2.1 Physical activity and 2.1 Physical activity and HealthHealth

How does physical activity How does physical activity affect our healthaffect our health

(Hauora)(Hauora)

Critical ThinkingCritical Thinking

1.1. State your own opinionState your own opinion2.2. Where did your belief come fromWhere did your belief come from3.3. Who is advantaged by this beliefWho is advantaged by this belief4.4. Who is disadvantaged by this beliefWho is disadvantaged by this belief5.5. Compare beliefs with researchCompare beliefs with research6.6. Consider S.P.E.E.C.H perspectivesConsider S.P.E.E.C.H perspectives (Social, political, economic, (Social, political, economic,

environmental, cultural, historical)environmental, cultural, historical)

““If you are overweight you are If you are overweight you are unhealthy”unhealthy”

Opinion: I agree with this because if you Opinion: I agree with this because if you exercise you won’t be overweightexercise you won’t be overweight

Belief: from the media because they say Belief: from the media because they say overweight people have heart problemsoverweight people have heart problems

Advantaged: anyone wanting people to Advantaged: anyone wanting people to lose weightlose weight

Disadvantaged: anyone who is overweightDisadvantaged: anyone who is overweight

““If you are overweight you are If you are overweight you are unhealthy”unhealthy”

• Evidence to support belief: Evidence to support belief:

overweight eat junk food, no overweight eat junk food, no exercise, heart problems, diabetes, exercise, heart problems, diabetes, stress on jointsstress on joints

S.P.E.E.C.HS.P.E.E.C.H

SocialSocial: society treats over weight : society treats over weight people poorly as they should be people poorly as they should be exercising and not eating badlyexercising and not eating badly

PoliticalPolitical: ‘push play’, government : ‘push play’, government control when fast food ads can be control when fast food ads can be shown on tv, control what is taught shown on tv, control what is taught in health classesin health classes

S.P.E.E.C.HS.P.E.E.C.H

EconomicEconomic: more you earn can afford : more you earn can afford equipment, travel to games, good equipment, travel to games, good food so less likely to be overweightfood so less likely to be overweight

EnvironmentalEnvironmental: active job keep fit, live : active job keep fit, live in city easy access to facilities, in city easy access to facilities, parents healthy influences us, who parents healthy influences us, who our friends areour friends are

S.P.E.E.C.HS.P.E.E.C.H

CulturalCultural: NZ society encourages people : NZ society encourages people to be active, polynesians are larger, to be active, polynesians are larger, sumo in japansumo in japan

HistoricalHistorical: people becoming bigger, : people becoming bigger, models becoming smaller, models becoming smaller, overeating/ eating disorders, ready overeating/ eating disorders, ready mealsmeals

DefinitionsDefinitions

Physical activity:Physical activity: any daily activity that any daily activity that is done as part of a normal routineis done as part of a normal routine

e.g chores, walking to the bus, worke.g chores, walking to the bus, work

DefinitionsDefinitions

Exercise: Exercise: planned, structured activity planned, structured activity that is done to get fit/maintain a that is done to get fit/maintain a healthy weighthealthy weight

e.g playing a sport, going to the gyme.g playing a sport, going to the gym

DefinitionsDefinitions

HealthHealth: positive wellbeing that is : positive wellbeing that is physical, mental/emotional, social, physical, mental/emotional, social, and spiritual. Not just the absence of and spiritual. Not just the absence of illness/disease.illness/disease.

Types of physical activityTypes of physical activity

PlayPlay: making up games, very : making up games, very unstructured, non-competitiveunstructured, non-competitive

GamesGames: structured play, competitive : structured play, competitive and have rulesand have rules

Work related activityWork related activity: chores, walking : chores, walking to work, job (builder, farmer)to work, job (builder, farmer)

HealthismHealthism

The body as a machine (like a car)The body as a machine (like a car)

• CleaningCleaning: daily showers to remove dirt: daily showers to remove dirt

• EnergyEnergy: eat food regularly to give body the : eat food regularly to give body the energy/nutrients neededenergy/nutrients needed

• LubricationLubrication: fluid made by the body so joints/muscles : fluid made by the body so joints/muscles can movecan move

• RepairsRepairs: doctor/physio help fix the body when : doctor/physio help fix the body when injured/sickinjured/sick

• CoolingCooling: drink to hydrate and cool the body: drink to hydrate and cool the body

HauoraHauora

How can tramping be linked to HauoraHow can tramping be linked to HauoraPhysical: walking hard to get to a hut Physical: walking hard to get to a hut

Mental/emotional: Mental/emotional: feeling good feeling good because away because away from daily from daily stressesstresses

HauoraHauora

Social: being with friends on a trampSocial: being with friends on a tramp

Spiritual: Spiritual:

being with naturebeing with nature

Factors that influence a person’s Factors that influence a person’s wellbeing/Healthwellbeing/Health

• Physical activity/exercise/recreationPhysical activity/exercise/recreation• Stress/blood pressureStress/blood pressure• Diet (water, sugar/salt/fat)Diet (water, sugar/salt/fat)• Smoking/Alcohol/drugsSmoking/Alcohol/drugs• Injury/illness/Injury/illness/• Anxiety/depressionAnxiety/depression• Relationships/familyRelationships/family

Influences on HealthInfluences on Health

**PersonalPersonal: own attitudes and : own attitudes and behaviours behaviours

e.g enjoy eating fruit, smoke, exercisee.g enjoy eating fruit, smoke, exercise

Influences on HealthInfluences on Health

**InterpersonalInterpersonal: influence of family and : influence of family and friendsfriends

e.g parents cooking healthy meals,e.g parents cooking healthy meals,

both parents smokeboth parents smoke

Influences on HealthInfluences on Health

**SocietalSocietal: influence of society on : influence of society on healthhealth

e.g junk food ads, alcohol advertising, e.g junk food ads, alcohol advertising, facebook partiesfacebook parties

Damaging behavioursDamaging behaviours

DietingDieting: can lead to eating disorders, : can lead to eating disorders, malnourishmentmalnourishment

Overtraining: Overtraining:

injuries, tired body, injuries, tired body,

can lead to exercise can lead to exercise

addictionaddiction

Damaging behavioursDamaging behaviours

Supplements: Supplements: ok in moderation but ok in moderation but not to replace mealsnot to replace meals

Exercise addiction:Exercise addiction: physical need to physical need to exercise, usually exercise, usually tied in with body tied in with body shape/imageshape/image

Damaging behavioursDamaging behaviours

Drugs: Drugs: taking drugs has a major taking drugs has a major influence on the body (heart, liver, influence on the body (heart, liver, mental health, skin, genitals)mental health, skin, genitals)

Surgery: Surgery:

For obesity orFor obesity or

appearanceappearance

Performance DrugsPerformance Drugs

SteroidsSteroids: builds muscle, faster : builds muscle, faster recovery from training. Any sport recovery from training. Any sport could use themcould use them

Performance drugsPerformance drugs

EPOEPO: more red blood cells to carry O2, : more red blood cells to carry O2, don’t fatigue as quickly,don’t fatigue as quickly,

any endurance sport could use itany endurance sport could use it

Performance drugsPerformance drugs

DiureticsDiuretics: rapidly reduce body : rapidly reduce body weight, weight category sports like weight, weight category sports like boxing, horse racing, wrestlingboxing, horse racing, wrestling

Performance drugsPerformance drugs

NarcoticsNarcotics: masks pain, euphoria: masks pain, euphoria

any sport competing with any injuryany sport competing with any injury

StimulantsStimulants: increased alertness, : increased alertness, reduced fatigue,any sport where reduced fatigue,any sport where reactions are importantreactions are important

Physical ActivityPhysical Activity

FrequencyFrequency: how often you train: how often you train (daily is ideal, 3-4 week ok)(daily is ideal, 3-4 week ok)IntensityIntensity: how hard you train: how hard you train (moderate to hard is best)(moderate to hard is best)Time:Time: how long you train for how long you train for (30-60 minutes is ideal)(30-60 minutes is ideal)Type:Type: how you train how you train (continuous, weights..)(continuous, weights..)

Why people exerciseWhy people exercise

Time outTime out: de stress after work: de stress after work

Improve fitnessImprove fitness: feel fitter/stronger: feel fitter/stronger

CompetitionCompetition: enjoy winning/playing: enjoy winning/playing

Why people exerciseWhy people exercise

EnjoymentEnjoyment: like how it makes them : like how it makes them feelfeel

Maintain body weightMaintain body weight: :

not become fatnot become fat

ChallengeChallenge: like the sense of : like the sense of achievementachievement

Barriers to exerciseBarriers to exercise

Motivation: can’t be botheredMotivation: can’t be bothered

Time: too much else to doTime: too much else to do

Money: can’t afford to do itMoney: can’t afford to do it

Tiredness: too tired all the timeTiredness: too tired all the time

Barriers to exerciseBarriers to exercise

Injury: cant because get injuredInjury: cant because get injured

Lack of knowledge: don’t know howLack of knowledge: don’t know how

Overweight: feel too over weightOverweight: feel too over weight

Lack of skill: can’t co ordinate the Lack of skill: can’t co ordinate the movementsmovements

Personal factors influencing healthPersonal factors influencing health

Age: elderly do less impact exercisesAge: elderly do less impact exercises

Gender: girls more into exercise classes, Gender: girls more into exercise classes, boys contact sportsboys contact sports

Body shape: if overweight feel awkwardBody shape: if overweight feel awkward

Culture: food we eat, clothes we wearCulture: food we eat, clothes we wear

Personal factors influencing healthPersonal factors influencing health

Ability: more skilled more likely to Ability: more skilled more likely to playplay

Income: can afford more equipmentIncome: can afford more equipment

Education: know what to do and why Education: know what to do and why you are doing ityou are doing it