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2020 International Mock Board Exam Coalition

Canada Queen University Kingston, Ontario

03/12/2020

Midwest (MI) University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI

04/17/2020

Northeast (NY) Tri-Institutional Training Program New York, NY

04/17/2020

Midwest (MN) Mayo Clinic and University of Minnesota St. Paul, MN

04/18/2020

Pacific Northwest Oregon National Primate Research Center Beaverton, OR

04/18/2020

West Coast (Southern CA)

City of Hope/Beckman Research Institute Duarte, CA

04/18/2020

Asia Singapore

04/25/2020

West Coast (Northern CA)

UC Davis Davis, CA

05/02/2020

Midwest (WI) Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, WI

05/03/2020

Mid-Atlantic (MD) Fort Detrick Fort Detrick, MD

05/07/2020

Southeast (NC) NCSU Veterinary School Raleigh, NC

05/16/2020

Midwest (CO) Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO

06/05/2020

Southeast (GA) Yerkes National Primate Research Center Atlanta, GA

06/19/2020

Europe Mock ECLAM Exam

Bologna, Italy 06/26/2020

Written Section – 230 Questions Referenced Answers – 102 Pages

This examination is meant to be used as a study tool when preparing for the ACLAM or ECLAM Certifying Examinations. The material presented in this mock examination follows the ACLAM role delineation document, but is not necessarily reflective of the ACLAM or ECLAM Certifying Examinations.

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2020 Exam Contributors

Asia

Bryan Emmett Ogden, DVM, DACLAM – Coordinator Mynn Michele Dy Varela, DVM Rex Malabanan Manguiat, DVM Jassia Pang, DVM, DACLAM

Yasmina Arditi Paramastri, DVM, DACLAM Sharon Choy Heng Yee, BSc BVMS

Canada Andrew Winterborn DVM, DACLAM - Coordinator

Chereen Collymore DVM, DACLAM David Hanwell MSc DVM DVSc DACLAM

Lise Phaneuf DVM, DVSc, DACLAM Janet Sunohara-Neilson, MSc, DVM, DVSc (LAS)

Patricia Turner MS, DVM, DVSc, DACLAM, DABT, DECAWBM (WSEL)

Europe Michael Wilkinson, DVM, CertLAS, PhD, DiplECLAM - Coordinator

Sandra Barbosa, DVM, MSc, DiplECLAM Sergio Berdun, DVM, PhD, DiplECLAM

Nikola Cesarovic, DrMedVet, PhD ETH, DiplECLAM, DiplSVLAS Gianfranco Di Caro, DVM, PhD

Mid-Atlantic (Maryland) Patty Chen, DVM, DACLAM – Coordinator

LTC Joe Royal, DVM, DACLAM – Coordinator

Midwest (Colorado) Alexa Personett, DVM - Coordinator

Jessica Ayers, DVM, DACLAM Mollie Burton, DVM, MS

Joel Helbling, DVM Elizabeth Houston, DVM, MS

Lon Kendall, DVM, PhD, DACLAM James Owiny, DVM, DACLAM

Midwest (Michigan) Portia Allen, DVM, MS, DACLAM – Coordinator Patrick Lester DVM, MS, DACLAM – Coordinator

Michael Bradley, DVM, DACLAM Zachary Freeman DVM, PHD, DACLAM

Nicole Herndon, DVM, DACLAM Tara Martin, DVM, MS Catherine Si, DVM, MS Ania Skorupski, DVM

Midwest (Minnesota) Jodi Scholz, DVM, DACLAM – Coordinator

Nathan Koewler, DVM DACLAM - Coordinator

Midwest (Wisconsin) Andres F. Mejia, DVM, MS, DACLAM, DACVP – Coordinator

Rebekah Franklin, DVM, DACLAM – Coordinator

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Bettina Gentry, DVM, PhD, DACLAM – Coordinator Melissa Berg, DVM

Jessica Cayton, DVM Katie Chamber, DVM

Jennifer Coonen, DVM, DACLAM Ryan C. Curtis, DVM, MS

Greg Daggett, DVM, MLAS Ryan Dashek, DVM

Casey Fitz, DVM Sammy Gerb, DVM

Kevin Gustafson, DVM Michelle Harke, DVM Gabi Hofmann, DVM Emily Knebel, VMD

Naomi Lee, DVM, MS Brigitte Raabe, DVM, DACLAM Heather Simmons, DVM, DACVP

Saverio “Buddy” Capuano, DVM, DACLAM Lauren Wierenga, DVM

Sarah Young, DVM

Northeast (NY) Kathleen Ma, DVM - Coordinator

Rachel Brownlee, DVM, DACLAM Amanda Carlson, DVM

Christopher Cheleuitte-Nieves, PhD, DVM, DACLAM Leslie Lynn Diaz, DVM, MPH, DACLAM

Catalina Echeverri, DVM Rebecca Floyd, DVM

Mandy Kain, DVM, MSc Sean Kelly, VMD

Kvin Lertpiriyapong, PhD, DVM, DACLAM Christine Lieggi, DVM, DACLAM

Sara J. Mangosing, DVM, MSc Heather R. Martin, DVM Gerardo Mendoza, DVM

Sébastien Monette, DMV, MVSc, DACVP Alessandra Piersigilli, DVM, PhD, DECVP

Pacific Northwest Nicholas Reyes, DVM, MS, DACLAM – Coordinator Jennifer Sargent, DVM, MS, DACLAM – Coordinator Jeffrey Stanton, DVM, MA, DACLAM - Coordinator

Sarah Alaniz, DVM Alan Avalos, DVM

Jourdan Brune, DVM Tom Chatkupt, DVM

John DenHerder, DVM Daniel Eldridge, DVM

Christopher Gow, DVM Tiffany Lavinder, DVM Becky Lovasz, DVM

Rhonda MacAllister, DVM Leandra Mosca DVM

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Yogi Rajawat, DVM, PhD Kristin Zabrecky, DVM

Southeast (GA) Sherrie Jean, DVM, DACLAM – Coordinator

Southeast (NC) Victoria K. Baxter, DVM, PhD, DACLAM - Coordinator

Steven Shipley, DVM, DACLAM – Coordinator Nicole Bacarella, MLAS, VMD

Calvin Carpenter, DVM DACLAM Sheba Churchill, DVM, DACLAM

Michelle Creamer-Hente, DVM, MS, DACLAM Greg Dugan, DVM

Jenny Estes, DVM, MS Jeffrey Everitt, DVM, DACLAM, DACVP, FIATP

Richard Fish, DVM, PhD, DACLAM Ilana Galex, DVM, MLAS

Nneka George, DVM, DACLAM Virginia Godfrey, DVM, PhD, DACVP

Tracy Heenan, DVM, CPIA Brendan Johnson, DVM

Angela King-Herbert, DVM, DACLAM David M. Kurtz, DVM, PhD, DACLAM

Chelsea D. Landon, DVM, PhD Charles Tyler Long, DVM, DACLAM, DABT, CPIA

Gwendolyn McCormick, DVM, MS, DACLAM Marnie Metzler, DVM, PhD, DACLAM

Erin Mitchell, DVM Stephanie Montgomery, DVM, PhD, DACVP

Derek Norford, DVM, MS, PhD Tolu Olagbaju, DVM Karen Oppelt, DVM

Adriel Otero Segui, DVM Nicolette Petervary, VMD, DACAW Allison R. Rogala, DVM, DACLAM

Felicitas Smith, DVM, DACLAM Donna Webb-Wright, DVM

Julia W. Whitaker, DVM, MS, DACLAM Chandra Williams, DVM, DACLAM

Nayoung Yi, DVM, PhD Richard Young, DVM, DACLAM

West Coast (Northern California) Rhonda Oates, DVM, MPVM, DACLAM - Coordinator

Stephen Felt, DVM, DACLAM – Coordinator Brian Zude, DVM– Coordinator

Alexandra Blaney, DVM Kelsey Elizabeth Carroll, DVM

Dave Chu, DVM, DACLAM Allyson Kingsley Davis, DVM Kristopher G. Galang, DVM

Alexandria Hicks-Nelson, DVM, MS Zoe Hsi, DVM

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Kelly Jenson, DVM, DACLAM Erin Katz, DVM

Kristina Lau, DVM, MLAS Betty Ma, DVM, DACLAM

Andrea D. Moffitt, DVM, MLAS Kaela Lee Navarro, DVM, MS

Samantha C. Puglisi, DVM Jacob H. Theil, DVM, MPVM Amber Rae Williams, DVM

Karen Nicole Woodward, DVM

West Coast (Southern California) Trinka Adamson, MS, DVM, DACLAM – Coordinator

James Finlay, DVM, PhD, DACLAM - Coordinator Yvonne Cornejo, DVM

Leo Holguin, DVM Marissa Saenz, DVM

Melanie Sailor, MLAS, DVM Rose Tu, DVM

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1. Which statement best describes the sexual dimorphism observed in bullfrogs? a. Male has tympanum larger than the eye and develops keratin pads on their thumbs b. Male has tympanum the same diameter as the eye and develops keratin pads on their

thumbs c. Female has tympanum the same diameter as the eye and develops keratin pads on their

thumbs d. Female does not have tympanum and does not develop keratin pads on their thumbs Answer: a. Male has tympanum larger than the eye and develops keratin pads on their thumbs Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 18 – Biology and Disease of Amphibians, p. 943 Domain 1; Tertiary Species – Other Amphibians 2. Which of the following injectable anesthetics has no known active metabolites and 90% of it is excreted in the urine? a. Avertin b. Ketamine c. Pentobarbital d. Propofol e. Xylazine Answer: d. Propofol References: 1) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Anesthesia and Analgesia for Laboratory Rodents, pp. 257-261 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 24 - Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia and Euthanasia, pp. 1140-1141, 1143 Domain 2 3. The Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test has been validated and accepted by Federal agencies as an alternative for which of the following animal models for screening product toxicity? a. Rabbit Pyrogen Test b. Rabbit Draize Test c. Guinea Pig Maximization Test d. Mouse LD50 Botulinum Toxin Potency Bioassay Answer: b. Rabbit Draize Test

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References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 39 – Animal Welfare, PP 1659-1660. 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section I – General, Chapter 1 – Ethical Considerations and Regulating Issues, p. 9 Domain 3; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 4. All of following statements apply to management and husbandry of Syrian hamsters EXCEPT? a. Placement of feed directly on the cage floor is preferred for both adult and young

hamsters b. Exposure to cold stimulates hamsters to gather food and to hibernate at a temperature

of approximately 5oC c. Breeding pairs/trios should include a male hamster that is younger than the female(s) d. Providing nesting material is recommended as hamsters of both sexes make nests Answer: c. Breeding pairs/trios include a male hamster that is younger than the female(s) References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – Biology and Diseases of Hamsters, pp. 215-219 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section IV – Hamsters, Chapter 28 – Management, Husbandry, and Colony Health, pp. 767-770 Domain 4; Secondary Species – Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) 5. According to the AVMA Guidelines for Euthanasia of Animals (2013 Edition), which of the following would be considered unacceptable in mice? a. Carbon monoxide b. Decompression c. Intraperitoneal injection of 70% ethanol d. Microwave irradiation Answer: b. Decompression References: 1) American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013. AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition, pp. 48-49, 99, 102 https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/resources/euthanasia.pdf 2) Allen-Worthington et al. 2015. Intraperitoneal Injection of Ethanol for the Euthanasia of Laboratory Mice (Mus musculus) and Rats (Rattus norvegicus). JAALAS 54(6):769-778 Domain 5; Primary Species - Mouse (Mus musculus)

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6. Which of the following interagency initiatives was formed to improve animal welfare and increase compliance with federal standards while minimizing regulatory burden using an active learning pedagogy to increase the effectiveness of adult education? a. CBRA b. ICARE c. OLAW d. PRIM&R e. SCAW Answer: b. ICARE References: 1) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK500448/#app12_3 2) National Institutes of Health, Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. https://olaw.nih.gov/education/icare-interagency 3) https://scaw.com/mission-statement/ 4) www.primr.org › About Us Domain 6 7. The IHD-T strain of vaccinia virus is used to protect mice against _____ virus, which can cause fatal disease in several mouse strains. Due to differences in innate and adaptive immunity, as well as genetics, which strain of mouse is highly resistant to the clinical disease of this virus? a. Ectromelia; BALB/c b. Ectromelia; C57BL/6 c. Mouse Hepatitis Virus; A/J d. Polyoma Virus; C57BL/6 Answer: b. Ectromelia; C57BL/6 References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, pp. 74, 77 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Mousepox, pp. 80, 87-88 Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 8. A small amount of blood may be collected safely from which of the following sites in a zebra finch? a. Cranial vena cava b. Lateral saphenous vein c. Left jugular vein

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d. Right jugular vein

Answer: d. Right jugular vein Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 23 – Zebra Finches in Biomedical Research. p. 1119 Domain 3; Tertiary Species - Other Birds 9. Gnotobiotic female mice are generally known to reproduce poorly, in part, by elongation of which stage of their estrus cycle? a. Diestrus b. Estrus c. Metestrus d. Proestrus Answer: a. Diestrus References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 26 – Gnotobiotics, p. 1287 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 3 - Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models, Chapter 7 – Gnotobiotics, p. 219 3) Werner et al. 2015. Maintaining and monitoring the defined microbiota status of gnotobiotic rodents. ILAR Journal 56(2):241-249 Domain 4; Primary Species - Mouse (Mus musculus) 10. Which of the following provides recommendations on proper necropsy, trimming, orientation and the number of sections per organ for rodent models? a. ARRIVE guidelines b. INHAND guidance c. MINPEPA guidelines d. RENI guides Answer: d. RENI guides References: 1) Knoblaugh et al. 2018. Pathology Principles and Practices for Analysis of Animal Models. ILAR Journal 59(1):40-50 2) Kilkenny et al. 2010. Improving Bioscience Research Reporting: The ARRIVE Guidelines for Reporting Animal Research. PLoS Biol 8(6): e1000412. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1000412 3) https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/arrive-guidelines

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4) Scudamore et al. 2016. Recommendations for minimum information for publication of experimental pathology data: MINPEPA guidelines. Journal of Pathology 238(2):359-67 Domain 5 11. Amyloidosis is a condition commonly seen in older hamsters but can also be experimentally induced with regular injections of what substance? a. Casein b. Freund’s adjuvant c. 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) d. Streptozotocin Answer: a. Casein References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – The Biology and Diseases of Hamsters, p. 229 2) Barthold SW, Griffey SM, Percy DH. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 3 – Hamster, p. 194 Domain 1; Secondary Species – Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) 12. When do neonatal altricial rodents develop pain perception? a. 3 days b. 5 days c. 7 days d. 10 days Answer: b. 5 days Reference: 1) American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013. AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition, p. 50 https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/resources/euthanasia.pdf Domain 2; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 13. Which of the following is one of the most common causes of contamination when working with flexible-film isolators? a. Blocked blower b. Damaged gloves c. Loss of pressure d. Use of transfer sleeves Answer: b. Damaged gloves References:

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1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 26 - Gnotobiotics, p. 1282. 2) Schoeb TR and Eaton KA, eds. 2017. Gnotobiotics, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Principles of Establishing and Operating a Gnotobiotic Facility, p. 46 Domain 3 14. According to the 8th Edition of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals what level of intracage ammonia necessitates a change in bedding to prevent irritation of mucous membranes in mice? a. 2 ppm b. 10 ppm c. 25 ppm d. 50 ppm e. No limit is specified Answer: e. No limit is specified References: 1) M Eichner et al. Effects of Intracage Ammonia on Markers of Pulmonary Endothelial Integrity in Mice Housed in Static Microisolation Cages. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2018 Jan 1;57(1):18-23. 2) MA Bellin et al. Evaluation of a Synthetic Bedding Substrate for Mice (Mus musculus). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2019 Mar 1;58(2):154-159 3) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing, and Management, p. 70-71. Domain 4; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 15. Which of the following nonhuman primate species belongs to CITES status I? a. Macaca assamensis (Assam macaque) b. Macaca nigrescens ( Gorontalo macaque) c. Macaca silenus (Lion tailed macaque) d. Macaca sinica (Toque macaque) Answer: c. Macaca silenus (Lion tailed macaque) References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 - Nonhuman Primates, p. 800 2) https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php Domain 5; Primary Species - Macaques (Macaca spp.)

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16. All of the following statements apply to protozoal infection in rodents EXCEPT? a. Entamoeba muris is considered non pathogenic b. Gerbils are considered highly susceptible to infection with human forms of Giardia

spp. c. Rats, mice, Syrian hamster and gerbils can be infected with Tritrichomonas muris d. Spironucleus muris inhabits the cecum and colon Answer: d. Spironucleus muris inhabits the cecum and colon References: 1) Baker DG, ed. 2007. Flynn’s Parasites of Laboratory Animals, 2nd edition. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa, USA. Chapter 11 – Parasites of Rats and Mice, pp. 310-314 and Chapter 13 - Parasites of Gerbils, pp. 413 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 - Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 122 Domain 1 17. Which species has historically been used to study biliary physiology and the pathophysiology of gallstone formation? a. Cynomys ludovicianus b. Ictodomys tridecemlineatus c. Marmota monax d. Mustela putorius furo e. Urocitellus richardsonii Answer: a. Cynomys ludovicianus References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 7 – Biology and Diseases of Other Rodents, p. 293. 2) Browning et al. 2019. Comparison of dexmedetomidine-ketamine-midazolam and isoflurane for anesthesia of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). JAALAS 58(1):50-57 Domain 3; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents 18. Which of the following statements best describes the face velocity and airflow pattern of a Class II B2 Biosafety Cabinet? a. 75 lfm; 70% air exhausted through HEPA into room b. 75 lfm; 30% recirculated, 70% exhausted c. 100 lfm; 70% recirculated, 30% air exhausted through HEPA to room d. 100 lfm; no recirculation, total exhaust to the outside through a HEPA filter Answer: d. 100 lfm; no recirculation, total exhaust to the outside through a HEPA filter

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References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 36 – Design and Management of Research Facilities, pp. 1576-1577 2) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institutes of Health. 2009. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. 5th ed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Appendix A: Table 2, p. 311 https://www.cdc.gov/labs/pdf/CDC-BiosafetyMicrobiologicalBiomedicalLaboratories-2009-P.PDF Domain 4 19. According to Animal Welfare Regulations, what is the maximum number of dogs, 8 weeks of age or older, that are of comparable size, that may be transported in one crate (via ground transport)? a. 12 b. 10 c. 8 d. 4 e. 2 Answer: d. 4 References: 1) 1) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 3 – Standards, Subpart A – Specifications for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment, and Transportation of Dogs and Cats1§3.14- Primary enclosures used to transport live dogs and cats. (g) (1), 2017, pg. 130. Domain 5; Primary species- Dog (Canis familiaris) 20. Which of the following is FALSE regarding breeding management of rabbits? a. Vaginal cytology is generally unreliable for determining receptivity b. Does should be brought to the buck’s cage for mating c. Pregnancy can be confirmed by radiography as early as day 11 d. Both anterior and breech presentations are considered normal e. Does typically nurse their litters 2-4 times per day Answer: e. Does typically nurse their litters 2-4 times per day References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, p. 420. 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section II – Rabbits, Chapter 9 – Rabbit Colony Management and Related Health Concerns, p. 230-232. Domain 4; Primary Species – Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

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21. What is the mechanism of action of nalbuphine?

a. Partial mu agonist b. Mu and kappa agonist-antagonist c. Full kappa antagonist d. Full mu agonist

Answer: b. Mu and Kappa agonist-antagonist References:

1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 24. Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia, p. 1143

2) Flecknell, P. (2015). Laboratory animal anesthesia. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Analgesia and Postoperative Care, p. 183

22. What effect can cyclophosphamide, an alkylating agent used for immunosuppression in many animal models, have on hematology? a. Eosinophilia b. Lymphocytosis c. Lymphopenia d. Monocytosis Answer: c. Lymphopenia References: 1) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Mouse Adenoviruses, pp. 60. 2) Brochu et al. 2018. Effects of nesting material on the toxicologic assessment of cyclophosphamide in Crl: CD1 (ICR) mice. JAALAS. 57(4):340-349 Domain 3 23. Unionized ammonia ________ with rising temperatures, and ________ with rising pH. a. Decreases, decreases b. Decreases, increases c. Increases, decreases d. Increases, increases Answer: d. Increases, increases References: 1) Green, S.L. 2010. The Laboratory Xenopus sp. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 2 – Husbandry, pp. 19-62 2) Harper C, Lawrence C. 2010. The Laboratory Zebrafish. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 3, pp. 85-120

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3) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 – The Biology and Management of the Zebrafish, pp. 1025 Domain 4 24. According to the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations, when transporting rhesus macaques, the ventilation openings on the primary enclosure should be at least what percent of the total surface area of each wall for openings located on two opposite walls and all four walls, respectively? a. At least 10% if on two opposite walls, and at least 5% if on all four walls b. At least 12% if on two opposite walls, and at least 6% if on all four walls c. At least 14% if on two opposite walls, and at least 7% if on all four walls d. At least 16% if on two opposite walls, and at least 8% if on all four walls e. At least 20% if on two opposite walls, and at least 10% if on all four walls Answer: d. At least 16% if on two opposite walls, and at least 8% if on all four walls References: 1) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 3 – Standards, Subpart D—Specifications for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment, and Transportation of Nonhuman Primates §3.87 – Primary enclosures used to transport nonhuman primates (c) Ventilation (i-ii) (May 2019 Edition, p. 183) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf Domain 5; Primary Species – Macaques (Macaca spp.) 25. All of the following statements apply to compassion fatigue EXCEPT? a. Performance of euthanasia is regarded as one of the most significant contributors to

the development of compassion fatigue b. Compassion fatigue results in reduced empathy for others c. Compassion fatigue may have an effect on the quality of animal care d. Well-trained staff members are more likely to experience compassion fatigue related

to performing euthanasia Answer: d. Well-trained staff members are more likely to experience compassion fatigue related to performing euthanasia References: 1) Newsome et al. 2019. Compassion Fatigue, Euthanasia Stress, and Their Management in Laboratory Animal Research. JAALAS 58(3):289–292 2) https://www.avma.org/resources/wellbeing/work-and-compassion-fatigue Domain 6 26. Which of the following etiological agents is thought to cause emaciation and severe inflammatory lesions in the intestine of Danio rerio?

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a. Mycobacterium chelonae b. Myxidium spp. c. Pseudocapillaria tomentosa d. Pseudoloma neurophila Answer: c. Pseudocapillaria tormentosa References: 1) Kent et al. 2012. Documented and potential research impacts of subclinical diseases in zebrafish. ILAR Journal 53(2):126-134 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 – The Biology and Management of Zebrafish, pp. 1039-1040, 1046-1047, 1052-1053 Domain 1; Primary Species - Zebrafish (Danio rerio) 27. Which of the following statements best describes ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation in laboratory mice? a. Allows the preservation of a greater number of oocytes b. Does not require modified culture conditions for success c. Is an efficient method of expanding mouse colonies d. Recovery of cryopreserved ovaries is reliable Answer: a. Allows the preservation of a greater number of oocytes References: 1) Flurkey K, Currer JM, Leiter EH, Witham B, eds. 2009. The Jackson Laboratory Handbook on Genetically Standardized Mice, 6th edition. The Jackson Laboratory: Bar Harbor, ME. Appendix J - Cryopreservation, p. 342 https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/MediaLibraries/URMCMedia/animal-resource/forms/documents/JAX-Handbook-Genetically-Standardized-Mice.pdf 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 – History, Wild Mice, and Genetics. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 11 – Gamete and Embryo Manipulation, pp. 219-220 Domain 3; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 28. Which of the following would provide appropriate housing for Mustela putorius furo? a. 85-90°F with 50% humidity on a 12:12 hour light:dark cycle b. Group housed kits with clay litter c. Housed adjacent to a mouse breeding colony d. Individual housing of adult intact breeding males Answer: d. Individual housing of adult intact breeding males References:

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1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 14 – Biology and Diseases of Ferrets, pp. 578-579 2) Ball RS. 2006. Issues to consider in preparing ferrets as research subjects in the laboratory. ILAR Journal 47(4):348-357 Domain 4; Secondary Species – Ferret (Mustela putorius furo) 29. According to the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations, the IACUC is required to conduct a program review and facility inspection at least once every _______ months and must create a report expressing any minority views and provide it to the _______. a. 3; President and Institutional Official (IO) b. 6; IO c. 6; Attending Veterinarian (AV) d. 6-12; AV e. 12; AV Answer: b. 6; IO References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations, and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, p. 26 2) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 2 – Regulations, Subpart C – Research Facilities, §2.31 - Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, (c) IACUC functions (1-3) (May 2019 Edition, p. 57) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf Domain 5 30. Rabbits lack which category of immunoglobulin? a. IgA b. IgD c. IgE d. IgG e. IgM Answer: b. IgD References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – The Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, p. 414 2) Barthold SW, Griffey SM, Percy DH. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 6 – Rabbit, p. 255 Domain 1; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

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31. ______ solvents should not be used in areas with UV radiation due to the creation of phosgene, a lung irritant. a. Alcohol b. Aldehyde c. Chlorinating d. Iodinated e. Oxidative

Answer: c. Chlorinating Reference: 1) National Research Council. 1997. Occupational Health and Safety in the Care and Use of Research Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Chapter 3 – Physical, Chemical, and Protocol-Related Hazards pp. 37. Domain 4 32. Which of the following sample collections sites can be used for obtaining blood volumes greater than 1 ml in Cynomys ludovicianus?

a. Jugular vein only b. Jugular vein and femoral vein c. Femoral vein and vena cava d. Jugular vein, femoral vein, or vena cava e. Vena cava only

Answer: d. Jugular vein, femoral vein, or vena cava Reference: 1) Head et al. 2017. Techniques for nonterminal blood sampling in black-tailed prairie dogs. JAALAS 56(2):210-213 Domain 3; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents 33. Which of the following valves, when placed within an automatic watering system for rodents, could aid in providing a means of computer controlled, higher-pressure water flushing to reduce microbial biofilm production? a. Flutter valve b. Lixit valve c. Solenoid valve d. Venturi valve

Answer: c. Solenoid valve References: 1) Hessler JR and Lehner NDM, eds. 2009. Planning and Design Research Animal Facilities. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 32 – Plumbing: Special Considerations, pp. 434, 438, 444-445

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2) Molk et al. 2013. Sanitization of an automatic reverse-osmosis watering system: removal of a clinically significant biofilm. JAALAS 52(2):197-205 Domain 4 34. Who at NIH shall serve as a focal point for information on recombinant or synthetic nucleic acid molecule activities and provide advice to all within and outside NIH? a. Biological Safety Officers b. Office of Science Policy c. Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee d. The NIH Director Answer: b. Office of Science Policy (OSP) Reference: 1) NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules. Section IV-C-2. Office of Science Policy. (April 2019 edition, p..35) https://osp.od.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/NIH_Guidelines.pdf Domain 5 35. Several African clawed frogs were noted to have lost body condition despite having a good appetite. Physical examination revealed discrete yellow-white dermal nodules. Acid-fast organisms were observed in biopsy samples. What is the most appropriate control strategy? a. Decrease stress by acclimating animals to daily handling b. Euthanize affected animals and identify predisposing factors c. Treat system with enrofloxacin to eliminate carriers: 500 mg/L x 8 hours q24h d. Treat with formaldehyde: 200 ppm in a water bath continuously for 3 days Answer: b. Euthanize affected animals and identify predisposing factors References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 18 – Biology and Diseases of Amphibians, p. 951 2) Green SL. 2010. The Laboratory Xenopus sp. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 4 – Veterinary Care, pp. 80-81 Domain 1; Secondary Species – African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis) 36. Which of these genetic mutation methods uses a ribonucleoprotein complex with a protein and a guide RNA that binds Cas9 and guides it to the DNA of interest, creating a germline mutation, which can be passed on to offspring? a. CRISPR/Cas system b. ENU injection c. Somatic cell nuclear transfer d. TALENs e. Zinc-finger nuclease

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Answer: a. CRISPR/Cas system References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 32 - Genetically Modified Animals, pp. 1426, 1418-1427 2) Robert Marini, Lynn Wachtman, Suzette Tardif, Keith Mansfield, James Fox, eds. 2019. The Common Marmoset in Captivity and Biomedical Research. 1st edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 - Creating Genetically Modified Marmosets, p. 346 3) Scaduto. 2016. Methods for creating transgenic primates. Lab Anim (NY) 45(8):291–292 Domain 3 37. All of the following are considered reliable permanent methods of identifying an individual Xenopus laevis EXCEPT? a. Injected or implanted transponder tag b. Injected or implanted elastomers c. Photograph or drawing of color patterns d. Suturing a bead to the cutaneous layer of the skin Answer: d. Suturing a bead to the cutaneous layer of the skin References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 18 – Biology and Diseases of Amphibians, pp. 937-938. 2) Green, SL. 2009. The Laboratory Xenopus sp., 1st edition. CRC Press. Chapter 2 – Husbandry, pp. 56-57. 3) Schultz and Dawson. 2003. Housing and husbandry of Xenopus for oocyte production. Lab Anim (NY) 32(2):34–39 Domain 4; Secondary Species – African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis) 38. According to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, which of the following is a MUST for management of aquatic species? a. Appropriate biofilter size b. Enclosures that prevent escape c. Minimizing air particulates in water d. Training in water quality parameters Answer: a. Appropriate biofilter size Reference: 1) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing, and Management, pp. 80, 82, 85 https://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals.pdf

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Domain 5 39. If a sentinel mouse tested positive for MPV on serology, what test would be the gold standard confirmatory test to verify the result? a. Fecal PCR b. Histopathology c. Nasal swab PCR d. PCR of mesenteric lymph node Answer: d. PCR of mesenteric lymph node References 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 11 – Microbiological Quality Control for Laboratory Rodents and Lagomorphs, p. 497. 2) Hedrich HJ. 2012. The Laboratory Mouse, 2nd edition. Academic Press: London. Chapter 3.2 – Neoplasms and Infectious Diseases, pp. 440-441 Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 40. Which agent has the mildest respiratory depressant properties in rabbits? a. Buprenorphine b. Hydromorphone c. Methadone d. Morphine Answer: a. Buprenorphine References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 24 - Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia, p. 1156 2) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 11– Anesthesia and Analgesia in Rabbits, pp. 324-326 Domain 2; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 41. The spontaneous recessive mutation in the ____ gene in ____ mice makes them a good model for limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2B. a. Calderin 23, 129 b. Dysferlin; SJL c. Melanocortin 1 receptor gene, RBF d. Tyrp1b; A/HeJ Answer: b. Dysferlin; SJL

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References: 1) Flurkey K, Currer JM, Leiter EH, Witham B, eds. 2009. The Jackson Laboratory Handbook on Genetically Standardized Mice, 6th edition. The Jackson Laboratory: Bar Harbor, ME. Chapter 4 - Characteristics of Popular Strains of JAX® Mice, Including Reproductive Performance, p. 132 https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/MediaLibraries/URMCMedia/animal-resource/forms/documents/JAX-Handbook-Genetically-Standardized-Mice.pdf 2) Fox J, Davisson M.T., Quimby F.W., Barthold S.W., Newcomer C.E. and Smith A.L, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd Edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 25 – Spontaneous Diseases in Commonly Used Mouse Strains, p. 654. Domain 3; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 42. Which of the following significant changes to an approved IACUC protocol MAY NOT be handled administratively via the Veterinary Verification and Consultation process, as outlined in the NIH Notice NOT-OD-14-126? a. Change in anesthesia or analgesia b. Change in duration, frequency, type, or number of procedures performed c. Change in species used d. Change in euthanasia to any method approved in the AVMA Guidelines for the

Euthanasia of Animals Answer: c. Change in species used References: 1) National Institutes of Health. Guidance on Significant Changes to Animal Activities. Notice NOT-OD-14-126. (National Institutes of Health, Washington, DC, 26 August 2014). 2) Kendall et al. 2017. Veterinary verification and consultation: implementation of OLAW guidance on significant changes. Lab Anim 46(3):63-65 Domain 5 43. Which of the following zoonotic agents in sheep DOES NOT induce abortion in humans? a. Chlamydia psittaci b. Listeria monocytogenes c. Orf virus d. Toxoplasma gondii Answer: c. Orf virus References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 15 – Biology and Diseases of Ruminants (Sheep, Goats and Cattle), pp. 649, 662, 668 and Chapter 28 – Selected Zoonoses, pp. 1316, 1336-1337, 1355-1356

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2) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/animal-disease-information/sheep-and-goat-health/national-scrapie-eradication-program/CT_Zoonotic_Disease 3) Allen MJ, Borkowski GL, eds. 1999. The Laboratory Small Ruminant. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 3 – Management, pp. 42-43 Domain 5; Secondary Species – Sheep (Ovis aries) 44. What is the primary hematopoietic organ in adult zebrafish? a. Bone marrow b. Head kidney c. Spleen d. Thymus e. Trunk kidney Answer: b. Head kidney References: 1) Suckow, MA, Harper, C, Lawerence, C, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Zebrafish. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 1 – Biology, Anatomy and Physiology, p. 18. 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 – The Biology and Management of the Zebrafish, p. 1034. Domain 1; Primary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rerio) 45. Which tests are used to measure grip strength and walking speed, respectively, in mice? a. Inverted cling test and rotarod b. Inverted cling test and running wheel c. Rotarod and inverted cling test d. Rotarod and running wheel Answer: a. Inverted cling test and rotarod References: 1) Toth. 2018. Identifying and implementing endpoints for geriatric mice. Comparative Medicine 68(6):439-451 2) Ray et al. 2010. Identification of markers for imminent death in mice used in longevity and aging research. JAALAS 49(3):282-288 Domain 3; Primary Species - Mouse (Mus musculus) 46. All of the following are appropriate methods for rodent health monitoring EXCEPT? a. Testing of cage top filters from soiled bedding cages on ventilated racks b. Testing samples from the exhaust plenum of ventilated racks

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c. Testing sentinels which have been exposed to the soiled bedding of other cages in the rack d. Testing resident animals by direct sampling e. Testing the interior walls of the sentinel cage using a sterile swab Answer: e. Testing the interior walls of the sentinel cage using a sterile swab References: 1) Dubelko et al. 2018. PCR Testing of filter material from IVC lids for microbial monitoring of mouse colonies. JAALAS 57(5):477–482 2) Miller et al. 2016. Exhaust air dust monitoring is superior to soiled bedding sentinels for the detection of Pasteurella pneumotropica in individually ventilated cage systems. JAALAS 55(6):775–781 3) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 11 – Microbiological Quality Control for Laboratory Rodents and Lagomorphs, pp. 476-480 Domain 4 47. Which of the following was developed by NC3Rs to improve the standard of reporting for research using animals? a. ARRIVE guidelines b. INHAND guidance c. MINPEPA guidelines d. RENI guides Answer: a. ARRIVE guidelines References: 1) Knoblaugh et al. 2018. Pathology Principles and Practices for Analysis of Animal Models. ILAR Journal 59(1):40-50 2) Kilkenny et al. 2010. Improving Bioscience Research Reporting: The ARRIVE Guidelines for Reporting Animal Research. PLoS Biol 8(6): e1000412. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1000412 3) https://www.nc3rs.org.uk/arrive-guidelines 4) Scudamore et al. 2016. Recommendations for minimum information for publication of experimental pathology data: MINPEPA guidelines. Journal of Pathology 238(2):359-67 Domain 5 48. Which of the following is an accepted treatment for Saprolegnia in zebrafish? a. Copper sulfate at 5 ppt b. Emamectin at 2.5 ppt c. Nitrofurazone in the water d. Salt water immersion at >3 ppt Answer: d. Salt water immersion at >3 ppt References:

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1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 - The Biology and Management of the Zebrafish. pp. 1047-1048 2) Harper, C. 2011. Laboratory Zebrafish, 1st edition. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 5 – Veterinary Care. pp. 161-162 Domain 1; Primary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rerio) 49. What regulatory body is responsible for the oversight of targeted gene mutations in animals? a. Center for Disease Control and Prevention b. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee c. Institutional Biosafety Committee d. Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare e. United States Department of Aquaculture Answer: c. Institutional Biosafety Committee References: 1) Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Office of Science Policy. April 2019. NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules, pp. 20-21 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations, and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, p. 41 and Chapter 27 – Working Safely with Experimental Animals Exposed to Biohazards, p. 1308 Domain 5 50. Which of the following statements DOES NOT apply to tail tipping in adult and preweanling mice? a. Distal 7 mm of the tail can be taken for genotype analysis b. Mice experience short-term pain and distress after the procedure c. Pain can be evaluated by tail grooming or tail pinch assay d. Anesthesia is not required for mice under 21 days of age Answer: a. Distal 7 mm of the tail can be taken for genotype analysis References: 1) Jones et al. 2012. Evaluation of common anesthetic and analgesic techniques for tail biopsy in mice. JAALAS 51(6):808–814 2) Matthias et al. 2013. Local cryoanalgesia is effective for tail-tip biopsy in mice. JAALAS 52(2):171–175 Domain 3; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 51. Dust bathing is required husbandry for which species? a. Dipodomys spp.

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b. Geomys spp. c. Onychomys spp. d. Thomomys spp. Answer: a. Dipodomys spp. References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 7 – Biology and Diseases of Other Rodents, pp. 297-298, 300, 305 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section VI – Other Rodents, Chapter 48- Kangaroo Rat, p. 1102 and Chapter 50 – Pocket Gophers, p. 1117 Domain 4; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents 52. The Animal Welfare Act and its regulations require that temperatures for indoor facilities housing nonhuman primates must not fall below 45℉ or exceed 85℉ for more than how many consecutive hours? a. 2 hours b. 4 hours c. 8 hours d. 12 hours Answer: b. 4 hours References: 1) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 3 – Standards, Subpart D – Specification for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment and Transportation of Nonhuman Primates §3.76 - Indoor Housing Facilities (a) Heating, cooling, and temperatures (May 2019 Edition, p. 167) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 - Nonhuman Primates, p. 826 Domain 5 53. In Japanese quail, all of the following are transmitted via fecal-oral route EXCEPT? a. Avian encephalomyelitis virus b. Avian paramyxovirus I c. Mycoplasma gallisepticum d. Salmonella enterica Answer: c. Mycoplasma gallisepticum Reference:

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1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 22 – Japanese Quail as a Laboratory Animal Model, pp. 1100-1103 Domain 1; Tertiary Species – Other Birds 54. Which of the following anesthetic gases has been shown to be neuroprotective in neonatal rats after an episode of hypoxia? a. Carbon dioxide b. Enflurane c. Isoflurane d. Nitrous oxide e. Xenon Answer: e. Xenon References: 1) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Rodents, p. 256 2) Karmarkar et al. 2010. Considerations for the Use of Anesthetics in Neurotoxicity Studies. Comparative Medicine 60(4):256-262 Domain 3; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus) 55. Ulcerative pododermatitis in rabbits has been associated with this type of flooring. a. Slatted plastic b. Wire grid c. Perforated stainless steel d. Perforated plastic e. Slatted stainless steel Answer: b. Wire grid References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett- Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Biology and Disease of Rabbits, p. 445. 2) Quesenberry, Katherine and Carpenter, James W. 2012. Ferrets, Rabbits and Rodents: Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 3rd edition. Elsevier. Chapter 18 – Dermatologic Diseases, pg 235. Domain 4; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 56. Cedar and pine bedding materials can induce alterations in which of the following enzymes in mice and rats? a. Atropinase b. Cytochrome C oxidase c. Hepatic microsomal enzymes

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d. Krebs cycle enzymes e. Tyrosinase Answer: c. Hepatic microsomal enzymes Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 33 – Factors that can Influence Animal Research, p. 1448 and Chapter 36 – Design and Management of Research Facilities, p. 1579 Domain 4; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) and Rat (Rattus norvegicus) 57. Which of the following spontaneous tumors is uncommon in aged Fischer 344 rats? a. Interstitial cell tumor b. Large granular lymphocytic leukemia c. Pheochromocytoma d. Pituitary tumors e. Pulmonary adenoma Answer: e. Pulmonary adenoma References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats, pp. 191-193 2) Suckow MA, Hankenson FC, Wilson RP, Foley PL, eds. 2019. The Laboratory Rat, 3rd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 15 – Neoplastic Disease, pp. 604-606, 614, 625-626, 628-630, 637-638 Domain 1; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus) 58. All of the following apply to central sensitization EXCEPT? a. Can result from biochemical changes in the “pain” transmission neurons that increase

their responsiveness to peripheral inputs b. Can result from changes in the amount of neurotransmitter released from nociceptor

terminals in the spinal cord or brainstem c. Can result from loss of inhibitory regulation exerted by inhibitory interneurons in the

spinal cord and at supraspinal loci d. Contributes only to primary hyperalgesia Answer: d. Contributes only to primary hyperalgesia References: 1) Committee on Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals, National Research Council, ed. 2009. Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals. National Academies Press. Chapter 2 - Mechanisms of Pain, pp. 40-41 https://www.nap.edu/read/12526/chapter/5

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2) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 1 – Anatomy, Physiology and Effects of Pain, pp. 12-14 Domain 2 59. Streptozotocin is commonly used to induce which of the following diseases in rodents? a. Congestive heart failure b. Diabetes mellitus c. Inflammatory bowel disease d. Lymphoma e. Parkinson’s disease Answer: b. Diabetes mellitus Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – Biology and Diseases of Hamsters, p. 210 and Chapter 25 – Techniques of Experimentation, p. 1220. Domain 3 60. Gastric trichobezoars in Oryctolagus cuniculus increase in frequency when the following condition exists: a. The rabbit diet has insufficient amounts of dietary fiber b. The rabbit diet has an excess of Vitamin A c. The rabbit has gastric and duodenal ulcerations from non-steroidal anti-inflammatory

administration d. There is insufficient Vitamin C in the diet e. The rabbit diet has an overabundance of dietary carbohydrate Answer: a. The rabbit has insufficient amounts of dietary fiber References: 1) Suckow, Mark A., KA Stevens, RP Wilson ed. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents Elsevier, 2012. Section II- Rabbits: Chapter 9 – Rabbit Colony Management and Related Health Concerns, pp. 235. 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, pp. 444-445. Domain 4; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 61. In which of the following species must work with Mycobacterium tuberculosis be conducted at ABSL3? a. Cavia porcellus b. Danio rerio

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c. Macaca mulatta d. Marmota monax e. Mus musculus Answer: c. Macaca mulatta Reference: 1) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institutes of Health. 2009. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. 5th ed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Section VIII-A: Bacterial Agents, p. 146 https://www.cdc.gov/labs/pdf/CDC-BiosafetyMicrobiologicalBiomedicalLaboratories-2009-P.PDF Domain 5; Primary Species – Macaques (Macaca spp.) 62. Which of the following enteric bacterial infections of nonhuman primates can cause abortions apart from enteric clinical signs? a. Campylobacter spp. b. Helicobacter spp. c. Lawsonia intracellularis d. Shigella spp. Answer: d. Shigella spp. References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 - Nonhuman Primates, pp. 845-851 2) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 2 – Diseases, Chapter 10 – Urogenital System, p. 526 Domain 1 63. Mice naturally or experimentally infected with _____ develop intranuclear inclusions in mucosal epithelial cells of the small intestine, especially in the distal segments, and the cecum. a. EDIM virus b. K virus c. Mouse adenovirus type 2 d. Mouse cytomegalovirus e. Mouse hepatitis virus Answer: c. Mouse adenovirus type 2 References: 1) Hedrich H. 2012. The Laboratory Mouse. 2nd edition. Elsevier Academic Press. Chapter 3.2 – Viral Infections of Laboratory Mouse, pp. 430, 436-437, 447, 450

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2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 - Biology and Diseases of Mice, pp. 77, 81, 83, 91, 93-94 Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 64. Which of the following best describes a mouse that is axenic? a. Free of all foreign forms of life apart from itself including bacteria, fungi, viruses,

protozoa, and other saprophytic and parasitic life forms b. Harboring one or more microorganisms of known identity c. An animal that was born or delivered under germfree conditions that has subsequently

been removed from the germfree state and therefore acquires an unknown microbiota from its environment

d. An animal in which all life forms have been completely defined Answer: a. Free of all foreign forms of life apart from itself, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, and other saprophytic and parasitic life forms References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 26 – Gnotobiotics, p. 1264 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 3 - Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models, Chapter 7 - Gnotobiotics, p. 218 Domain 3; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 65. A researcher would like to house rabbits, 2 to 3 kg each, in a housing rack with 6 cages (2 cages on each of 3 levels). The floor area of each cage is 5 ft2 but a divider panel between adjacent cages may be removed for group housing. Up to how many animals may be housed on each level? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 Answer: c. 3 References: 1) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 3 – Standards, Subpart C – Specification for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment and Transportation of Rabbits §3.53 Primary enclosures (c) Space requirements for primary enclosures acquired on or after August 15, 1990 (2) (May 2019 Edition, p. 155) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf

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2) National Research Council. 2011. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing and Management, p. 59 https://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals.pdf Domain 4; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 66. What agency regulates the importation of any live laboratory animals and laboratory mammal materials (including transgenic/ knock-out mice and rats, hamsters, gerbils, guinea pigs, rabbits, ferrets, and their blood, extracts or tissues) capable of carrying zoonotic diseases? a. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention b. Environmental Protection Agency c. United States Department of Agriculture d. United States Department of Human and Health Services e. United States Department of the Interior Answer: a. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention References 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, p. 38. 2) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 4 – Veterinary Care, p. 107. Domain 5 67. Quantification of organic material using adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence is measured in what units? a. Cubits b. Foot candles c. Lumens d. Lux e. Relative light units Answer: e. Relative light units References: 1) Meier et al 2008. Quantification, Distribution, and Possible Source of Bacterial Biofilm in

Mouse Automated Watering Systems. JAALAS 47(2):63-70. 2) Turner DE, Daugherity EK, Altier C, Maurer KJ. Efficacy and limitations of an ATP-

based monitoring system. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2010;49(2):190–195. 3) Emmer KM, Celeste NA, Bidot WA, Perret-Gentil MI, Malbrue RA. Evaluation of the

Sterility of Press'n Seal Cling Film for Use in Rodent Surgery. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2019;58(2):235–239.

Domain 4

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68. Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect associated with α-2 agonists? a. Hyperglycemia b. Increased intraocular pressure c. Hypothermia d. Alterations in blood pressure Answer: b. Increased intraocular pressure References: 1) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Pharmacology of Analgesics, pp. 115-117 2) Stillman Whittaker. 2019. Use and efficacy of analgesic agents in sheep (Ovis aries) used in biomedical research. JAALAS 58(6):755- 766 Domain 2 69. Felis domesticus can be used to model which of the following diseases? a. Branched-chain ketoaciduria b. Lysosomal storage disease c. Psoriasis d. Tonic clonic seizures Answer: b. Lysosomal storage disease References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 13 – Biology and Diseases of Cats, p. 559 2) Cianciolo et al. 2011. Renal failure associated with mucopolysaccharidosis type I in a cat from a MPS I research colony. Comparative Medicine 61(5):441–444 Domain 3; Secondary Species – Cat (Felis domesticus)

70. Which is NOT true of rabbit housing requirements? a. As prey species, they should be housed away from noisy animals of other species. b. The recommended dry-bulb macrotemperature is 16-22°C (61-72°F). c. Nursing does do not require nest boxes since they will build their own nest from the

dewlap. d. Resting platforms are recommended but not required. e. Primary enclosures may require additional sanitation steps such as acid-washing since

rabbits excrete calcium in their urine that may form a scale on cages and pens. Answer: c. Nursing does do not require nest boxes since they will build their own nest from the dewlap. References:

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1) Institute for Laboratory Animal Research. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 2011. Pp. 44, 53, 71

2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP; eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster and Other Rodents. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9- Rabbit Colony Management and Related Health Concerns, pp. 220-225.

Domain 4 71. HEPA filters have been given a 99.97% rating based on their efficiency to retain particles _____ in size. a. 0.1 micrometers b. 0.3 micrometers c. 0.8 micrometers d. 1.0 micrometer Answer: b. 0.3 micrometers References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 11 – Microbiological Quality Control for Laboratory Rodents and Lagomorphs, p. 473 2) U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. 2009. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. 5th ed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Section VIII-E: Viral Agents, pp. 292. https://www.cdc.gov/labs/pdf/CDC-BiosafetyMicrobiologicalBiomedicalLaboratories-2009-P.PDF Domain 5 72. Which disease is frequently associated with infection of simian retrovirus 2 and can be transmitted by intraperitoneal injection of affected tissues into allogenic macaques? a. Endometriosis b Eosinophilic fasciitis c. Retroperitoneal fibromatosis d. Transmissible venereal tumor Answer: c. Retroperitoneal fibromatosis References: 1) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 2 – Diseases, Chapter 1 - Viral Diseases of Nonhuman Primates, pp. 24-25 and Chapter 13 - Arthritis, Muscle, Adipose Tissue and Bone Diseases of Nonhuman Primates, pp. 652-653 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Nonhuman Primates, pp. 877-878 Domain 1; Primary Species - Macaques (Macaca spp.)

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73. Which of the following molecular biology techniques involves an engineered protein that targets DNA fused to the nonspecific endonuclease Fok1? a. Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats b. Endonuclease targeted cleavage c. Restriction enzyme digestion d. Transcription activator-like effector nuclease Answer: d. Transcription activator-like effector nuclease Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition, Academic Press: San Diego, CA, Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, pp. 50-51. Domain 3 74. ____ is not commonly used in gnotobiotics, except to sterilize nonautoclavable items, due to ____. a. Chlorine dioxide; corrosion b. Ethylene oxide; carcinogenicity c. Hydrogen peroxide; inefficacy against Mycobacterium spp. d. Peracetic acid; inefficacy against mold spores Answer: b. Ethylene oxide; carcinogenicity References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 26 – Gnotobiotics, pp. 1272–1273 2) Schoeb TR, Eaton KA, eds. 2017. Gnotobiotics. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Principles of Establishing and Operating a Gnotobiotic Facility, pp. 37–38 Domain 4 75. Which of the following dictates how an IBC should be handled by an institution? a. AAALAC International b. Animal Welfare Act and Regulations c. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories d. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals e. NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules Answer: e. NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules Reference:

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1) Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules. April 2019. SECTION IV- ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES, pg. 26. (https://osp.od.nih.gov/biotechnology/nih-guidelines/) Domain 5

76. All of the following are consistent with the Association of Primate Veterinarians Guidelines for MRSA Infections in Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research EXCEPT? a. Decolonization attempts have not been successful in all cases b. Humans who work with NHPs are not at risk of being colonized with strains of

Staphylococcus aureus found in macaque populations c. Identification of MRSA carriers or colonized animals is typically performed via nasal

swabs d. Majority of MRSA carriers never develop a clinical infection e. NHPs can carry both nonhuman and human strains for S. aureus Answer: b. Humans who work with NHPs are not at risk of being colonized with strains of Staphylococcus aureus found in macaque populations Reference: 1) No authors listed. 2019. Association of Primate Veterinarians Guidelines for MRSA Infections in Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research. JAALAS 58(3):285-288 Domain 1; Primary Species - Macaques (Macaca spp.) 77. Which one of the following NSAIDs is COX-2 selective? a. Flunixin b. Ibuprofen c. Ketoprofen d. Meloxicam e. Naproxen Answer: d. Meloxicam References: 1) Fish R, Danneman PJ, Brown M, Karas A, eds. 2011. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Pharmacology of Analgesics, pp. 100-102 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 24 – Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia, pp. 1146-1147, 1156, 1160 Domain 2 78. Which of the following IS NOT an action of melatonin? a. Alters regulation of metabolic hormones and disturbances of the system causes

pathologic condition such as obesity and metabolic syndrome

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b. Causes an increase in glucose concentrations or glucose intolerance by changing normal protein, fatty acid and glucose metabolism

c. Informs the body of the time of day in order for the tissues and cells to adjust their function

d. Is a potent analgesic comparable to the effects of morphine

Answer: d. Is a potent analgesic comparable to the effects of morphine References: 1) Wren-Dail et al. 2017. Effect of isoflurane anesthesia on circadian metabolism and physiology in rats. Comparative Medicine 67(2):138-146 2) Dauchy et al. 2018. Effect of daytime blue-enriched LED light on the nighttime circadian melatonin inhibition of hepatoma 7288CTC Warburg effect and progression. Comparative Medicine 68(4):269-279 Domain 3 79. What is the primary method of transmission of the zoonotic agent Coxiella burnetii? a. Aerosols b. Bites and scratches c. Fecal-oral d. Fomites e. Mucous membranes Answer: a. Aerosols References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 28 – Selected Zoonoses, p. 1335 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section I – General, Chapter 5 – Zoonoses and Occupational Health, p. 145. Domain 5 80. According to the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations, dogs and cats acquired by a dealer or exhibitor must be held for ____ full days, not including the day of acquisition, after acquiring the animal. a. 3 b. 5 c. 10 d. 12 e. 15 Answer: b. 5 References:

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1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 - Laws, Regulations, and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, p. 25 2) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 2 – Regulations, Subpart H – Compliance With Standards and Holding Period, §2.101 – Holding period (a) (May 2019 Edition, 91) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf Domain 5; Primary Species - Dog (Canis familiaris) and Secondary Species – Cat (Felis domesticus) 81. Which of the following organizations IS NOT a sponsor or administrator of the CMAR program? a. AALAS b. ICPM c. LAMA d. LAWTE Answer: d. LAWTE Reference: 1) https://www.aalas.org/certification/management-certification Domain 6 82. You are consulted regarding anemia in a small isolated group of rats. You observe round, elongate, or dumbbell-shaped densities on the surface of erythrocytes in the blood smears prepared from the affected animals. What would be the most appropriate treatment plan? a. Treat with a tetracycline and eliminate Polyplax serrata from the environment b. Treat with a tetracycline and eliminate Polyplax spinulosa from the environment c. Treat with a sulfonamide and eliminate Polyplax serrata from the environment d. Treat with a sulfonamide and eliminate Polyplax spinulosa from the environment Answer: b. Treat with a tetracycline and eliminate Polyplax spinulosa from the environment References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats, pp. 175-176 2) Suckow MA, Hankenson FC, Wilson RP, Foley PL, eds. 2019. The Laboratory Rat, 3rd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 12 – Bacterial, Mycoplasmal, and Mycotic Infections, pp. 502-503 and Chapter 14 – Parasitic Disease, p. 589 Domain 1; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

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83. Which of the following develop spontaneous periodontitis without mechanical intervention? a. Mus musculus b. Oryzomys palustris c. Peromyscus maniculatus d. Rattus norvegicus Answer: b. Oryzomys palustris References: 1) Jiron et al. 2019. Comparison of isoflurane, ketamine-dexmedetomidine, and ketamine-xylazine for general anesthesia during oral procedures in rice rats (Oryzomys palustris). JAALAS 58(1):40-49 2) Messer et al. 2019. Diet-induced generalized periodontitis in Lewis rats. Comparative Medicine 69(5):384-400 3) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 7 - Biology and Diseases of Other Rodents, p. 309 Domain 3; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents 84. Sterilization of rodent feed by steam autoclaving can produce what neurotoxin and carcinogenic compound? a. Acrylamide b. Bisphenyl A c. Nitrosamine d. Peroxide Answer: a. Acrylamide References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 33 – Factors That Can Influence Animal Research, p. 1456 2) Kurtz et al. 2018. Acrylamide production in autoclaved rodent feed. JAALAS 57(6):703-711 Domain 4 85. How do gnotobiotic zebrafish provide an experimental advantage over gnotobiotic mammals? a. Adaptive and innate immune responses in zebrafish develop in the early embryo b. Growth rate of gnotobiotic zebrafish is similar to zebrafish reared with normal

intestinal flora c. Optical transparency during early stages of development allows for in vivo observation

of host and microbial cells

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d. Gnotobiotic zebrafish do not require feeding for the first 7 days post hatch due to the yolk sac

Answer: c. Optical transparency during early stages of development allows for in vivo observation of host and microbial cells Reference: 1) Schoeb TR, Eaton KA, eds. 2017. Gnotobiotics. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – Gnotobiotic Fish as Models to Study Host-Microbe Interactions, pp. 369-370 Domain 3; Primary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rerio) 86. All of the following could be used to treat a Xenopus laevis that was reported for a bite wound now covered in what looks like tufts of cotton EXCEPT? a. Benzalkonium chloride in the water b. Immersion in potassium permanganate c. Malachite green bath d. Sodium chloride bath e. Topical ivermectin Answer: e. Topical ivermectin References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 18 – Biology and Diseases of Amphibians, pp. 958-959 2) Green SL. 2010. The Laboratory Xenopus sp. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 4 – Veterinary Care, p. 89 Domain 1; Secondary Species - African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis) 87. Based on virion morphology, which commonly excluded murine virus is most resistant to disinfectants? a. TMEV b. MHV c. PVM d. Sendai virus e. LCMV Answer: a. TMEV References: 1) Fox, JG, LC Anderson, G Otto, KR Pritchett-Corning, MT Whary. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 11 – Microbiological Quality Control for Laboratory Rodents and Lagomorphs, pp. 474. 2) Fox JG, Davisson MT, Quimby FW, Barthold SW, Newcomer CE, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Volume II, 2nd edition. Academic Press:San Diego, CA.

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Chapter 12 – Cardioviruses: Encephalomyocarditis Virus and Theiler’s Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus, p. 312. Domain 4; Primary species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 88. Which of the following imaging techniques requires the use of radio-labeled probes? a. Computed tomography b. Magnetic resonance imaging c. Optical imaging d. Single-photon emission computed tomography

Answer: d. Single-photon emission computed tomography References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 25 – Techniques of Experimentation, pp. 1244-1245. 2) Hildebrant et al. 2008. Anesthesia and other considerations for in vivo imaging of small animals. ILAR Journal 49(1):17-29 Domain 3 89. Which of the following species is listed in CITES appendix I? a. Callithrix jacchus b. Chlorocebus aethiops c. Papio anubis d. Saguinus oedipus e. Saimiri boliviensis Answer: d. Saguinus oedipus References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 - Nonhuman Primates, pp. 779, 792, 808, 814 2) Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, Appendices I, II and III. 26 November 2019, pp. 19-21 cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php Domain 5; Secondary Species – Marmoset/Tamarins (Callitrichidae) 90. Chloramine levels for zebrafish should be no higher than _____ mg/L and can be removed by what process? a. 0 mg/L; aeration b. 0.5 mg/L; carbon filtration c. 0 mg/L; carbon filtration d. 0.5 mg/L; aeration

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Answer: c. 0 mg/L; carbon filtration References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 – Biology and Management of the Zebrafish, p. 1055 2) Harper C, Lawrence C. 2011. The Laboratory Zebrafish. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 5 – Veterinary Care, p. 165 Domain 4; Primary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rerio) 91. Which species has lymph nodes with inverted germinal centers? a. Chinchilla lanigera b. Danio rerio c. Lama glama and Vicugna pacos d. Sus scrofa Answer: d. Sus scrofa References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 – Biology and Diseases of Chinchillas, p. 390 and Chapter 16 – The Biology and Diseases of Swine, p. 700 2) Straw BE, Zimmerman JJ, D’Allaire S, Taylor DJ, eds. 2013. Diseases of Swine, 9th edition. Blackwell Publishing Professional: Ames, IA. Chapter 2 – Immune System, p. 20 Domain 1; Primary Species – Pig (Sus scrofa) 92. ________ are an important rodent species used for aging research, as their lifespan can be up to 30 years. a. Cynomys ludovicianus b. Heterocephalus glaber c. Meriones unguiculatus d. Microtus ochrogaster e. Urocitellus richardsonii Answer: b. Heterocephalus glaber References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 7 - Biology and Diseases of other Rodents, pp. 291, 293, 316, 321-322, 329 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section VI – Other Rodents, Chapter 47–Naked Mole Rat, p. 1071; Chapter 52 - Gerbils Domain 3; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents 93. What is the mechanism of action for moxidectin, which is commonly used in quarantine to treat for nematode and arthropod infections?

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a. Activates glutamate-gated ion channels causing hyperpolarization of neurons b. Binds to messenger RNA leading to impaired protein synthesis c. Inhibits mitochondrial cytochrome c leading to impaired ATP synthesis d. Inhibits tubulin assembly leading to impaired cellular movement and division e. Inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels in neurons Answer: a. Activates glutamate-gated ion channels causing hyperpolarization of neurons References: 1) Korte et al. 2018. Effects of fenbendazole-impregnated feed and topical moxidectin during quarantine on the gut microbiota of C57BL/6 mice. JAALAS 57(3):229-235 2) Nashat et al. 2018. Ivermectin-compounded feed compared with topical moxidectin–imidacloprid for eradication of Demodex musculi in laboratory mice. JAALAS 57(5):483-497 Domain 4 94. According to the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations and the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, whose responsibility is it to ensure that training and instruction of personnel must include guidance in areas such as humane methods of animal experimentation, aseptic surgical methods, and proper use of anesthetics and analgesia? a. Attending veterinarian b. IACUC c. Principal investigator d. Research facility Answer: d. Research facility References: 1) 2) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 2 – Regulations, Subpart C – Research Facilities, §2.32 – Personnel qualifications (a)(c) (May 2019 Edition, pp. 61-62) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf 2) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 2 - Animal Care and Use Program, p. 15. Domain 5 95. How many pulmonary lobes can be found in the left lung of mice? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 Answer: a. 1 References:

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1) Barthold SW, Griffey SM and Percy DH, eds. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 1 – Mouse, p. 6 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 59 Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 96. A researcher will be doing a non-survival surgery in a dog. Which of the following

options is the minimal acceptable conditions per the AWA regulations? a. A non-dedicated room, clean scrubs, and non-sterile gloves b. A dedicated room, clean surgical pack, and expired isoflurane c. A non- dedicated room used to house records, surgical supplies and office items, sterile

gloves, gown and sterile surgical pack d. A non-dedicated room, expired suture, expired buprenorphine isoflurane and sterile

surgical pack Answer: a. A non-dedicated room, clean scrubs, and non-sterile gloves References:

1) USDA Animal Care Policy Manual, May 23, 2016. APHIS. Policy #3. 2) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal

Welfare, Part 2 – Regulations, Subpart C – Research facilities. Subpart C, Section 2.33 b. (4 and 5) p. 63. Issued January 2017.

Domain 5; Regulatory 97. Housing experimental mice at their thermoneutral zone can have what effect? a. Decreased antigen specific T-cell response to pathogenic organisms b. Higher metabolic rate c. Increased graft versus host disease d. Increased risk of atherosclerosis when fed an obesogenic diet e. Reduction in tumor volumes/delayed post-implantation growth Answer: e. Reduction in tumor volumes/delayed post-implantation growth References: 1) Hankenson et al. 2018. Effects of rodent thermoregulation on animal models in the research environment. Comparative Medicine 68(6):425-438 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 33 – Factors That Can Influence Animal Research, p. 1446 Domain 3; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 98. According to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, how many fresh air changes per hour is considered acceptable to maintain macroenvironmental air quality by constant volume systems?

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a. 1 to 5 b. 5 to 10 c. 10 to 15 d. 15 to 20 Answer: c. 10 to 15 References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing, and Management, p. 1564. 2) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing, and Management, p. 46. Domain 4 99. How does the the AVMA Guidelines for Euthanasia of Animals (2013 Edition) generally classify oral administration of euthanasia agents? a. Acceptable b. Acceptable with conditions c. Unacceptable d. Acceptable only under emergency situations Answer: c. Unacceptable Reference: 1) American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013. AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition, p. 28 https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/resources/euthanasia.pdf Domain 5 100. Zebrafish require higher levels of which fatty acid in their diet? a. n3 b. n6 c. n9 d. n12 Answer: b. n6 References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 – The Biology and Management of the Zebrafish, p. 1031 2) Meinelt et al. 2000. Correlation of diets high in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with high growth rate in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comparative Medicine 50(1):43-45 Domain 4; Primary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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101. In which mouse strain was Helicobacter hepaticus linked for the first time to chronic active hepatitis and hepatic tumors? a. A/JCr b. BALB/cANCr c. C3H/HeNCr d. C57BL6/J e. SCID/NCr Answer: a. A/JCr Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 106 Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 102. Which one of the following IS NOT characteristic of Rag-1 mice? a. Decreased complement b. Defective recombinase enzyme c. Hypoplastic lymphoid tissue d. No functional B cells e. No functional T cells Answer: a. Decreased complement References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 72 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 4 – Immunology. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 13 – Mouse Models of Immunodeficiency, pp. 278-279 3) https://www.jax.org/news-and-insights/2006/march/choosing-an-immunodeficient-mouse-model, The Jackson Laboratory Domain 3; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 103. What document, drafted by a federal funding agency, provides guidance for the analysis of operational expenses of an animal research facility?

a. CARS Manual b. CMAR Handbook c. COST Manual of Laboratory Animal Care and Use d. UFAW Handbook

Answer: a. CARS Manual Reference:

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1) Office of Science Policy and Public Liaison, National Center for Research Resources/NIH, National Institutes of Health. 2000. Cost Analysis and Rate Setting Manual for Animal Research Facilities. https://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/air/rate_setting_manual_2000.pdf Domain 4 104. Antibiotic toxicity is associated with administration of which antibiotic class in guinea pigs? a. Aminoglycosides b. Fluoroquinolones c. Penicillins d. Sulfonamides Answer: c. Penicillins 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – The Biology and Diseases of Guinea Pigs, p. 274 2) Barthold SW, Griffey SM, Percy DH. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 5 – Guinea Pig, pp. 224-225 Domain 1; Secondary Species – Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) 105. Which of the following species does not require a designated water source as part of routine husbandry as water demands are met with daily allotment of fruit, roots, and/or tubers? a. Chinchilla chinchilla b. Heterocephalus glaber c. Oryzomys palustris d. Sigmodon hispidus e. Zygodontomys brevicauda Answer: b. Heterocephalus glaber References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 7 – Biology and Diseases of Other Rodents, pp. 309-310, 312, 330 and Chapter 9 – Biology and Diseases of Chinchillas, pp. 388-389 2) Yu et al. 2017. Breeding and rearing naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber) under laboratory conditions. JAALAS 56(1):98-101 Domain 4; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents 106. Tramadol is a centrally acting synthetic opioid that activates the monoaminergic system by inhibiting the uptake of what neurotransmitter?

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a. Dopamine b. Epinephrine c. Gamma-aminobutyric acid d. Serotonin Answer: d. Serotonin References: 1) Flecknell P. 2015. Laboratory Animal Anaesthesia, 4th ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Analgesia and Post-Operative Care, p. 183 2) Evangelista-Vaz et al. 2018. Analgesic efficacy of subcutaneous-oral dosing of tramadol after surgery in C57BL/6J mice. JAALAS. 57(4):368-375. Domain 2 107. Which of the following major histocompatibility class I alleles in rhesus macaques has been associated with slower SIV disease progression, lower viral set points, or an increased likelihood of expression an elite controller phenotype? a. Mamu-A*01 b. Mamu-A*10 c. Mamu-A*17 d. Mamu-B*5 e. Mamu-B*01 Answer: a. Mamu-A*01 Reference: 1) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 1 – Viral Diseases of Nonhuman Primates, p. 67 Domain 3; Primary Species – Macaques (Macaca spp) 108. Sheep and goats are ____ and estrus is brought about by _____? a. Induced ovulators ; no true estrus cycle b. Monestrous; spontaneously c. Polyestrous ; regular cycles throughout the year d. Seasonally polyestrous ; decreasing day length e. Seasonally polyestrous ; increasing day length Answer: d. Seasonally polyestrous; decreasing day length. Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 15 – Biology and Diseases of Ruminants (Sheep, Goats, and Cattle), p. 632. Domain 4; Secondary Species – Goat (Capra hircus) and Sheep (Ovis aries)

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109. In general, adult mice require on average how many grams of feed per day? a. 1-3 b. 3-5 c. 5-7 d. 7-9 Answer: b. 3-5 References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 54. 2) National Research Council (US) Subcommittee on Laboratory Animal Nutrition. Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals, Fourth revised edition, 1995. National Academy Press: Washington, D.C. Chapter 3 – Nutrient Requirements of the Mouse, p. 83. Domain 4; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 110. Ambystoma mexicanum infected with Batrachochytrium sp. may be treated with which of the following? a. Benzalkonium baths b. Ceftiofur injections c. Ganciclovir injections d. Itraconazole baths Answer: d. Intraconzaole baths References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 18 – Biology and Diseases of Amphibians, p. 958 2) Del Valle and Eisthen. 2019. Treatment of chytridiomycosis in laboratory axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) and rough-skinned newst (Taricha granulosa). JAALAS 69(3):204-211 Domain 1; Tertiary Species - Amphibian 111. What term best describes an animal’s microbial status if an isolator-born mouse is free of primary and opportunistic pathogens but colonized by specific organisms? a. Defined flora b. Dixenic c. Monoxenic d. Restricted flora Answer: a. Defined flora References:

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1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 26 – Gnotobiotics pp. 1264-1265 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 3 - Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models, Chapter 7 – Gnotobiotics, p. 218 Domain 3; Primary Species - Mouse (Mus musculus) 112. Which of the following is NOT an acceptable perimeter fence/barrier for a NHP outdoor enclosure according to the Animal Welfare Act and Animal Welfare Regulations? a. Fence less than 6 feet if built on or after 2/15/1994 b. Fence 3 feet in distance from the primary enclosure c. Outside walls of primary enclosures made of wood or glass but restricts animal or

human entry d. Natural barriers (e.g. water moats or islands) that restricts NHPs to their housing facility and protects them from unauthorized intruders Answer: a. Fence less than 6 feet if built on or after 2/15/1994 References: 1) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 3 – Standards, Subpart D – Specifications for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment, and Transportation of Nonhuman Primates, §3.77 Sheltered housing facilities (f) Perimeter fence (1-2) and (g) Public barriers (May 2019 Edition, pp. 169-170) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf 2) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 – Biology and Management. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 – Laboratory Housing of Nonhuman Primates, pp. 262 Domain 4 113. What NHP requires a diet-supplemented with vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)? a. Callithrix b. Chlorocebus aethiops c. Macaca mulatta d. Papio Answer: a. Callithrix References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Nonhuman Primates, p. 777. 2) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 13 – Arthritis, Muscle, Adipose Tissue, and Bone Diseases of Nonhuman Primates, pp. 662-663.

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Domain 4; Primary Species – Macaques (Macaca spp) 114. What chemical creates single base pair mutations in germ cells when injected in male mice? a. Glucose-6-phospate b. y-glutamyltranspeptidase c. N-nitroso-N-ethylurea d. Tetrahydrobiopterin Answer: c. N-nitroso-N-ethylurea References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 34 - Animal Models in Biomedical Research, p. 1500 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 – History, Wild Mice, and Genetics. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 12 – Chemical Mutagenesis in Mice, p. 230. Domain 1; Primary Species - Mouse (Mus musculus) 115. Which of the following best describes habituation as a technique in animal training: a. Developing a new behavior by dividing it into small increments or steps and then

reinforcing one step at a time until the desired behavior is achieved b. Loss of response to a stimulus after the animal’s repeated exposure to it c. Pleasant action or event whose purpose is to increase the frequency that the behavior

will occur again d. Process of actively pairing something positive with an aversive stimulus e. Removal of an unpleasant action or aversive stimulus immediately after the desired

behavior occurs Answer: b. Loss of response to a stimulus after the animal’s repeated exposure to it References: 1) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 - Biology and Management, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – Behavioral Management, Enrichment, and Psychological Well-being of Laboratory Nonhuman Primates, p. 164 2) McMillan et al. 2014. Refining the pole-and-collar method of restraint: emphasizing the use of positive training techniques with rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). JAALAS 53(1):61–68 3) Bloomsmith et al. 2015. Positive reinforcement methods to train chimpanzees to cooperate with urine collection. JAALAS 54(1):66–69 Domain 3 116. Which of the following best describes shaping as a technique in animal training?

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a. Developing a new behavior by dividing it into small increments or steps and then

reinforcing one step at a time until the desired behavior is achieved b. Loss of response to a stimulus after the animal’s repeated exposure to it c. Pleasant action or event whose purpose is to increase the frequency that the behavior

will occur again d. Process of actively pairing something positive with an aversive stimulus e. Removal of an unpleasant action or aversive stimulus immediately after the desired

behavior occurs Answer: a. Developing a new behavior by dividing it into small increments or steps and then reinforcing one step at a time until the desired behavior is achieved. References: 1) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 - Biology and Management, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – Behavioral Management, Enrichment, and Psychological Well-being of Laboratory Nonhuman Primates, p. 164 2) McMillan et al. 2014. Refining the pole-and-collar method of restraint: emphasizing the use of positive training techniques with rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). JAALAS 53(1):61–68 3) Bloomsmith et al. 2015. Positive reinforcement methods to train chimpanzees to cooperate with urine collection. JAALAS 54(1):66–69 Domain 3 117. Which of the following statements best describes mouse reproduction? a. Vandenbergh effect results in acceleration of puberty of juvenile females in response

to male urine b. Bruce effect occurs among group-housed females that are isolated from males, in

which there is suppression of estrus cyclicity c. Lee-Boot effect results in synchronization of estrus among a group of females in

response to a male d. Whitten effect may lead to resorption of fetuses in recently bred females exposed to an

unrelated male Answer: a. Vandenbergh effect results in acceleration of puberty of juvenile females in response to male urine References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, pp. 64-68 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 3 - Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models. Chapter 3 - Reproductive Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, pp. 94, 108-109 3) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandenbergh_effect

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Domain 4; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 118. According to the AVMA Guidelines for Euthanasia of Animals (2013 Edition), which of the following is an acceptable euthanasia method for cephalopods? a. Carbon dioxide asphyxiation followed by decapitation b. 70% ethanol solution immersion followed by pithing c. Magnesium salt solution immersion followed by pithing d. Tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) immersion followed by quick freezing Answer: c. Magnesium salt solution followed by pithing References: 1) American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013. AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition, p. 74 https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/resources/euthanasia.pdf 2) Fiorito et al. 2015. Guidelines for the Care and Welfare of Cephalopods in Research – A Consensus Based on an Initative by CephRes, FELASA and the Boyd Group. Laboratory Animals 49(S2):47-53, 57. Domain 5; Tertiary Species – Invertebrates 119. Territorial aggression can be a behavior seen in socially housed zebrafish. The practice of _____ has been shown to have a beneficial effect on aggression levels. a. Feeding live prey b. Increased nutritional content c. Breeding the fish d. Adding environmental enrichment Answer: d. Adding environmental enrichment References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 – Biology and Management of the Zebrafish, p. 1023. 2) Keck, VA et al. 2015. Effects of habitat complexity on pair-housed zebrafish. JAALAS 54(4):378-383. Domain 4; Secondary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rerio) 120. You observe an increase in cases of swollen eyelids and vaginal discharge in a group of breeding guinea pigs. You have also noted a few cases of abortion. Which of the following diagnostic methods is considered to be INSENSITIVE in detection of the presumed organism? a. Culture in cell-free media b. Cytology with Macchiavello stain c. Direct fluorescent antibody test d. PCR

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Answer: a. Culture in cell-free media References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – Biology and Diseases of Guinea Pigs, p. 260 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section III – Guinea Pigs, Chapter 23 – Infectious Diseases, pp. 652-654 Domain 1; Secondary Species – Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) 121. Which of the following types of rabbits is an animal model of hypercholesterolemia but has normal functional low-density lipoprotein receptors? a. Dutch b. Flemish Giant c. New Zealand White d. St. Thomas Hospital strain e. Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Answer: d. St. Thomas Hospital strain References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, p. 414 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section II – Rabbits, Chapter 18 – The Rabbit as an Experimental Model, pp. 533-535 Domain 3; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 122. What effect does a plastic plant have in breeding tanks for Danio rerio? a. Decreased growth rate b. Increased aggression c. Increased cortisol levels d. Increased fertility and fecundity Answer: d. Increased fertility and fecundity References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 - The Biology and Management of the Zebrafish, p. 1023 2) Wafer et al. 2016. Effects of Environmental Enrichment on the Fertility and Fecundity of Zebrafish (Danio rario). JAALAS 55(3):291-294 Domain 3; Primary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rario)

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123. Which of the following methods can be used for measuring ammonia levels? a. Colorimetric analyzers and ATP bioluminescence b. Electrochemical sensors and ELISA c. ELISA and photoionization detectors d. NOx analyzers and ATP Bioluminescence e. NOx analyzers and electrochemical sensors Answer: e. NOx analyzers and electrochemical sensors References: 1) Mexas et al. 2016. Nasal histopathology and intracage ammonia levels in female groups and breeding mice housed in static isolation cages. JAALAS 54(5):478–486 2) DiVincenti Jr et al. 2012. Effects of housing density on nasal pathology of breeding mice housed in individually ventilated cages. Lab Anim (NY) 41(3):68–76 3) Morrow and Wiler. 2019. Ammonia measurements in the IVC microenvironment. JAALAS 58(2):184-189 Domain 4 124. Mice naturally or experimentally infected with _____ develop intranuclear inclusions in mucosal epithelial cells of the small intestine, especially in the distal segments, and the cecum. a. EDIM virus b. K virus c. Mouse adenovirus type 2 d. Mouse cytomegalovirus e. Mouse hepatitis virus Answer: c. Mouse adenovirus type 2 References: 1) Hedrich H. 2012. The Laboratory Mouse. 2nd edition. Elsevier Academic Press. Chapter 3.2 – Viral Infections of Laboratory Mouse, pp. 430, 436-437, 447, 450 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 - Biology and Diseases of Mice, pp. 77, 81, 83, 91, 93-94 Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 125. Which of the following is an important factor to consider when measuring fecal corticosterone metabolites in laboratory rodents? a. Always selecting the largest fecal pellet for extraction b. First eradicating pinworm infestations in the colony c. Potential skin cortisol contamination when collecting samples d. Using an internal standard when developing the assay Answer: d. Using an internal standard when developing the assay

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References: 1) Rowland and Toth. 2019. Analytic and interpretational pitfalls to measuring fecal corticosterone metabolites in laboratory rats and mice. Comparative Medicine 69(5):337-349 2) Hau et al. 2011. Interpretation of faecal concentrations of corticosteroid. Lab Anim (NY) 45(2):129-130 Domain 2 126. Alloxan is used in swine for which purpose? a. Immune suppression b. Injectable anesthesia c. Induction of Parkinson’s disease d. Induction of diabetes Answer: d. Induction of diabetes References 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 25 – Techniques of Experimentation, p. 1220. 2) Badin JK et al. 2019. Effect of Age on Diabetogenicity of Alloxan in Ossabaw Miniature Swine. Comparative Medicine. 69(2): 114-122. Domain 3: Primary Species – Swine (Sus scrofa) 127. Which of the following is a disadvantage of live feeds when compared to commercially-formulated fish feeds? a. Can be a potential source of pathogens b. Often variable in their nutritional profiles c. Require more effort to obtain or produce d. All of the above Answer: d. All of the above References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 – The Biology and Management of the Zebrafish, p. 1031 2) Ostrander GK, ed. 2000. The Laboratory Fish. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 - Diet, pp.68-69 Domain 4 128. Which of the following etiologic agents can cause rat bite fever? a. Bartonella henselae b. Rickettsia typhi c. Spirillium murinae d. Streptobacillus moniliformis

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e. Streptococcus mutans Answer: d. Streptobacillus moniliformis References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 28 – Selected Zoonoses, p. 1338 2) Percy DH and Barthold SW. 2007. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 3rd ed. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 2 – Rat, p. 153 3) Suckow MA, Hankenson FC, Wilson RP, Foley PL, eds. 2019. The Laboratory Rat, 3rd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 12 – Bacterial, Mycoplasmal and Mycotic Infections, p. 456 Domain 5; Primary Species - Rat (Rattus norvegicus) 129. In a breeding colony of ferrets, an intact female presents to you with bilaterally symmetric alopecia, vulvar swelling and ecchymotic hemorrhages on the skin. Which of the following IS NOT an appropriate treatment for this ferret? a. Breeding with vasectomized hob b. Oral mitotane c. Ovariohysterectomy d. Subcutaneous Deslorelin implant Answer: b. Oral mitotane References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine. 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 14 – Ferrets. pp. 606-607 2) Quesenberry K, Carpenter JW, eds. 2001. Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents: Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Disorders of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems. pp. 55 Domain 1; Secondary Species – Ferret (Mustela putorius furo) 130. Which of the following species serves as a model to study renal physiology and water conservation? a. Dipodomys spp. b. Heterocephalus glaber c. Microtus ochrogaster d. Microtus pennsylvanicus e. Neotoma spp. Answer: a. Dipodomys spp. References:

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1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition, Academic Press: San Diego, CA, Chapter 7 – Biology and Diseases of Other Rodents, pp. 300-302, 321-322, 329 Domain 3; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents 131. Chorionated zebrafish embryos are disinfected with dilute bleach at ______ ppm is effective against most pathogens except ______ due to vertical transmission. a. 1 – 20; Ichthyophthurius multifilis b. 20 – 50; Mycobacterium marinum c. 20 – 50; Pseudoloma neurophilia d. 90 – 150; Pseudocapillaria tomentosa e. 100 – 120; Mycobacterium marinum Answer: c. 20 – 50; Pseudoloma neurophilia References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 13 – The Biology and Management of Zebrafish, p. 1032 2) Murray et al. 2011. Transmission, diagnosis, and recommendations for control of Pseudoloma neurophilia infections in laboratory zebrafish (Danio rerio) facilities. Comparative Medicine 61(4):322-329 Domain 4; Primary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

132. In what year did the FDA implement the Good Laboratory Practice Regulations in safety testing? a. 1969 b. 1970 c. 1979 d. 1989 Answer: c. 1979 References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, p. 31-32 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section I – General, Chapter 1 – Ethical Considerations and Regulatory Issues, p. 22 Domain 5 133. Hydronephrosis is inherited as an autosomal dominant lethal gene when homozygous in which of the following strains of rats? a. ACI

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b. Brattleboro c. Brown Norway d. Gunn e. Sprague-Dawley Answer: d. Gunn References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats, pp. 193. 2) Suckow MA, Hankenson FC, Wilson RP, Foley PL, eds. 2019. The Laboratory Rat, 3rd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 16 – Metabolic, Traumatic, and Miscellaneous Diseases, pp. 673 Domain 1; Primary species - Rat (Rattus norvegicus) 134. A group of macaques have been imported to a CDC-registered facility. One of five animals has a positive tuberculin skin test during quarantine. According to 42 CFR, what must be done next? a. Cohort must remain in quarantine until at least 3 additional skin tests after removal of

the last affected NHP b. Cohort must remain in quarantine until at least 5 additional skin tests after removal of

the last affected NHP c. Entire cohort must be euthanized and CDC must be notified within 24 hours d. Extend quarantine to complete 5 additional tuberculin skin tests on the positive animal e. Extend quarantine to complete 3 additional tuberculin skin tests on the positive animal Answer: b. Cohort must remain in quarantine until at least 5 additional skin tests after removal of the last affected NHP References: 1) 42 CFR, Part 71 – Foreign Quarantine, Subpart F – Importations, §71.53 Requirements for importers of nonhuman primates https://www.govregs.com/regulations/expand/title42_chapterI_part71_subpartF_section71.53 Domain 5; Primary Species – Macaque (Macaca spp.) 135. During quarantine of nonhuman primates, how often should each tuberculin skin test be evaluated? a. 24 and 48 hours b. 24, 48 and 72 hours c. 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours d. 48 and 72 hours Answer: b. 24, 48 and 72 hours References:

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1) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 - Biology and Management, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 12 – Preventative Medicine in Nonhuman Primates, p. 308 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Nonhuman primates, p. 832 Domain 4 136. What strains are derived from crossing two inbred strains, and then developed by single pair random matings of sibling mice from F2 generation thereby creating a separate breeding line and propagated by sibling matings for >20 generations? a. Advanced intercross lines b. Congenic inbred strains c. Recombinant inbred strains d. Segregating inbred strains Answer: c. Recombinant inbred strains References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 46 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 – History, Wild Mice, and Genetics. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – Mouse Strain and Genetic Nomenclature: An Abbreviated Guide, pp. 82-85 3) http://www.informatics.jax.org/silver/chapters/9-2.shtml, Jackson Laboratory Domain 4; Primary Species - Mouse (Mus musculus) 137. Which of the following IS NOT considered a means to assess pain in rats? a. Aggression b. Behavioral changes c. Facial grimace scoring d. Locomotor activity e. Orbital tightening Answer: a. Aggression References: 1) Philips et al. 2017. Use of the rat grimace scale to evaluate neuropathic pain in a model of cervical radiculopathy. Comparative Medicine 67(1):34-42 2) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Anesthesia and Analgesia for Laboratory Rodents, pp. 244-245. Domain 2; Primary Species - Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

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138. Which of the following statements best describes the organization and the type of certification it administers and promotes? a. AALAS Technician Certification; Certification to raise competency and

professionalism in the field of laboratory animal resources management b. LAMA; Certification to provide quality of management and care of laboratory animals

throughout the world. c. LAWTE; Certification on effective training and education methodologies to expand

animal welfare and enhance public understanding d. NABR; Certification for the scientific community on legislative and regulatory matters

affecting laboratory animal research e. PRIM&R; Certification on promoting ethical practices and advanced knowledge of

IACUC administration through certification Answer: e. PRIMR; Certification on promoting ethical practices and advanced knowledge of IACUC administration through certification References: 1) http://www.primr.org 2) http://www.nabr.org. 3) https://www.aalas.org/certification/cmar.aspx. 4) http://www.lama-online.org 5) http://www.lawte.org Domain 6 139. Incubation of Coturnix japonica eggs should be at ___ °C and ___ % humidity for hatching. a. 20 and 75 b. 25-30 and 50-60 c. 30-40 and 30-70 d. 37.5-38 and 50-65 e. 40-50 and 50-70 Answer: d. 37.5-38 and 50-65 References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 22 – Japanese Quail as a Laboratory Animal Model, p. 1098 2) Huss et al. 2008. Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) as a laboratory animal model. Lab Animal 37(11):513-519 Domain 4; Tertiary Species – Other Birds 140. Which of the following scenarios WOULD NOT comply with the requirements dictated by the PHS Policy and Animal Welfare Act and its regulations to approve a protocol by full committee review?

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a. Non-affiliated member is not present during an IACUC meeting at quorum reviewing the protocol

b. Written description of the protocol was sent only to the designated member for review c. Four individuals of a 10 member IACUC recuse themselves from the protocol review

for conflicts of interest d. Committee is meeting over a conference call and has full quorum with a real-time

voting mechanism Answer: b. Written description of the protocol was sent only to the designated member for review References: 1) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 2 – Regulations, Subpart C – Research Facilities, §2.31 – Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) (d) IACUC review of activities involving animals (2) (May 2019 Edition, p. 59-60) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf 2) Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. 2015. Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, IV. Implementation by Institutions, C. Review of PHS-Conducted or Supported Research Projects, p. 14 http://grants.nih.gov/grants/OLAW/references/PHSPolicyLabAnimals.pdf 3) Silverman J, Suckow MA, Murthy S, eds. 2014. The IACUC Handbook, 3rd edition. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 9 – General Concepts of Protocol Review, p.154 Domain 5 141. Which of the following is an animal model for Dubin-Johnson syndrome? a. Bolivian squirrel monkey b. Corriedale sheep c. Gunn rat d. Watanabe rabbit Answer: b. Corriedale sheep Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats, p. 152; Chapter 15 – Biology and Diseases of Ruminants, p. 625; Chapter 17 – Nonhuman Primates, pp. 796-798; and Chapter 34 – Animal Models in Biomedical Research, p. 1498. Domain 3; Secondary Species – Sheep (Ovis aries) 142. Which of the following statements best describes use of vaporized hydrogen peroxide in research facilities? a. Limited use for decontamination of electronic or medical devices b. Low-temperature sterilant

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c. Not compatible with many materials d. Used for decontamination of unsealed enclosures Answer: b. Low-temperature sterilant References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 36 – Design and Management of Research Facilities, p. 1585 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 3 - Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models, Chapter 12 – Environmental and Equipment Monitoring, p. 426. Domain 4 143. According to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations, floor space requirement for cats is _____ ft2 for animals weighing < 4.0 kg and _____ ft2 for animals weighing > 4.0 kg with an enclosure at least ____ in. high? a. 2.0 ; 3.0 ; 24 b. 2.5 ; 3.5 ; 24 c. 2.5 ; 3.5 ; 30 d. 3.0 ; 4.0 ; 24 e. 3.0 ; 4.0 ; 30 Answer: d. 3.0 ; 4.0 ; 24 References: 1) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing, and Management, p. 59 2) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 3 – Standards, Subpart A - Specifications for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment, and Transportation of Dogs and Cats, §3.6 – Primary enclosures (b) Additional requirements for cats (1) Space (i-iii) (May 2019 Edition, p. 118) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf Domain 5; Secondary Species – Cat (Felis domestica) 144. Which organism has been recently and formally renamed Filobacterium rodentium?

a. CAR bacillus b. Citrobacter rodentium c. Corynebacterium kutscheri d. Segmented filamentous bacteria e. Streptobacillus moniliformis

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Answer: a. CAR bacillus References: 1) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 18 - Mycoplasma pulmonis, Other Murine Mycoplasmas, and Cilia-Associated Respiratory Bacillus, pp. 454-459 2) “Filobacterium rodentium (formerly CAR Bacillus)” http://dora.missouri.edu/mouse/filobacterium-rodentium/ 3) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, pp. 103-104 Domain 1 145. Which of the following best describes positive reinforcement as a technique in animal training? a. Developing a new behavior by dividing it into small increments or steps and then

reinforcing one step at a time until the desired behavior is achieved b. Loss of response to a stimulus after the animal’s repeated exposure to it c. Pleasant action or event whose purpose is to increase the frequency that the behavior

will occur again d. Process of actively pairing something positive with an aversive stimulus e. Removal of an unpleasant action or aversive stimulus immediately after the desired

behavior occurs Answer: c. Pleasant action or event whose purpose is to increase the frequency that the behavior will occur again References: 1) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 - Biology and Management, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – Behavioral Management, Enrichment, and Psychological Well-being of Laboratory Nonhuman Primates, p. 164 2) McMillan et al. 2014. Refining the Pole-and-Collar Method of Restraint: Emphasizing the Use of Positive Training Techniques with Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta). JAALAS 53(1):61–68 3) Bloomsmith et al. 2015. Positive Reinforcement Methods to Train Chimpanzees to Cooperate with Urine Collection; JAALAS 54(1):66–69 Domain 3 146. According to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, pair or group housed Japanese quail require ___ ft2 of space per animal; however, increased cage space can result in a significant increase in ________. a. 0.25; egg production b. 0.5; mortality c. 0.75; dermatologic disease

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d. 1.0; mortality Answer: a. 0.25; egg production References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 22 – Japanese Quail as a Laboratory Animal Model, p. 1095 2) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing, and Management, p. 60 https://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals.pdf Domain 4; Tertiary Species – Other Birds 147. According to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, which of the following IS NOT an acceptable justification for single housing of macaques? a. As a standard practice and precaution to prevent fighting/trauma b. Experimental or scientific reasons c. Social incompatibility d. Veterinary related concerns e. All of the above are acceptable justifications Answer: e. All of the above are acceptable justifications References 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Nonhuman Primates, p. 801 2) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing, and Management, pp. 58-60. Domain 5; Primary Species – Macaques (Macaca spp) 148. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the husbandry/management of Heterocephalus glaber? a. Temperature should be kept relatively low in enclosures, between 60 and 70°F, to

mimic natural conditions in the wild b. Ventilation settings in the room need to be increased compared to settings for other

rodents to achieve appropriate temperature and humidity levels c. Animals require a relatively high amount of water and therefore should have at least

two water bottles in their enclosure d. Animals are exceptionally sensitive to noise and vibrations, so playing constant low-

intensity white noise in the facility is recommended Answer: d. Animals are exceptionally sensitive to noise and vibrations, so playing constant low-intensity white noise in the facility is recommended

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References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 7 – Biology and Diseases of Other Rodents, p. 330 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section VI – Other Rodents, Chapter 45 – Naked Mole Rat, pp. 1066-1067 Domain 4; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents 149. When inducing hypnosis in a rabbit, all of the following physiologic changes are expected responses in the rabbit EXCEPT? a. Analgesia b. Decreased blood pressure c. Increased depth of respiration d. Mydriasis Answer: d. Mydriasis References: 1) Fish R, Danneman P, Brown M, Karas A, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd edition. Academic Press. Chapter 11 – Anesthesia and Analgesia in Rabbits, p. 320 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press. Chapter 24 – Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia, p. 1155 Domain 2; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 150. Swine (Sus scrofa) are commonly used in xenotransplantation research. Hyperacute rejection is driven by natural antibodies that recognize _______ that is found in swine endothelium, but not human or non-human primate endothelium? a. β1,4- galactosyltransferase b. Gal-α-1,3 Gal-β-1-4GlcNAc c. β-D- fructofuranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside d. O-GlcNAc e. Galβ1-4GalNAcβ Answer: b. Gal-α-1,3 Gal-β-1-4GlcNAc References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 16 – Biology and Diseases of Swine, p. 707 2) Swindle MM, Smith AC, eds. 2015. Swine in the Laboratory: Surgery, Anesthesia, Imaging, and Experimental Techniques, 3rd edition. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 14 – Xenotransplantation and Transgenic Technologies, p.408 Domain 3; Primary Species - Pig (Sus scrofa)

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151. Chinchillas are prone to heat stress in housing conditions with high temperatures (>90°F) and humidity above ____. a. 30% b. 40% c. 50% d. 60% e. 70%

Answer: d. 60% References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 - Biology and Diseases of Chinchillas, p. 389. 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section V - Chinchillas, Chapter 40 - Management, Husbandry, and Colony Health, p. 969. Domain 4; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents 152. According to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations, respectively, what is the minimum floor space requirement for a 10 kg dog measuring 36 inches from the nose to the base of the tail? a. 8 ft2; 8 ft2 b. 8 ft2; 9 ft2 c. 8 ft2; 12.25 ft2 d. 12 ft2; 12 ft2 e. 12.25 ft2; 8 ft2 Answer: c. 8 ft2; 12.25 ft2 References: 1) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing, and Management, p. 59 https://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals.pdf 2) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 3 – Standards, Subpart A—Specifications for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment, and Transportation of Dogs and Cats, §3.6 – Primary enclosures (c) Additional requirements for dogs (1) Space (i) (May 2019 Edition, p. 119) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf Domain 5; Primary Species – Dog (Canis familiaris) 153. Which of the following is the only consistent microscopic lesion found in rabbit hemorrhagic disease?

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a. Fibrinopurulent pleuritis and pericarditis b. Granulomatous encephalitis c. Periportal hepatic necrosis d. Segmental necrosis of the small intestinal crypts and villi Answer: c. Periportal hepatic necrosis References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, p. 436. 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section II – Rabbits, Chapter 14 – Viral Diseases, pp. 394-395 3) Barthold SW, Griffey SM, Percy DH. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 3rd ed. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 6 – Rabbit, p. 265 Domain 1; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 154. All of the following apply to the use of rabbits in polyclonal antibody production EXCEPT? a. A vast amount of information is available on the purification of rabbit

immunoglobulins b. Most rabbit B cells have the same VH gene c. Rabbits are ideal models for antibody production due to their relatively large body size

and blood volume d. Rabbits have a single primary immunoglobulin A isotype Answer: d. Rabbits have a single primary immunoglobulin A isotype. References: 1) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 7 – Rabbit Genetics and Transgenic Models, p. 170. Chapter 11 – Polyclonal Antibody Production, pp. 259-260 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, p. 414 Domain 3; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 155. Which of the following frequencies are in the hearing range of the laboratory rat? a. 60-Hz b. 90-Hz c. 60- kHz d. 100-kHz Answer: c. 60-kHz

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References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats, p. 154 2) Suckow MA, Hankenson FC, Wilson RP, Foley PL, eds. 2019. The Laboratory Rat, 3rd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Housing and Environment, p. 376 Domain 4; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus) 156. All of the following microorganisms in the rat are a zoonotic agents EXCEPT? a. Hantavirus b. Pseudomonas aeruginosa c. Salmonella d. Streptobacillus moniliformis

Answer: b. Pseudomonas aeruginosa References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats, pp. 170-171, 180. 2) Suckow MA, Hankenson FC, Wilson RP, Foley PL, eds. 2019. The Laboratory Rat, 3rd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 13 – Viral Diseases, pp. 555-556 Domain 5; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus) 157. Sneezing, seizures, and sudden death was reported in a group of juvenile cynomolgus macaques that arrived in your facility 2 weeks ago. You perform a CNS smear from a dead animal and see Gram-positive cocci. What is the most likely pathogen? a. Bordatella bronchiseptica b. Klebsiella pneumoniae c. Mycobacterium tuberculosis d. Staphylococcus aureus e. Streptococcus pneumoniae Answer: e. Streptococcus pneumoniae References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine. 3rd ed. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Nonhuman Primates, pp. 851-859. 2) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research. 2nd ed. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 2 – Diseases, Chapter 7 – Respiratory Diseases, pp. 107-109. Domain 1; Primary Species – Macaques (Macaca spp.)

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158. Which of the following species is very sensitive to the effects of xylazine and may require only one-tenth or less of the xylazine dose used in other species? a. Goat b. Guinea pig c. Ferret d. Pig e. Marmoset Answer: a. Goat References: 1) Flecknell P. 2015. Laboratory Animal Anaesthesia, 4th ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – Anaesthesia of Common Laboratory Species, p. 243 2) Plumb DC. 2018. Veterinary Drug Handbook 9th ed. Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, NJ. pp 1221-1226. 3) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 14 – Anesthesia and Analgesia of Ruminants, p. 391 Domain 2; Secondary Species – Goat (Capra hircus) 159. Which of the following is a disadvantage when using isoflurane to induce general anesthesia in rabbits? a. Blood solubility b. Breath-holding response c. Hepatic biotransformation d. Viscerotoxicity Answer: b. Breath-holding response References: 1) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 11 – Anesthesia and Analgesia in Rabbits, p. 317 2) Flecknell P, ed. 2016. Laboratory Animal Anaesthesia, 4th edition. Academic Press, Elsevier Inc., Waltham, MA. Chapter 5 – Anaesthesia of Common Laboratory Species, p. 225. Domain 2; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 160. For which viral agent is both PCR and serology necessary for establishment of pathogen-free animals? a. LCMV b. Macacine herpesvirus 1 c. SIV d. SRV e. Tuberculosis

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Answer: d. SRV References: 1) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 1 – Viral Diseases of Nonhuman Primates, p. 58. 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Nonhuman Primates, pp. 877-878 Domain 4; Primary Species – Macaques (Macaca spp.) 161. A doctor is researching myocardial infarction in a rabbit model and wishes to use ketamine-midazolam for anesthesia. What schedule of drugs are ketamine and midazolam according Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21? a. Ketamine – Schedule IV, Midazolam – Schedule III b. Ketamine – Schedule III, Midazolam – Schedule IV c. Ketamine – Schedule III, Midazolam – Schedule III d. Ketamine – Schedule II, Midazolam – Schedule III e. Ketamine – Schedule IV, Midazolam – Schedule IV Answer: b. Ketamine – Schedule III, Midazolam – Schedule IV References: 1) Drug Enforcement Administration. CFR Title 21, Chapter II, Section 1308. Schedules of Controlled Substances. (https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/cfr/2108cfrt.htm) Domain 5 162. Which of the following is most likely to result in egg-associated inflammation in zebrafish? a. Aerocystitis b. High calcium diet c. Infection with Aeromonas hydrophila d. Infrequent spawning Answer: d. Infrequent spawning Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 – The Biology and Management of the Zebrafish, p. 1056. 2) Cartner SC, Eisen JS, Farmer SC, Guillemin KJ, Kent ML, Sanders, GE, eds. 2020. The Zebrafish in Biomedical Research. Academic Press: San Diego, CA, Chapter 39 – Water Quality and Idiopathic Diseases of Laboratory Zebrafish, p. 468-469 Domain 1; Primary Species - Zebrafish (Danio rerio) 163. Which of the following is a major cause of death in aged F344 rats?

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a. Large granular lymphocytic leukemia b. Histiocytic sarcoma c. Mammary fibroadenoma d. Pituitary adenoma Answer: a. Large granular lymphocytic leukemia References: 1) Percy DH and Barthold SW. 2007. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 3rd ed. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 2 – Rats, pp. 175. 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 - Biology and Diseases of Rats pp.193 Domain 1; Primary species – rats (Rattus norvegicus) 164. Which of the following is considered to be one of the most sensitive biochemical markers of renal injury in laboratory mice? a. Creatinine b. Lipocalin 2 c. Hepatocyte growth factor receptor 6 d. Toll-like receptor 4 Answer: b. Lipocalin 2 References: 1) Gibbs et al. 2019. Effects of general anesthesia on 2 urinary biomarkers of kidney injury – hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 and lipocalin 2 – in male C57BL/6 mice. JAALAS 58(1):21-29 2) Harkness JE, Turner PV, VandeWoude S, Wheler CL. 2010. Harkness and Wagner’s Biology and Medicine of Rabbits and Rodents, 5th ed. Wiley-Blackwell: Ames, IA. Chapter 3 – Clinical Procedures, p. 129. Domain 3; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 165. Which of the following lists laboratory animal pathogens from most to least susceptible to disinfectants?

a. Bacterial endospores > enveloped viruses > partially lipophilic, nonenveloped viruses b. Enveloped viruses > bacterial endospores > partially lipophilic, nonenveloped viruses c. Enveloped viruses > partially lipophilic, nonenveloped viruses > bacterial endospores d. Partially lipophilic, nonenveloped viruses > bacterial endospores > enveloped viruses e. Partially lipophilic, nonenveloped viruses > enveloped viruses > bacterial endospores Answer: c. Enveloped viruses > partially lipophilic, nonenveloped viruses > bacterial endospores References: 1) Campagna et al. 2016. Factors in the selection of surface disinfectants for use in a laboratory animal setting. JAALAS 55(2):175–181

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2) Fox, Anderson, Otto, Pritchett-Corning, Whary eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 11 – Microbiological Quality Control for Laboratory Rodents and Lagomorphs, p. 474 3) Moody et al. 2019. Evaluation of peroxides and chlorine oxides as disinfectants for chemical sterilization of gnotobiotic rodent isolators. JAALAS 58(5):558-568 Domain 4 166. According to the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, through the institutional official, shall report in writing to OLAW any change in the description of the institution’s program for animal care and use at least how often? a. 6 months b. 12 months c. 3 years d. 5 years

Answer: b. 12 months Reference: 1) Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. 2015. Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, IV. Implementation by Institutions, F. Reporting Requirements, p. 18 http://grants.nih.gov/grants/OLAW/references/PHSPolicyLabAnimals.pdf Domain 5 167. Transmission of Ateline herpesvirus 2 and 3 causes malignant lymphoma in ____ and ____. a. Aotus spp. and Saimiri spp. b. Callitrichids and Aotus spp. c. Callitrichids and Ateles spp. d. Papio spp. and Chlorocebus spp. e. Saimiri spp. and Macaca spp. Answer: b. Callitrichids and Aotus spp. References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Nonhuman Primates, p. 868 2) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 1 – Viral Diseases of Nonhuman Primates pp. 25-26 Domain 1; Secondary Species – Marmoset/Tamarins (Callitrichidae) and Tertiary Species – Other Nonhuman Primates

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168. Concerning anesthesia of small ruminants, which of the following statements is 𝐍𝐎𝐓 correct? a. Odontoprisis is observed in response to pain b. Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists produce a biphasic blood pressure pattern with initial

hypotension followed by subsequent hypertensio c. Medetomidine causes increases in glucose and cortisol d. Xylazine has high potency in ruminants and lower dosages are required compared to

other species Answer: b. Alpha-2 agonists produce a biphasic blood pressure initially with hypotension followed with secondary hypertension. References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 24- Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia, p. 1173. 2) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 14- Anesthesia and Analgesia of Ruminants, p. 391-392. Domain 2; Secondary species- Goat (Capra hircus) and Sheep (Ovis aries) 169. Which of the following is recommended for pre-surgical skin preparation in Xenopus species? a. Antibacterial hand sanitizer b. Chlorhexidine scrub c. Iodine-based scrub d. Sterile saline

Answer: d. Sterile saline References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 18 – Biology and Diseases of Amphibians, p. 947. 2) Green SL, ed. 2009. The Laboratory Xenopus sp, 1st edition. CRC press: New York, NY. Chapter 5 – Experimental Methodology, p. 137. Domain 3; Secondary Species – African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis) 170. What is the recommended biosafety level and biosafety cabinet class for working with the pathogen for Crimean- Congo hemorrhagic fever? a. BSL2; BSC Class II, A2 b. BSL3; BSC Class II, B1 c. BSL3; BSC Class III d. BSL4; BSC Class II, B1

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e. BSL4; BSC Class III Answer: e. BSL4; BSC Class III References: 1) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institutes of Health. 2009. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. 5th ed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Section IV: Laboratory Biosafety Level Criteria, p. 45 and Section VIII-F: Arboviruses and Related Zoonotic Viruses, pp. 250 https://www.cdc.gov/labs/pdf/CDC-BiosafetyMicrobiologicalBiomedicalLaboratories-2009-P.PDF 2) Hessler JR and Lehner NDM, eds. 2009. Planning and Design Research Animal Facilities. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 25 – Biohazards: Safety Practices, Operations and Containment Facilities, p. 349 Domain 5 171. Which of the following states “Unless the contrary is established, investigators should consider that procedures that cause pain or distress in human beings may cause pain or distress in other animals”? a. Animal Welfare Regulations b. AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals c. PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals d. U.S. Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in

Testing, Research and Training Answer: d. U.S. Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research and Training References: 1) U.S. Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research and Training. Online: https://olaw.nih.gov/policies-laws/gov-principles.htm 2) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Appendix B, pp. 199-200 Domain 5 172. Which of the following best describes parasitic infections in rats? a. Entamoeba muris is highly pathogenic b. Hymenolepis diminuta always has an indirect life-cycle c. Rodentolepis nana always has an indirect life cycle d. Trichosomoides crassicauda infestation is diagnosed in live rats by identifying eggs by

fecal flotation Answer: b. Hymenolepis diminuta always has an indirect life-cycle References:

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1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats pp. 181-185 2) Suckow MA, Hankenson FC, Wilson RP, Foley PL, eds. 2019. The Laboratory Rat, 3rd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 14 – Parasitic Diseases, pp. 577, 586-588 Domain 1; Primary Species – Rats (Rattus norvegicus) 173. Tritrichomonas (Trichomonas) fetus infections in which of the following species has been identified as a useful model for human infection by Trichomonas vaginalis? a. Bos taurus b. Capra hircus c. Equus caballus d. Ovis aries Answer: a. Bos taurus Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 15 – Biology and Diseases of Ruminants, p. 625 Domain 3; Tertiary Species – Other Livestock 174. Approximately _____ of iron dextran is typically given IM to neonatal pigs within 48 hours of birth to prevent anemia, which is typically _____. a. 100-200 mg, hypochromic microcytic b. 100-200 mg, normochromic normocytic c. 300-400 mg, hypochromic microcytic d. 300-400 mg, normochromic normocytic Answer: a. 100-200 mg; hypochromic microcytic References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 16 – Biology and Diseases of Swine, p. 703 2) Swindle MM, Smith AC. Swine in the Laboratory, 3rd edition. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 1 – Biology, Handling, Husbandry and Anatomy, p. 9 Domain 4; Primary Species – Pig (Sus scrofa) 175. According to the AVMA Guidelines for Euthanasia of Animals (2013 Edition), which of the following IS NOT considered an important criteria of euthanasia methods? a. Drug availability and human abuse potential

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b. Irreversibility c. Legal requirements d. Personnel convenience e. Safety of personnel Answer: d. Personnel convenience Reference: 1) American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013. AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition, pp. 10, 73 https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/resources/euthanasia.pdf Domain 5 176. Combination treatment of amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, and omeprazole provided in medicated feed has been shown to resolve infections with what organism in mice? a. Helicobacter spp. b. Lawsonia intracellularis c. Mycoplasma pulmonis d. Rodentibacter pneumotropicus Answer: a. Helicobacter spp. References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, pp. 109-110 2) Del Carmen Martino-Cardona et al. 2010. Eradication of Helicobacter spp. by using medicated diet in mice deficient in functional natural killer cells and complement factor D. JAALAS 49(3): 294-299 3) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 - Helicobacter Infections in Mice, pp. 428-429 Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 177. Which of the following best describes the use of ethanol for rodent euthanasia? a. Acceptable according to the AVMA Guidelines for Euthanasia of Animals (2013

Edition) b. Doses between 9 - 20 g/kg appear to be suitable for euthanasia of rats c. Doses between 9 - 20 g/kg appear to be suitable for euthanasia of mice >35 days of

age d. Higher incidence of behavioral signs of pain associated with an IP injection of 70%

ethanol versus saline Answer: c. Doses between 9 - 20 g/kg are suitable for euthanasia of mice >35 days of age References:

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1) Allen-Worthington, et al. 2015. Intraperitoneal injection of ethanol for the euthanasia of laboratory mice (Mus musculus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus). JAALAS 54(6):769-778. 2) American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013. AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition, pp. 48-50. https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/resources/euthanasia.pdf 3) Dyer et al. 2017. Intraperitoneal administration of ethanol as a means of euthanasia for neonatal mice (Mus musculus). JAALAS 56(3):299-306. Domain 2 178. Which of the following organisms is most likely to be a contaminant from a donor mouse via hysterectomy during the process of creating gnotobiotic mice? a. Corynebacterium bovis b. Minute virus c. Mycobacteria bovis d. Pasteurella pneumotropica e. Staphylococcus aureus Answer: d. Pasteurella pneumotropica Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 106 and Chapter 26 – Gnotobiotics, p. 1286 Domain 3; Primary species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 179. Light levels up to _____ lux as measured in an empty room 1 meter from the floor have been found to be satisfactory for rodents if management practices are used to prevent retinal damage in albinos a. 130 b. 270 c. 325 d. 400 Answer: d. 400 Reference: 1) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 3 - Environment, Housing and Management, p. 48 Domain 4

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180. According to the 8th Edition of the Guide for the Care and use of Laboratory Animals, which of the following best describes the use of non-pharmaceutical grade substances in animal research?

a. Consideration should be given to the grade, purity, sterility, pH, pyrogenicity,

osmolality, stability, site and administration route, formulation, compatibility, and pharmacokinetics

b. These substances can be used in cases where the alternative is cost-prohibitive and is justified in the animal protocol

c. These substances cannot be used under any circumstances d. These substances may be used if under the direct supervision of the attending

veterinarian Answer: a. Consideration should be given to the grade, purity, sterility, pH, pyrogenicity, osmolality, stability, site and administration route, formulation, compatibility, and pharmacokinetics References: 1) Hubbard et al. 2017. Effects of repeated intraperitoneal injections of pharmaceutical-grade and nonpharmaceutical-grade corn oil in female C57BL/6J Mice. JAALAS 56(6):779-785 2) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 2 – Animal Care and Use Program, p. 31. https://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals.pdf Domain 5 181. Which of the following best describes atropine esterase expression in rabbits? a. Causes atropine to be toxic when given to rabbits b. Produced by an autosomal dominant gene, Est-2F c. First appears in the serum at 1 month of age d. Levels are greater in males than in females e. Est-2F gene is linked to genes for white coat color Answer: c. First appears in the serum at 1 month of age References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, p. 447 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section II – Rabbits, Chapter 17 – Mycoses and Non-Infectious Diseases, p. 515. Domain 2; Primary Species – Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 182. The athymic nude mouse differs from the athymic nude rat in which of the following ways?

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a. Athymic nude mouse is a result of a mutation of a forkhead transcription factor domain while athymic nude rat is the result of a Crry gene mutation

b. Athymic nude mouse is a result of a mutation found on chromosome 11 while athymic nude rat is the result of a mutation on chromosome 10.

c. Athymic nude mouse is a result of a mutation to a forkhead transcription factor domain while athymic nude rat is a result of a mutation to a winged helix transcription factor domain

d. Athymic nude mice have normal to increased NK cell activity while athymic nude rats have decreased NK activity.

e. Athymic nude mice are used extensively in tumor research while athymic nude rats are used exclusively in toxicology research.

Answer: b. Athymic nude mouse is a result of a mutation found on chromosome 11 while the athymic nude rat is the result of a mutation on chromosome 10. References: 1) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 4 – Immunology. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 13 – Mouse Models of Immunodeficiency, p. 277. 2) Suckow MA, Hankenson FC, Wilson RP, Foley PL, eds. 2019. The Laboratory Rat, 3rd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 24 – Rat Immunology, p. 909 3) https://www.jax.org/strain/002019 https://www.envigo.com/products-services/research-models-services/models/research-models/rats/mutant/athymic-nude-rats/ Domain 3; Primary Species – Mice (Mus musculus) and Rat (Rattus norvegicus) 183. Zebrafish are considered a ______ water species with optimal calcium and magnesium levels between ______? a. Soft; 0-20 ppm b. Soft; 20-50 ppm c. Hard; 50-80 ppm d. Hard; 80-200 ppm Answer: d. Hard; 80-200 ppm References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 – Biology and Management of the Zebrafish, p. 1025 2) Harper C, Lawrence C. 2011. The Laboratory Zebrafish. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 3 – Life Support, p. 114 Domain 4; Primary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rerio) 184. According to the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations, for which of the following species is a food receptacle not required? a. Canis familiaris

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b. Cavia porcellus c. Mesocricetus auratus d. Oryctolagus cuniculus e. Sus scrofa Answer: c. Mesocricetus auratus References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – Biology and Diseases of Hamsters, p. 216. 2) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 3 – Standards, Subpart B: Specifications for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment and Transportation of Guinea Pigs and Hamsters, §3.29 Feeding, (d) (May 2019 Edition, p. 141) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf Domain 5; Secondary Species – Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) 185. Pseudoloma neurophilia primarily develops in the ______, while Pleistophora hyphessobryconis primarily develops within the ______. a. CNS; skeletal muscle b. Gut epithelium; scales c. Kidney; swim bladder d. Scales; gut epithelium e. Skeleteal muscle; CNS Answer: a. CNS; skeletal muscle References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 – Biology and Management of Zebrafish, pp. 1045-1046. 2) Murray et al. 2011. Transmission, diagnosis, and recommendations for control of Pseudoloma neurophilia infections in the laboratory zebrafish (Danio rerio) facilities. Comparative Medicine 61(4):322-329. Domain 1; Primary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rerio) 186. Which of the following lists reflexes ranked in descending order of usefulness and accuracy for determination of depth of anesthesia in the rabbit? a. Pedal withdrawal, pinna, corneal, and palpebral b. Pedal withdrawal, pinna, palpebral, and corneal c. Pinna, pedal withdrawal, corneal, and palpebral d. Pinna, pedal withdrawal, palpebral, and corneal Answer: c. Pinna, pedal withdrawal, corneal, and palpebral Reference:

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1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 24 – Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia, p. 1154 2) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 11 – Anesthesia and Analgesia in Rabbits, p. 322 Domain 2; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 187. Which of the following has kidneys similar in structure, physiology, and relative size to humans? a. Canis familiaris b. Cavia porcellus c. Ovis aries d. Sus scrofa Answer: d. Sus scrofa References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 16 – Biology and Disease of Swine, p. 699. 2) Iwase et al. 2018. Physiologic aspects of pig kidney transplantation in nonhuman primates. Comparative Medicine 68(5):332-340. Domain 3; Primary Species – Pig (Sus scrofa) 188. Which of the following was shown to be a result of gamma irradiation of laboratory rodent diet? a. Alteration of vitamin A and peroxide concentrations b. Elevated concentrations of copper and cadmium c. Elevated concentration of coumestans d. No evidence of nutritional change was observed Answer: a. Alteration of vitamin A and peroxide concentrations References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 33 – Factors That Can Influence Animal Research, p. 1456 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 3 – Normative Biology, Husbandry and Models. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Nutrition, p. 365. Domain 4 189. On pathologic exam, a zebrafish presents with granulomas in multiple organs. Which etiology do you suspect, and which special stain would you use to confirm your diagnosis?

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a. Aeromonas hydrophila; Von Kossa b. Edwardsiella ictaluri; Gram c. Flavobacterium columnare; Brown-Hopps d. Mycobacterium spp.; Ziehl-Neelsen Answer: d. Mycobacterium spp.; Ziehl-Neelsen References: 1)Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Prichett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 20 – Biology and Diseases of Zebrafish, pp. 1039-1040 2) Suckow MA, ed. 2010. The Laboratory Zebrafish, 1st ed. CRC Press. Chapter 5 – Veterinary Care, p. 151 Domain 1; Primary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rerio) 190. All of the following are characteristic of wasting marmoset syndrome EXCEPT? a. Affected callitrichids may have chronic diarrhea, colitis, and hemolytic anemia b. Animals experience profound weight loss, muscle atrophy, and develop alopecia c. Deficiency in nutritional vitamin E and protein deficiency due to chronic diarrhea have

been proposed etiologies for this syndrome d. Managerial and dietary factors may contribute to this syndrome e. Protracted emesis is the hallmark clinical sign for this condition Answer: e. Protracted emesis is the hallmark clinical sign for this condition References: 1) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research Vol 2 – Diseases, 2nd edition. 2012. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 13 – Arthritis, Muscle, Adipose Tissue, and Bone Diseases of Nonhuman Primates, p. 654. 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Biology and Diseases of Nonhuman Primates p. 782. Domain 1; Secondary Species – Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) 191. Which of the following behaviors in rats can be associated with buprenorphine administration but can be minimized by altering dosing schedule and using multimodal analgesia? a. Autophagy b. Pica c. Polydypsia d. Self-injury e. Teeth Chattering Answer: b. Pica References:

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1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 24 – Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia, p. 1148 2) Thompson et al. 2004. Analgesic efficacy of orally administered buprenorphine in rats: methodologic considerations. Comparative Medicine 54(3):293-300 Domain 2; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus) 192. What vaccines are recommended for a colony of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) which are housed outdoors? a. MMR (MLV) only b. MMR (MLV) and Rabies (killed) c. MMR (MLV), Rabies (killed), and Tetanus toxoid d. Rabies (killed) and Tetanus toxoid only Answer: c. MMR (MLV), Rabies (killed), and Tetanus toxoid References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Nonhuman Primates, p. 833. 2) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 1 – Viral Disease of Nonhuman Primates, pp. 37, 46, 122. Domain 4; Primary Species – Macaques (Macaca spp.) 193. Which of the following is a health risk for personnel and animals in a facility with magnetic resonance imaging equipment? a. Asphyxiation b. Increased risk of lymphoma c. Inhalation of radon d. Radiation burns e. Radiation sickness

Answer: a. Asphyxiation References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 36 - Design and Management of Research Facilities, pp. 1555-1556. 2) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 5 - Physical Plant pp. 146-147. Domain 5 194. What zoonotic pathogen can result in sudden death, encephalitis resulting in torticollis +/- ataxia, septicemia with resulting visceral abscesses, and generalized GI signs in chinchillas?

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a. Clostridium perfringens b. Helicobacter spp. c. Listeria monocytogenes d. Yersinia enterocolitica Answer: c. Listeria monocytogenes References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 – Biology and Diseases of Chinchillas, pp. 392-395 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents, 1st edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Section V – Chinchillas, Chapter 42 – Diseases and Veterinary Care, pp. 994-996. Domain 1; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents 195. Congenital infection with what agent leads to sensorineural hearing loss in guinea pigs and thereby serves as a common model of the same human condition? a. Caviid herpesvirus 2 b. Japanese encephalitis virus c. Poliovirus d. Rubella e. Toxoplasma gondii Answer: a. Caviid herpesvirus 2 References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – Biology and Diseases of Guinea Pigs, p. 262 2) Pritchett Corning et al. 2018. Using hysterectomy rederivation to produce guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) free of guinea pig cytomegalovirus. JAALAS 57(6):734-737 Domain 3; Secondary Species – Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) 196. Which of the following best describes the Moth-eaten mouse? a. Athymic and hairless, No T-cell function b. Anemia, wasting, inflammatory bowel disease when housed conventionally c. Decrease B cell numbers, low IgM, impaired response to polysaccharide antigens d. Deficient humoral and cellular immunity, lack cytotoxic T and NK cells, folliculitis

autoimmune syndromes, hypergammaglobulinemia e. Diluted coat color, lysosomal storage disease, impaired chemotaxis, bactericidal

activity of neutrophils, and decreased NK activity Answer: d. Deficient humoral and cellular immunity, lack cytotoxic T and NK cells, folliculitis autoimmune syndromes, hypergammaglobulinemia

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References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 72 2) The Jackson Laboratory: https://www.jax.org/strain/010825 Domain 3; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 197. Which of the following best describes the effect of supplementation of O2 during CO2 euthanasia in rodents? a. Has no advantage for euthanasia b. Increases the signs of distress c. Shortens the duration to achieve euthanasia d. Shortens the onset of unconsciousness

Answer: a. Has no advantage for euthanasia References: 1) Boivin et al. 2017. Review of CO2 as a euthanasia agent for laboratory rats and mice. JAALAS 56(5):491-499 2) American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013. AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition, p. 24 https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/resources/euthanasia.pdf Domain 5 198. All of the following apply to Pasteurella pneumotropica infection in mice EXCEPT? a. Bacterial colonization is primarily in the oropharynx b. Immunocompetent mice typically manifest clinical infections c. Infection can be eliminated through administration of enrofloxacin in the drinking

water for 14 days d. It is a ubiquitous inhabitant of the skin of mice Answer b. Immunocompetent mice typically manifest clinical infections References: 1) Towne et al. 2014. Elimination of Pasteurella pneumotropica from a mouse barrier facility by using a modified enrofloxacin treatment regimen. JAALAS 53(5):517-525 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition, Academic Press: San Diego, CA, Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 106 Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 199. What characteristic of swine anatomy makes them an effective model for coronary blood flow in humans? a. Comparable left/right blood flow with collateral circulation b. Left-side dominant with collateral circulation

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c. Left-side dominant without significant collateral circulation d. Right-side dominant with collateral circulation e. Right-side dominant without significant collateral circulation Answer: e. Right-side dominant without significant collateral circulation References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 16 – Biology and Diseases of Swine, pp. 699-700. 2) Swindle MM, Smith AC, eds. 2015. Swine in the Laboratory: Surgery, Anesthesia, Imaging, and Experimental Techniques, 3rd edition. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 9: Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery/Chronic Intravascular Catheterization, p. 214. Domain 3; Primary Species – Pig (Sus scrofa) 200. According to the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations, which of the following best describes housing for Oryctolagus cuniculus? a. Indoor housing facilities need not be heated b. Minimum height of all enclosures is at least 16 inches c. Litter pans or troughs underneath wire/mesh floored enclosures must be cleaned twice

a week d. Primary enclosures for rabbits must be sanitized once every 14 days Answer a. Indoor housing facilities need not be heated Reference: 1) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 3 – Standards, Subpart C – Specification for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment and Transportation of Rabbits §3.51 Facilities, indoors (a) Heating (May 2019 Edition, p. 153); §3.53 Primary enclosures (c) Space requirements for primary enclosures acquired on or after August 15, 1990(2) (May 2019 Edition, p. 155); and §3.56 Sanitation (a) Cleaning of primary enclosures (3) and (b) Sanitation (1) (May 2019 Edition, pp. 156-157); https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf Domain 4; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 201. According to AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition, which of the following methods of euthanasia is considered to be acceptable with conditions method for Taeniopygia guttata? a. Maceration b. MS 222 c. Rapid chilling d. Rapid freezing e. N2 Answer: e. N2

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References: 1) American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013. AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition, p. 99 https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/resources/euthanasia.pdf 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 23 – Zebra Finches in Biomedical Research, p. 1120 Domain 5; Tertiary Species – Other Birds 202. Multiple mice are presenting with flaccid posterior paralysis but are otherwise bright and alert. Several recovered animals now have an abnormal gait. Which etiologic agent do you suspect? a. Clostridium perfringens b. Mouse encephalomyelitis virus c. Mouse hepatitis virus d. Reovirus 3 Answer: b. Mouse encephalomyelitis virus References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – The Biology and Diseases of Mice, pp. 89, 92, 96, 116 2) Barthold SW, Griffey SM, Percy DH. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 1 – Mouse, p. 35 Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 203. Which of the following has a wide margin of safety in Macaca species and allows animals to retain laryngeal and pharyngeal reflexes when administered? a. Butorphanol b. Etomidate c. Dexmedetomidine d. Ketamine e. Isoflurane Answer: d. Ketamine References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 24 – Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia, p. 1182 2) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 – Biology and Management. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Anesthesia and Analgesia in Nonhuman Primates, p. 406 Domain 2; Primary Species – Macaques (Macaca spp.)

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204. What statement below accurately reflects guinea pig eating habits? a. Fastidious eaters and may not readily adapt to novel food items b. Prefer vegetables and will not eat pelleted feed c. Require a very high level of Vitamin D in their diet, and will therefore naturally eat

feedstuff such as kale and cabbage, high in vitamin D, over other items d. Will eat anything put in their enclosure, so special consideration must be given to

enrichment items that could look edible Answer: a. Fastidious eaters and may not readily adapt to novel food items References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – Biology and Diseases of Guinea Pigs, p. 253 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Section III – Guinea Pigs, Chapter 21 – Management Husbandry and Colony Health, pp. 607-608, 612-613 Domain 4; Secondary Species – Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) 205. Possession, use, and transfer of which of the following is regulated jointly by the HHS and USDA as overlap select agents and toxins? a. Brucella abortus b. Coxiella burnetti c. Foot-and-mouth disease virus d. Swine vesicular disease virus Answer: a. Brucella abortus References: 1) U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. 2009. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. 5th ed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Section VIII – Agent Summary Statements, pp. 126-127; Appendix F – Select Agents and Toxins, p. 379. https://www.cdc.gov/labs/pdf/CDC-BiosafetyMicrobiologicalBiomedicalLaboratories-2009-P.PDF 2) https://www.selectagents.gov/SelectAgentsandToxinsList.html Domain 5 206. Which of the following bacteria is most commonly associated with pododermatitis in Cavia porcellus? a. Staphylococcus aureus b. Staphylococcus epidermidis c. Streptococcus equi d. Streptobacillus moniliformis

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Answer: a. Staphylococcus aureus References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – Biology and Diseases of Guinea Pigs, p. 256. 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Chapter 24 – Non-Infectious Diseases, p. 699 Domain 1; Secondary Species – Guinea Pig (Cavia Porcellus) 207. Which of the following is an unacceptable form of euthanasia of bird embryos that have attained at least 50% incubation? a. Anesthetic overdose b. Decapitation c. Freezing d. Prolonged (> 20 min) exposure to CO2 Answer: c. Freezing References: 1) American Veterinary Medical Association. 2013. AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition, p. 67, 99 https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/resources/euthanasia.pdf 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 21 – Zebra Finches in Biomedical Research, p. 1120. Domain 2; Tertiary Species – Other Birds 208. The Watanabe rabbit carries a genetic mutation affecting which of the following proteins? a. Apolipoprotein A-I b. Hepatic lipase c. Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase d. Low density lipoprotein receptor Answer: d. Low density lipoprotein receptor References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, p. 414 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section II – Rabbits, Chapter 18 – The Rabbit as an Experimental Model, pp. 534-535 Domain 3; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

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209. Which of the following methods for water disinfection is associated with the formation of trihalomethanes when water contains organic compounds? a. Acidification b. Autoclaving c. Chlorination d. Ozone disinfection

Answer: c. Chlorination References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 36 – Design and Management of Research Facilities, p. 1582 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 3 - Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models, Chapter 9 – Design and Management of Research Facilities for Mice, p. 309 Domain 4 210. What kind of outlet is recommended for environments with high water use, such as aquatics facilities?

a. 20A b. Arc fault circuit interrupter c. Ground fault circuit interrupter d. Switched Answer: c. Ground fault circuit interrupter References: 1) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 5 – Physical Plant, p. 150 https://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals.pdf 2) Hessler JR, Lehner NDM, eds. 2009. Planning and Designing Research Animal Facilities. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter23 – Aquatic Facilities, p. 330 and Chapter 33 – Electrical: Special Considerations, p. 456. Domain 5 211. In which of the following strains is ectromelia infection least likely to result in acute mortality? a. A b. AKR c. C3H d. CBA e. DBA

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Answer: b. AKR References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Disease of Mice, pp. 74-75. 2) Barthold SW, Griffey SM, Percy DH. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 4th ed. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 1 – Mouse, pp. 21-22. Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 212. Following a fatal infection caused by exposure of ocular mucous membranes to _______, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention made interim recommendations to include both protective goggles and a face-shield to protect the eyes and other mucus membranes from splash hazards. a. Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 b. Cercopithecine herpesvirus 2 c. Cercopithecine herpesvirus 9 d. Macacine herpesvirus 3

Answer: a. Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Nonhuman Primates, pp. 863-867 and Chapter 28 – Selected Zoonoses, pp. 1324-1325 2) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 - Biology and Management, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 18 – Biosafety in Laboratories using Nonhuman Primates, pp. 462-464 3) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 2 – Diseases, Chapter 1 – Viral Diseases of Nonhuman Primates, pp. 12-13 Domain 5 213. Which ethical or moral theory underpins the harm or cost/benefit analysis of research study proposals by the IACUC? a. Animal rights theory b. Consequentialism c. Utilitarianism d. Value-based ethics e. Virtue-oriented ethics Answer: c. Utilitarianism References:

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1) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press/Elsevier: San Diego, CA. Section I – General, Chapter 1 – Ethical Considerations and Regulatory Issues, pp. 4-6. 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 39 – Animal Welfare, pp. 1655-1656. Domain 6 214. Infection with ______ can result in the formation of lymphomas and hair follicle epitheliomas in Syrian hamsters. a. Hamster parvovirus b. Hamster polyoma virus c. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus d. Sendai virus Answer: b. Hamster Polyoma Virus References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Prichett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – Biology and Diseases of Hamsters, p.225 2) Barthold SW, Griffey SM, Percy DH, eds. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 4th edition. Blackwell Publishing. Chapter 3 – Hamster, p. 176 Domain 1; Secondary Species – Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) 215. In which species is it recommended to administer topical 2% lidocaine solution into the larynx to reduce spasms of the arytenoid cartilages during endotracheal intubation? a. Cat b. Cattle c. Dog d. Macaques Answer: a. Cat References: 1) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 11 – Anesthesia and Analgesia in Rabbits, pp. 307-308; Chapter 13 – Anesthesia and Analgesia in Dogs and Cats, pp. 368-369; Chapter 14 – Anesthesia and Analgesia of Ruminants, p. 398 2) Flecknell P. 2015. Laboratory Animal Anaesthesia, 4th ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – Anaesthesia of Common Laboratory Species, p. 231 Domain 2; Secondary Species – Cat (Felis domestica) 216. All of the following agencies have regulations that apply to biohazardous waste EXCEPT?

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a. DOT b. EPA c. FDA d. OSHA e. NSF Answer: e. NSF References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 27 – Working Safely with Experimental Animals Exposed to Biohazards, pp. 1305 2) https://www.nsf.gov/about/ Domain 4 217. What is the most common cancer in domestic pigs? a. Cardiac myorhabdosarcoma b. Hepatocellular carcinoma c. Lymphosarcoma d. Melanoma e. Nephroblastoma Answer: c. Lymphosarcoma References: 1) Swindle MM, Smith AC, eds. 2007. Swine in the laboratory: surgery, anesthesia, imaging and experimental techniques. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 19 – Swine in Cancer Research, pp. 465-468 2) Jagdale et al. 2019. Incidence of Neoplasia in Pigs and Its Relevance to Clinical Organ Xenotransplantation. Comparative Medicine 69(2):86-94 Domain 1; Primary Species – Pig (Sus scrofa) 218. What is the most common oxyurid of the rat? a. Aspiculuris norvegicus b. Aspiculuris tetraptera c. Syphacia muris d. Syphacia obvelata Answer: c. Syphacia muris References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats, pp. 182. 2) Percy DH and Barthold SW. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 4th ed. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 2 – Rat, pp. 119-172 Domain 1; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

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219. ________ levels of non-esterified fatty acids are ________ with feeding of hay to pregnant New Zealand white rabbits. a. Increased, negatively correlated b. Increased, positively correlated c. Reduced, negatively correlated d. Reduced, positively correlated Answer: b. Increased, positively correlated References: 1) Veenstra et al. 2019. Effect of feeding hay on nonesterified fatty acids in appetite-suppressed pregnant New Zealand white rabbits. Comparative Medicine 70(1):35-44 2) Harkness JE et al. 2010. Biology and Medicine of Rabbits and Rodents, 5th ed. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 33-34 Domain 4; Primary Species - Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 220. Each research facility must submit an annual report to the USDA on or before what day of each calendar year? a. January 1st b. September 30th c. November 1st d. December 1st Answer: d. December 1st References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 - Laws, Regulations, and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, p. 28 2) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 2 – Regulations, Subpart C – Research Facilities, §2.36 Annual Report (a) (May 2019 Edition, p. 65) https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/AC_BlueBook_AWA_508_comp_version.pdf Domain 5 221. A male squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) presents with significant unilateral infraorbital swelling with cellulitis and exopthalmos. What is the most likely cause of this condition? a. Fight wound b. Grade 3 tuberculin skin test c. Tooth abscess d. Viral conjunctivitis e. Vitamin C deficiency

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Answer: c. Tooth abscess References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Nonhuman Primates, p. 892. 2) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 12 – Digestive System Disorders of Nonhuman Primates, pp. 590. Domain 1; Secondary Species - Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus) 222. Which of the following is an expected effect of tiletamine-zolazepam in Pan troglodytes? a. Cyclohexylamine-induced seizures b. Increased blood pressure c. Increased cardiac output d. Increased myocardial contractility e. Ventricular premature complexes Answer: e. Ventricular premature complexes References: 1) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 12 – Anesthesia and Analgesia in Nonhuman Primates, pp. 344-345 2) Abee CR, Mansfield K, Tardif S, Morris T, eds. 2012. Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 - Biology and Management, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Anesthesia and Analgesia in Nonhuman Primates, p. 409 3) Magden et al. 2016. Use of an implantable loop recorder in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) to monitor cardiac arrhythmias and assess the effects of acupuncture and laser therapy. Comparative Medicine 66(1):52-58 Domain 2; Tertiary Species – Other Nonhuman Primates 223. Which of the following statements applies to Mesocricetus auratus? a. Are capable of chewing through thick wood and aluminum b. Do not build nests if given nesting material c. Have a hard time adapting to cold temperatures d. Shorter light hour period (less than 12 hours) is required for breeding Answer: a. Are capable of chewing through thick wood and aluminum References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – Biology and Diseases of Hamsters, pp. 218-219

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2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Section IV – Hamsters, Chapter 28 – Management, Husbandry and Colony Health, pp. 766-767 Domain 4; Secondary Species – Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) 224. All of the following contribute to the development of chronic progressive nephropathy in rats EXCEPT? a. Axenic microbial status b. Caloric restriction c. High protein diet d. Male sex e. Old age Answer: b. Caloric restriction References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Prichett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats, p. 194-195 2) Barthold SW, Griffey SM, Percy DH, eds. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 4th edition. Blackwell Publishing. Chapter 2 – Rat, p. 157 3) Suckow MA, Hankenson FC, Wilson RP, Foley PL, eds. 2019. The Laboratory Rat, 3rd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 16 – Metabolic, Traumatic, and Miscellaneous Diseases, pp. 666-671 Domain 4; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus) 225. Which mouse strains are highly susceptible to dystrophic myocardiac calcinosis? a. 129, C3H, SJL b. BALB/c, C3H, DBA c. BALB/c, DBA, C57BL/6 d. C3H, SJL, NOD Answer: b. BALB/c, C3H, DBA References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd Edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 129. 2) Flurkey K, Currer JM, Leiter EH, Witham B, eds. 2009. The Jackson Laboratory Handbook on Genetically Standardized Mice, 6th Edition. The Jackson Laboratory: Bar Harbor, ME. Appendix, p. 304-305. 3) Barthold SW, Griffey SM, Percy DH, eds. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 4th edition. Blackwell Publishing. Chapter 1 – Mice, p 93. Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 226. Which of the following is a common test of nociception in Xenopus laevis?

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a. Acetic acid test b. Hargreaves test c. Pinpoint test d. Withdrawal reflex Answer: a. Acetic acid test References: 1) Goulet et al. 2010. Eugenol anesthesia in african clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis) of different body weights. JAALAS 49(4):460-463 2) Smith et al. 2018. Comparison of etomidate, benzocaine, and MS222 anesthesia with and without subsequent flunixin meglumine analgesia in african clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis). JAALAS 57(2):202-209 3) Coble et al. 2011. Analgesic effects of meloxicam, morphine sulfate, flunixin meglumine, and xylazine hydrochloride in african-clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis). JAALAS 50(3):355-360 Domain 2; Secondary Species – African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis) 227. ________ and _________ are two principle dietary ingredients that can serve as exogenous sources of phytoestrogens in rodent chows. a. Beet pulp, alfalfa b. Cane molasses, ground oats c. Corn, whey d. Soybean meal, alfalfa e. Soybean meal, whey Answer: d. Soybean meal, alfalfa References: 1) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Volume 3 - Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models, Chapter 10 - Nutrition, p. 348 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 33 – Factors That Can Influence Animal Research, p. 1455 Domain 4 228. A ferret presents with bilateral, symmetric alopecia and vulvar swelling. Upon abdominal palpation you feel cranial abdominal masses. What is your most likely diagnosis? a. Adrenal tumors b. Insulinoma c. Hepatic neoplasia d. Lymphoma e. Mast cell tumors

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Answer: a. Adrenal tumors Reference: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 14 – Biology and Disease of Ferrets, pp. 608-609 Domain 1; Secondary Species – Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) 229. Select a mouse strain commonly used in xenotransplanation research and its associated immunodeficiency. a. Swiss Jim Lambert; no peripheral lymph nodes or Peyer’s patches b. Recombinase-activating gene-mutant; absence of the complement protein C5 c. Severe combined immunodeficiency; lack of NK cells d. NSG; lacking T and B cells and has nonfunctional NK cells Answer: d. NSG; lacking T and B cells and has nonfunctional NK cells References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Pritchett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 25 – Techniques of Experimentation, p. 1243 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 4 – Immunology. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 13 – Mouse Models of Immunodeficiency, pp. 278-279 3) Cirrer J eds. 2009. Handbook on Genetically Standardized Mice. 6th edition. The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME. Section II: Using Mice in Research, p. 120 Domain 3; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) 230. Infection with which virus causes necrotizing inflammation of the salivary and Harderian glands in rats? a. Kilham’s rat virus b. Rat cytomegalovirus c. Rat minute virus d. Rat Theilovirus e. Sialodacryoadenitis virus Answer: e. Sialodacryoadenitis virus References: 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Otto G, Prichett-Corning KR, Whary MT, eds. 2015. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 3rd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats, p. 178 2) Barthold SW, Griffey SM, Percy DH, eds. 2016. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 4th edition. Blackwell Publishing. Chapter 2 – Rat, p. 125 3) Suckow MA, Hankenson FC, Wilson RP, Foley PL, eds. 2019. The Laboratory Rat, 3rd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 13 – Viral Disease, pp. 550-552 Domain 1; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

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