202 Level 2 Principles of building construction, information and communication

City & Guilds Construction

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Waste management

Unit 202: Principles of building construction, information and communication



Aims and objectivesAim:

• Introduce learners to waste management.

Objectives:

• Explain the importance of waste management in construction.

• State the building control regulations covering waste management.

• State the procedures for waste management.

• State the benefits of waste management.



Introduction10 million tonnes of construction products are wasted every year, at a cost of £1.5 billion.

Construction waste

By volume

By weight



What is waste?Waste is:

• Any substance which constitutes a scrap material or effluent, or otherwise any unwanted surplus arising from the application of any process.

• Any substance or article which requires disposal as being broken, worn out, contaminated or otherwise spoiled.



Types of wasteControlled waste is:

• Building and demolition waste and household industrial and commercial waste.

• It may also be divided into three types: inert waste, putrescible waste and special waste.



Types of wasteInert waste

• Waste that will not decompose, eg rubble, concrete, metal, rubber, etc.

Putrescible waste

• Waste which will rot and decompose, eg timber, food, paper.

Special waste

• Waste which is dangerous to keep or dispose of.

• Liquids with a flash point below 210°C are special waste, eg gun wash thinners, evostic remover.



Site waste – the facts:• The average 8 cubic yard skip costs around £150.*

• The average cost of what is being thrown away in that skip is over £1,500.*

• The cost of waste can be as much as £43/m2 in typical construction projects.**

• 10 million tonnes of construction products are wasted every year, at a cost of £1.5 billion.**

• A reduction of 1% of this would save £15 million and 104,000 tonnes of product a year.**

(*Source: Envirowise 2008) (**Source: Environment Agency 2008)



Waste management system• A licence is required if you deposit, recover or dispose of

controlled waste.

• A building contractor who carries waste, eg a joiner, even if they carry their own waste, must have a proper transfer note, and this must be given to the site receiving the waste.

• The transfer note must contain an honest description of the waste.



Waste management continued‘General building waste’ will suffice, though ‘waste timber’ would be better. Loads should be segregated for correct disposal. This may mean several skips:

• A – brick, rubble, cement, plaster, plasterboard

• B – empty paint tins, adhesive tins or drums

• C – wood, cardboard, paper, carpet

• D – scrap metal, pipe, wire

• E – various chemicals, oil, grease

• F – PVC window mouldings, gutters and down pipes



Importance of waste management Site waste management comes under two regulations:

1. Site Waste Management Plans Regulations 2008

2. Part H of the Building Regulations.

• Improves health, safety and welfare on site.

• Helps reduce cost of materials through recycling.

• Can help reduce wastage costs.



Part H of the Building Regulations• Part H6 – solid waste storage

• Part H6-A – relevant waste collection legislation

These regulations cover the storage and collection of:

• Household waste

• Industrial and commercial waste.

They also cover access for the removal of waste to be maintained.



Site Waste Management Plan• If you are involved in a construction or demolition project in the UK

worth £300,000 or more, you have a legal duty to complete a Site Waste Management Plan.

• If your project is worth £500,000 or more, the requirements become more detailed. Prosecutions can result in £50,000 fines, or on-the-spot penalties, and both companies and individuals can be held liable.



Site Waste Management Plan continuedThere are three main aims of an SWMP:

• Improve efficiency and profitability by promoting reuse, recycling and recovery of waste, rather than disposal.

• Reduce fly-tipping by keeping a full audit trail of waste removed from sites and complying with waste duty-of-care regulations.

• Increase environmental awareness of your workforce and management – your environmental management performance is likely to improve the more your workers are aware of their responsibilities. Including Site Waste Management Plan information in induction training or as part of environmental awareness training can help with this aim.



Site Waste Management Plan continuedWhat are the waste actions that the SWMP covers?

The waste hierarchy consists of four methods of handling waste:

• Reuse – in other projects, or in another phase of the same project.

• Recycle – such as turning the results of demolition into recycled aggregate for use in roads.

• Recover – for example, recovery of mercury and other non-ferrous metals from end-of-life industrial sites, or the cleaning and re-selling of bricks during demolition.

• Dispose – to landfill, the final and least preferred option within any waste management hierarchy.



Site Waste Management Plan continuedhttp://www.sitewastemanagementplan.com/

Click on the link to download your free Site Waste Management Plan template.

http://www.sitewastemanagementplan.com/



Waste costs you money to produce and more money to dispose of• As a contractor on site, sawing the end off a piece of wood is producing

waste if that offcut is not used.

• Waste materials lying around on a building site can cause people to trip and injure themselves.

• Waste may damage the environment.

• It is part of the contract to dispose of waste correctly.

• Unsafe systems of work on site can lead to production of waste which may cause accidents, leading to pain and suffering, time off work for injured party, lost production and compensation claims.



Enforcement• The Environment Agency, under the Environmental Protection Act 1990, has

the duty of policing waste management; they have similar powers to the HSE.

• Fires should not be used as a method of disposal without permission, and must be controlled by trained staff to ensure that unacceptable materials are not burned.

• Discharge to the atmosphere will attract the attention of officers if black smoke from insulation is produced.



Any questions?

202 Level 2 Principles of building construction, information and communication

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