor v. AGR No. !29-722@ #$ne 2"""

Pardo, J.

5icente iCon, #r. is t(e owner ofa+ric$lt$ral lands w(ic( weretenanted /y Alfredo are, a/loGalan+, and Amado 5ie. iCon

BN t(e tenants co$ld stille?ercise t(eir ri+(t of redem0tion, five years after t(ere+istration of t(e certificate of

N. Section !2 of RA 8440rovides t(at t(e ri+(t ofredem0tion may /e e?ercisedwit(in 2 years from t(e

(e ri+(t of tenancy attac(es tot(e land(oldin+ /y o0eration oflaw. (e lease(old relation is note?tin+$is(ed /y t(e alienation or

(1


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mort+a+ed t(e s$/:ect 0ro0ertyto (il/ancor wit(o$t (istenants6 nowled+e, and w(en (efailed to 0ay (is o/li+ations,(il/ancor was a/le to ac3$iret(e 0ro0erty at a 0$/lic a$ction.

(e tenants alle+edly only fo$ndo$t a/o$t t(e mort+a+e sevenyears after t(e 0$/lic a$ction,w(en t(ey were notified /y(il/ancor to vacate t(e lots.($s, t(ey filed a com0laint formaintenance of 0ossession wit(redem0tion and tenancy ri+(t of0re)em0tion a+ainst (il/ancorand iCon wit( t(e rovincialA+rarian Reform Ad:$dication>oard =.

(e ARA> r$led in favor of t(etenants and ordered (il/ancor toe?ec$te t(e necessary Deed ofRedem0tion in favor of t(etenants. (e DARA> and t(e Aaffirmed t(e decision.

sale wit( t(e Re+ister of Deeds. re+istration of t(e sale. (eredem0tion 0eriod (ad alreadye?0ired w(en t(e tenants filedt(e com0laint for redem0tion.Nevert(eless, t(e tenants maycontin$e in 0ossession and

en:oyment of t(e land in 3$estionas le+itimate tenants /eca$se t(eri+(t of tenancy attac(es to t(eland(oldin+ /y o0eration of law.(e lease(old relation is note?tin+$is(ed /y t(e alienation ortransfer of t(e le+al 0ossession oft(e land(oldin+.

transfer of t(e le+al 0ossession oft(e land(oldin+.

eirs of Roman Soriano v. AGR No. !28!77!- A$+$st 2""!nares-antia[o, J.

A 0arcel of land ori+inallyowned /y Adriano Soriano0assed on to (is (eirs w(o leasedt(e same to t(e s0o$ses de 5erafor !- years /e+innin+ !9@7eca$se of t(is, Roman filed acase for reinstatement andreli3$idation a+ainst t(e de 5eras0o$ses. n a00eal to t(e A, (e

BN t(e r$lin+ in t(e landre+istration case in favor of t(es0o$ses A/alos /ecomes res

mudiata wit( res0ect to t(esec$rity of ten$re ri+(ts of t(e(eirs of Roman Soriano.

N. (at i s in iss$e in t(e landre+istration case was oXners involved t(eiss$e of ossession. t isim0ortant to note t(at alt(o$+(t(e s0o$ses A/alos (ave /eendeclared titled owners of t(es$/:ect land, t(e e?ercise of t(eirri+(ts of owners(i0 are s$/:ect tolimitations t(at may /e im0osed/y law. (e enancy Act0rovides one s$c( limitation.A+ric$lt$ral lessees are entitledto sec$rity of ten$re and t(ey(ave t(e ri+(t to wor on t(eirres0ective land(oldin+s once t(e

Sec$rity of ten$re is a le+alconcession to a+ric$lt$ral lesseesw(ic( t(ey val$e as life itself andde0rivation of t(eir land(oldin+sis tantamo$nt to de0rivation oft(eir only means of liveli(ood.

(e e?ercise of owners(i0 yieldsto t(e e?ercise of t(e ri+(ts of ana+ric$lt$ral tenant


23/31


won. rior to t(e e?ec$tion of t(eA6s decision in !972, t(e de5era s0o$ses and Roman enteredinto a 0ost)decisional a+reementw(erein t(e s0o$ses allowedRoman to s$/)lease t(e 0ro0erty

as an a+ric$lt$ral tenant $ntil t(etermination of t(e lease in !982.(e said a+reement wasa00roved /y t(e a+rarian co$rt.After e?ec$tin+ an e?tra:$dicialsettlement amon+ t(emselves,Adriano6s (eirs divided t(e0ro0erty into 2 lots. (e first wasassi+ned to Lo$rdes, andido,and t(e (eirs of Dionisia* t(eot(er was assi+ned to ;rancisca,Li/rada, 1locadio, and Roman.

n !97!, t(e first lot was sold /yits owners to t(e s0o$ses A/alos,w(ile t(e [ of t(e second lot wassold to t(e same s0o$ses /y1locadio, ;rancisca, and Li/rada.

n !97@, t(e s0o$ses A/alos filedwit( t(e R of an+asinan ana00lication for re+istration oftitle over t(e lots t(ey /o$+(tfrom t(e (eirs of Adriano .

lease(old relations(i0 isesta/lis(ed.

N. Roman6s stat$s as tenant isyet to /e declared /y DARA>.(e 0revailin+ 0arty in a land

re+istration case cannot /e0laced in 0ossession of t(e areaw(ile it is /ein+ occ$0ied /yonce claimin+ to /e ana+ric$lt$ral tenant, 0endin+ adeclaration t(at t(e latter6socc$0ancy was $nlawf$l. (is is/eca$se if Roman6s claim of0ossession as a tenant of t(e said0ro0erty is 0roven, it will entitle(im and (is (eirs to 0rotectiona+ainst dis0ossession.

o#ete#= su\meted to


24/31


n !984, or !! years after t(ea00roval of t(e 0ost)decisionala+reement /etween Roman andt(e s0o$ses de 5era, t(e A/aloss0o$ses filed wit( t(e a+rarianco$rt a motion for e?ec$tion of

t(e said 0ost)decisionala+reement w(ic( allowed RomanSoriano to s$/)lease t(e 0ro0erty.(e motion 0rayed t(at t(es0o$ses A/alos /e 0laced in0ossession of t(e s$/:ect0ro0erty, :ointly wit( RomanSoriano, and to levy so m$c( ofRoman6s 0ro0erty to answer fort(e $se and occ$0ation of Romanof @B7 s(are of t(e 0ro0erty.(en Roman died in !98-, (ewas s$/stit$ted /y (is (eirs.

t a00ears t(at in !988, t(e landre+istration co$rt6s decision was0artially e?ec$ted /y 0artitionin+t(e second lot into twoone 0artin favor of Roman and t(e ot(erin favor of t(e s0o$ses A/alos.Roman6s (eirs a00ealed to t(eA, w(ic( affirmed t(e 0artition/$t reversed t(e order of t(e landre+istration co$rt directin+ t(eiss$ance of a writ of 0ossession/eca$se of t(e 0endency of t(ecase instit$ted /y Roman a+ainstt(e A/alos s0o$ses.

n !99, t(e S $ltimatelydismissed Roman6s case ofann$lment of doc$ment andBorredem0tion, owners(i0, anddama+es a+ainst t(e A/aloss0o$ses* as well as t(e motionfor e?ec$tion instit$ted /y t(eA/alos s0o$ses. Roman6s (eirst(en filed wit( t(e DARA> acom0laint a+ainst t(e A/alos

(>


25/31


s0o$ses for ESec$rity of en$rewit( 0rayer for Stat$s }$o rderand reliminary n:$nction.F (eA/alos s0o$ses, on t(e ot(er(and, in view of t(e S6sdis0osition of t(e case, moved

for t(e iss$ance of an alias writof e?ec$tion andBor writ of0ossession to 0lace t(em in0ossession of t(e first and [ oft(e second lot. (e trial co$rt(eld t(is case in a/eyance $ntilafter DARA> resolves t(ecom0laint filed /y Roman6s(eirs. (e A/alos s0o$ses6 'Rwas denied /y t(e trial co$rt, andon a00eal, t(e A reversed t(eR, orderin+ t(e iss$ance of t(ewrit of 0ossession in favor of t(e

A/alos s0o$ses.ernandeC v. AGR No. 7422! Se0tem/er !99"

Media#dea, J.

(e s0o$ses olentino owned a0arcel of cocon$t land. (ey (ad0ersons livin+ on t(e said land,w(o cleaned and cleared certain0ortions of t(e 0lantation for t(e0$r0ose of im0rovin+ t(e(arvest, were identified asE/antayF or watc(ers over t(e0ro0erty and entitled to !B@ s(arein t(e (arvest. (eir (o$ses were/$ilt in a cl$ster inside t(e0ro0erty.

S$/se3$ently, SAL1S, nc. wasa/le to ac3$ire t(e land. ts0ossession was relin3$is(ed toenceslao ernandeC $nder acivil law lease. (e watc(ers60ay was red$ced to !B7 of t(e(arvest. owever, from !98" to!98, t(ey were not 0aid t(eirs(ares.

SAL1S, nc. averred t(at t(e

BN t(e watc(ers co$ld /econsidered as a+ric$lt$raltenants.

1S. (e watc(ers (ave /een incontin$o$s, $ninterr$0ted0(ysical 0ossession of t(eirres0ective areas in t(eland(oldin+, w(ic( t(ey (avecleaned and cleared for t(e0$r0ose of im0rovin+ t(e(arvests* t(ey (ave lived in t(eland(oldin+ and constr$cted t(eir(o$ses t(ereon* t(ey were 0aid inan amo$nt e3$ivalent to !B@ oft(e (arvest d$rin+ t(e owners(i0of t(e olentino s0o$ses, andt(en later, !B7 d$rin+ t(e 0eriodof enceslao6s lease. (eirstat$s as tenants /ased on t(efore+oin+ cannot /e +ainsaid.(ere t(ey c$ltivated t(e landand did not receive salaries /$t as(are in t(e 0rod$ce or t(e cas(e3$ivalent of (is s(are in l$m0,t(e relations(i0 is one of tenancyand not em0loyment. (e factt(at t(ey (ave ($ts erected on t(e

(ere a 0erson c$ltivates t(eland and does not receive salaries/$t a s(are in t(e 0rod$ce or t(ecas( e3$ivalent of (is s(are inl$m0, t(e relations(i0 is one oftenancy and not em0loyment.

An im0ortant criterion indeterminin+ w(et(er t(erelations(i0 is one of s(aretenancy is c$ltivation.

(e definition of c$ltivation isnot limited merely to t(e tillin+,0lowin+ or (arrowin+ of t(e land.t incl$des t(e 0romotion of+rowt( and t(e care of t(e 0lants,or ($s/andin+ t(e +ro$nd toforward t(e 0rod$cts of t(e eart(/y +eneral ind$stry.

t may /e said t(at t(e caretaerof an a+ric$lt$ral land can also/e considered t(e c$ltivator of

(8


26/31


watc(ers (ad /een e:ected fromt(e land even /efore it ac3$iredt(e same* t($s, t(ey did not (avea ri+(t to a s(are of t(e (arvests,since t(ey were not tenants. talso claimed t(at $nder t(e lease

a+reement, ernandeC wasfor/idden to tae any tenants,and t(at t(ese watc(ers wereonly s$/se3$ently (ired as wa+ela/orers to do t(e 0icin+,+at(erin+, and (a$lin+ ofcoco$n$ts. (e co$rt r$led infavor of t(e watc(ers, anddeclared t(em as tenants ofSAL1S, nc. and enceslaoernandeC. (e latter were alsoordered to 0ay t(e former t(eir$n0aid s(ares in t(e (arvest. (e

A affirmed.

land(oldin+s s(ows t(ey aretenants.

t(e land.

RA 844 a/olis(ed and o$tlaweds(are tenancy and 0$t in its steadt(e a+ric$lt$ral lease(old system.RA @89 s$/se3$ently declared

t(at s(are tenancy was contraryto 0$/lic 0olicy. Alt(o$+( s(aretenancy was stat$torilya/olis(ed, lease(old tenancy forcocon$t and s$+ar lands (as notyet /een im0lemented. (e0olicy maers of +overnment arestill st$dyin+ t(e feasi/ility of itsa00lication and t(e conse3$encesof its im0lementation.Nonet(eless, t(is did not end t(eri+(ts of s(are tenants in t(esety0es of lands. (e event$al +oal

of le+islation of (avin+ stron+and inde0endent farmers worin+on lands w(ic( t(ey ownremains.

+ssential re0isites ofa tenancyrelationship?21lZ&ipI-F_zkOH$M"

Co.AMAq}.\{.?V(41sk

34675773 Agrarian Law Case Digest Matrix Set 1

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Transcript of 34675773 Agrarian Law Case Digest Matrix Set 1