29.2 Neurons Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 31 Topic: 29.2 Nervous System and Neurons Essential...
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Transcript of 29.2 Neurons Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 31 Topic: 29.2 Nervous System and Neurons Essential...
29.2 Neurons Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 31
•Topic: 29.2 Nervous System and Neurons
•Essential Question(s):
1.Draw and label a neuron on pg. 46 in picture bubble map format.
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
29.1-2 Nervous System and Neurons
KEY CONCEPT The nervous system provides the
means by which organ systems communicate and is composed of highly specialized cells.
29.2 Neurons
KEY CONCEPT The nervous system provides one of the means by which organ systems communicate.
29.2 Neurons
• The nervous system controls thoughts, movement, and emotion as well as simpler life processes such as swallowing
29.2 Neurons
• The nervous system works quickly, using chemical and electrical signals.– interconnected network of cells (hardwired)– signals move through cells (neurons)– divided into central nervous system (CNS) and
peripheral nervous system (PNS)- CNS- brain and spinal cord- PNS-network of nerves that transmit messages to and from the
PNS to the CNS
spinal chord
nerves
29.2 Neurons
KEY CONCEPT The nervous system is composed of highly specialized cells.
29.2 Neurons
Cell body
Dendrites
axon
Neurons (aka nerve cells) are cells that can store information and send and receive messages within the nervous system.
• Make up an information network (Like the internet)
neurotransmitter
29.2 Neurons
A Closer Look at Neurons (4m53s)
29.2 Neurons
Neurons are highly specialized cells.
• A neuron has three parts.
1. cell body has nucleus and organelles
1 Cell body
29.2 Neurons
2. dendrites receive messages from neighboring cells
Neurons are highly specialized cells.
• A neuron has three parts.
1. cell body has nucleus and organelles
2 dendrites
29.2 Neurons
3 axon
2. dendrites receive messages from neighboring cells
Neurons are highly specialized cells.
• A neuron has three parts.
1. cell body has nucleus and organelles
3. axon carries messages to other cells
Specialized support cells- such as the myelin sheath- insulate neurons’ axons and helps them send messages
29.2 Neurons Directions: Please make a picture bubble map of this neuron. Use p. 876-879 in your book to help you. Label all major parts of a neuron (cell body, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, axon terminals, action potential, synapse, neurotransmitters). Once all parts are labeled, you need to describe the function of each.
29.2 Neurons
Synapse
Synapse: Gaps between neurons
29.2 Neurons
Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters: Chemical signals released by neurons. Carry information from neuron to neuron.
29.2 Neurons
Dendrites receive action potential
Action Potential: Electrical impulse that carries messages
29.2 Neurons
NEURON
29.2 Neurons
NEURON
29.2 Neurons
NEURON
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NEURON
29.2 Neurons
NEURON
29.2 Neurons
NEURON
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NEURON
29.2 Neurons
NEURON
29.2 Neurons
Dendrites of next neuron
NEURON
29.2 Neurons
Dendrites of next neuron
Synapse (gap)
Axon terminal
Axon terminal: releases neurotransmitters (chemical signals)
29.2 Neurons
Cell body
Dendrites
Check your labels:
axon
Myelin sheath
Axon terminal
NEURON
Action potential
Neurotransmitters
Synapse
29.2 Neurons
Neurons transmit information in the form of electrical and chemical impulses
1. When a neuron is stimulated, it produces an electrical signal (action potential) within that neuron- Electrical Impulse reaches axon terminal
29.2 Neurons
synapse
neurotransmitter
receptorvesicles
2. Before it can move to the next cell it changes into a chemical signal (neurotransmitter)
3. Neurotransmitters (chemicals) release into synapse.
4. Neurotransmitters stimulate next cell.
29.2 Neurons
Neurons and Sensory Neurons (2m59s)
29.2 Neurons
How does the structure of a neuron make it effective in carrying out the functions of the nervous system?
29.2 Neurons
How does the structure of a neuron make it effective in carrying out the functions of the nervous system?
Neurons have long extensions called axons, which allow messages to be carried long distances without having to pass the signal to another cell.
29.2 Neurons Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 33
•Topic: 29.2 Types of Neurons
•Essential Question(s):
1.None.
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
29.2 Types of Neurons
29.2 Neurons
How the Nervous System Works (1m59s)
29.2 Neurons
There are 3 types of neurons:
1)Sensory neurons
2)Interneurons
3)Motor neurons
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1. Sensory Neurons: (Think Senses)• Function: Sensory receptors gather information
from external/ internal environment and carry impulses along sensory neurons to the CNS
• NO INTERPRETATION• Located in PNS
Outside:Light &SoundIntensities
Inside:TemperatureOxygen LevelspH Levels
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2)Interneurons:• Function: Receives signals from sensory neurons and
processes and interprets these messages within the CNS
• Makes decisions on what needs to be done• Sends messages/instructions to motor neurons• Located in CNS
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3)Motor neurons: •Function: Carry nerve impulses out of the brain or spinal cord to effectors
•Effectors: muscles and glands will execute a specific task•Located in the PNS.
29.2 Neurons
Motor Neurons (57s)
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2. ________________
3. ______________
4. _____________
1._______________
5._____________
Key: Motor Neurons Effectors Receptors Sensory Neurons Interneurons
Draw/label on p. 33
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2. Sensory Neurons
3. Interneurons
4. Motor Neurons
1. Receptors
5. Effectors
Key: Motor Neurons Effectors Receptors Sensory Neurons Interneurons
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40
1. 2.
Key: Motor Neurons Effectors Receptors Sensory Neurons Interneurons
3.
4.
5.
29.2 Neurons
Stimuli and Neurons (4m 16s)
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• The nervous system can:• Detect changes in the body• Make decisions based on the info received • Stimulate muscles and/or glands to respond• Counteract changes to maintain homeostasis
In a nutshell….
29.2 Neurons
Give a real life example (Tell a story)
Draw a picture for each
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Types of Neurons “Story” Tree Map (P. 32)
Sensory Neurons Interneurons Motor Neurons
1. The phone rings. The sensory neurons in your ear gather the sound information and send it to the CNS
2. Your brain interprets this information and identifies the sound as the phone ringing. This info is sent to the motor neurons
3. The motor neurons send nerve impulses to your muscles which allow you to answer the phone
• Function • Location
• Function • Location
• Function • Location