2.4 cancer
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Transcript of 2.4 cancer
Chapter 2: Cell processes and energy
Miss Luzma Fabre
Section 4: Cancer
Cancer is a disease in which cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them
There are more than 100 types of cancer
How cancer begins
Scientists think cancer begins with a mutation, a damage that causes a change in the DNA
Cells begin to divide in an uncontrolled way
First, 1 cell develops in an abnormal way. As this cell divides, it produces more abnormal cells. These cells form a tumor
A tumor is a mass of abnormal cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably
How cancer spreads
Some cancerous cells may enter the bloodstream and spread to other areas of the body
Treating and preventing cancer
3 common ways to treat cancer: surgery, radiation, and drugs that destroy the cancer cells
Surgery
When cancer is detected on a specific organ, surgery is the first option
Doctors remove the tumor
Radiation
If the cancer has spread to other organs or the tumor cannot be removed with surgery, doctors use radiation (uses high energy waves) to destroy fast –growing cancer cells
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to treat a disease. These drugs kill cancer cells or slow their growth
Preventing cancer
Avoid smoking Follow a healthy diet: eat many fruits
and vegetables, avoid foods high in fat such as fatty meats and fried foods
Protect your skin from sunlight