2019 – 2020 Released Items Repository Item Answer Key …DNA and RNA, “provides protection for...

2019 – 2020

RELEASED ITEMS REPOSITORY ITEM ANSWER KEYBIOLOGY

2019–2020 Released Items Repository Scoring Guide

ContentsILEARN Biology Item Answer Key 5ILEARN Biology Performance Task Item Answer Key 19

ILEARN Biology Item Answer Key


Which is MOST responsible for genetic variation?

A cloning

B budding

C mutation

D metamorphosis


Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10

Item DOK Standard(s) Key1 2 B.5.5 C

A parent cell has two pairs of homologous chromosomes. The cell's genotype is AaTtBbRr.

If this cell undergoes mitosis, which statement BEST describes the genetic makeup of a daughter cell?

A The genetic makeup of the daughter cell would be AtBR.

B The genetic makeup of the daughter cell would be AaTtBbRr.

C The genetic makeup of the daughter cell would be either AtBR, aTbr, Atbr, or atBR.

D The genetic makeup of the daughter cell would be either AAttBBRR, aaTTbbrr,AAttbbrr, or aaTTBBRR.



Item DOK Standard(s) Key2 2 B.4.4 B

Human DNA contains codes for many proteins that are also coded for in the DNA of many other types of organisms.

Which statement is BEST supported by this information?

A Organisms each have their own genetic information for producing proteins.

B Organisms with many similar proteins changed over time to produce more of the same species.

C Organisms with the fewest number of similar proteins are more likely to have a recent common ancestor.

D Organisms with the greatest number of similar proteins are more likely to have a recent common ancestor.



Item DOK Standard(s) Key3 2 B.5.2 D

Place the labels in the blank boxes to complete the model of the process of photosynthesis.

• There may be more than one correct response.• Each label can only be used once.



Item DOK Standard(s) Key

4 2 B.2.1

For 1 point: “Carbon Dioxide”, “Water” and “Light” are placed in boxes that indicate those components are taken in by the plantAND“Oxygen” and “Sugar” are placed in boxes that indicate those components are produced by the plant NOTE: “Oxygen,” “Sugar,” and “Water” must be placed in exactly the correct box but “Light” and “Carbon Dioxide” may be reversed.

The diagram shows two structures that are found in a cell.

Which statement BEST describes the relationship between Structure A and Structure B?

A Structure B is a condensed version of Structure A.

B Structure A is a condensed version of Structure B.

C Structure B contains instructions for making proteins, whereas Structure A contains instructions for making DNA.

D Structure A stores genetic information in the nucleus, whereas Structure B carries genetic information to the cytoplasm.



Item DOK Standard(s) Key5 2 B.4.1 B




6 3 B.5.3

For 4 points: The student states that there was a disadvantage to having a light coat in Environment 1, such as the light coat made it easier for predators to see the mammals; ANDThe student states that since the mammals with a light coat were less likely to survive and have offspring, the alleles/genes for light coats became less frequent in the population;ANDThe student states that coat color within the Environment 1 population changed from having a range of light to dark coats to having a range of medium to dark coats;ANDThe student states that coat color within the Environment 2 population changed from having a range of light to dark coats to having a narrow range of medium-colored coats.

The graphs show how the coat color within two populations of the same small mammal living in different environments changed overtime.

Describe what happened to the coat color of the mammals in Environment 1 as its population evolved.

The population in Environment 1 changed from having a range of light to dark coats to having a range of medium to dark coats.

Describe what happened to the coat color of the mammals in Environment 2 as its population evolved.

The population in Environment 2 changed from having a range of light to dark coats to having a narrow range of medium-colored coats.

Give the MOST LIKELY reason why the coat color of the mammals changed in Environment 1.

There was a disadvantage to having a light coat in Environment 1, such as the light coat made it easier for predators to see the mammals.

Describe how the number of alleles for light coats changed over time in Environment 1 and what caused this change.

The alleles for light coats became less frequent in the population over time because mammals with a coat were less likely to survive and have offspring.

Environment 1 Environment 2



A scientist noticed a difference in mRNA sequences from two different organisms belonging to the same species. The mRNA sequences were transcribed from the same gene.

mRNA Codon Chart

Second Base in Codon

Firs

t Bas

e in

Cod

on

U C A G

UUUU uuc UUA UUG

Phe

Leu

UCUUCCUCAUCG

Ser

UAU UAC_ UAA UAG

Tyr

StopStop

UGUUGCUGAUGG

Cys

StopTrp

UCAG

CCUU cuc CUA CUG

Leu

ccuCCCCCACCG

Pro

CAUCAC CAA CAG

His

Gin

CGUCGCCGACGG

Arg

UCAG

A

AUU AUC AUA AUG

He

Met or Start

ACUACCACAACG

Thr

AAUAACAAAAAG

Asn

Lys

AGU AGC AGA AGG

Ser

Arg

UCAG

G

GUUGUCGUAGUG

Val

GCUGCCGCAGCG

Ala

GAUGACGAAGAG

Asp

Glu

GGUGGCGGAGGG

Gly

UCAG

Third

Bas

e in

Cod

on

Organism 1 mRNA: AUG-GUC-AAC-CAT-UCA-UGA

Organism 2 mRNA: AUG-GUC-AAU-CAT-UCA-UGA

Which statement BEST explains how the shape of the proteins produced from the two mRNA sequences compare with each other?

A The shape of the proteins will be different because the mRNA sequences are not identical.

B The shape of the proteins will be different because the mRNA were produced by distinct organisms.

C The shape of the proteins will be the same because the proteins come from one species of organism.

D The shape of the proteins will be the same because the proteins contain identical sequences of amino acids.




Move one word into each blank box to describe the path from DNA to protein production.

A DNA strand is unzipped and is transcribed into ; mRNA i. That template is then

translated into codons, which are sets of three bases that code for a(n) amino acid .

They are then linked together, forming a long chain that forms the protein.

Place the correct choice into each blank box.

mRNA tRNA nucleotide amino acid rRNA anticodon




8 2 B.4.3

For this item, a full-credit response includes:“mRNA” in the first blankAND

“amino acid” in the second blank

Lactose and sucrose are both disaccharides, as shown in the following diagram.

Lactase is an enzyme that helps break down lactose into glucose and galactose. The reaction is shown below.

Which statement BEST describes whether lactase can help break down sucrose into glucose and fructose?

A Lactase can help break down sucrose because sucrose is a disaccharide.

B Lactase can help break down sucrose because sucrose contains glucose.

C Lactase cannot help break down sucrose because sucrose can break down without an enzyme.

D Lactase cannot help break down sucrose because the shape of sucrose does not match the shape of lactase.




Which information do scientists use to classify organisms into taxonomic categories? Select ALL that apply.

□ dietary requirements

□ anatomical features

□ molecular evidence

□ acquired behaviors

□ preferred biome



Item DOK Standard(s) Key10 2 B.5.1 B, C

ILEARN BiologyPerformance Task Item Answer Key





Performance Task 3 SEPS.2

A full credit (12 points) response includes: Part A (for 2 points): Student selected “Amino acid” for Casein, Enzyme, and Flagella; “Carbohydrate” for Lactose, “Nucleotide” for DNA and RNA, “Fatty acid” for Cell membrane ANDStudent selected “provides building material for the cell” or “a structural component of the cell” for Casein, “a source of energy” for Lactose, “Speeds up rate of a chemical reaction” for Enzyme, “a structural component of the cell” for Flagella, “holds hereditary information” for DNA and RNA, “provides protection for the cell” for Cell membrane

Part B (for 2 points):Student selected the correct depiction of the casein substrateANDStudent selected the correct depiction of the casein-enzyme reaction products

Part C (for 3 points):Student ran 3 trials where they held the temperature and substrate concentration constant, and varied the pH ANDStudent ran 3 trials where they held the substrate concentration and pH constant, and varied the temperature ANDStudent ran 3 trials where they held the temperature and pH constant, and varied the substrate concentration

Part D (for 3 points):Student selected “increased then decreased” and “Active site changed” for pHANDStudent selected “increased then decreased” and “Active site changed” for temperatureANDStudent selected “increased then stabilized” and “All active sites were filled” for substrate concentration

Part E (for 2 points):Student included in their answer that the pH and substrate concentration would have no role in the rate of reaction if lactose was used because the enzyme is substrate specific, and the shape of the molecule determines its function or role in the bacteria cell

Part A

Click on each box to identify the monomer that makes up the macromolecule in each cell component or molecule.

Then, identify the function of the macromolecule for each cell component or molecule.

Cell Component or Molecule

Monomer Function

Casein Amino acid provides building material for the cell

Lactose Carbohydrate a source of energy

Enzyme Amino acid speeds up rate of a chemical reaction

Flagella Amino acid a structural component of the cell

DNA and RNA Nucleotide holds hereditary information

Cell membrane Fatty acid provides protection for the cell

Part BSelect two depictions of the enzyme-substrate complex that could be used to model how the bacteria breaks down casein.



Part DClick on each box to describe the effect of each variable from part C on the rate of the enzyme reaction, as that variable increases.

Then, select the probable effect changing the variable had on the molecules in the enzyme reaction.

VariableRate of

ReactionProbable Effect on

the Molecule

pH Increased then decreased Active site changed

Temperature Increased then decreased Active site changed

Substrateconcentration

Increased then stabilized All active sites were filled

Part CUse the simulation to test the effect of pH, temperature, measured in degrees Celsius (°C), and casein substrate concentration on the rate of the enzyme reaction. To run the simulation, make a selection for each input, then click Run.

• You will be limited to nine trials.• Click on the trash can icon to delete a trial.

pHTemperature

Substrate Concentration

7

40

Low

Run

Trial pH Temperature (°C) Substrate Concentration Rate of Reaction (%)

1 5 10 Medium 30

2 7 10 Medium 40

3 9 10 Medium 0

4 7 40 Medium 100

5 7 55 Medium 0

6 7 40 High 100

7 7 40 Low 90

8 7 40 Medium 100

9 7 40 High 100



Part EDescribe what effect the tested variables would have on the rate of reaction if lactose were used instead of casein.

Then, explain why the secreted enzyme from the bacteria interacts with casein and not lactose.

Type your response into the box.

If lactose was used instead of casein, pH and substrate concentration would have no role in the rate of reaction because the enzyme is substrate specific, meaning the enzyme's active site would not allow lactose to bind to it.



2019 – 2020 Released Items Repository Item Answer Key …DNA and RNA, “provides protection for...

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