3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N...

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3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N The The Legal & Legal & Regulatory Regulatory Environment of of Business Business McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Page 1: 3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,

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Chapter 3—The Court System

REED SHEDDREED SHEDD PAGNATTARO PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD MOREHEAD

F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O NF I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N

TheThe Legal & Legal & RegulatoryRegulatory Environment of of BusinessBusiness

McGraw-Hill/IrwinCopyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights

reserved.

Page 2: 3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,

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Understand key personnel associated with the court system.

Learn how the state and federal court systems are organized and how they function.

Learn about the power of judicial review and the conflicting philosophies of judicial restraint and judicial activism.

To appreciate the background and judicial alignment of the current members of the U.S. Supreme Court.

Be exposed to a sample case from the U.S. Supreme Court.

Learning Objectives

Page 3: 3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,

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Corporate governance, in a property – based environment, requires a viable court system.

Food for thought…

Page 4: 3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,

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TYCOQwest

$50 MILLION $75 MILLION

Soaring Legal Costs

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Judges And Justices

Determine Rules of Law for

Case

Finds Facts If No Jury Trial Judge

Renders Decision

Dealing With People In Conflict

Justices – Deal With

Issues of Law On Appeal

Most Extensive Power

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Jurors Fact-Finding Body- Petit Jury

Size• Usually 12

• Some provisions for smaller

Decision• Usually unanimous

• No reason given

Current Reforms

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Jury Verdicts

$850Million

$700 Million

$554Million

Man, AG v. Freightliner

Gulsby Engineering v. Gulf Liquids

Cook v. Rockwell

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Lawyers

Required inmost cases

Representation Advocates

Duty to Administration

Of Justice

Counselor, Advocate,

Public Servant

Confidential Communications

Page 9: 3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,

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Federal And MostState Court Systems

Trial CourtsTrial Courts

Appellate CourtsAppellate Courts

Supreme CourtsSupreme Courts

Subject MatterJurisdiction – Power over Particular

Issues

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State Courts- Sources Of Authority

State Constitution

State Legislature

Court Rules Of Procedure

Page 11: 3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,

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State Courts – Trial & Appellate

Trial:

Superior Court, Circuit Court, District Court

Lawsuit - Complaint Filed

Determines Facts & Law

Appellate:

Review Questions Of Law

Consist Of 3 – 9 Judges

Petition For Leave To Appeal/Writ of Certiorari

Page 12: 3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,

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Small Claims Court Handles Much Litigation Between Business &

Customers

Minor Financial Issues

Benefits

Informal

Low Court Costs

Simplified Procedures

Dollar Limitation

Page 13: 3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,

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Federal CourtsFederal Courts

Federal Jurisdiction

• Article III Of Constitution• Reviews:

• Questions of Federal Law• U.S. As Party• State Disagreements• Suits Between Citizens Of Different States

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pop

QUIZpop

QUIZpop

QUIZThe general role of an appellate court The general role of an appellate court is to:is to:a.a. Review questions of factReview questions of factb.b. Review questions of fact and lawReview questions of fact and lawc.c. Review questions of lawReview questions of lawd.d. Review only constitutional questionsReview only constitutional questions

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U.S.Constitution

Issues

Federal Statute Issues

 

No $ Limit

 

Federal Questions

 

Federal Question Cases

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Plaintiffs/ Defendants –

Citizens of Different

States

Each Claim

Must Be $75,000+

Guard Against

State Court Bias

Diversity 

Diversity Of Citizenship

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District Courts Federal Trial Courts Review Lawsuits Receive Evidence Evaluate Testimony Impanel Juries Resolve Disputes Federal Rules Of Civil Procedure

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Appellate Courts 12 U.S. Courts Of Appeals

Court Of Appeals For The Federal Circuit-

Handles Appeals From Special Courts U.S. Claims Court

Administrative Decisions

Court Of Military Appeals

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Page 20: 3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,

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U.S. Supreme Court Writ Of Certiorari- Matter Of:

Federal Importance- Constitutional Issue Conflicting Decisions Of U.S. Circuit Courts

Decision Becomes “Law Of Land”- Not Subject To Review

Courtesy of T. Bundgaard

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Power To Interpret Legislation And Power To Interpret Legislation And Determine ConstitutionalityDetermine Constitutionality

Judicial Restraint•Strict Constructionism

•Change Come From Political Process

Judicial Review

Judicial Activism• Courts Help Correct

Society Wrongs•Value-Oriented & Policy

Directed

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Will Ruling Provide Justice and Sound Precedent?

Nature Of Judicial ProcessCase To Be Decided

Use Existing

Statutes &Precedent

Create Law Where

None Exists

Refuse To Apply

Case Law or Find Unconst-

itutional

Page 23: 3-1 Chapter 3— The Court System REED SHEDD PAGNATTARO MOREHEAD F I F T E E N T H E D I T I O N McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,

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think

TANKthink

TANKthink

TANKIs the power of judicial reviewIs the power of judicial reviewimportant? important?

a.a. yesyesb.b. no no


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