31788711 WCDMA Physical Layer Design
Transcript of 31788711 WCDMA Physical Layer Design
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A. Chockalingam
Assistant Professor
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
http://ece.iisc.ernet.in/~achockal
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Outline
WCDMA Network ArchitectureWCDMA Network Architecture
WCDMA Physical LayerWCDMA Physical Layer
Physical / Transport / Logical ChannelsPhysical / Transport / Logical Channels
UplinkUplink
!prea"ing # Channelisation / !cra$%ling!prea"ing # Channelisation / !cra$%ling
Transport &or$ats an" Con'igurationTransport &or$ats an" Con'iguration
Multiple(ing an" Channel Co"ingMultiple(ing an" Channel Co"ing
DownlinkDownlink
!prea"ing / !cra$%ling / Channelisation!prea"ing / !cra$%ling / Channelisation
Multiple(ing an" Channel Co"ingMultiple(ing an" Channel Co"ing
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)
2G to G !"olution
*!#+,A*!#+,A *!#+,-*!#+,- c"$a2...c"$a2...
*MT2...*MT2...
*MT2... *TU0s !tan"ar"i1ation ''ort towar"s )3*MT2... *TU0s !tan"ar"i1ation ''ort towar"s )3
4*MT#2... pre5iously ter$e" as &PLMT!6
UMT!UMT!uropean ''ort 4!peci'ie" %y )3 Partnership Pro7ect )3PP6
3!M3!M 3P8!3P8!
WCDMAWCDMA
D3D3
DD
AA
TT
AA
**
!!
++
++
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#$%S &' $odel
U!*MMo%ile
:uip$ent
Access
Network
!er5ing
Network
P!/C!
Transit
Network
CuCu UuUu *u*u ;u;u
User :uip$entUser :uip$ent Access NetworkAccess Network Core NetworkCore Network
*n'rastructure*n'rastructure
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#$%S &' Architecture
No"e -
U
U
U
No"e -
No"e -
No"e -
8NC
8NC
UT8AN
8N!
8N!
CN
CN 4C! Do$ain6
CN 4P! Do$ain6
!3!N 33!N
8egisters
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'C($A S)stem *eatures
UT8A &DD $o"e an" TDD $o"eUT8A &DD $o"e an" TDD $o"e UT8A &DD 'eaturesUT8A &DD 'eatures
Multiple AccessMultiple Access CDMACDMA
Channel !pacingChannel !pacing , M
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#%+A *(( *eatures
&C Co"es&C Co"es 8ate B/2E B/) con5olutional co"e8ate B/2E B/) con5olutional co"ewith constraint length F G +with constraint length F G +
8ate B/)E #state Tur%o co"ing8ate B/)E #state Tur%o co"ing
*nterlea5ing*nterlea5ing *ntra# or *nter#'ra$e interlea5ing*ntra# or *nter#'ra$e interlea5ing
4B.E 2. 9.E . $sec64B.E 2. 9.E . $sec6 Mo"ulationMo"ulation HP!FHP!F
DetectionDetection Coherent %ase" on pilot sy$%olsCoherent %ase" on pilot sy$%ols
Micro "i5ersityMicro "i5ersity 8AF in -! an" U8AF in -! an" U
Power ControlPower Control &ast close"#loop at B,..
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+adio Interface Protocol $odel
P
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'C($A +adio Channels
Physical ChannelsPhysical Channels Trans$ission $e"ia@Trans$ission $e"ia@
Two types o' physical channels "e'ine" in LBI &DD an" TDD@Two types o' physical channels "e'ine" in LBI &DD an" TDD@
&DD is characteri1e" %y 're:uencyE co"eE */H phase&DD is characteri1e" %y 're:uencyE co"eE */H phase
&ollow a layere" structure o' Jra"io 'ra$esK an" Jti$e slotsK&ollow a layere" structure o' Jra"io 'ra$esK an" Jti$e slotsK
Transport ChannelsTransport Channels "escri%es the way in'or$ation is trans'erre" o5er the ra"io inter'ace"escri%es the way in'or$ation is trans'erre" o5er the ra"io inter'ace
Logical ChannelsLogical Channels the type o' in'or$ation trans'erre" characteri1es a logical channelthe type o' in'or$ation trans'erre" characteri1es a logical channel
U -! 8NC
Logical ChannelsLogical Channels
Transport ChannelsTransport Channels
Physical ChannelsPhysical Channels
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B.
Ph)sical Channels
Correspon"s to a speci'ic carrier 're:uencyECorrespon"s to a speci'ic carrier 're:uencyE
co"eE relati5e phase in * an" H %ranchesco"eE relati5e phase in * an" H %ranches
De"icate" an" Co$$on Physical ChannelsDe"icate" an" Co$$on Physical Channels
Layere" structure o' ra"io 'ra$es an" ti$e slotsLayere" structure o' ra"io 'ra$es an" ti$e slots A ra"io 'ra$e G B. $sec G B, slots/'ra$eA ra"io 'ra$e G B. $sec G B, slots/'ra$e
B 'ra$e G )9.. chipsE B slot G 2,?. chipsB 'ra$e G )9.. chipsE B slot G 2,?. chips
!lot con'iguration 5aries "epen"ing on the!lot con'iguration 5aries "epen"ing on thechannel %it rate o' the physical channelchannel %it rate o' the physical channel
%its/slot "i''erent 'or "i''erent physical channels %its/slot "i''erent 'or "i''erent physical channels
$ay 5ary with ti$e 4on a 'ra$e %y 'ra$e %asis6$ay 5ary with ti$e 4on a 'ra$e %y 'ra$e %asis6
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BB
# Ph)sical Channels
De"icate" U/L ChannelsDe"icate" U/L Channels DPDC
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B2
(edicated # Ph)sical Channels
Two typesTwo types
De"icate" Physical Data C
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B)
# *rame Structure
There is only one U/L DPCC< on each ra"io linkThere is only one U/L DPCC< on each ra"io link There can %e .E BE or se5eral DPDC
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B9
I, S/reading for (P(C0, (PCC0
DPDC
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B,
'C($A %ransmission +ates #
!yste$ Chip 8ate )@9 Mcps!yste$ Chip 8ate )@9 Mcps
!y$%ol 8ates on Uplink!y$%ol 8ates on Uplink
Chl !y$% 8ateChl !y$% 8ate Chl -it 8ateChl -it 8ate !& -its/'ra$e N!& -its/'ra$e N"ata"ata
B, Fs/sB, Fs/s B, F%/s 2,? B, F%/s 2,? B,. B,. B. B. ). Fs/s). Fs/s ). F%/s B2 ). F%/s B2 ).. 2. ).. 2.
?. Fs/s ?. F%/s?. Fs/s ?. F%/s ?9 ?.. 9. ?9 ?.. 9.
B2. Fs/s B2. F%/sB2. Fs/s B2. F%/s )2 B2.. .)2 B2.. .
29. Fs/s 29. F%/s29. Fs/s 29. F%/s B? 29.. B?.B? 29.. B?.
9. Fs/s 9. F%/s9. Fs/s 9. F%/s 9.. )2. 9.. )2.
+?. Fs/s +?. F%/s 9 +?.. ?9.+?. Fs/s +?. F%/s 9 +?.. ?9.
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B?
'C($A Channelisation Codes
rthogonal co"esrthogonal co"es
Use" 'or channel separation %oth in U/L an" D/LUse" 'or channel separation %oth in U/L an" D/L
"irections"irections
Can ha5e "i''erent sprea"ing 'actor 5alues 4thusCan ha5e "i''erent sprea"ing 'actor 5alues 4thus
support "i''erent sy$%ol rates6support "i''erent sy$%ol rates6
CCchE!&EkchE!&Ek !& # !prea"ing &actorE k is the co"e !& # !prea"ing &actorE k is the co"e
nu$%er .OGkOG !Bnu$%er .OGkOG !B !prea"ing 'actor 5alue in"icates how $any %its o'!prea"ing 'actor 5alue in"icates how $any %its o'
those co"es are use" in a connectionthose co"es are use" in a connection
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B
# Channeli3ation Codes
rthogonal >aria%le !prea"ing &actor 4>!&6rthogonal >aria%le !prea"ing &actor 4>!&6
channeli1ation co"eschanneli1ation co"es
!eparates "ata / control channels 'ro$ sa$e U!eparates "ata / control channels 'ro$ sa$e U
Preser5es orthogonality %etween these channelsPreser5es orthogonality %etween these channels
4B64B6
4BEB64BEB6
4BE#B64BE#B6
4BEBEBEB64BEBEBEB6
4BEBE#BE#B64BEBE#BE#B6
4BE#BEBE#B64BE#BEBE#B6
4BE#BE#BEB64BE#BE#BEB6
!&GB!&GB!&G2!&G2
!&G9!&G9
C4!&Ek6C4!&Ek6
!& !prea"ing &actor!& !prea"ing &actor
k co"e nu$%er .OkOG!Bk co"e nu$%er .OkOG!B
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B
# Scram4ling Codes
Use co$ple( 5alue" scra$%ling co"eUse co$ple( 5alue" scra$%ling co"e Long scra$%ling se:uences 42296Long scra$%ling se:uences 42296
3ol" se:uences 4linear co$%ination o' two $#se:uences63ol" se:uences 4linear co$%ination o' two $#se:uences6
!hort scra$%ling se:uences 42296!hort scra$%ling se:uences 42296 'ro$ a 'a$ily se:uence o' perio"ically e(ten"e" !426'ro$ a 'a$ily se:uence o' perio"ically e(ten"e" !426
co"esco"es
Long or short se:uences 'or DPCC< / DPDC
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B+
'C($A Code %)/es
!cra$%ling Co"esE Channelisation Co"es!cra$%ling Co"esE Channelisation Co"es
UplinkUplink DownlinkDownlink
!cra$%ling co"es!cra$%ling co"es User separationUser separation Cell separationCell separation
ChannelisationChannelisation Data an" ControlData an" Control Users within aUsers within aco"esco"es channels 'ro$ thechannels 'ro$ the cell cell
sa$e ter$inalsa$e ter$inal
!prea"ing co"e G !cra$%ling co"e ( Channelisation co"e!prea"ing co"e G !cra$%ling co"e ( Channelisation co"e
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2.
Common # Ph)sical Channels
Two TypesTwo Types Physical 8an"o$ Access C
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2B
+andom Access
UU -!-!
P8AC
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22
Common # Ph)sical Channels
Physical Co$$on Packet C
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2)
%rans/ort *ormats Configurations
Transport -lockTransport -lock 4T-64T-6 -asic unit o' "ata e(change" %etween LB Q MAC 'or LB-asic unit o' "ata e(change" %etween LB Q MAC 'or LB
processingprocessing
Transport -lock !i1eTransport -lock !i1e Nu$%er o' %its in a T-@Nu$%er o' %its in a T-@
Transport -lock !etTransport -lock !et 4T-!64T-!6A set o' T-s e(change" %etween LB an" MAC at the sa$eA set o' T-s e(change" %etween LB an" MAC at the sa$e
ti$e instant using the sa$e transport channelti$e instant using the sa$e transport channel
Transport -lock !et !i1eTransport -lock !et !i1eNu$%er o' %its in a T-!Nu$%er o' %its in a T-!
Trans$ission Ti$e *nter5alTrans$ission Ti$e *nter5al 4TT*64TT*6 Perio"icity at which a T-! is trans'erre" %y the physicalPerio"icity at which a T-! is trans'erre" %y the physical
layer on to the ra"io inter'ace # RB.E 2.E 9.E . $sSlayer on to the ra"io inter'ace # RB.E 2.E 9.E . $sS
MAC "eli5ers one T-! to the physical layer e5ery TT*MAC "eli5ers one T-! to the physical layer e5ery TT*
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%rans/ort *ormats Configurations
Transport &or$atTransport &or$at 4T&64T&6 &or$at o''ere" %y LB to MAC 4an" 5ice 5ersa6 'or the "eli5ery o' a&or$at o''ere" %y LB to MAC 4an" 5ice 5ersa6 'or the "eli5ery o' a T-! "uring a TT* on a gi5en transport channel 4TrCaria%le %it rate can %e achie5e" %y changing 4>aria%le %it rate can %e achie5e" %y changing 4%etween TT*s%etween TT*s66either the T-! si1e onlyE or %oth the T- si1e an" T-! !i1eeither the T-! si1e onlyE or %oth the T- si1e an" T-! !i1e
Transport &or$at !etTransport &or$at !et 4T&!64T&!6 a set o' T&s associate" with a TrC
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2,
%rans/ort *ormats Configurations
Transport &or$at Co$%inationTransport &or$at Co$%ination
4T&C64T&C6
Multiple TrC
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2?
%rans/ort *ormats Configurations
TT*TT* TT*TT* TT*TT*
TT*TT* TT*TT* TT*TT*
T-T-DC
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2
%*I and %*CI %ransmitter
Transport Chl BTransport Chl B Transport Chl 2Transport Chl 2
TransportTransport
-lock-lockTransportTransport
-lock-lock
TransportTransport-lock-lock
TransportTransport-lock-lock
T&*T&* T&*T&*
T&C*T&C* Co"ing an"Co"ing an"Multiple(ingMultiple(ing
PhysicalPhysical
LayerLayer
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2
%*I and %*CI +ecei"er
Transport Chl BTransport Chl B Transport Chl 2Transport Chl 2
TransportTransport
-lock Q *-lock Q *TransportTransport
-lock Q *-lock Q *
TransportTransport-lock Q *-lock Q *
TransportTransport-lock Q *-lock Q *
T&*T&* T&*T&*
T&C*T&C*Deco"eDeco"e
Deco"ing an"Deco"ing an"De$ultiple(ingDe$ultiple(ing
PhysicalPhysical
LayerLayer
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2+
%*I and %*CI
ach transport channel is acco$panie" %y aach transport channel is acco$panie" %y a T&*T&*at eachat eachti$e e5ent at which "ata is e(pecte" to arri5e 'ro$
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).
%rans/ort *ormat e.g., S/eech
Con5ersational !peech 4B2 F%ps6Con5ersational !peech 4B2 F%ps6
B2@2 F%ps $a(@B2@2 F%ps $a(@
TT* 2. $secTT* 2. $sec
Transport &or$ats 4T&6 a5aila%leTransport &or$ats 4T&6 a5aila%le
T& 8A-B 8A-2 8A-)T& 8A-B 8A-2 8A-)
T&.5 . ( B . ( B.) . ( ?. 4e@g@E silence6T&.5 . ( B . ( B.) . ( ?. 4e@g@E silence6
T&B5 B ( B B ( B.) B ( ?. 4e@gE acti5e 5oice6T&B5 B ( B B ( B.) B ( ?. 4e@gE acti5e 5oice6
two other 'or$ats too 4see !t"s@ Doc@6two other 'or$ats too 4see !t"s@ Doc@6
T&C 4T&.E T&.E T&.6 e@g@E "uring silenceT&C 4T&.E T&.E T&.6 e@g@E "uring silence
4T&BE T&BE T&B6 e@g@E "uring acti5e 5oice perio"s4T&BE T&BE T&B6 e@g@E "uring acti5e 5oice perio"s
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)B
%rans/ort *ormat e.g., (ata
*nteracti5e/-ackgroun" Data 4?9 F%ps6*nteracti5e/-ackgroun" Data 4?9 F%ps6
?9 F%ps $a(@?9 F%ps $a(@
TT* 2. $secTT* 2. $sec
Transport -lock 4T-6 si1e G ))? %itsTransport -lock 4T-6 si1e G ))? %its
Transport &or$ats 4T&6 a5aila%leTransport &or$ats 4T&6 a5aila%le
T&. # . ( ))?T&. # . ( ))?
T&B # B ( ))?T&B # B ( ))?
T&2 # 2 ( ))?T&2 # 2 ( ))?
T&) # ) ( ))?T&) # ) ( ))?
T&9 # 9 ( ))?T&9 # 9 ( ))?
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)2
%rans/ort *ormat S/eech 5 (ata
Con5ersational speech 4B2 F%ps6 Con5ersational speech 4B2 F%ps6 *nteracti5e/-ackgroun" Data 4?9 F%ps6*nteracti5e/-ackgroun" Data 4?9 F%ps6
>oice TrC< Data TrCoice TrC< Data TrCiter%i6 "eco"ing8ecei5er per'or$s &C 4>iter%i6 "eco"ing
path $etric selection a$ong the sur5i5ing paths in the "eco"ingpath $etric selection a$ong the sur5i5ing paths in the "eco"ing
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99
( Ph)sical Channels
De"icate" D/L ChannelsDe"icate" D/L Channels DPDC
!ynchroni1ation C
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9,
(edicated ( Ph)sical Channels
De"icate" Physical C
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9?
( *rame Structure
!.!.
B. $sec 'ra$es "i5i"e" into B, slotsB. $sec 'ra$es "i5i"e" into B, slots
No@ o' %its in "i''erent DPDC< 'iel" 4NpilotE NtpcE Nt'ciE N"ataBENo@ o' %its in "i''erent DPDC< 'iel" 4NpilotE NtpcE Nt'ciE N"ataBE
N"ata26 are gi5en in ta%lesN"ata26 are gi5en in ta%les
Which slot 'or$at to use is con'igure" 4an" recon'igure"6 %yWhich slot 'or$at to use is con'igure" 4an" recon'igure"6 %y
higher layershigher layers
!B!B !2!2 !)!) !B)!B) !B9!B9
B &ra$e G B, slots G B. $secB &ra$e G B, slots G B. $sec
DATA BDATA B
B ti$e slot G 2/) $secB ti$e slot G 2/) $sec
DPDC
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9
( %ransmission
Multico"e Trans$ission on D/LMultico"e Trans$ission on D/L Multico"e trans$ission can %e e$ploye" on the D/LMultico"e trans$ission can %e e$ploye" on the D/L
*@e@E CCTrC< is $appe" on to se5eral parallel D/L*@e@E CCTrC< is $appe" on to se5eral parallel D/L
DPC
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9
'C($A %ransmission +ates (
!yste$ Chip 8ate )@9 Mcps!yste$ Chip 8ate )@9 Mcps
!y$%ol 8ates on Downlink!y$%ol 8ates on Downlink
!y$% 8ate!y$% 8ate Chl %it rateChl %it rate !&!&
@, Fs/s@, Fs/s B, F%/s ,B2 B, F%/s ,B2
B, Fs/sB, Fs/s ). F%/s 2,? ). F%/s 2,?
). Fs/s). Fs/s ?. F%/s B2 ?. F%/s B2
?. Fs/s B2. F%/s ?9?. Fs/s B2. F%/s ?9
B2. Fs/s 29. F%/s )2B2. Fs/s 29. F%/s )2 29. Fs/s 9. F%/s B?29. Fs/s 9. F%/s B?
9. Fs/s +?. F%/s 9. Fs/s +?. F%/s
+?. Fs/s B+2. F%/s 9+?. Fs/s B+2. F%/s 9
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9+
Common ( Ph)sical Channels
Co$$on Pilot C !cra$%le" either %y the pri$ary or a secon"ary scra$%ling co"e!cra$%le" either %y the pri$ary or a secon"ary scra$%ling co"e
A cell $ay contain .EBE or se5eral !#CP*C
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,.
Common ( Ph)sical Channels
Co$$on Control Physical C
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,B
Common ( Ph)sical Channels
!ynchroni1ation C
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,2
( S/reading
DL PhysicalDL Physical
Channel "ataChannel "ata CC"E!&E$"E!&E$!erial to!erial to
ParallelParallel
Con5@Con5@
**
HH
*7H*7H
!!"lEn"lEn
77
Channelisation co"e # Di''erentiate users in a cellChannelisation co"e # Di''erentiate users in a cell
# >! >!&
# UT8AN assigns channelisation co"es to "i''@ phy@ chls# UT8AN assigns channelisation co"es to "i''@ phy@ chls
!cra$%ling Co"e Di''erentiate cells!cra$%ling Co"e Di''erentiate cells
S 4li C d
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,)
Scram4ling Codes
possi%le D/L scra$%ling co"es G 2B #B G 2?2B9) possi%le D/L scra$%ling co"es G 2B #B G 2?2B9) !cra$%ling co"es "i5i"e" into ,B2 sets!cra$%ling co"es "i5i"e" into ,B2 sets
B pri$ary scra$%ling co"e an" B, secon"ary scra$%ling co"esB pri$ary scra$%ling co"e an" B, secon"ary scra$%ling co"es
!oE there are ,B2 ( B? G B+2 co"es!oE there are ,B2 ( B? G B+2 co"es
ach cell is allocate" one an" only pri$ary scra$%ling co"each cell is allocate" one an" only pri$ary scra$%ling co"e
The pri$ary CCPC< 4Co$$on Control Physical C
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,9
$ulti/le6ing 7 Channel Coding (
C8C Attach$ent
Tr-k Concatenation/
Co"e -lock !eg$entation
Channel Co"ing
8ate Matching
Bst *nsertion o' DT *n"icationBst *nterlea5ing
8a"io &ra$e !eg$entation
CCTrC
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,,
$ulti/le6ing 7 Channel Coding ..cntd
Physical Channel MappingPhysical Channel Mapping
on U/L PhC
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,?
$ulti/le6ing 7 Channel Coding ..cntd
*nsertion o' Discontinuous Trans$ission 4DT6*nsertion o' Discontinuous Trans$ission 4DT6*n"ication -its*n"ication -its
only on the D/Lonly on the D/L
use" to 'ill up the ra"io 'ra$e with %itsuse" to 'ill up the ra"io 'ra$e with %its
insertion point "epen"s on whetherinsertion point "epen"s on whether 'i(e" positions'i(e" positions 4Bst4Bst
*nsertion6*nsertion6oror 'le(i%le positions'le(i%le positions 42n" *nsertion642n" *nsertion6o' theo' the
TrC
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,
'C($A Ph)sical Channels
P#CCPCDPDC
Ch l $ i th #
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,
Channel $a//ing on the #
CCC< DTC< DCC