2016 AASHTO Subcommittee on TSM&Osp.stsmo.transportation.org/Documents/2016 AASHTO... · 7/20/2016...
Transcript of 2016 AASHTO Subcommittee on TSM&Osp.stsmo.transportation.org/Documents/2016 AASHTO... · 7/20/2016...
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2016 AASHTO Subcommittee on TSM&O
New Technology Trends for Transportation
Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) for Transportation Purposes
Steven J. Cook, P.E.Engineer of Operations & MaintenanceMichigan Department of Transportation
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UAV follow law breaking suspectHow far can drone technology take us? Is it possible that, one day, dangerous high-speed police chases will be a thing of the past, as drones take on the pursuit role? Such a future
could make our roads safer and less congested as the need for emergency vehicles is reduced.
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UAV flight from USCGC Mackinaw• U.S. Coast Guard by law must keep channels/harbors open to navigation in the Great Lakes
• Objective: Enhance the USCG tools already available on board (such as binoculars and telescopes)………..up to 1 -mile or line of site in 20 mph wind…………….Ice conditions via photo and video
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Popularity & Proliferation of UAVs
• UAVs have been around for a long time!
• Several million privately-owned UAVs in the U.S.
• The Consumer Technology Association estimated that 400,000 UAVs were purchased during the 2015 Christmas holiday season
• The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) received more than 45,000 applications during the first two days of its registration program which began 12/21/2015
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Safety ConcernsIntegrating UAVs Into the National Airspace System
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Safety ConcernsEnsuring Accountability
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FAA Certification of Authorization (COA)
• No FAA fee for COA or Section 333 registration [FAA’s website; 333s are only issued to universities and non-governmental (private) entities].
• Engaging a company that specializes in COA and 333 exemption requests (~$1500) to prepare FAA compliant materials, will expedite the process (~4 months) and provide materials that FAA would very likely approve.
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Challenges for Public Sector Use
• Federal Aviation Administration regulations
• State legislation
• Internal policies & procedures
• Public perception
• Liability
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State Regulation of UAVs
SB 432 …………………… Bans flight within 1,000’ of the Mackinaw Bridge
SB 487/HB 4866 …….. Restrict operations over prisons/jails
SB 549/HB 5148 …….. Prohibits flight over State Capitol grounds
SB 700 ……………………. Bans flight over public lands, establishes operating limitations on UAS, specifies pilot licensing criteria for UAS operators
HB 4868 ……………….… Prohibits interference with a public safety activity (I.E. law enforcement or fire fighting) or the provision of a public utility
HB 5026 …………………. Establishes limitations on UAS use for law enforcement & data gathering
Michigan Legislature2015-2016 Session
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UAS Benefits for Transportation
Safety
Mobility
Savings
Efficiency
Legacy Liability
Economic Development
Minimize Lane Closures
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UAS Applications
Aerial inspections - infrastructure condition state and
assets management
Confined space inspections
Traffic operations monitoring
Photo imaging (high resolution photogrammetry)
Thermal infrared technologies
LiDAR surveying and mapping
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UAV PlatformsBergen Hexacopter ($5,500)
Mid-sized UAV – Phantom ($800)
Micro UAV ($150)
Blimp ($1,000)
Bergen Quad-8 heavy lift
Manufactured in Vandalia, Michigan
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Bridge Maintenance Inspection
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Bridge Maintenance Assessment & Asset Mgt
Waterproof UAV for underside
imaging of bridges over water
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Non-Destructive Evaluation of Bridge Elements
Used to detect surface conditions
– Bridge deck delamination, potholes, cracks,
patching, etc.
Overlapping imagery can be used to
generate 3D models to characterized
condition state of deck bridge
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Transportation Infrastructure Forensic
• Scour failure January 16, 2016, in Greece (University of Michigan)
• Failure location was physically inaccessible due to river
• Failure was mapped using high resolution photogrammetry principles
• Mapped using 649 photos from a UAS at different points of view within minutes
Modeling the information from the field provided:• 3D point cloud• Longitudinal cross‐section• Horizontal plane section to remove the bridge deck• Bridge pier displacement, horizontal rotation and vertical inclination
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Traffic Operations
Construction site imaging
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Confined Space Inspections
Capability to fly in confined
spaces– MDOT Pump Stations
Is it safe to send a person in?– unlit spaces
– assess environmental condition
state (air quality, etc.)
Successfully tested with live
video feed via iPhone
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Mapping Condition State of Unpaved Roads
3D mapping of potholes on unpaved road
3D point cloud of an unpaved road using photo/image reconstruction
Aerial photo of unpaved road from UAV
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UAV Thermal Infrared Scanning
Detection of subsurface condition
Infrared imagery automatically detects
delamination (left, green polygons)
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Michigan State Police - Crash Reconstruction
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UAV ~$250-$500 (does not include data processing)
Manual vs Unmanned Ariel System (UAS) Cost ComparisonsExample: Bridge Deck Inspection
MANUAL $4,600
User Delay Cost $14,600
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MDOT UAS Phase II Research (April 2016 – 2 year project)
1. MDOT rec’d FAA COA in March and MTU rec’d a Section 333 Exemption
2. Data collection capabilities
3. Use broad sensing technologies for three (3) MDOT assets
4. Ensure data collected accuracy/quality compared to current data collection
systems at MDOT
5. Provide Implementation Plan, User Guidance Document, and Training
6. Determine the return on investment (benefit/cost analysis)
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I’d Rather Be…………………………..
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Thank you!