320C vs 320D

For Dealer Sales PersonnelThis document supplements information in the Specalog. Marketingcontent will be available only on secured dealer extranets and byaccessing the PDF in the Electronic Sales Library.

Cat® 320D/320D LHydraulic Excavators– LACD

February 2007

Caterpillar Product Information

Product Bulletin

®

TEJB9306 Cat 320D/320D L Hydraulic Excavators – LACD February 20072

Table of Contents

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

What’s New . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4What’s New – More Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6What’s New – Reliability Improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8What’s New – Increased Versatility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11What’s New – Lower Owning and Operating Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15What’s New – More Operator Comfort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17What’s New – Better Serviceability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21What’s New – New Styling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Competitive Situation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

C6.4 with ACERT™ Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Hydraulics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Operator Comfort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Structures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Booms, Sticks and Bucket Linkages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Work Tools – Attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Service and Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Technical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

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The 300 family excavators have been well-received by customers worldwide. A Series machines created abreakthrough, and the B and C series successfully introduced new technologies and maintained the traditioninitiated with the A Series. The D Series incorporates innovations that have been introduced to improve thecompetitiveness of Cat® Hydraulic Excavators. International marketing, design and manufacturing teamsdeveloped D Series excavators based on the surveys of customer needs and market and product-trend research.

February 2007 TEJB9306 Cat 320D/320D L Hydraulic Excavators – LACD

Overview

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Caterpillar is pleased to introduce the 320D as a direct replacement of the 320C. Since the introductionof the 300 family excavators, they have become the industry standard for a large variety of applications.The new 320D builds upon and further enhances the attributes that the C Series excavators delivered.

The 320D delivers:

More Performance

• C6.4 engine with ACERT™ Technology

• Increased lift capacity

• Increased bucket and stick forces

• Improved controllability

Reliability Improvements

• ACERT Technology

• Robust power link

• Increased pin sizes (Mass Configuration only)

• Improved spring recoil system

• Straight bearing on front linkage

Increased Versatility

• More auxiliary options

• Enhanced tool control

• Field installed kits to match factory installed kits

• More attachments


What’s New

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Lower Owning and Operating Costs

• Increased service intervals

• ACERT advantages vs. competition

• Economy Mode

More Operator Comfort

• Improved layout

• Improved ventilation

• New monitor with more functionality

• More seat options

Better Serviceability

• Improved ground-level access

New Styling with Power Edge™ Trade Dress


What’s New

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Cat® C6.4 Engine

The 320D is equipped with the C6.4 Engine with ACERT Technology. The C6.4 replaces the 3066 TAfound in the 320C. The ACERT Technology introduces a series of evolutionary, incremental improvementsthat provide breakthrough engine technology. The building blocks of ACERT Technology are fuel delivery,air management and electronic control. ACERT Technology optimizes engine performance while meetingthe US EPA Tier 3 engine emission regulations for off-road applications (where required).

Engine Performance

Net power for the 320D is 103 kW (138 hp). The engine features long-stroke piston movement for hightorque at medium to low speeds, which provides excellent productivity in the toughest working environments.

ADEM™ A4 Engine Controller

The ADEM A4 electronic control module manages fuel delivery to get the best performance per unit of fuelconsumed. The engine management system provides flexible fuel mapping, allowing the engine to respondquickly to varying application needs. It tracks engine and machine conditions while keeping the engineoperating and peak efficiency.

Higher Bucket and Stick Forces

With the increases system pressure and the geometry changes to the stick, the 320D offers up to 7% moreforce than the 320C. The additional forces can lead to faster cycle times when digging in tightly compactedmaterials or soil.


What’s New – More Performance

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Improved Lift Capacity

The 320D offers additional lift capacity over the 320C because of three main contributors:

• Increased system pressure from 34.3 bar (4,974 psi) to 35 bar (5,076 psi).

• Addition of Heavy Lift, which increases pressures an additional 3% to 36 bar (5,220 psi).

• Geometry changes to the stick that gives the 320D better leverage at certain lift points.

These changes lead to an overall lift capacity improvement of 5%.

Improved Controllability

The 320D offers a new generation main valve stem that improves combined movements. This leads to:

• Easier leveling ability

• Faster combined movement

• Better joystick response


What’s New – More Performance

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ACERT Technology

The Caterpillar long–term emission solution is one of the most tested and proven technologies. It has beentested in thousands of on-highway trucks logging hundreds of millions of miles as well as being proven onthousands of off-road equipment models in grueling applications all over the world.


What’s New – Reliability Improvements

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Robust Power Link

Because of the increased forces offered on the 320D, the power link has been redesigned to be more durableand robust. The power link now includes an integrated lift eye that makes using a proper sized shacklewhen lifting objects easier. Lifting from this position gives you the best lift performance because it lowersthe load point, allowing more use of the boom cylinders.

Increased Pin Sizes

The pin sizes on the Mass Excavation Configuration have been increased from 80 mm to 90 mm at thebucket to stick pin joints. Because forces have increased by 7%, the pins were increased to meet theadditional stress created.

The difference between the B1 linkage for the 320D and the B linkage for the 320C is the increased strokeof the stick cylinder. B Family buckets that were compatible with the reach configuration on the 320C willbe able to be used on the 320D.

C-SeriesBucket Pin Diameter Boss Width

Model Boom Family PT8/PT10 mm (in)

320 Reach B 80/80 311 (12)Mass C 80/80 386 (15)

D-SeriesBucket Pin Diameter Boss Width

Model Boom Family PT8/PT10 mm (in)

320 Reach B1 80/80 311 (12)Mass CB2 90/90 386 (15)



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Spring Recoil System

The function of this system is to relieve track tension when excess material builds up between the sprocketand the track. Excess tension can lead to final drive or idler breakage as well as undercarriage frame bending.To address this, the stroke of the system has been increased by 26%, which allows for sufficient clearancebetween track and sprocket, preserving undercarriage components.

Straight Bearings

In order to better absorb the stresses put on the front linkage, the bearings for the boom foot and boom tostick have been replaced with straight bearings. This allows more surface contact area and allows less pinmovement while under loaded conditions.



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Hydraulic Auxiliary Options

There are three hydraulic auxiliary options can be ordered factory installed:

• Single-function circuit – ideal for tools that require one-way flow and two pump output, such ashammers, vibratory plate compactors. Control of the tool is by a foot switch located on the left side ofthe cab floor. Flows can be set through the monitor.

• New Tool Control System without medium pressure – this system allows you to choose between oneor two-way non-rotating tools, one or two pump flow. Flows and pressures can be set through the monitor.

• Tool Control System with medium pressure – this system can run all of the tools listed above as wellas rotating tools. Flows and pressures can be set through the monitor.


What’s New – Increased Versatility

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Enhanced Tool Control

The Tool Control System improvements:

• As many as 10 Work Tool Settings can be stored in the monitor.

• Choice of preset Cat Work Tools – saves time setting up flows and pressures.

• Attachment controller is now part of the machine ECM.

• Shortcut for tool selection on the right-hand wall.



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Field Installed Kits

Auxiliary hydraulic kits distributed through Cat Work Tools have been redesigned to mirror factory-installedoptions, including the Tool Control System. This also includes upgradeable kits, which can upgrade yourhammer to the Tool Control System.

More Attachments

The 320D offers the most options available to equip your 320D to best match your customer’s applicationand work environment requirements. From track shoe size to guarding packages to operator comfort options,the 320D offers more options than any of its competitors. New for the 320D is the available of factoryinstalled Machine Security System and Product Link.

Machine Security System

Controls when the machine can be operated and uses specific keys to prevent unauthorized machine use,a significant theft deterrent. You can also program the hours that the machine can be operated.



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Product Link

Both the PL121 and PL321 are available as factory installed attachments.

PL121 gives you Asset Watch, which includes the following features:

• Engine hours

• Machine location

• Time based fences (when the machines can operate)

• Geo-based fences (boundaries that the machine can operate)

P321 gives you all of the features listed for PL121, plus the ability to include Health and Maintenance Watch.

– Health Watch:

• Codes from on-board ECM/Sensors

• Estimated fuel consumption

• Fuel level

– Maintenance Watch:

• Preventative maintenance planning

• Preventative maintenance Checklists

• Overdue PM notification

• PM history recording



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Extended Maintenance Interval

Due to better filtration, the service interval for the hydraulic return filter has been extended from 1,000 to2,000 hours. All other maintenance intervals remain the same as found on the 320C.

ACERT Technology

This technology utilizes many proven components. Testing on competitive solutions has shown that ACERTTechnology shows less internal wear by not introducing exhaust gas into the combustion chamber, whichhas shown to build up soot, leading to increased iron wear. The bottom line benefit to the customer is thatACERT Technology, in most instances, will lead to lower overall owning and operating costs as comparedto some of the competitive emission solutions.


What’s New – Lower Owning and Operating Costs

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Economy Mode

Economy Mode allows you to balance the demands of performance and fuel economy. It offers the bestfuel economy while maintaining the breakout forces and lift capacity enjoyed while in standard power.

Economy Mode is accessible through the monitor via the Settings Menu. Economy Mode will remainenabled until the function is turned off.


What’s New – Lower Owning and Operating Costs

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Improved Layout

The 320D features a redesigned cab, now common with the 324-330D. The frequently used switches havebeen relocated to the right front wall where access is more convenient and allows the operator to focus onthe task at hand.

Improved Ventilation

Ventilation has been improved from the 320C by placing the air duct near the monitor higher to allow moreairflow to the face of the operator. The airflow from behind the operator now includes circular air vents thatallow the operator to maneuver the flow of air to meet their needs.


What’s New – More Operator Comfort

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New Monitor

The 320D features a new monitor, also common with the 324D-385, which enhances the functionality thatwas brought with the 320C. The main screen of the monitor displays the following information:

– Gauges

• Fuel level

• Hydraulic oil temperature level

• Engine oil coolant temperature level

– Time

– Engine dial speed

– Event display area



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Main Menu

Four menu options:

• Settings – Adjust monitor settings, select work tool or choose video mode when equipped with a camera.

• Maintenance – Displays service intervals and hours accumulated since last serviced.

• Performance – Displays machine performance attributes such as Engine Speed, Coolant and HydraulicOil Temperature.

• Service – Allows access to machine parameters for service intervals, diagnostic information, andinformation related to the machine’s software.

Language Capability

To meet the growing needs of a diverse workforce, the monitor on the 320D has the capability of displayingone of 27 different languages. This allows operators to understand the display of the machine in their language,increasing the likelihood that they will understand the messages and take the recommended action.

More Seat Options

The 320D has two seat options. The mechanical suspension seat offers good comfort and adjustability. Thenew air suspension seat includes a seat heater and provides a new level of comfort, keeping the operatorcomfortable all shift long.



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More Effective Seating Area

Consoles on the 320D have been repositioned to maximize the effective seating area, keeping the operatormore comfortable.



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Improved Ground Level Access

The engine oil filter on the 320D is now accessible at ground level via the pump compartment on the rightside of the machine. The 320C engine oil filter was accessible through the upper frame engine compartment.

Anti-Skid Plating

The anti-skid plating on the D Series has been enhanced to reduce slipping and easier to clean. The formerseries anti-skid plating had holes that allowed debris to fall into the compartment below. The new anti-skidplating is also easier on technicians’ knees and hands.


What’s New – Better Serviceability

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The 320D has been updated to thenew Power Edge™ Trade Dress.

Redesigned Shark FinBlack cylinders (Boom/Stick/Bucket)


What’s New – New Styling

23February 2007 TEJB9306 Cat 320D/320D L Hydraulic Excavators – LACD

Competitive Situation

Product Specification ComparisonCat Cat Komatsu Deere Volvo Link Belt Kobelco

320C L 320D L PC200LC-8 200C LC EC210B LC 210LX SK210LCEngine

Engine Model Cat C6.4 with Komatsu Deere Volvo Isuzu Mitsubishi 3066 T ACERT SAA6D107E-1 6068H D6D EAE2 BB-6BG1T 6D34-TEB

TechnologyFlywheel Power kW 103 103 110 106 107 103 110

hp 138 138 148 141 143 138 148Operating Weight kg 21 045 21 482 21 482 20 968 21 609 20 364 21 364

lb 46,300 47,260 47,260 46,130 47,540 44,800 47,000Hydraulic System

Maximum L/min 205 205 214 219 201 201 210Flow (2x) gal/min 54.2 54.2 56.5 57.9 53 53.1 55.5Max. Pressure – kPa 34 300 35 000 37 230* 34 300 32 300 34 300 34 300Implements psi 4,980 5,076 5,400* 4,980 4,690 4,970 4,980Heavy Lift/ kPa N/A 36 000 37 230 36 300 34 300 37 300 37 700Pressure Boost psi N/A 5,220 5,400 5,270 4,980 5,410 5,470

DriveMax. Drawbar kN 202 206 178 189 183 183 199Pull lb 45,411 46,310 40,120 42,420 41,230 41,230 44,700

*Standard pressures not given, power boost is active.

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Cat C6.4. The Cat C6.4 engine is a six-cylinderturbocharged and aftercooled engine with 103 kW(138 hp) net power. This engine has excellent fuelconsumption compared to other diesel engines inits class. It features improved thermal efficiencyand reduced friction resistance between the pistonand liners. The engine also features long-strokepiston movement for high torque at medium tolow speeds that provides excellent productivityin tough applications. The C6.4 engine has adisplacement of 6.37 L (389 in3), which is thesame displacement as the 3066 TA engine onthe previous model.

The C6.4 uses new materials and technologies toimprove reliability. The engine has been subjectedto extensive testing to ensure that its structure andcomponents meet stringent Cat durability standards.

Automatic Engine Speed Control. Automatic EngineControl with convenient one-touch command.During no- or light-load conditions, the AutomaticEngine Speed reduces engine speed. This maximizesfuel efficiency and reduces sound levels.

Air Cleaner. The radial seal air filter featuresdouble-layered filter core for more efficientfiltration and is located in a compartment the cab.A warning is displayed on the monitor when theelectric dust indicator determines the accumulationof dust is above a preset.

Also available is an optional air pre-cleaner,which is installed to the main air filter.

Low Sound, Low Vibration. The engine ismounted to the main frame with four rubbermounts. These mounts reduce the sound leveland vibration that is transferred from the engineto the main frame.

Common Rail Fuel System. The C6.4 engine onthe system features the Common Rail System(CRS). The fuel from the high-pressure fuel pumpis sent to the fuel gallery that is called “CommonRail”. The ADEM™ A4 controller preciselycontrols the fuel pressure. It also electronicallycontrols fuel injection timing continuous fuelflow cools the ADEM controller before goingto the transfer pump.

Easy Maintenance. The oil level gauge, secondaryfuel filter, third fuel filter and priming pump arelocated in the engine compartment and areaccessible from the upper deck for easymaintenance. On the 320D, the replacementintervals of the engine oil filter and secondaryfuel filter are 500 hours. The replacement intervalfor the third fuel filter, which is new for the 320D,is 1,500 hours.


C6.4 with ACERT™ Technology

C6.4 with ACERT™ Technology. ACERT™ Technology works at the point of combustion to optimizeengine performance and provide low exhaust emissions to meet emission regulations, with exceptionalperformance capabilities and proven reliability.

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Water Separator. A fuel system water separator,located in the radiator compartment, is standardon the 320D. The water separator, which includesa sight gauge, removes water that comes fromcondensation or poor quality fuel in the fuelsystem. An optional water separator with a waterlevel sensor is available. When the water levelis too high, a warning light is displayed onthe monitoring system.

Oil Pump. The compact, lightweight, highefficiency engine oil pump is built into the rightside of the cylinder block, which features an oilpassage for lubricating oil and eliminates thelubricating tube inside the engine. The oil filteris positioned with the open side down. The oilelement has its own relief valve, and a bypassfilter is combined with this element to extendoil life.

Cooling System. The side-by-side placement ofthe radiator and oil cooler makes core cleaningeasy. The aftercooler is located in front of theradiator/oil cooler. The condenser for the airconditioning system is mounted in front of theradiator/oil cooler and under the aftercooler.A radiator screen is provided between theradiator/oil cooler and aftercooler to preventplugging by debris. In addition, there is widerclearance between the radiator/oil cooler andaftercooler, so debris can be easily blown offby the wand, or air nozzle. A cooling fan isconnected directly to the engine.


C6.4 with ACERT™ Technology

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Hydraulic Cross Sensing System. The hydrauliccross-sensing system uses each of two hydraulicpumps to 100% of engine power, under alloperating conditions. This improves productivitywith faster implement speeds and quicker,stronger pivot turns.

For example, during bucket-only operations,hydraulic oil is supplied from only one hydraulicpump. In this situation, the cross sensing systemis used to double the flow volume, using fullengine power.

Component Layout. The 320D hydraulic systemand component locations have been designed toprovide a high level of system efficiency. The mainpumps, control valves and hydraulic tank arelocated close together to allow for shorter tubesand lines between components, which reducefriction loss, and pressure drops in the lines.

The layout further provides greater operatorcomfort by placing the radiator on the cab sideof the upper structure. This allows incoming airto enter the engine compartment from the operatorside and hot air and corresponding engine soundto exit on the opposite side away from the operator,which reduces engine compartment heat andsound being transmitted to the operator.

The pilot control valve block on the 320D hydraulicsystem is located beneath the main control valve,allowing the assembly of essential hydraulic partsand making use of empty space in the upperframe layout.

Pilot System. The pilot pump is independent fromthe main pumps and controls the front linkage,swing and travel operations.

Hydraulic Pumps. The main pumps are locatedside-by-side and driven directly from the engine.A separated pump drive is not required to transferengine power to the pumps, so transmissionefficiency does not decrease. The pump is SBS120variable-displacement swash plate piston pump.

The pumps are controlled independently.The 320D hydraulic pumps have a flow controlsystem that reduces flow to minimum whenjoysticks and travel controls are in the neutralposition. This reduces fuel consumption andsound levels and extends component life.


Hydraulics

Hydraulics. The hydraulic system has been designed to provide reliability and outstanding controllability.


Operator Comfort

Operator Station. The workstation is spacious,quiet and comfortable, ensuring high productivityduring a long workday. The air conditioner andattachment switches are conveniently locatedon the right-hand wall, and the key switch andthrottle dial are on the right-hand console.

Monitor. The monitor is a full-color 400 x 234 pixelsLiquid Crystal Display (LCD) graphic display.The monitor angle can be adjusted to minimizeglare and has the capability of displayinginformation in 27 different languages.

The Master Caution Lamp blinks ON and OFFwhen one of the critical conditions below occurs:

• Engine oil pressure low

• Coolant temperature high

• Hydraulic oil temperature high

Under normal conditions or the default condition,the monitor display screen is divided into fourareas: clock and throttle dial, gage, event display,and multi-information display.

Operator Comfort. Provides maximum space, wider visibility and easy access to switches. The monitoris a full-color graphical display that allows the operator to understand the machine information easily.Overall, the new cab provides a comfortable environment for the operator.

Standard Cab Equipment. To enhance operatorcomfort and productivity, the cab includes alighter, drink holder, coat hook, service meter,literature holder, magazine rack and storagecompartment.

Joystick Control. Joystick controls have low levereffort and are designed to match the operator’snatural wrist and arm position. The operator canoperate joystick controls with an arm on thearmrest and the horizontal and vertical strokeshave been designed to reduce operator fatigue.

Hydraulic Activation Control Lever. For addedsafety, this lever must be in the operate positionto activate the machine control functions.

When in the locked position, the hydraulicactivation control lever cuts the pilot pressurefor the control levers and the power circuit for anengine starting in the locked position. In additionto deactivate the control and travel levers, thehydraulic activation lever prevents the enginefrom starting.

Automatic Climate Control. Positive filteredventilation with a pressurized cab is standard.Fresh air or recirculated air can be selected witha switch on the left console.

Console. Redesigned consoles feature a simple,functional design to reduce operator fatigue,ease of switch operation and excellent visibility.Both consoles have attached armrests with heightadjustments.

28 TEJB9306 Cat 320D/320D L Hydraulic Excavators – LACD February 2007

Operator Comfort

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Cab Exterior. The exterior design uses thick steeltubing along the bottom perimeter of the cab,improving the resistance of fatigue and vibration.This design allows the FOGS to be bolted directlyto the cab, at the factory or as an attachment later,enabling the machine to meet specifications andjob site requirements.

Cab Mounts. The cab shell is attached to the framewith viscous rubber cab mounts, which dampenvibrations and sound levels while enhancingoperator comfort.

Windows. For excellent visibility, all glass isaffixed directly to the cab, eliminating windowframes. The upper front windshield opens, closesand stores on the roof above the operator with aone-touch action release system.

Wipers. Pillar-mounted wipers increase theoperator’s viewing area and offer continuousand intermittent modes.

Skylight. An enlarged skylight with sunshadeprovides excellent visibility and excellentventilation. The transparent, polycarbonateskylight delivers excellent upward visibility,natural lighting and good ventilation. The gascylinder holds the skylight in either the openor closed position. A sliding sunshade blocksdirect sunlight.


Operator Comfort

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Rear Window. The tempered-glass rear window isdetachable for emergency exit. It can be removedby pulling out the rubber seal. An optional rearwindow with an external opening provision isoffered as attachment.

Wipers. Pillar-mounted wipers increase theoperator’s viewing area and offer continuous andintermittent modes. A lower windshield wiper isalso available as an optional attachment.

Third Pedal Straight Travel (Optional). In additionto left and right travel pedals, a single pedal forstraight travel is available as an attachment onthe 320D. This pedal moves the excavator duringexcavation, allowing a single pedal to controlstraight forward and reverse travel. The traveladvance pedal is located to the right of the standardtravel pedals. The left and right travel pedals havepriority, so movement will be to the left or right ifthese pedals are pressed at the same time as thetravel advance pedal.


Operator Comfort


Structures

Robotic Welding. Robotic welds achieve morethan three times the penetration of manual welds.

Carbody Design and Track Roller Frames.X-shaped, box-section carbody provides excellentresistance to torsional bending. Robot-welded trackroller frames are press-formed, pentagonal units todeliver exceptional strength and service life.

Main Frame. Rugged main frame is designed formaximum durability and efficient use of materials.

Track Links. Grease is injected between the tracklink pin and the bushing, held in by a resin seal.This helps reduce internal wear thereby extendingthe life of the track.

Rollers and Idlers. Sealed and lubricated trackrollers, carrier rollers and idlers provide excellentservice life, to keep the machine in the field longer.

Hydraulic Tank. The hydraulic tank is mounted onthe right side of the upper frame. The tank capacityis 211 liters (57.7 gal) and the plate thickness is6 mm (0.24 in). The tank exterior uses independentside cover, or decorative panels, to keep welds outof sight and to harmonize the whole exterior image.

The fill point is located on top of the tank, and asight gauge is located at the side of the tank foreasy viewing of the hydraulic level. The returnfilter, or capsule filter, is mounted to the rearbulkhead of the hydraulic tank.

A drain plug is located below the tank for easyand clean maintenance.

Fuel Tank. The fuel tank, which is covered with anindependent panel, is situated on the right side ofthe upper frame.

The tank’s capacity is 410 liter (108 gal), allowingcontinuous work up to 14 hours with 85% loadbetween refills.

The tank is made of 5 mm (0.2 in) steel plate.The fill point is located on top of the tank.

A sight gauge is no longer provided on the fueltank. A new fuel strainer that integrates thefunction of the side gauge indicates the fuellevel on the monitor.

A remote drain valve is installed in the pumpcompartment for easy sediment and water removaland cleaning. A shutoff valve to the supply lineprevents fuel leakage when servicing.

Structures. Caterpillar design and manufacturing techniques assure outstanding durability and servicelife from these important components.

Doors and Covers. Upper structure side panels aremade of 1.6 mm (0.06 in) thick rolled steel plates.Side door edges are rounded off for a smooth,robust image. Service doors are reinforced andrigid in the open or closed position. Doors lockautomatically when in the closed position,minimizing vibration. Noise absorbing materialis attached directly to the inside of the door.

Counterweight. The pressed counterweight,which is 3870 kg (8,333 lb), has a smooth, curvedsurface that matches the excavator’s overall sleek,smooth appearance.

The counterweight is a fabricated structure using3.0 mm (0.12 in) steel plates on the sides and atthe bottom. The combination of thick steel platesand strong, reinforced counterweight fabricationmakes the entire structure less susceptible todamage. A recessed area prevents scratches.To ensure rigidity, the counterweight is bolteddirectly to the main frame using four M30 bolts.Lifting hooks are provided on the counterweight.

32 TEJB9306 Cat 320D/320D L Hydraulic Excavators – LACD February 2007

Structures

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Engine Hood. The engine hood is approximately160 mm (6.30 in) from the upper deck and opensbackward. A bar-spring reduces operator effortwhen opening the hood. All of the engine inspectionpoints can be accessed from the upper deck.

Bottom Guards. The bottom of the upper structureis protected with a standard bottom guard. Thisbottom guard is 2.5 mm (0.10 in) thick. A thicker6 mm (0.24 in) plate protects the suction hose.A hole under the engine allows easy access tothe engine oil drain cock.

An optional 6 mm (0.24 in) heavy-duty bottomguard package is available for applications thatpresent greater risks to the lower panels, such asforestry and quarry.

Mirrors. The 320D has two shatterproof rearviewmirrors. The right mirror is mounted on the fueltank by retractable mirror stay, which allows theoperator to clear the mirror overhang manually.The other mirror is connected to the left cab post.


Structures

Front Linkage Options. Three lengths of boomsand six types of sticks are available, offering arange of configurations suitable for a wide varietyof application conditions.

Booms. The booms have large cross-sections andinternal baffle plates to provide long life durability.

Sticks. The sticks are made of high tensile strengthsteel using a large box section design with interiorbaffle plates and an additional bottom guard.

Reach Boom. The reach boom features an optimumdesign that maximizes digging envelopes withthree stick choices: R3.9B1, R2.9B1 andR2.5B1 Sticks.

• The B1-family bucket associated with thesesticks have enough capacity for excellent reachand depth in trenching and general constructionapplications.

R3.9B1 Stick

• Stick is suited for use in trenching, excavation,and other general construction work. It has beendesigned with enough reach and depth to matcha large-capacity bucket and high digging force.

R2.9B1 Stick

• Stick provides the most versatile front linkagewith regard to reach and bucket capacity anddelivers good stability for hammer work.

R2.5B1 Stick

• Stick provides an excellent digging envelopewith larger bucket sizes and provides morestability than the R2.9B2 stick for hammer work.

Special Application Reach Boom. Providesadditional strength recommended for toughapplications.

R2.9B1 and R2.5B1 Special Application Sticks

• The R2.9B1 and R2.5B1 SA Sticks have thickerplates and are stress relieved and are used forheavy-duty applications.

Mass Excavation Boom. The mass excavationboom maximizes productivity. The mass versionoffers significantly higher digging forces andallows use of larger buckets.

M2.4CB2 Stick

• The CB2 Stick uses a C-family bucket and wasdesigned for high volume earth moving, powerfuldigging force and a large capacity bucket.Combined with a Mass boom, this stick deliversoutstanding productivity.

Super Long Reach. Provides up to 15 m (50 ft)of reach. This configuration is designed for lightduty applications that require a large workingenvelope, such as ditch cleaning or sloping work.

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Booms, Sticks and Bucket Linkages. Three lengths of booms and five sticks are available, offering arange of configurations suitable for a wide variety of application conditions. The bucket linkage pinshave been enlarged to improve reliability and durability.


Booms, Sticks and Bucket Linkages

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Service Life. Caterpillar® buckets increase servicelife and reduce repair costs.

• Dual radius designs for increased heel clearanceand reduced wear

• Robot welding of hinge assembly for increasedweld penetration and longer life

• High-strength and heat-treated steel that exceedsT-1 in high wear areas

• Horizontal bottom wear plates reinforce bucketfor greater strength and rigidity as well as easeof replacement

• Caterpillar adapters are through hardened forexcellent durability and performance

General Purpose Buckets. General Purpose (GP)buckets are best for digging in soft to hard groundwith low to moderate abrasive materials.

Heavy-Duty Buckets. Heavy-duty (HD) bucketsare used for a wide range of moderately abrasiveapplications such as mixed dirt, clay and rock.HD buckets have best loading and dumpingcharacteristics and will empty easier in cohesivematerial. More robust construction than theGP buckets.

Heavy-Duty Power (HDP) Buckets. For use inmoderately abrasive applications where breakoutforce and cycle times are critical. Maximizes tipforce and improves cycle times in most materials.Not for use in sticky material conditions.Cutting edge and GET are up-sized.

Heavy-Duty Rock Buckets. Heavy-duty rockfor aggressive bucket loading in highly abrasiveapplication such as shot rock and granite.Features include:

• Thickest wear plates to extend the life of bucketin severe applications

• Side wear plated extend further up the side ofthe bucket for maximum protection in rocky soils

• Buckets accept sidebar protectors for bestsidebar protection, or sidecutters for best fillcharacteristics and bucket wear protection

Ditch Cleaning Bucket. For cleaning ditches,sloping, grading and other finishing work.

• Shallow depth and compact size make workingin confined areas easier

• Drainage holes allow liquid to empty so materialdumps more easily

• Optional bolt-on cutting edge


Work Tools – Attachments

Work Tools – Attachments. A variety of work tools, including buckets, couplers, hammers, and shearsare available through Cat Work Tools.

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Couplers. Caterpillar offers two main coupleroptions for the 320D.

• Hydraulic Pin Grabber Plus – picks up worktools with standard pins, including a largevariety of competitive buckets

• Dedicated Couplers – No loss of tip radius,maximizes breakout forces

Cat Work Tools. Caterpillar offers a complete lineof work tools to match all of your application needs.

Hammers. Matched to Cat machines for optimumperformance.

Thumbs. Stiff link and full rotation thumbstransform your 320D into a versatile material-handling machine.

Grapples. Choose from large variety of grapplesthat best suit your application.

Multi-Processors. A multi-processor does thework of many types of demolition tools by use ofinterchangeable jaws.

Shears. Shears feature 360° rotation and highforce to weight ratio.

Pulverizers. Pulverizers are ideally suited forrapid, non-explosive demolition applications.



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Vibratory Plate Compactors. Compactors providesuperior compaction force in a reliable, low-maintenance package.

Rippers. Rippers are perfectly suited for trenchingand pipeline applications where conditions aren’tfavorable to traditional ripping methods.

Operator Guarding Packages. Caterpillar offersa variety of guarding packages to protect theoperator from flying or falling debris:

• Full Length Wire Mesh Screen

• Falling Object Guarding System



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Ground Level Service. The design and layout ofthe 320D was made with the service technician inmind. Many service locations are easily accessibleat ground level allowing critical maintenance toget done quickly and efficiently.

For example, service doors are situated onboth sides of the upper structure, which allowsmaintenance items, such as the engine radiator orany hydraulic components, to be reachable fromground level.

Openings are large and service doors latch in thefull open position.

Air Filter Compartment. The air filter features adouble-element construction for superior cleaningefficiency. When the air cleaner plugs, a warningis displayed on the monitor screen inside the cab.

The air filter, the access point for the washer tank,and maintenance points for electric components,such as the battery, circuit breaker and controller,are positioned behind the cab, in the air cleanercompartment. The jump-start receptacle, whichis an attachment, is near the battery.

Pump Compartment. A service door on the rightside of the upper structure allows ground-levelaccess to the pump, pilot filter, case drain filterand engine oil filter.

T-tap points on the pump make hydraulic systemadjustment easier. Hydraulic oil level can bechecked from the pump compartment.

Radiator Compartment. The left rear service doorallows easy access to the engine radiator, oilcooler and air-to-air-after-cooler. A reserve tankand drain cock are attached to the radiator forsimplified maintenance.

In the radiator compartment, which is accessiblefrom ground level, there is room for the shiftpattern changer and the grease gun holder.

A wire mesh screen is provided between theaftercooler and radiator/oil cooler, where thereis a wide enough clearance to blow off debrisusing a wand.

Greasing Points. A concentrated remote greasingblock on the boom delivers grease to hard-to reachlocations on the front.

For example, the remote grease block allows theswing bearing to be greased from two points ofthe boom foot: one for the front half of the swingbearing, and the other for the back half.


Service and Maintenance

Service and Maintenance. Fast, easy service has been designed in with extended service intervals,advanced filtration, convenient filter access and user-friendly electronic diagnostics for increasedproductivity and reduced maintenance costs.

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Greasing the front linkage can be accomplishedat two positions: transport position and stickvertical position.

Capsule Filter. The hydraulic return filter, a capsulefilter, prevents contaminants from entering thesystem when hydraulic oil is changed and keepsthe operation clean.

The capsule filter unit is situated inside the pumpcompartment, and the filter is changed from thetop service platform. If the filter clogs, a warningis displayed on the monitor screen inside the cab.

Fan Guard. Engine radiator fan is completelyenclosed by fine wire mesh, reducing the riskof an accident.

Diagnostics and Monitoring. The 320D isequipped with S•O•SSM sampling ports andhydraulic test ports for the hydraulic system,engine oil, and for coolant. A test connection forthe Cat Electronic Technician (Cat ET) servicetool is located inside the cab, behind the righthand side of the seat.

Handrails and Steps. Larger handrails allow easierclimbing up on and down from the machine.The handrail has 850 mm (33.5 in) height fromthe steps that meets the requirement of theISO2867.

The track frame and storage box have large stepsfor climbing. The track frame step is designed toadapt an additional step for the optional 800 mm(32 in) shoe.

Pre-Start Monitoring System. A pre-startmonitoring system allows the operator to checkcoolant, hydraulic oil and engine oil levels fromthe monitor inside the cab. However, the pre-startmonitoring system does not cover all dailymaintenance items. Caterpillar recommends theoperator to also check these levels manually.


Service and Maintenance

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Technical Specifications


Engine 320C L 320D LEngine Model Cat 3066 TA C6.4 with ACERT TechnologyISO 9249 kW (hp) 103 (138) 103 (138)SAE J1349 kW (hp) 103 (138) 103 (138)EEC 80/1269 kW (hp) 103 (138) 103 (138)Bore mm (in) 102 mm (4.02) 102 mm (4.02)Stroke mm (in) 130 mm (5.12) 130 mm (5.12)Displacement L (in3) 6.37 (389) 6.37 (389)

Weights 320C L 320D LOperating Weight – Standard Undercarriage kg (lb) 19 700 (43,400) 20 330 (44,820)Operating Weight – Long Undercarriage kg (lb) 21 000 (46,300) 21 482 (47,260)

Service Refill Capacities 320C L 320D LFuel Tank Capacity L (gal) 400 (106) 410 (108)Cooling System L (gal) 30 (7.9) 25 (6.6)Engine Oil L (gal) 30 (7.9) 30 (7.9)Swing Drive L (gal) 8 (2.1) 8 (2.1)Final Drive (each) L (gal) 10 (2.6) 8 (2.1)Hydraulic System (inc. tank) L (gal) 200 (53) 260 (69)Hydraulic Tank L (gal) 120 (32) 120 (32)

Hydraulic System 320C L 320D LMain Implement System – Maximum Flow (2x) L/min (gal/min) 205 (54.2) 205 (54.2)Maximum Pressure – Implements MPa (psi) 34.3 (4974) 35.0 (5,076)Heavy Lift Pressure MPa (psi) N/A 36.0 (5,220)Pilot System – Maximum Flow L/min (gal/min) 41.0 (10.8) 32.4 (8.6)Pilot System – Maximum Pressure MPa (psi) 4.12 (600) 3.90 (566)Boom Cylinder – Bore mm (in) 120 (5.0) 120 (5.0)Boom Cylinder – Stroke mm (in) 1260 (52) 1260 (52)Stick Cylinder – Bore mm (in) 140 (5.5) 140 (5.5)Stick Cylinder – Stroke mm (in) 1430 (56) 1518 (59.8)Mass Stick Cylinder – Bore mm (in) 140 (5.5) 140 (5.5)Mass Stick Cylinder – Stroke mm (in) 1504 (59.2) 1504 (59.2)B/B1 Family Bucket Cylinder – Bore mm (in) 120 (5.0) 120 (5.0)B/B1 Family Bucket Cylinder – Stroke mm (in) 1030 (41.0) 1104 (43.5)C/CB2 Family Bucket Cylinder – Stroke mm (in) 130 (5.0) 135 (5.3)C/CB2 Family Bucket Cylinder – Stroke mm (in) 1150 (46.0) 1156 (45.5)

Drive 320C L 320D LMaximum Travel Speed kph (mph) 5.5 (3.4) 5.5 (3.4)Maximum Drawbar Pull kN (lb) 202 (45,411) 206 (46,310)

Swing Mechanism 320C L 320D LSwing Speed rpm 11.5 11.5Swing Torque kN-m (lb-ft) 61.8 (45,611) 61.8 (45,611)

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Notes



Notes

February 2007 TEJB9306 Cat 320D/320D L Hydraulic Excavators – LACD 43

Notes

TEJB9306February 2007www.cat.com

© 2007 CaterpillarAll Rights ReservedPrinted in the U.S.A.

The information contained herein is intended for circulation only to Caterpillar and dealer employees whose duties require knowledge of such reports andis intended exclusively for their information and training. It may contain unverified analysis and facts observed by various Caterpillar or dealer employees.However, effort has been made to provide reliable results regarding any information comparing Caterpillar built and competitive machines. Effort has beenmade to use the latest available spec sheet and other material in the full understanding that these are subject to change without notice. Any reproductionof this release without the foregoing explanation is prohibited.

CAT, CATERPILLAR, their respective logos, “Caterpillar Yellow” and the POWER EDGE trade dress, as well as corporate and product identity used herein,are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.

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