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Studies on Suitability of Heat Exchanger to Solar Receivers for Solar Thermal Power Applications D.R.RAJENDRAN & R.PACHAIYAPPAN Asst. Professor/ Mechanical Engg, Adhiparasakthi Engineering College, Melmaruvathur - 603 319. Tamilnadu.

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Studies on Suitability of Heat Exchanger to Solar Receivers for Solar Thermal Power

Applications

D.R.RAJENDRAN

&

R.PACHAIYAPPAN

Asst. Professor/ Mechanical Engg,

Adhiparasakthi Engineering College,

Melmaruvathur - 603 319.

Tamilnadu.

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INTRODUCTION

Point focusing (dish or concentrated) type,

Thermal power generation from concentrated Solar Power (CSP) is based on the solar collector technologies. The important technologies are

line focusing (trough and Fresnel) type

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The point focusing or parabolic concentrators need the receiver with internal cavity absorber and heat transfer system design with limited length and diameter.

To improve heat transfer area and convective heat transferTo enhance overall heat transfer co efficient by Nano fluid

The line focusing collectors are not limited by its receiver length with respect to the trough type.

To increase the heat transfer area with different configuration by porous discs.

To improve Nusselt number by turbulence and drag coefficient for better heat transfer rate.

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• Literature review for existing models

• Design and fabrication of Shell and Helical tube Heat exchanger

• Model and Analyze of porous disc line receiver with CFD

• Simulate the system with different design configurations, working fluids and materials

• Find the parameters for maximum efficiency

METHODOLOGY

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Sl.No.

Journal Name

Author(s) Modification / Material,

Tools used

Observations in Experiment

Results

1 Energy(ELSEVIER)

Marthew Neber , Hohyun Lee

Silicon carbide cylindrical receiver over coiled heat exchanger

L/D =2 Temperature achieved is 1270 k and effectiveness 0.82

2 International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (ELSEVIER)

Fuqiang Wang Yong Shuai.

Porous Media Receiver Influence of Heat flux Radiation

Concentrated direction features of the focal flux affects the radiation flux distribution of cavity receiver.

3 Solar Energy Ramon Ferreiro Gareia,A.Coronal

Internal cavity Structure, Porosity heat transfer surface for closed loop and open loop cycle.

Emittance and .absorptance properties are improved,

4 Solar Energy A.Carotenuto ,F.Renle

Multi cavity Volumetric solar Receiver

The Cavity minimize convective, radiative losses and improve the radiation absorption

Energy balance for a control volume of air and wall.Thermal performance is find out.

LITERATURE REVIEW

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Sl.No.

Journal Name

Author (s) Modification / material,Tools used

Observations in Experiment

Results

5 Renewable Energy

Y.L.He , Z.O. Cheng.

parabolic concentrator with hexagonal entrance, domed quartz window.

The domed quartz window is used to maintain high pressure inside the pressure vessel.

The 3-d structure volumetric air receiver are capable of absorbing high solar flux operating at temperature range of 800 to 10000c Pressure of 1,5 Mpa

6 Solar Energy

X.Daguenet_FriekA.ToutantG.Olalde

The 2-stage absorber with divided modules with SiC channels with straight Fins

Straight Fins are increase the heat exchange area

Increase the heat Transfer co-efficient and better mean temperature is obtained

ɳoverall =40 %

7Solar Energy

Janna Martirek ,

Refractory material with insulation.

Predicted efficiency (ɳth) =32%

For small scale level up to 1MW solar power .

Calculating the energy emitted by the inner surface of the receiverAbsorbing cavity configuration with 3-5 large tube in semi cirle is better in thermal performance.

8Applied thermal engineering

M.J.Montes,A.Roviraeval

Tube Receiver Maintain Uniform Heat Transfer throughout the receiver.

More uniform temperature are achieved at the outlet of the all circuits reducing heating up of central surface.

LITERATURE REVIEW CONTD….

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Sl.No.

Journal Name

Author (s) Modification / material,Tools used

Observations in Experiment

Results

9 Applied Energy

K.RavikumarK.S.Reddy

Porous disc receiver with Various geometry

Heat transfer rate in terms of Nu convective heat transfer co-efficient increased by porous medium

Uniform heat flux is applied over the entire surface of the receiver which increases the overall heat transfer co efficient and Nu with pressure drop.

10 International journal of thermal sciences

R.KandasamyL.Muhaiminev.al

Cu-nanofluid over a porous wedge

Unsteady Hiemeuz flow of Cu-nanofluid in the presence of thermal startification , due to solar energy radiation; Lie group transformation.

Improve receiver performance and absorption

11International Journal of Thermal Sciences

Fengwu Bai silicon carbide ceramic foam

The air flow resistance increases obviously with increasing air outlet temperature

One dimensional analysis of flow and heat transfer process of ceramic foams suggest that there exists an input solar energy flux limit for the unpressurized system, which will lead to limit the power capacity and the outlet air temperature enhancement.

LITERATURE REVIEW CONTD….

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Shell and helical tube heat exchanger with Ag-H2O Nano HTF

Pictures of Experimental Work

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Optimization of parameters using Taguchi analysis

Sl.No. Parameters Parameters Range

1. Tube side flow rate 1-2 lit/min2. Shell side flow rate 1-2 lit/min3. Volume Fraction 0.1-0.3 %

Sl.No.

Tube Side Flow Rate, lpm

Shell Side Flow Rate, lpm

Volume Fraction, %

1 1.0 1.0 0.12 1.0 1.5 0.23 1.0 2.0 0.34 1.5 1.0 0.25 1.5 1.5 0.36 1.5 2.0 0.17 2.0 1.0 0.38 2.0 1.5 0.19 2.0 2.0 0.2

Range of parameters

Orthogonal array

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2.01.81.61.41.21.0

1500

1250

1000

750

500

Mass Flow Rate (mh)

Ov

era

ll H

ea

t Tr

an

sfe

r C

oe

ffic

ien

t(U

o)

WaterAg-water nanofluid

Variable

Scatterplot of Overall Heat transfer coefficient for various fluid medium

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

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2.01.81.61.41.21.0

1400

1300

1200

1100

1000

900

800

700

Mass flow rate of cold fluid (mc)

Overa

ll H

eat

Tra

nsf

er

Coeff

icie

nt

(Uo)

Mass flow rate of hot fluid= 1 lpm

Mass flow rate of hot fluid= 1.5 lpm

Mass flow rate of hot fluid= 2 lpm

Variable

Scatterplot of Overall heat transfer coefficient vs mass flow rate of cold fluid

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

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2.01.81.61.41.21.0

1400

1300

1200

1100

1000

900

800

700

Mass Flow Rate of Hot Fluid (mh)

Ov

era

ll H

ea

t Tr

an

sfe

r C

oe

ffic

ien

t (U

o) Volume Fraction = 0.1 %

Volume Fraction = 0.2 %Volume Fraction = 0.3 %

Variable

Scatterplot overall heat transfer vs mass flow rate of hot fluid

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

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Porous Disc Receiver- Simulation

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The following boundary conditions are applied in the receiver model:

Inlet Boundary Conditions. The flow is having uniform velocity at atmospheric temperature at the

receiver inlet. U = uin, Tf = Tin = 300K at L = 0, 0 ≤ r ≤ di/2, -90° ≤ θ ≤ 90°

Wall boundary conditions: No – slip condition exist at inside the pipe wall

u = 0 at r = di/2, -90° ≤ θ ≤ 90°, 0 ≤ L ≤ 2.

A uniform heat flux is applied of the receiver is subjected to The top half periphery of the receiver is subjected to

q"ut = Ig at r = do/2, 0≤ θ ≤ 90°; 0 ≤ L ≤ 2

HEAT TRANSFER AND FLUID FLOW ANALYSIS OF RECEIVER

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The bottom half periphery of the receiver is subjected to

• q"ub = CR x Ib at r = do/2, -90°≤ θ ≤ 0; 0 ≤ L ≤ 2

• Where CR = Ap/Ar, Ig = 800 W/m², Ib = 600 W/m².

• Zero pressure gradient condition is employed across the outlet boundary.

The following porous medium parameters are considered for the analysis:

• Porosity : φ = 0.37;

• Permeability : Kp = 2.9 x 10-10;

• Form Coefficient : F = 0.24;

Heat Transfer And Fluid Flow Analysis

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Meshed Receiver with Full Porous Disc Meshed Receiver with Top half porous disc

Meshed Receiver with Bottom half Porous disc Meshed Receiver with Alternate Half

Porous disc

Meshed Receiver With Different Orientations

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Results And Discussions For Porous Disc Receiver

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Results And Discussions For Porous Disc Receiver

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Results And Discussions For Porous Disc Receiver

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The study found that the use of Nano fluid (Ag +water ) instead of water as a heat transfer fluid increases the overall heat transfer coefficient .

Increasing the shell side flow rate(water) and helical tube (Nano fluid) side flow rate to 2 lpm and 1.5 lpm respectively increased the overall heat transfer coefficient to 1383.905 w/m2k

The volume fraction of the Nano material in the mixture is 0.1% for maximum heat transfer coefficient.

CONCLUSION

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In the numerical investigation of silicon carbide (SiC) porous disc line receiver found that, the maximum heat transfer was in top half and then, in alternate of top and bottom half discs, which are increasing the heat transfer area, thermal conductivity and turbulence.

The study also explored that the Nusselt number for porous disc receiver is higher than that the tubular receiver for all the Reynolds number in this study.

The increase of the Nusselt number increases the overall heat transfer coefficient.

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Qi Li, Gilles Flamant, Xigang Yuan, Pierre Neveu, Lingai Luo,(2011) compact heat exchangers :A review and future applications for a new generation of high temperature solar receivers, International Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15, pp. 4855-4875.

Matthew Neber, Hohyun Lee, (2012) Design of a high temperature cavity receiver for residential scale concentrated solar power, International Journal of Energy, 47, pp. 481-487.

Kandasamy.R, Muhaimin.I, Azme B.Khamis, Rozaini bin Roslan(2013) Unsteady hiemenz flow of Cu- nanofluid over a porous wedge in the presence of thermal stratification due to solar energy radiation: Lie group transformation, International Journal of Thermal sciences, 65, pp. 196-205.

Buongiorno, (2006) Convective transport in Nano fluid, International Journal of Heat Transfer, 128, pp. 240-250.

Ravi Kumar. K, Reddy.K.S, (2009) Thermal analysis of solar parabolic trough with porous disc receiver, International Journal of Solar Energy, 86, pp. 1804-1812.

REFERENCE

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Daguenet-Frick.X, Toutant. A, Bataille.F, Olalde.G, (2013) Numerical investigation of a ceramic high-tempe rature pressurized-air solar receiver, International Journal of Solar Energy, 90, pp. 164-178.

Janna Martinek, Alan W.Weimer, (2013) Design considerations for a multiple tube solar reactor, International Journal of Solar Energy, 90, pp. 68-83.

Fuqiang Wang, Yong Shuai , Heping Tan , Chunliang Yu (2013) Thermal performance analysis of porous media receiver with concentrated solar irradiation, International Journal of Heat and mass Transfer, 62, pp. 247-254.

He.Y.L, Cheng. Z.D, Cui. F.Q, Li. Z.Y, Li. D,(2012) Numerical investigations on a pressurized volumetric receiver: Solar concentrating and collecting modelling, International Journal of Renewable Energy, 44, pp. 368-379.

Carotenuto A, Reale F, Ruocco G, Nocera U and Bonomo F (1993) Thermal behaviour of a multi-cavity volumetric solar receiver: Design and Tests result, Solar energy, 50, pp.113-121.

REFERENCE Cont….

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PLEASE….any

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