205-180: Ptolemy V Epiphanes 223-187: Antiochus III the Great Dan 11:19 – Then he shall turn back...

205-180: Ptolemy V Epiphanes

223-187: Antiochus III the Great

Dan 11:19 – Then he shall turn back toward the fortresses of his own land, but he shall stumble and fall, and shall not be found.

188: Peace of Apameia enforced onerous terms on Antiochus

187: Antiochus murdered trying to rob a temple in Susa to pay reparations


223-187: Antiochus III the Great

Dan 11:20 – Then shall arise in his place one who shall send an official for the glory of the kingdom; but within a few days he shall be broken, though not in anger or in battle.

188: Peace of Apameia enforced onerous terms on Antiochus

187: Antiochus murdered trying to rob a temple in Susa to pay reparations


187 – 175: Seleucus IV Philopater


180 – 145: Ptolemy VI Philometor





Sent Heliodorus to raid the Jerusalem temple to pay war debt






Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple - Raphael



Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple - Raphael


Later Heliodorus assassinated Seleucus





Tobiads and Oniads originate during this period




Dan 11:21 – In his place shall arise a contemptible person on whom royal majesty had not been conferred; he shall come in without warning and obtain the kingdom through intrigue.


Tobiads and Oniads originate during this period



175 – 164: Antiochus IV Epiphanes






Took control of Syria claiming to rule on behalf of his brother - DemetriusBecame the most hated of the foreign rulers of Jerusalem


Dan 11:22 – Armies shall be utterly swept away and broken before him, and the prince of the covenant as well.


Took control of Syria claiming to rule on behalf of his brother - DemetriusBecame the most hated of the foreign rulers of Jerusalem


Dan 11:22 – Armies shall be utterly swept away and broken before him, and the prince of the covenant as well.


Any resistance to his rule was easily swept away

The “prince” probably refers to Onias III, who would eventually be killed


Dan 11:23 – And after an alliance is made with him, he shall act deceitfully and become strong with a small party.


Any resistance to his rule was easily swept away

The “prince” probably refers to Onias III, who would eventually be killed


Dan 11:23 – And after an alliance is made with him, he shall act deceitfully and become strong with a small party.


Once in control he repudiated his connection to Demetrius

He was able to gain control with a relatively small military force


Dan 11:24 – Without warning he shall come into the richest parts of the province and do what none of his predecessors had ever done, lavishing plunder, spoil, and wealth on them. He shall devise plans against strongholds, but only for a time.


Once in control he repudiated his connection to Demetrius

He was able to gain control with a relatively small military force



Antiochus squandered much of Syria’s wealth buying loyalty among Syrian nobility

He planned eventually to launch a campaign against Egypt and its king Ptolemy




In 174 Antiochus appointed Jason as new high priest in Jerusalem

Jason transformed Jerusalem into a Hellenistic city





In 171 Antiochus deposed Jason and appointed Menelaus high priest

Onias publicly rebuked Menelaus and was executed

Oniads appealed for help to Ptolemy


Dan 11:25 – He shall stir up his power and determination against the king of the south with a great army, and the king of the south shall wage war with a much greater and stronger army. But he shall not succeed, for plots shall be devised against him by those who eat of the royal rations.


In 171 Antiochus deposed Jason and appointed Menelaus high priest

Onias publicly rebuked Menelaus and was executed

Oniads appealed for help to Ptolemy


Dan 11:25 – He shall stir up his power and determination against the king of the south with a great army, and the king of the south shall wage war with a much greater and stronger army. But he shall not succeed, for plots shall be devised against him by those who eat of the royal rations.


Ptolemy’s venture into south Syria provoked a spectacular military response in 170

Ptolemy was betrayed into Syrian hands by some of his closest advisors


Dan 11:26 – They shall break him, his army shall be swept away, and many shall fall slain.


Ptolemy’s venture into south Syria provoked a spectacular military response in 170

Ptolemy was betrayed into Syrian hands by some of his closest advisors


Dan 11:26 – They shall break him, his army shall be swept away, and many shall fall slain.


Ptolemy’s army surrendered after his capture and he was reduced to a puppet under Antiochus

Alexandria appointed Ptolemy’s younger brother king – Ptolemy VIII


Dan 11:27 – The two kings, their minds bent on evil, shall sit at one table and exchange lies. But it shall not succeed, for there remains an end at the time appointed.


Ptolemy’s army surrendered after his capture and he was reduced to a puppet under Antiochus

Alexandria appointed Ptolemy’s younger brother king – Ptolemy VIII


Dan 11:27 – The two kings, their minds bent on evil, shall sit at one table and exchange lies. But it shall not succeed, for there remains an end at the time appointed.


The two negotiated hypocritically to destroy Ptolemy VIII

Antiochus left Ptolemy as puppet and returned home to regroup


Dan 11:28 – He shall return to his land with great wealth, but his heart shall be set against the holy covenant. He shall work his will, and return to his own land.


The two negotiated hypocritically to destroy Ptolemy VIII

Antiochus left Ptolemy as puppet and returned home to regroup


Dan 11:28 – He shall return to his land with great wealth, but his heart shall be set against the holy covenant. He shall work his will, and return to his own land.


Antiochus stopped in Jerusalem to levy a special tax – with help from Menelaus

While gone, Ptolemy VIII drove out Ptolemy VI and took all Egypt


Dan 11:29 – At the time appointed he shall return and come into the south, but this time it shall not be as it was before.


Antiochus stopped in Jerusalem to levy a special tax – with help from Menelaus

While gone, Ptolemy VIII drove out Ptolemy VI and took all Egypt


Dan 11:29 – At the time appointed he shall return and come into the south, but this time it shall not be as it was before.


The challenge to Antiochus’ puppet brought him back in fury in 168

This time, however, the Roman senate intervened to stop Antiochus’ designs


Dan 11:30 – For ships of Kittim shall come against him, and he shall lose heart and withdraw. He shall be enraged and take action against the holy covenant. He shall turn back and pay heed to those who forsake the holy covenant.


The challenge to Antiochus’ puppet brought him back in fury in 168

This time, however, the Roman senate intervened to stop Antiochus’ designs




G. Popillius Laenas drew “a line in the sand”

He took out his anger and humiliation on Jerusalem

Supported by those who forsake the religion of Israel







The Abuses of AntiochusTore down houses to build the Acra fortress

Changed the name of God to “Zeus Olympas”Ordered Jews to sacrifice swine to Zeus

Prohibited Sabbaths, festivals, circumcision

Committed “Abomination of Desolation”

Plundered the temple treasury

Left troops to carry out “reign of terror”


Dan 11:31 – Forces sent by him shall occupy and profane the temple and fortress. They shall abolish the regular burnt offering and set up the abomination that makes desolate.





The Abuses of AntiochusTore down houses to build the Acra fortress

Changed the name of God to “Zeus Olympas”Ordered Jews to sacrifice swine to Zeus

Prohibited Sabbaths, festivals, circumcision

Committed “Abomination of Desolation”

Plundered the temple treasury

Left troops to carry out “reign of terror”


Dan 11:31 – Forces sent by him shall occupy and profane the temple and fortress. They shall abolish the regular burnt offering and set up the abomination that makes desolate.


Antiochus sacrificed a pig in the temple (Dec., 168 )

The temple was “shut down” for three years as a result


Dan 11:32 – He shall seduce with intrigue those who violate the covenant; but the people who are loyal to their God shall stand firm and take action.


Antiochus sacrificed a pig in the temple (Dec., 168)

The temple was “shut down” for three years as a result


Dan 11:32 – He shall seduce with intrigue those who violate the covenant; but the people who are loyal to their God shall stand firm and take action.


The Jewish Hellenists (proto-Sadducees) embraced the pagan worship

The Hasidim (proto-Pharisees) heroically opposed Syrian abuses


Dan 11:33 – The wise among the people shall give understanding to many; for some days, however, they shall fall by sword and flame, and suffer captivity and plunder.


The Jewish Hellenists (proto-Sadducees) embraced the pagan worship

The Hasidim (proto-Pharisees) heroically opposed Syrian abuses


Dan 11:33 – The wise among the people shall give understanding to many; for some days, however, they shall fall by sword and flame, and suffer captivity and plunder.


Faithful teachers continued to lead the people

Tens of thousands were martyred for their faithfulness


Dan 11:34 – When they fall victim, they shall receive a little help, and many shall join them insincerely.


Faithful teachers continued to lead the people

Tens of thousands were martyred for their faithfulness


Dan 11:34 – When they fall victim, they shall receive a little help, and many shall join them insincerely.


The Maccabean Revolt provided “a little help”

Early successes led others to join for less honorable reasons


Dan 11:35 – Some of the wise shall fall, so that they may be refined, purified, and cleansed, until the time of the end, for there is still an interval until the time appointed.


The Maccabean Revolt provided “a little help”

Early successes led others to join for less honorable reasons

The Maccabean Revolt187 – 175: Seleucus IV rules Syria175 – 164: Antiochus IV (Epiphanes)

168: Antiochus launched vicious attack on Jerusalem

167: Events in Modein (about 20 miles from Jerusalem)Syrians came to demand pagan worship

Priest Mattathias kills the Syrians and calls for followers

Launch guerrilla-type campaign against Syrian forces

The Maccabean Revolt187 – 175: Seleucus IV rules Syria175 – 164: Antiochus IV (Epiphanes)

168: Antiochus launched vicious attack on Jerusalem

167: Events in Modein (about 20 miles from Jerusalem)

166: Mattathias dies – Judas continues the campaign

166-165: Wins several surprising victories

165: Took Jerusalem and rededicated the Temple – Dec. 25

Hannukkah celebrates oil that burned 8 days

Called feast of lights – or feast of dedication (John 10:22)

Daniel describes in Daniel 11:34-35

The Maccabean Revolt187 – 175: Seleucus IV rules Syria175 – 164: Antiochus IV (Epiphanes)164 – 162: Civil War in Syria

Judas gathers power and momentum in Israel

Also makes enemies for his highly conservative rules

162 – 150: Demetrius I SoterLiberal Jews appeal to Demetrius to save from Judas

Judas killed in battle of Elasa in 161

Brother Jonathan gathered strength with quiet diplomacy

Demetrius assassinated in 150 by Alexander Balas


162 – 150: Demetrius I Soter150 – 146: Alexander Balas

Bogus claim to the throne challenged by Demetrius II

Jonathan adroitly courted both sides


162 – 150: Demetrius I Soter150 – 146: Alexander Balas146 – 125: Demetrius II Nicator

Appointed Jonathan governor and high priest

Brother Simon appointed governor of Philistine territory

Jonathan died in 142 and Simon negotiated independence

Simon established the Hasmonean Dynasty (140 – 63)

205-180: Ptolemy V Epiphanes 223-187: Antiochus III the Great Dan 11:19 – Then he shall turn back...

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