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2015 International Spatial Planning Symposium: Sharing Practical Solutions
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Transcript of 2015 International Spatial Planning Symposium: Sharing Practical Solutions
2015 INTERNATIONAL MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING SYMPOSIUM: SHARING PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS
David Fluharty on behalf of many researchers and
collaboratorsOctober 6, 2015, URI
3‐Nov‐15 CMSP 2
Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning (CMSP): An idea whose time has come?
Presidential Executive Order 13547 of 19‐July‐2010 sets a high bar for CMSP in US:– Comprehensive – Regional– Integrated– Resilient [vis a vis hazards – economy]– Ecosystem Based Management– Best Available Science and Information
ICES CM 2013/I05 3
Strategic Advice on Designing and Implementing Coastal and Marine
Spatial Plans
Many options for marine spatial planning; What are the attributes of existing plans? Empirical review to compare Marine Spatial
Plans from around the world
Finding: Ecosystem Scale
Most plans are implemented at spatial scales smaller than ecosystem (red)
US regional planning areas are near the upper end of existing marine spatial plans
Mid-AtlanticNortheast
CaribbeanSouth AtlanticGulf of Mexico
West CoastAlaska/Arctic
Pacific IslandsShetland Isles
St. Kitts & NevisBelgium
Rhode Island SAMPMassachusetts OP
Maryland Oyster PlanWadden Sea Plan
Hawaii ORMCalifornia MLPA
German EEZNetherlands
Great Barrier ReefBaltic Sea
China MFZBarents Sea
Canada Oceans ActAustralia NMB
5e+02 5e+03 5e+04 5e+05 5e+06
plan > ecosystemplan = ecosystemplan < ecosystem
Plan area (km2) Plan area (Km2)
Plans
review
edUS region
al
areas
Finding: Implementation of Planning Process
• There were few, if any, institutional changes made in governing bodies to accomplish or implement CMSP.
• The primary modus operandi for National plans is to call upon existing agencies to cooperate in producing CMSP plans using existing authorities.
Finding: Formal Decision Support Tools
Spatial Plan Benefit‐Cost Analysis
Cost Effectiveness Analysis
Econ. Impact Analysis
StakeholderEvaluation
Informal Expert Judgment
Barents Sea, Norway X XBaltic Sea Action Plan Future plans X XWadden Sea Plan XNetherlands X X X X XCanada Oceans ActMassachusetts XRhode Island SAMP X XMaryland Oyster Plan XSt. Kitts and Nevis X X XCalifornia MLPA X X XChina
NMB of AustraliaGreat Barrier Reef X X X X X
Note: Stakeholder evaluation can be an informal method of undertaking a trade‐off analysis, where the weights on the different benefits/costs are “determined” in the process.
ICES CM 2013/I05 8
Main Messages – The Plan
• THERE IS NO SINGLE RECIPE FOR MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING ‐‐MANY THINGS MATTER:– Try to get to operational objectives;– Be meaningfully inclusive;– Have a clear mandate;– Match expectations to time and funding;– Pay attention to vertical and horizontal integration– Design for feedback and adaptive learning– State what constitutes success?
Main Messages – The Process
Value of MSP is not just the Plan it is the PROCESS* of bringing all parties together to make the plan because it:
– Clarifies objectives– Examines trade‐offs among objectives– Involves stakeholders [makes more legitimate and thus easier to implement and enforce – but it does take more time]
– Reduces conflictProcess must be repeated at intervals – No final plan rather continuous adaptation.
Take Home Message re: US Federal
• Large variation in process and outcome• Without adequate resources process is slow and less complete
• Lack of or disagreement about objectives (at different levels of government or in full stakeholder engagement) complicates the process
• Stay the course, we are on course.