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Mota Castle

The MostDistinguished

Surname

Camargo

Certificate No.245426201384Copyright 1998-2013 Swyrich Corporation. All Rights Reservedwww.houseofnames.com 888-468-7686

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Table of Contents

Surname History Origins 3

Ancient History 3

Spelling Variations 3

Early History 3

Early Notables 4

The Great Migration 4

Current Notables 5

Surname SymbolismIntroduction 7

Motto 7

Shield 8

Crest 9

Further Readings and Bibliography Appendix - Notable List 10

Bibliography 11


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Over the next two centuries the Greeks were displaced by the Carthaginians, who wished to expand their Mediterranean empire into Iberia. This expansion, however, brought Carthage into conflict with Rome, and led ultimately to war. The 2nd Punic War, 219-201 B.C., determined that Spain would be controlled by Rome. The Romans first subdued the peoples of the coast, who had had more contact with other cultures. It would take many more years for Rome to control completely the north and west of the peninsula.Some of the original Celts and Iberians had, meanwhile, formed a new mixed culture in the

central peninsula, known as Celtiberians. Each of the peoples of the peninsula had unique

Origins Noble surnames, such as Camargo, evoke images of the ancient homeland of the Spanish people. The original bearer of the name Camargo, which is a local surname, once lived, held land, or was born in the beautiful region of Spain. In Spain, hereditary surnameswere adopted according to fairly general rules and during the late Middle Ages, names thatwere derived from localities became increasingly widespread. Local names originally denoted the proprietorship of the village or estate.

Ancient History The colourful traditions of Spain have over the centuries yielded many distinguishedsurnames. These proud cultural traditions have been carried from the Old World to the

New, and to almost every corner of the globe. The name Camargo has been traced to itssource in Castile, an important kingdom of medieval Spain.

Spelling VariationsSpanish surnames often conserve the oldest spellings with few changes, which distinguishes them from names originating in England, France and Germany. The variations Camargo and Camarguillodo, however, share the same origin.

Early History The first group known to have populated what are today Spain and Portugal were theIberians, who traveled north from Africa around 3000 B.C., following the rivers inland. Celtic tribes from northern Europe began to establish settlements in the peninsula during the 14th century B.C., mostly in the northern and western regions, which today are home to Galicia and Portugal. About 200 years later, the Phoenicians made contact with these peoples and established small coastal trading centres. The Phoenicians built lighthouses andfounded cities that still exist today. The other major Mediterranean power to establish a presence in Spain was the Greeks, who arrived around 630 B.C. and founded several citiesfor trading purposes.


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customs and folkways. Each had a different language and religion. Roman language and customs were, thus, imposed on a multicultural land. Each culture interacted with the Romans differently, as they adapted to a new language, religion and administration. The Romans were the first civilization to alter the people's way of life over the entire peninsula. They brought a completely new way of life, with their accomplishments in law, agriculture, architecture, engineering and the sciences. Rome pensioned many soldiers inSpain, or Hispania as it was called, founding for them cities that still stand today, such as Zaragoza and Mérida. These former soldiers married local women, which would gradually give rise to a blended Hispano-Roman culture. The emperors Hadrian, Trajan and Marcus Aurelius were Spanish by birth, as were many great Latin writers, including Seneca the Elder and Seneca the Younger, Lucan, Martial, Quintilian, Columella and Prudentius. Early in the 5th century the Visigoths conquered Hispania. The Visigoths, however, lived

apart from the people and never had the same influence that Rome had exerted. The best- known Spaniard of this time was St. Isidore, a writer who became Bishop of Seville. In 711Spain was invaded by Muslims from Africa, who soon conquered the entire peninsula except for Asturias, in the north. Traces of their presence remain today in the cities of thesouth, such as Granada and Cordoba, witnesses to the important cultural contributions of the Muslims. The Christians of the north, however, began a concerted resistance that would ultimately regain for them the entire peninsula, although the struggle would last for almost eight

centuries. During the tenth century Castile became an independent region and began a seriesof alliances and battles that would push the frontier far to the south. Castile's first king, Ferdinand, united his kingdom with Leon, and he controlled Galicia as well. By the end of the 11th century the Christian re-conquest had reached Toledo and Valencia, and it would continue until 1492, when Ferdinand and Isabella would retake Granada. The Camargo family originated in Near Santander, to the north of Old Castile. One of the earliest records of the name dates from the fourteenth century: the family name appears in the Libro Becerro of 1353, which listed the nobles of the land. From Castile the family

branched to other regions of the north, and with the Reconquest branched to southernSpain, where they became established in all the major centers, including Seville. During thesixteenth century, family members were knights of the Orders of St. James and St. John.

Early NotablesProminent among members of the family were José Antonio de Camargo, created Countof Villareal in 1669; nineteenth century Bolivian military officer and patriot José Vicente Camargo; and nineteenth century Colombian diplomat and politician Sergio Camargo.


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As well as 0 more in the Appendix.

The Great Migration The fall of Granada on 2 January 1492 meant that the Spanish Crown could turn its attention to empire-building. Ferdinand and Isabella supported Christopher Columbus' voyages to the west, which began an era of exploration and conquest that would takeSpaniards and their language and culture literally around the world.

Current NotablesMore recent migrations have occurred in which many Latin American families have moved to the United States and Canada.

• Hebe Maria Camargo (b.1929) Brazilian TV presenter, singer, and actress

• Ángel Camargo (b.1967) Colombian retired road racing cyclist• Christian Camargo (b.1971) American actor


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Symbolism

In Spain, the age-old practice of representing important people with symbols evolved withfeudal society into an extensive armory to distinguish members of the upper class, whether at court or on the battlefield. Spain’s status as a European power made heraldry particularly necessary for identification in foreign countries and involvement in international politics.

Introduction

Achievement of Arms of

Camargo

An Achievement of Arms such as the Camargo arms depicted on the left typically consists of these parts: the

Escrolls, displaying the family motto and name, thefamily crest (if any) seen above the helmet, the actual Coat of arms (also known as 'arms,' or 'the shield'), the Helmet depicted below the crest, the Torse on top of the helmet, and the Mantle draped from the helmet. Each of these elements will be described below. Supporters were a later addition to the Achievement; they are somewhat rare, and are usually personal to the grantee.

Mantle of Camargo

The mantle was spread over and draped from the helmet and served as a protection, 'to repel the extremities ofwet, cold, and heat, and to preserve the armour from rust.' The numerous cuts and slits suggest that it had been torn and hacked on the field of battle. The style or design of the mantling is up to the individual heraldic artist, and it is usually depicted in the main color and metal from the shield. The helmet (or Helm) varied in

shape in different ages and countries, often depicting rank. The Esquire's Helm, as depicted here, is generallyshown silver, with a closed visor and facing to the dexter (its right). On top of the helmet is a Torse or wreathwhich was formed by two pieces of silk twisted together.Its purpose was to hold the crest and mantle on the Helm.


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Motto The motto was originally a war cry or slogan. Mottoes first began to be shown with arms in the 14th and 15th centuries, but were not in general use until the 17th century. Thus the oldest coats of arms generally do not include a motto. Mottoes seldom form part of the grant of arms: Under most heraldic authorities, a motto is an optional component of the coat of arms, and can be added to or changed at will; many families have chosen not to display a motto. The coat of arms displayed here for the surname Camargo did not include a motto.

ShieldShields (or Escutcheons) at first were painted simply with one or more bands of color or

'ordinaries'. Later, the ordinaries were used in conjunction with other figures orsymbols. The Coat of Arms for the surname Camargo can be described as follows:

The Camargo Shield

CAMARGO ARMS A black shield with three porcupines.

black shield

BLACK SHIELDSable (Archaic or literary English for black), the coldestof the colors, corresponds to lead. Black, or "sable," issymbolic of sadness. It also corresponds with winter and is a humble color, suitable for the deeply religious. It denotes the qualities of knowledge, piety, serenity and

work. Engravers represent it with numerous horizontal and vertical lines crossing each other.Symbolic Virtues: Sable symbolizes the virtues of prudence and wisdom. The bearer of sable is obliged to protect widows and to guard the possessions of those who are absent. It is associated with serenity, pity and grief.Precious Stone: DiamondPlanet: Saturn Obligations: Protect widows and guard the possessions

of those who are absent.


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THREE"Three" devices, beasts or ordinaries of the same have aspecial significance in heraldry. First of all, there is the

obvious reference to the Trinity in the design that wouldsignify observance of the Christian doctrine. Secondly,with many Arms it brings balance that is steeped in tradition. To better understand this latter scenario, we must look at the evolution of shield in personal armory. Kite shields that were the most popular from the the10th-14th century evolved into Heater shields that hadflat tops c. 1250. This was the time of heraldry's beginnings and when "three" objects were used for balance in each corner of the shield. Later, with the advent of the "chief," "chevron" and "bend" three devices brought balance to these ordinaries too.

The Crest The Crest was worn on top of the helmet, and was usually made of wood, metal, or boiled leather. It provided the double advantage of easy identification and the addition of height to the wearer. If a family had no crest, and many chose not to, plumes (feathers)were often displayed instead.


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Conclusion

Appendix - Notable List• Hebe Maria Camargo (b.1929) Brazilian TV presenter, singer, and actress• Ángel Camargo (b.1967) Colombian retired road racing cyclist

• Christian Camargo (b.1971) American actor


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Here is a listing of some of the sources consulted when researching Spanish surnames. The resources below directly or indirectly influenced the authors of our surname histories. We

have most of these titles in our library, others we have borrowed or had access to. Source materials have been chosen for their reliability and authenticity. Our research intosurnames is ongoing, and we are continually adding to our source library. For eachsurname history, we seek and refer to sources specific to the surname; these are generally not included in the list below.

Bibliography

Spain

Atienza, Julio De Atienza. Nobiliario Espanol: Diccionario Heraldico De Apellidos Españoles Y De Titulos Nobiliarios.Madrid: Aguilar, 1959.

Garcia Carraffa, Alberto and Arturo: Diccionario Heraldico y Genealogico de Apellidos Espanoles y Americanos. Madrid: A.Marzo, 1919-63. 88 volumes.

Carr, Raymond. Spain, 1808-1975. 2nd Ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982. (ISBN 9-78-019822-1272)

Elster, Robert J. International Who’s Who. London : Europa/ Routledge, Published annually since 1935.

de Cadenas, Vicente Y Viicent. Heraldic Patronimica Espanola Y Sus Patronimicos Compuestos. Madrid: Hidlguia, 1976.

Kamen, Henry. European Society, 1500-1700. London: Hutchinson, 1984. (ISBN: 0-09-156991-5)

de Cadenas, Vicente Y Viicent. Caballeros de La Orden deSantiago, Siglo XVIII. Madrid: Hidalguia, 1996. (ISBN 8-48-

720469-4)

Rietstap, J. B. Armorial General. Baltimore: GenealogicalPublishing, 1965.

Dominguez, C. Diccionario Hispano de Apellidos y Blasones. 4 Vols. 2001

Rolland, and H.V. Rolland. Illustrations to the Armorial General by J.B. Rietstap. Ramsbury: Heraldry Today, 1967. (ISBN 0-900455-209)

Surnames

Cottle, Basil. The Penguin Dictionary of Surnames, 2nd ed. London: Penguin, 1978.

Magnusson, Magnus. Chambers Biographical Dictionary. 5th ed. Edinburgh: W & R Chambers, 1990

Hanks, Patricia. And Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988. (ISBN 0-19-211592-8)

Robb H. Amanda and Andrew Chesler. Encyclopedia of American Family Names. New York: HaperCollins, 1995 (ISBN0-06-270075-8)

Reaney P.H. And R.M. Wilson. A Dictionary of Surnames. London: Routledge, 1991.

Heraldry

Brooke-Little, J.P. An Heraldic Alphabet. London: Robson,1985. (ISBN 0-86051-320-3 PB)

Puttock, Colonel A.G. Dictionary of Heraldry and RelatedSubjects. London: John Gifford, 1970.

Elvin, C.N. Elvin’s Handbook of Mottoes: Revised WithSupplement and Index by R. Pinches. London: Heraldry Today,1971. (ISBN 0-900455-04-7)Foster, Joseph. Dictionary of

Heraldry: Feudal Coats of Arms and Pedigrees. London: Bracken

Books, 1989. (ISBN 1-85170-309-8)

Rolland, V. & H. V. Rolland: Illustrations to the Armorial general by J. B. Rietstap. Baltimore: Heraldic Book Co., 1967 (6 volumes in 3).

Fox-Davies, Arthur. A Complete Guide to Heraldry. New York: Bonanza, 1978. (ISBN 0-517-26643-1)

Uden, Grant. A Dictionary of Heraldry. London: Longmans,1968. (ISBN 582-15471-9)

Fox-Davies, Arthur. Heraldry: A Pictorial Archive for Artists & Designers. New York: Dover, 1991. (ISBN 0-486-26906-X)

Von Volbroth, Carl-Alexander. Heraldry: Customs, Rules andStyles. London: New Orchard, 1991. (ISBN 1-95079-037-X)

Koller, K. and A. Schillings. Armorial Universal. Brussels: Libraire Encyclopedique, 1951.

Williamson, David. Debrett’s Guide to Heraldry and Regalia. London: Headline Book Publishing, 1992.

Pine, L.G. Heraldry and Genealogy. London: Teach Yourself Books, 1970. (ISBN 0-340-05614-2)

Woodcock, Thomas and John Martin Robinson. The Oxford Guide to Heraldry. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988. (ISBN 0-19-285224-8)

Emigration

Bentley, Elizabeth P. Passenger Arrivals at the Port of New York, 1820-1829. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1999. Maduell, Charles R., compiler. Index of Spanish Citizens Entering the Port of New Orleans between January 1840 and December 1865. New Orleans: the compiler, 1966


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Colletta, John P. They Came In Ships. Salt Lake City: Ancestry, 1993.

Samuelsen, W. David. New York City Passenger List ManifestsIndex, 1820-1824. North Salt Lake, Utah: Accelerated IndexingSystems International, 1986

Conrad, Glenn R. The First Families of Louisiana. Baton Rouge, LA: Claitor’s Publishing, 1970.

Spain, Archivo General De Indias, Sevilla. Catalogo de Pasajeros a Indias durante los Siglos XVI, XVII, XVIII. Edited by the docents of the General Indian Archives under the Director of the Archives, Don Cristobal Bermudez Plata. Sevilla Spain:Imprenta de la Gavidia. 3 vols. Vol. 1, 1509-1534. 1940. 515p.

Diez, Ma. Del Carmen Galbis. Catalogo de Pasajeros a Indias Durante los siglos XVI, XVII, XVIII. Archivo General deIndias Sevilla. Murcia, Spain: Ministerio de Cultura. 1986. Vol.6

Chronological list of passengers to Spanish America (including Florida and Louisiana, 1538-1559). From documents in the “Indian Archives“ in Sevilla, 1509-1790.

Filby, P. William an d Mar K. Meyer. Passenger andImmigration Lists Index. In Four Volumes. Detroit: Gale

Research, 1985. (ISBN 0-8103-1795-8)

Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at Galveston, Texas 1896-1951. National Archives, Washington, D.C.

Canada

Baxter, Angus. In Search of your Canadian Roots: Tracing your Family Tree in Canada. Toronto: MacMillan, 1989. (ISBN 0- 7715-9201-9)

Colombo, John Robert. Colombo’s Canadian Quotations. Toronto: Colombo and Company, 1974.

Beddoe Alan. Canadian Heraldry. Ottawa: Royal HeraldrySociety of Canada, 1981 Cook, Ramsay, Real Belanger and Jean Hamelin. Dictionary of Canadian Biography: 1921 To 1930. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006 (ISBN 0-80-209087-7)

Bercuson, David J. and J.L. Granatstein. Collins Dictionary of Canadian History: 1867 to Present. Toronto: Collins, 1988. (ISBN 0-00-217758-7)

Jackson, Ronald Vern, et al. Canada 1800-1842 Census -Miscellaneous. North Salt Lake, Utah: Accelerated IndexingSystems International, 1989.

Canadian Almanac and Directory -Annual editions. Toronto: Grey House.

Maclean. Rose, George. A Cyclopaedia of Canadian Biography Being Chiefly Men of the Time: a collection of persons distinguished in professional and political life: leaders in the commerce and industry of Canada, and successful pioneers. Toronto: Rose, 1886.

Canadian Who’s Who. Toronto: University of Toronto Press,Published annually

Myers, Jan. Canadian Facts and Dates. Richmond Hill: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1991. (ISBN 1-55041-073-3)

United States

Best, Hugh. Debretts Texas Peerage. New York: Coward-McCann, 1983 (ISBN 0-69-811244-X)

Egle, William Henry. Pennsylvania Genealogies: Scotch-Irish and German. Harrisburg: L. S. Hart, 1886.

Bolton, Charles Knowles. Bolton’s American Armory. Baltimore: Heraldic Book Company, 1964.

Library of Congress. American and English Genealogies in the Library of Congress. Baltimore: Genealogical publishing, 1967.

Bradford, William. History of Plymouth Plantation,1620–1647. Edited by Samuel Eliot Morrison. 2 vols. New York:

Russell and Russell, 1968.

Matthews, John. Matthews’ American Armoury and Blue Book. London: John Matthews, 1911.

Browning, Charles, H. Americans of Royal Descent. Baltimore: Genealogical publishing, 2004 (1911). (ISBN 9-78-080630-0542)

Vermont, E. de V. American Heraldica: A Compilation of Coatsof Arms, Crests and Mottoes of Prominent American FamiliesSettled in This Country Before 1800. New York: HeraldicPublishing Company, 1965.

Crozier, William Armstrong Ed. Crozier’s General Armory: A

Registry of American Families Entitled to Coat Armor. New York: Fox, Duffield, 1904.

Zieber, Eugene. Heraldry in America. Philadelphia, 1895. Repr.

1977, Genealogical Publishing Co.

Australia

Davison, Graeme, John Hirst and Stuart McIntyre Eds. The Oxford Companion to Australian History. South Melbourne: Oxford U. Press, 2001.

Gillen, Mollie. Yvonne Browning and Michael Flynn. The Founders of Australia: A Biographical Dictionary of the First Fleet. Sydney: Library of Australian History 1989.

Fraser, John Foster. Australia: The Making of a Nation. London: Cassell, 1911.

King, Jonathan. The First Fleet: The Convict Voyage That Founded Australia 1787-88. London: Secker & Warburg 1982.

Flynn, Michael, The Second Fleet, Britain’s Grim Convict Armada of 1790. Sydney: Library of Australian History, 1993. (ISBN 0-908120-83-4)

New Zealand

Dictionary of New Zealand Biography: Volume one: 1769-1869. Auckland: Auckland University Press, 1990.

Dictionary of New Zealand Biography: Volume Two: 1870-1900. Auckland: Auckland University Press, 1993.


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Extra Credit goes to José-Manuel Benito at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mota-Castillo _ de _ la _ Mota.jpg for the picture on the

cover.


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