2.21Gender Analysis Tools_Bala Sujit Kumar
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Transcript of 2.21Gender Analysis Tools_Bala Sujit Kumar
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8/6/2019 2.21Gender Analysis Tools_Bala Sujit Kumar
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Gender Analysis Using HarvardGender Analysis Using Harvard Analytical Framework Analytical Framework
Dr. Sujit Kumar BalaDr. Sujit Kumar Bala Associate Professor Associate Professor
Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM)Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM)Bangladesh University of Engineering andBangladesh University of Engineering and
Technology (BUET)Technology (BUET)
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Gender AnalysisGender Analysis
GenderGender analysisanalysis takestakes intointo account account women'swomen's rolesroles ininproduction,production, reproduction,reproduction, andand management management of of communitycommunity andand otherother activitiesactivities..
GenderGender analysisanalysis must must bebe donedone at at allall stagesstages of of thethedevelopment development processprocess. .SocialSocial andand economiceconomic analysesanalyses areare incompleteincomplete without without anan understandingunderstanding of of gendergender andand socialsocial differencesdifferences
andand inequalitiesinequalities. .WithWith aa gendergender analysis,analysis, plannersplanners gaingain aa moremoreaccurateaccurate picturepicture of of communities,communities, naturalnatural resourceresourceuses,uses, householdshouseholds andand waterwater usersusers (GWA,(GWA, 20062006))..
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Concept of Gender AnalysisConcept of Gender Analysis
PracticalPractical gendergender needsneeds highlightshighlights onon women'swomen'simmediateimmediate practicalpractical needsneeds (such(such asas accessaccess totowater)water) ..
StrategicStrategic gendergender needsneeds givegive emphasisemphasis toto addressaddressissuesissues of of equityequity andand empowerment empowerment of of womenwomen andandtarget target factorsfactors that that discriminatediscriminate against against womenwomen..
ThisThis maymay includeinclude thethe accessaccess of of womenwomen toto resourcesresourcesandand benefits,benefits, includingincluding lawslaws andand policiespolicies (such(such asasaccessaccess toto landland oror finance)finance). .
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Gender Analytical FrameworkGender Analytical Framework
A A fewfew gendergender analysisanalysis frameworksframeworks areare mentionedmentionedbelowbelow::HarvardHarvard Analytical Analytical Framework,Framework,MoserMoser (triple(triple roles)roles) Framework,Framework,GenderGender Analysis Analysis Matrix,Matrix,EqualityEquality andand Empowerment Empowerment FrameworkFramework (Longwe),(Longwe),C
apacitiesC
apacities andand Vulnerabilities Vulnerabilities Framework,Framework,PeoplePeople OrientedOriented FrameworkFramework andandSocialSocial RelationsRelations Approach Approach FrameworkFramework
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What are the criteria of HAF?What are the criteria of HAF?
HAF is appealing forHAF is appealing forPractical and handsPractical and hands- -on training.on training.Give a clear picture of the gender division of Give a clear picture of the gender division of labor.labor.Distinguish between access and control of Distinguish between access and control of resources.resources.Easily adaptable.Easily adaptable.
NonNon--threatening and gender neutral; they relythreatening and gender neutral; they relyon facts rather than theory.on facts rather than theory.Designed for data collection.Designed for data collection.
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Harvard Analytical FrameworkHarvard Analytical Framework
TheThe frameworkframework usesuses fourfour interrelatedinterrelatedcomponentscomponents: :
Activity Profile, Activity Profile, Access and Control Profile, Access and Control Profile,Factors Influencing Access and Control andFactors Influencing Access and Control and
Project cycle Analysis.Project cycle Analysis.
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The Harvard Analytical FrameworkHelps to understand gender equality
progress assessment
Activity ProfileTo understand the genderequality progress in terms of income generating activities.
Access and Control ProfileTo understand the gender equalityin terms of access and control overland, water, credit programme and
training due to water project.
Influencing FactorsFrom the analysis of activity and access
and control profile -constraint and
opportunity factors are established.
Project Cycle AnalysisTo understand the practical needs
and strategic needs due to thewater project implementation.
Scaling of the Genderequality Result
CIDA s Rating Scale is used tofor scaling the gender equality
result
Figure 3.3: Flowchart of HAF
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Profile Category Indicator
Activityprofile Productive
Activities
Canal excavation (LGED approach); Blanketstitching; Net preparing; Poultry; Day labor;Small farmer; Field Worker(both harvesting&pre-harvesting period); Post harvestingActivities (such as threshing, and grading,packing, storage and selling of crops, fruits &vegetable);House worker; Business; Serviceholder; Farmer; Fisherman; Van driver;Bamboo business; Garage worker; Villagedoctor and Shopkeeper.
ReproductiveActivities
Collection of fuel ;Control of water for household consumption; Cooking ; Caring forchildren; Caring of cattle; Collection of natural medicine; Post Harvesting Activities(processing, storage& seed preservation of
cereal crop).
CommunityManagementactivities
Attending to funeral, wedding ceremonies;Participation in NGO such as BRAC,PROSHIKA, etc ; Participation in villagemeeting such as local shalish andParticipation in the meeting of WMCA etc.
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Profile Category Indicator
AccessandControl
profile
Economic Resources Benefits
Land; Water;Income andCapital.
Credit programme(NGO and WMA);Operation &maintenance of WRS;Training (NGO andWMA); Canalexcavation as incomesource; Pre-harvestingactivities (such seedpreparation,irrigation); Harvestingactivities (such as daylabor) and PHA (suchas processing of crop
rice, wheat, maize,potato, pulses, oilseeds,vegetables).
Improvedliving
Drinking water; Food; Nutrition; Money;Health; and Sanitation.
Decision
Making
Improved Status in terms of Awareness,
Voice, Mobility and Opportunity; Training of WMA.
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Needs Control Area Intervened Area
Practical Gender
Needs 1. Reducing womens work loadthrough increment of wateravailabilities.
2. Improvement of health & sanitationthrough easy accessibility to waterbasically for women during theirdelivery & menstruation period.
3. Livestock rearing & poultry farmingfacilities through water availabilities.
4. Improving income through access tocredit programme and access tocanal excavation.
1. Improvement of health
through primary healthcenter.
2. Improving income througheasier access of women incredit programme and accessto canal excavation.
3. More job opportunity such asplantation programme of LGED will increase genderempowerment.
Strategic GenderNeeds 1. Capacity building in case of decision making through easy access of women
to training & education programme of LGED & other NGOs.2. More education facilities by LGED or other NGO will make poor women
to get literacy which is a predictor of decision making.3. Creation of job sector so that skilled or trained women could exercise their
knowledge and increase their ability.4. Participation of women in the executive body such as member, union
chairmen, will change the social structure and helpful to raise womensvoice. Thus the social and cultural view will be wide for different religiouswomen.
Project Cycle Analysis
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The influencing Factors of a WR Project The influencing Factors of a WR Project
OpportunityOpportunityWater control structureWater control structureTraining & credit programTraining & credit program
Institutional arrangement Institutional arrangement LegislationLegislationConstraints
FundFund
Less concern on gender issues by LGEDLess concern on gender issues by LGEDWMCA WMCA Norms &valuesNorms &valuesGender disparity in case of recognition of laborGender disparity in case of recognition of labor
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Scale Criteria
Significant Depending on the Harvard Analytical Framework ResultMeets ALL the Following criteria
More gender equality in income generating activity due to water availability.More access and control over the resources such as land, water, capital and income.More access and control over the benefits such as credit, training and agricultural
benefits.Gender equality in case of in Decision making and O&M in WMA.
Encouraging Depending on the Harvard Analytical Framework ResultImprovement of gender equality in income generating activity due to water availability.Improvement of access and control over the resources such as land, water, capital andincome.Improvement of access and control over the benefits such as credit, training andagricultural benefits.
Less participation in case of decision makingGender equality in case of in decision making and O&M in WMA.
Modest Depending on the Harvard Analytical Framework ResultImprovement of gender equality in income generating activity due to water availability .
Less access and control over the resources and benefits
Less access and control over the resources such as land, water, capital and income.Less access and control over the benefits such as credit, training and agriculturalbenefits.
Least participation in case of decision makingGender equality in case of in decision making and O&M in WMA.
Weak There is very less evidence achieved on gender equality depending on HarvardAnalytical Framework Result
Rating
Scale forGenderEquality
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Types of activityTypes of activity Activity profileActivity profile
Without ProjectWithout Project With ProjectWith Project
WomanWoman ManMan WomanWoman ManMan
Productive ActivitiesProductive Activities : :Canal excavation (LGEDCanal excavation (LGEDapproach)approach)
Blanket stitchingBlanket stitching
Net preparing Net preparing
i) Livestock & Poultryi) Livestock & Poultryrearingrearing
Day labor Day labor a) Small farmer a) Small farmer
b) Field Worker b) Field Worker
Post harvesting ActivitiesPost harvesting Activities
House worker House worker
Small BusinessSmall Business
Service holder Service holder
Large Farmer Large Farmer
FishermanFisherman
Van driver Van driver
Garage worker Garage worker
Village doctor Village doctor
Shopkeeper Shopkeeper
Activity Profile
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R eproductive ActivitiesR eproductive Activities
Collection of FuelCollection of Fuel
Collection of water Collection of water
Control of water useControl of water use
Cooking foodCooking food
Washing cloth & platesWashing cloth & plates
Caring for childrenCaring for children
R earing of livestock R earing of livestock
Kitchen gardeningKitchen gardening
Cleaning of toiletsCleaning of toilets
Collection of naturalCollection of naturalmedicinemedicine
PHAPHA
Participation in socialParticipation in socialfunctionfunction
Attending in villageAttending in villagemeetingmeeting
Keeping the drinking water Keeping the drinking water pure pure
Participation in NGOsParticipation in NGOs
Participation in WMCAParticipation in WMCA
MeetingMeeting
Activity Profile
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R esources/ BenefitsR esources/ Benefits Without ProjectWithout Project With ProjectWith Project
Economic empowermentEconomic empowerment AccessAccess ControlControl AccessAccess ControlControl
R esourcesR esources
LandLand
Water Water
Labor Labor
CapitalCapital
BenefitsBenefits
Credit programmeCredit programmeyy NGO NGOyy WMAWMA
Operation &Operation &maintenance of W R Smaintenance of W R S
TrainingTrainingyy NGO NGOyy WMAWMA
Canal excavation asCanal excavation asincome source,income source,
PrePre--harvesting activitiesharvesting activitiessuch seed preparation,such seed preparation,irrigation,irrigation,
Harvesting activitiesHarvesting activitiessuch as day labor,such as day labor,
PHA such as processingPHA such as processingof crop rice, wheat,of crop rice, wheat,maize, potato, pulses,maize, potato, pulses,oilseeds, vegetables .oilseeds, vegetables .
AccessandControlProfile
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Improved well beingImproved well being
Drinking water Drinking water
FoodFood
Nutrition Nutrition
MoneyMoney
HealthHealth
SanitationSanitation
Decision makingDecision making
Improved StatusImproved StatusAwarenessAwarenessVoiceVoiceMobilityMobilityOpportunityOpportunity
KnowledgeKnowledge
Training of WMATraining of WMA
AccessandControlProfile
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Influencing Factors of a WR Project Influencing Factors of a WR Project
Opportunity
Constraints
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Types of Types of NeedsNeeds
Control AreaControl Area Implemented AreaImplemented Area
PracticalPracticalGenderGenderNeedsNeeds
ProjectCycleAnalysis
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ProjectProject
CycleCycle Analysis Analysis
StrategicStrategicGenderGenderNeedsNeeds
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Rating Scale for Gender EqualityRating Scale for Gender Equality
ScaleScale CriteriaCriteria
SignificantSignificant
EncouragingEncouraging
ModestModest
Weak Weak