Department of Electrical EngineeringPoornima Institute of Engineering & Technology

ISI-2, RIICO Institutional Area, Goner Road, Sitapura, Jaipur-302022

Presented By:-

ANIL KUMAR KUMAWAT

IV YEAR EE

A PRESENTATIONON

220KV GSS , RENWAL , JAIPUR

Session: - 2014-2015

Submitted to:-

Mr. AMIT PANDAY

Mr. GAURAV SRIVASTAVA

OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION GENERAL DISCUSSION ON SUB STATION

FEEDERS

Equipments :- Lightning arrester (L.A.) Capacitive voltage transformerWave trap (PLCC) Isolator Instrument transformers :-C.T. & P.T. Circuit breaker :- definition & types Bus bar Power transformer:-introduction & main parts Protective relays :- introduction & Buchhloz relay

SUMMARY

WHY WE NEED GSS ???

Improvement of Reliability

Improvement of economics

Improvement of efficiency

Imrovement of power quality

Improvement of security & safety

Controller of entire power system

SUBSTATION

Part of Electricity Generation

Transmission of Electricity

Distribution of Electricity

Voltage is Transformed High to Low or vice-

versa using TRANSFORMEr

Ex.-400kV/220kV substation

220kV/132kV substation132kV/33kV substation33kV/11kV substation33kV/.4kV substation

220kV GSS RENWAL

It is devided into two parts:-

A. Panel Section Control Panel Section

Relay and Protection Panel Section

B. Switch Yard 220kV Section

132kV section

33kV section

C. Battery Room (Extra)

A. Panel Section

It is a room which contains all types of panels.

It has two sections:-

Control Panel Section

It contain panels related to controlling of instruments. E.g.:- feeder panel, X-mer panel, etc.

Relay And Protection Panel Section

It contains panels related to relay systems and protection systems. E.g.:- Relay panel, line protection panel, etc.

B. Switch Yard

It is the field where components used in controlling supply

and measuring supply(incoming and outgoing) are placed.

Some of these components are:- C.Bs Isolators C.Ts P.Ts L.As X-mers, etc.

220 kV Incoming from HEERAPURA

& REENGAS

LIGHTNING ARRESTORS

CVT

WAVE TRAP

CIRCUIT BREAKER

LINE ISOLATOR BUS

PT with BUS ISOLATOR

ISOLATOR

CT

LA

LA with EARTH SWITCH

132 kV OUTPUT

ISOLATORS with EARTH SWITCH

CT

CAPACITOR BANK

MAIN X-MER

PT with BUS ISOLATOR

CB

ISOLATOR CT

CB

EQUIPMENTSFLOW

220 kV GSS RENWAL

HEERAPURA-220 kV

REENGAS-220 kV

FEEDERS

Hingoniya-132 kV

Champapura-132 kV

Khachriyavas-132 kV

Danta-132kV

Dungari-33 kV

Pachkodiya-33 kV

Renwal-33 kV

Minda-33 kV

Badhal-33 kV

EQUIPMENTS – LIGHTENING ARRESTER

Protect the Insulation & Conductors

of the system from damaging effect of

LIGHTNING

CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER

step down extra high voltage signals.

provide a low voltage signal.

for MEASUREMENT of voltage.

to operate a protective relay.

WAVE TRAP (PLCC)POWER LINE CARRIER COMMUNICATION

exchange of data and transfer of messages between substations.

WAVE TRAP-TRAPPING the unwanted waves.

ISOLATORS

Used for completety DE-ENERGISED the electrical ckt. for SERVICE or

MAINTENANCE.

Separate the circuit at NO LOAD CONDITION.

INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS

Instrument transformers are used for measurement and protective

applications together with equipments such as meters & relays

Types-

- CURRENT TRANSFORMER

- POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER

CIRCUIT BREAKER

Automatically Operated ELECTRICAL SWITCH.

Designed to protect the ckt. from overload or SHORT

CKT.

Separate Healthy & Faulty Section of ckt.

Operate at ON LOAD Condition.

SULPAR HEXAFLUORIDE CIRCUIT BREAKER (SF6)Sulpharhexa fluoride (SF6)

gas is used as the arc

quenching medium . The

SF6 is an electronegative

gas and has a strong

tendency to absorb free

electrons. Circuit breakers

have been developed for

voltage 115KV to 230KV ,

power rating10 MVA

VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKERSVacuum circuit breakers are

circuit breakers which are

used to protect medium and

high voltage circuits from

dangerous electrical

situations

AIR-BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKERFast operations ,suitability for repeated

operation , auto reclosure , unit type multi

break constructions ,simple assembly ,

modest maintenance are some of the

main features of air blast circuit

breakers. A compressors plant necessary

to maintain high air pressure in the air

receiver.

OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER

A high-voltage circuit

breaker in which the arc is

drawn in oil to dissipate the

heat and extinguish the arc;

the intense heat of the arc

decomposes the oil .

TYPES OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS

BUS BAR

A bus bar is a conducting bar that carries heavy currents to

supply several electric circuits.

Made up of copper rod or thin walled tubes.

TYPES:-

- MAIN BUS BAR.

- AUXILIARY BUS BAR

POWER TRANSFORMER

A Static Device.

Transfer Power from One ckt. to Another ckt.

NO Change in FREQUENCY.

Principle-FARADAY ’s LAW of ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION.

Types- 1. STEP UP X-MER::

O/P Voltage > I/P Voltage.

2. STEP DOWN X-MER ::

O/P Voltage < I/P Voltage.

FIGURE-POWER TRANSFORMER

PARTS OF TRANSFORMER

core Winding(H.V winding, L.V winding, tertiary winding)

X-MER OILS PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE BREATHER Conservator RADIATER Tap changer Tank

Protective Relay is a sensing device and

is designed to detect operating

conditions on an electric circuit.

It trips the circuit breaker when fault is

detected.

PROTECTIVE RELAYS

A gas actuated relay. it is installed in b/w the conservatorand the main tank. PRINCIPLE:- Whenever a fault occurs inside the transformers, the oil of the tank gets overheated and gases are generated.The heat generated by the high local current causes the transformer oil to decompose and produce gas which can be used to detect the faults.

BUCHHOLZ RELAY

BATTERY ROOM

DC battery shell be installed in the power house for Protection. Emergency power. Alarm and indication.

TRANSFORMERSAlso known as the heart of substations. These are used to reduce the voltages at appropriate levels

CURRENT VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERSIt is a used in power systems to step down extra high voltage signals and provide a low voltage signal, for measurement or to operate a protective relay

WAVETRAPTraps the high frequency signals

ISOLATORSUsed for maintenance of

the circuit in no load condition

CIRCUIT BREAKER used to protect the

equipment by opening the circuit for over

current and over voltages

LIGHTINING ARRESTERUsed for protecting the equipment from surge

voltages

SUMMARY OF EQUIPMENTs

RELAYUsed to sense the faults

QUERIES ???