2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA )...

23
EC ! ¢y˙|d˙ oECØ|d˙K p * oU (vVer.1.0§=1) 2015c728F 1! c{/´{ glk#Œg3ƒyª˝5]61n¥§?]´|d ˙eü§²L˘.k|d˙eü! ?u²L˘²L O˙eül˚E§;.kXŒid< 1 ! M! ı 31939 !1946cJ. 2 !¡/¢0¢-!. 3 #²LO. " cªıŒ.¥§ˆ·˜˜uŒg35]61n¥Jnd 4 § ıŒ.«@§=)\¿U5YO§d§EC * p£[email protected]u˘˘²L˘˜/§u˘£²L˘y]´ ˜nP" oU£[email protected]u˘˘˘²L˘˜/ø" 1 Thomas Robert Malthus(1798), An Essay on the Principle of Population, as it affects the future improvement of society with remarks on the speculations of Mr. Godwin, M. Condorcet, and other writers ; H¨5<6 § ˘§2008. 2 Harrod, Roy F. (1939). ”An Essay in Dynamic Theory”. The Economic Journal 49 (193): 14ı33.9Domar, Evsey (1946). ”Capital Expansion, Rate of Growth, and Employment”. Econometrica 14 (2): 137ı147. 3 Solow, Robert M. (February 1956). ”A contribution to the theory of economic growth”. Quarterly Journal of Economics (Oxford Journals) 70 (1): 65ı94 and ibid.(1957) ”Technical change and the aggregate production function”. Review of Economics and Statistics (The MIT Press) 39 (3): 312ı320. 9Swan, Trevor W. (November 1956). ”Economic growth and capital accumulation”. Economic Record (Wiley) 32 (2): 334ı361. 4 =/¢]k¯/Jp",˜@ø:3Œg²L˘¥/§mk<˜@3]k ¯/vpe|d˙eü(",A5¿§3Œg/OyS§]k¯/Jp ß·|d˙eüˇ§l5]61nUw§Œg`ªl]¨\?ø K" /N˜)u§LyC]o]Ø~¨\dd\@5˘§ )),¡§¨\ qL5/)?uC]?Ø~:0 £Œg 5]613§244§<§ 1

Transcript of 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA )...

Page 1: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

EâC�!¢yÇ���|dǵ

oØEâC�é��|dÇ�K�

p��∗ o�U†

(ÐvVer.1.0§�Õ=1)

2015c7�28F

1�! cóµ{¤�ÔÌÂ��{Ø

glk�#ê�g3¦y���ãÍ5]�Ø61nò¥§?Ø]�ÌÂ��|d

Çeü�ª³�§²LÆ.k'��|dÇeüª³!? ÚuвLÆ�'�²L�

ÑO�Ç�eüª³��ØÒl�ÊE§;.�kXê�id�<�Ø1!MÛ�!õç

31939!1946cJÑ��. 2!�¡�/¢â�¯0�¢â-�!�.3Ú#²LO��."

cã��õê�.¥§ÃØ´ÄÄuê�g35]�Ø61nò¥Ì�J��nd4§�

õê��.Ñ«@§=�)����Ý\¿ØU�5�±Y�O�§��dÓ�§EâC

∗p��£[email protected]¤§�u�Æ��Æ�²LÆïĤ§�u�Æ�£²LÆ�y�]�ÌÂ

ïĬ�nÖP"†o�U£[email protected]¤§�u�Æ�¬�ÆÆ�²LÆïĤù�"1Thomas Robert Malthus(1798), An Essay on the Principle of Population, as it affects the future improvement

of society with remarks on the speculations of Mr. Godwin, M. Condorcet, and other writers; H�åÈ5<�Ø6§

�®�ÆÑ��§2008.2Harrod, Roy F. (1939). ”An Essay in Dynamic Theory”. The Economic Journal 49 (193): 14õ33.±9Domar,

Evsey (1946). ”Capital Expansion, Rate of Growth, and Employment”. Econometrica 14 (2): 137õ147.3 Solow, Robert M. (February 1956). ”A contribution to the theory of economic growth”. Quarterly Journal

of Economics (Oxford Journals) 70 (1): 65õ94 and ibid.(1957) ”Technical change and the aggregate production

function”. Review of Economics and Statistics (The MIT Press) 39 (3): 312õ320. ±9Swan, Trevor W. (November

1956). ”Economic growth and capital accumulation”. Economic Record (Wiley) 32 (2): 334õ361.4=¤¢�]�kÅ�¤JpØ"·��,جÄ@ù�:3ê�g²LÆ¥�­�/ § �mk<Ä@3]�k

Å�¤vp��¹e|dǪ�eü�(Ø", A�5¿�§3ê�g��¤���OyS§]�kÅ�¤�Jp

ûØ´Úå��|dÇeü����ϧl5]�Ø61nò·���Uwѧê�g�Áãl]�È\��Ý?Øù

�¯K"

/�¬NÄ)�å�uЧLy��C]�Óo]��'�é~�ÚÈ\dd\��@5Ƨ)) ,��¡§È\

q�L5¤�)�å?�ÚuÐÚ�C]�?�Ú�é~��å:0£ê�gµ5]�Ø613ò§244�§<¬Ñ��§

1

Page 2: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

1�! cóµ{¤�ÔÌÂ��{Ø

�£½)�Ç�Jp¤òkÏu|dǽ²LO�Çþ,"3ê�g²LÆ¥§duþ�

­VF�ênê�g²LÆ.JÑk¶�/�í½n0§�ØqÌ��7XEâC�é

��|d�K��^"

, ÃØ´Ü�Ì6²LƧ�´é��Ü©ê�g²LÆö§¦�3�{ØþÑ�

ê�gké��É"

Äk§¦�éEâC��|dÇ�©Û�õ´lpÝÄ���.Ñu§ÏLüÌ{�

ä3�½^�e�½«a�EâC�é��|dÇ�½þK�", ¯¢þù¿Ø´ê

�g��{"ê�g�,�$^Ä�üÌ{§�´��ù��{�cJ§ê�g�Ä�´

l²�y¢Ñu§�3{¤Úy¢��¬(��Ä�A�"/ê�gÌÂÓ�í½�¬

�(�Ú§���p'X"��EÚ§���p'X��ué,��^�£§��,´

�ª�û½Ï�§�ûØ´���À�Ï�¤�XÚ�ÕA'é�ª£mode de renvoi¤§

ù��^��)u�¬¢3�Ô�Ä:�)�!2)�^�"Ðm'uù(�§§�

�©!z!§��ÏJ59§��ÑyÚ���7,^��nا�Ò´ò{¤ï��

�Ƨò§Ðm�6��oÚ�(J!Ðm�-g�1§¥��£�¤äN�2y .50§

éw,§ê�g´ò²�­.��å:�"/äN�¤±äN§Ï�§´Nõ5½�nܧ

Ï ´õ�5�Ú�"Ïd§3g�¥Ly�nÜ�L§§Ly�(J§ Ø´Ly�å

:§�,§´y¢�å:§Ï �´�*ÚL��å:6"0

ª,§/¯¢þ§ÏL©Û5Ïém����­�Ø%§'�L5l���y¢)¹

'X¥Úѧ�UI/ª�N´�õ"0�´/�¡ù«�{´����ÔÌÂ��{§

Ï �´���Æ��{"70éu�EâC�!¢yÇÚ��|dÇù��p'X

ó§¦+ò§�kw�3(�Ü!Øä�d{¤û½�A½´»�ÕáCþ§3ïÄL

§¥¬4�/ü$Jݧ, ùéu·�@£�{¤û½�²�¯¢§ Ø´�ï�û½

{¤�é²�¯¢�@£§´ÎóÃ�"

Ùg§�8�ê�g²LÆïÄ�k�«ølê�g�{Ø�dPzª³§¦�Ø

´²(/Áãlê�g�Æ`¥�lÑ/X{�0²L�Æ£X��÷õ§ë�¤§Ò´

3¯¢þl¦�n)�!üX�/²L�Ý0Ñu�y¢­.�õ­�E"ùõ�É

l�;�£²LÆ�²LÆ ~�K�§ê�g²LÆ�Ø�Øéd�Ñ£A§, �

X©kÛ¤ó§/Ø´²LÄÅ3{¤)º¥�Ä�/ £Vorherrschaft¤ § ´oN

£Totalitat¤�*:§¦ê�gÌÂÓ]��?�Ækû½5�«O8"0§Ïd§ù«ª³

=BØ´éê�g��^z§�J<T�z��I"

2004.¤Ø=3Ü�²LÆ¥§$�3ê�g²LÆSܧ�kØ�Æö�\²�ÌÂ�õU̧ �À§�´

]�È\Ú)�åuÐ�m�­�û½'Xâ´íÄ]�ÌÂ��|dÇ$Ä�ÌϧkÅ�¤�CÄØL´ù�XÚ

�(����ý¡ ®"5Maurice Godelier(1969). ”RationalitW et IrrationalitW en Economie”§¥~;i¯£1984¤7Gª� ÓU̸!

\E̸!Ub&0̸8§7�1�cj¤Ün5��Ün58§I©�§496-497�"¥©È5õUÌÂ!(�ÌÂ�

ê�gÌÂ6d�©�ö�âF©�¤È§rN��©�ö¤\"6k�#ê�gµ5ê�g��d�86130ò§42�§<¬Ñ��§1995.7ê�gµ5]�Ø61�ò§589, 410�§<¬Ñ��§2004.8©kÛµ5��ê�gÌÂö�ÛÞ#©Ü�6§Àg5{¤��?¿£6179�§ûÖ<Ö,§1999.

2

Page 3: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

1�! ]�ÌÂEâC��(��A�

1n§�XÅ=Z�¤ó§1��²LƲ~�\õUÌÂ�Y�§l duõU

��éÌ*5§¦�Ø�;�/3{¤¯Kþ�\�%ÌÂ9", §=B´I�Å=Z

/¢3ÌÂ0��v�&�J�6§��´Ê33�Ñ«1�¬'X�¢N))²L�

Ô))ù�Úþ"XJ`õUÌÂ�´`²²Ly��7�5§ ¢3ÌÂ�´?�Ú

`²ù�y����3��gñN§@o{¤�ÔÌÂK��`²ù�L§�7,5"

Xê�g¤ó§/²LÆ[��·�)º)�N�3þã'Xe?1§�´vk`²ù

'X��´N��)�§�Ò´`§vk`²�)ù'X�{¤$Ä10"0

�U­#ïáý���²�­.§l ´é²�­.�¢3�(�Ú'X��

*@£§�©òÁãl]�ÌÂ�Ý����/ªÑu§�·��A�@£XÚ))E

âC�!¢yÇÚ��|dÇ))�m®��ïÓ(�Ú�p'X§Ïé§��{¤û½

���A�Ú$Ä5Ƨ3ù�Ä:þ§�uy)) Ø´u²))]�ÌÂ)�eù�

�N(�e��Ü©�¢3�pÄ'X"/ù�¬'X�*))�<l¦��²L'

Xg,�Ñ�£ù'X�¤�«L� ))´¦����Ñu:"l §ùL�§Ó

±<�)¹Ù¥��¬y¢��â����&g§õõ��´Ä����+�"�´�X

ù«���&g§��<âU3£¦�¤)¹�¤�¬y¢¥£³/X�¬y¢¥y3

¦�¿£¥�L�!*§ù�¦����Ñu:¤@£�¬y¢"110@o§Ò4·�

lù�¿Ø�t!�´��U-�·���-��ª:�Þª�»Ñuj"

1�! ]�ÌÂEâC��(��A�

·��IK�Ù/`²§·�3ù�!Øã�é�¿�´ÊH�EâC�§ ´]

�ÌÂe�EâC�"ª,§EâC�´)�]�ÌÂ�Ý�{¤7,5��§l�mþ

5w§EâC�w,3]�ÌÂ�Ý�c", §4·�£�åê�g��{Ø"{�|

�o(ê�g���#�ANd3�{Øþ�ü��Ó:µ

1�:´§7Lò�¬'Xn)�/�XÚ0�/¤ö¿±d?1©Û§ù«�{Ø

�K"�e51�:´§3©ÛùXÚ��)�c§7Lk©Û¦��S35Æ��

K"£{�|�µ5²L¥�n5��n56§F©�487�"¥©��©�ö¤È"¤

w,§ê�g�éUì�mk��^S©ÛXÚÚ(�§ù´Ï�µ

r²L�ÆU§�3{¤þåû½�^�k�gS5ü�´Ø1�§�Ø�"§§§���

���gggSSS���´ddd§§§���333yyy���]]]������???���¬¬¬¥¥¥������ppp'''XXXûûû½½½���§§§ùùù«««'''XXXÓÓÓLLLyyyÑÑÑ555���

§§§������ggg,,,gggSSS½½½öööÎÎÎÜÜÜ{{{¤¤¤uuuÐÐÐ���gggSSSTTTÐÐÐ������"""¯KØ3u�«²L'X3ØÓ

�¬/ª��U�O�S�¥3{¤þÓk�o/ "�Ø3u§�3/*gþ0£Æ°

9¢3ÌÂéõUÌÂ�1�§�ë�µv�&�JÍ!�¶�ȶ5²L<aÆ6§�®µûÖ<Ö,§1997.10ê�gµ5óÆ�«(611Maurice Godelier(1969)§)ÒS�i��©�ö¤\"

3

Page 4: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

2.1 ]�ÌÂN�eEâC��(� 1�! ]�ÌÂEâC��(��A�

À¤£3'u{¤$Ä�����L�¥¤�^S" 3u§�3y�]��?�¬S

Ü�(�"£ê�gµ5�£²LÆ1��ó6§5�86130ò§49�"rN��©�ö

¤\"¤

²L'X��¤/�§@«3L¡þ!3ù«'X�y¢�3¥§l 3ù«'X�

«úöÚ�n<Áã`²ù«'X�¤±k�*g¥Ñy��¤/�§´Úù«'X�

S3�!���!�´ÛÛÛ---XXX���Ä�SN±9���·A�Vg�Ø�Ó�§¿�¯¢

þ´666������ÚÚÚ���������"£ê�gµ5]�Ø613ò§231�§rN��©�ö¤\"¤

Ïd§k4·��ù«Ó*gþ�^S���!y�]�ÌÂ�¬¥EâC��(

�"

2.1 ]�ÌÂN�eEâC��(�

·�±en��!��ò©Ol(���!(��SÜpÄ!(���N$Än�

�Ý?1"

4·�Äk£�ê�gØã�]�ÌÂN�e§)�Ú2)��oL§"

��d3uLê�g)c¿��Ü�¤�5]�Ø6Ãv�§é5]�Ø6nò©

O/]����)�L§0!/]��6ÏL§0Ú/]�ÌÂ)��oL§0n�BI

K§3Ù¥§Ï�ê�g�kÖ¿6ÏL§�¿��Oy§1�òw��á§�Ò�N

ó§·��ê�g��´»´���"/]�ÌÂ)��ªÓÚ£/ ��¬�ãL§

Ly�-��û¬æÈ.§ü��û¬Ly�ù«ãL���/ª"Ïd§·��ïÄ

Òl©Ûû¬m©12"0Ò]�ÌÂ)��ª���A� ó§û¬)��AT��·�

��å:"

3�£²LÆ.S§vk<'k�#ê�g���/�«Ûõ3û¬ù«y¢/

�e��­á5"/åз�w�§û¬´�«�­�Àܧ=¦^d�Ú��d�130§

w,§û¬�g,á5ج4§¤�û¬§Ï�g,�ÔU,Ø´û¬"û¬��­á5

5gu¦û¬¤�û¬�Nħ§��­514"<aNÄ«OuÄÔ1����A�§3

u<aNÄäk8�5§´Ì*�u�*!¿£ÚÔ��¢�5Ú�"/dgC�¬�¦

^d�½ödgC�¬´¦^d�5L«gC�k^5�Nħ·�{¡�k^NÄ0§

ÏL¢�1�4gC�¿ã¢y3Ô�þ§g,�Ô¤NÄ�¬§3æ�û¬/��

�¬¥§¤û¬�O�/�"/z�û¬�¦^d�Ñ�¹X�½�k8��)�¹Ä§

½k^NÄ"0k^NÄÏ�8�5�ØÓ§´±p�éá�/�Ñy�§§LyNÄ�

¬Ø´�E¤ÎÜ@�<�¿��¦^d�§ �½´Uìù�<�¿�/¤¦^

d�"/,,3û¬)�ö��¬p§��Õá)�ö�h¯ �gÕá?1��«k^

NÄ�ù«��«O§uФ��õ|�NX§uФ�¬©ó0§ /ù«©ó´û¬

12ê�gµ5]�Ø611ò§5�86144ò§47�§2001.13ibid.54�"14ù�:�@´dê�gJÑ�"ëìk�#ê�g5�£²LÆ1�61859cy��§12!13��"

4

Page 5: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

2.1 ]�ÌÂN�eEâC��(� 1�! ]�ÌÂEâC��(��A�

)��3�^�150",�>§¦g,Ô�Ô�/�u)UC�NħXJÄ�Ù��k

^NÄ�éá5�§¤��Ò´��<aNÄ�üXѤ§ù´��Uu)�cJ))

<ج�g,��¬½ÄÔ��¬��"

�5§k^NÄ��<aNÄ�8�§AT´�É<a'%�+�§/NÄ��¦^

d��MEö§��k^Nħ´Ø±���¬/ª�=£�<a)�^�§´<Úg,

�m�Ô�C�=<a)¹�±¢y�[ð�g,7,5160§, §3/��Ñ6�0

�]�ÌÂ�¬¥§é]�[ ó§���k^NÄ9ÙME�¦^d�� �Ä�¤

vk?Û�O�û¬))d��1N§ ��Ã�O�<aNÄѤ�d�©z�¦�¤

�Ú|d"û¬)�æ��ù«]�ÌÂ�)��ª§û½d�)�Úd�¢y�g

ñ§û½ø��I¦!)���¤�gñ"ù�gñ¿�X§ÃØ]�[2Noé¦^

d�Ø���§Ãئ2No­Àd�§¦ÑØ�ر¦^d��/ª¢yû¬�d�"

�¢y�õ�û¬d�§¦¤U�����ÀJÒ´O\¦¤|��¦^d�þ))ÃØ

´ÏL*��þO\¦^d��oþ§�´O\ü û¬�¦^d�þ"

y34·�£LÞ5ww�í&<é]�[Ú\EâC��ÄÏ�ínµ/]�[´

ÄÚ\��#Eâ¿Ø�ûuÙ´ÄUJpNÄ)�ǧ ´�ûuÙUÄü$)�¤

�"-)�ÇOK.ØÓu-¤�OK.170"XJ·��my¢�]�ÌÂ)�(�§�

m��{¤^��y¢¿b�]�[U��UìgC�¿��E­.))�,XJU�

�ù�:§§Ò®²Ø2I�ÏLEâC�ü$gC�¤�))�{§ù�b�éØ�

3?Û� �°TÖª�]�[½N�´'�Ün�", §Ò�/¥Úåج�e`Y

�<��§{¤^�Úy¢�ج�ï·��]�[k)"Äk§EâC��u)ر]

�[�¿��=£§EâC���Ý!u)�o��Eâ�#ØÉ]�[��"Ùg§3

¿��^�e§]�[vk/ÀJ0EâC���å§=Bù�Eâ�#ØU�¦�5?

Ûü$¤��Ð?§ÑuÓÙ¦]�[¿��I�§¦�7LÚ\wþ�¿Øy��Eâ

�#"��§�í²LÆ))Ó�õêÜ6·Ï�Ü�²LÆ�Ó))��ØÚ\/]

�̪�6�0��§Ï�¤�´Äü$´Eâ�#Ú\��(J§ Ø´Ú\Eâ�

#��Ï"¤��CÄ´�{¤û½�Eâ�#éyk�)�(�Ú¿�'X±9ü

��?'X��K����(J"

3]�ÌÂ)��ªe§û½Eâ�#Ú¤�'X�¿��í²LƤ�Ñ�¤�

OK))ù�ØL´��6��g�§§r(Jw��ϧréX�Ü©w�Õá�Ü©

))§ ´û¬�­á5�éá9��ù�éá�NÄ�­5Ú{¤5��?'X"

3]�ÌÂ�û¬)��¹e§]�[|d�û½5Ï�ûØ´�¬¤�§Ï�o|

dØ´dod�~�o¤�ù«~{�Ñ5�§ ´¯k®²MEÑ5§ÏLo�{d�

þ¦±¢yÇ�¦{¢y�"Ïd§EâC�K�|d�å»Ø´�í²LƤ¢�ü$

�¬�¤�§§�|d�'X´3��­�(�e))��¡§Eâ�#��û½�

15ibid. 55-56�"16ibid.17�í&<£1961¤.Technical Changes and the Rate of Profit, Kobe University Economic Review, Vol.7, pp.85-

99.ã��È5EâC��|dÇ6§5�Æ�ïÄ62010c17ϧ49�"

5

Page 6: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

2.1 ]�ÌÂN�eEâC��(� 1�! ]�ÌÂEâC��(��A�

)�Ñ5�o�{d�þ§§´��|d��� �¶,��¡§EâC�m�ÏLUC

)�(�!UCü��?'XK��¬¢yǧùû½]�[��{d�U¢yõ�"é

u]�[ ó§�ö´��J±rº�Cê§Ïd·�r§���©Ì���é�§

cöâ´]�[ý��ÄÅ"

�ÙEâC�¤?�)�(��§·�âUn)§]�[Ú\EâC��8�3u

¢yME�õ|d�Ô�Ä:§=)�ÇJp"-NÄ�m�L§NÄrÝ�S§¢Só

]Ç�R18§K�{d�mMEª�±Lã�m = S ∗ L(1−R)"@o§Jp�{d�w,I�JpNÄrݽö~�éNÄ�|G"XJ`y��6Y�!Åì�ó�)�!�V

+nN�Ú6§©ó�[z��Jp)���Ý£)�ÇJp¤�{§NÄrÝ��A

�d)��Ý�ù«Jp��O\§éd§XJ·��±¢Só]ÇØC))3¯¢þ§

·��é�w�Ú\Åì�è�¬JpNÄöó]§Èw`Ï�N]åþu)UC§¢S

ó]Ç�keü�ª³))�{§�{d�w,´þ,�"Ïd]�[®²kv�ÄÅ

æBEâC�"

y34·��,���ݧ=d�¢yù�+�m�Þ"3]�ÌÂ�Ýe±��

a´¯¤±��~£§·�ÏLe¡ù�{ü��.`²¿�'XXÛ°¦X]�[u

ı��a�Eâ�#Ô�"·�b��3ü�]�[§¦��)��Ç©O�η1, η2§

¦�3IO�Ç1e)���{d�þ�M1ÚM2§¢y�o|d�©O�R1ÚR2§¢y

Çr´o�{d�þM = η1M1 + η2M2��g�5¼ê£a�~ê§�r���30 1�m¤§

��Bå�·��ÑXe�|d¢yªµ

M = η1M1 + η2M2

r = 1− aMR1 = r × (η1M1)

R2 = r × (η2M2)

(1)

XJrü�]�[�¢y|dLy�)�ÇÚ�þ�¼ê§��Bå�§·�b�ü

�]�[3IO�Ç1e)��d�þþ�1§u´·�kµ

R1 = −aη21 + (1− aη2)η1 − aη2R2 = −aη22 + (1− aη1)η2 − aη10 < a(η1 + η2) < 1

(2)

Ï�ü�]�[�|d¼ê´é¡�§Ïd·��I?ØÙ¥����¹=�"�

e5·�5y²±eü:µ£1¤!Ù¥��]�[JpgC�)�ǧ٢y|d�CÄ

´Ø(½�¶£2¤!Ù¥��]�[JpgC�)�ǧ¬ü$,��]�[�¢y|d§

=¦ÏLEâ�#���é,��]�[�`³"

18R´��0u0 1�¢ê"

6

Page 7: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

2.2 EâC��2)� 1�! ]�ÌÂEâC��(��A�

éu£1¤§��3?Û�¹e§η1�þ,Ѭ��R1eü§K7,kð¤á�Ø�ª

|µ0 < a(η1 + η2) < 1

η1 >1− aη2

2a

(3)

, �η1 → 0�§w,þãØ�ªØ¤á§Ïd(Ø£1¤�y"

éu£2¤§dR1 = −a(η1+1)η2−aη21§w,�η1ØC�§R1éη2üN4~"Ïd§ü

�]�[�Eâ�#�,Ø�½U���gC�5|ç�(¢�±/±��a0" 3

·��Ä�¿�NX¥§ù¿�X3ò5�Æ�¥§ü�]�[�/ ´Øé��§¦�

�ü ¤�!d�oþ!¢yÇÚ¢yoþÑòÉ��gÆ��K�"

du32)�L§¥§dc��ã]�È\���ýG]�Ú|dþ��åòØä

*�§@oÓn§��±¿�/ �²ï§XJé�skæ�Eâ�#§¤k�]�

[Ñò�\�½æBEâ�#�§ä(¸¥"�Ò´`§û½]�[¿��Ø%3]�[

¿£¥�|dÑyc§Ò®²d)�Ç(½"@o��o�íÚÌ6²LÆÑ�Àù

�:Qº

Ø�Ø`§¯K3uÌ6²LÆÚên²LÆéÄ�üÌ{�E^"du²LÆïÄ

�´y¢­.§ÑÖ�´y¢­.§ÏdME��Úy¢­.جk?Û�8�b��*

W­.جk?Û¿Â"²LÆ�8�û½Ä�üÌ{¤á�cJ3u?1Ün�Ä

�§ùÒ¿�X§²L¹Ä�y¢(�Ú��ù�y¢(��{¤^�´Ø�±�Ä�K

�"²�­./Q´Ñu:§q´ª:0"

�X��£A�%ÌÂ!/ªÌÂ�*:��Ñ�1�µ/, §²düÌíní�

Ñ�²�§ÓL§�N9����Ñu�üX�²�´ØÓ�",,>fw�ºÏL4·

�w�¢3�©f§�Ñ©f(��ª4yâ"�Ò�´ù��¤õ§�UCØ3

ò5©fAT´Ã{��^Súw��ù�¯¢190§Ón§�l{¤5Ú²�y¢5

��.¥§�b½Ñ5�A½�EâC�7,Jp½�±��|dÇØC§¿Ø¿�X

|dÇJp�Eâ�#�Ä�8�))ù´�«ÏJ��))§�Ø¿�X3y¢�]�

ÌÂ�Ýe��|dÇ�eüª³¬ÏEâC���UC"

2.2 EâC��2)�

3(á·�éy¢(�?1©Û��{ا¿�¤é(��ÐÚ©Û�§·�I

�ݺ¿£ã(��$Ä5Ƨ3dÄ:þ�äA½Cþ�Ü��n�UCé(�$Ä

D�éXÚ�K�"�d§ké�)(��{¤^�?1©Û�Ú½´7Ø���"@

o§Ø�4·�k'5{¤þAg�5��EâC�§¿o(§����Ó:"

ù¿Ø´��(J�L§§Ï�î8��§3­.5�þÐm�EâC�Ñ�)±

/ó��·0�¡Ò§É�5g�¬ÌÂÚ]�ÌÂ|±öV��7�", §éù«�

19��#�ANd(1960):On manipulated sociological models§Bijdragen tot de taal land-en volkenkunde, The

Hague, p.53.

7

Page 8: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

2.2 EâC��2)� 1�! ]�ÌÂEâC��(��A�

¥��S�Eâ�#)�±/ó�0�·¡����§ÒJ«·�)�¯K��²"

Äk§ogó��·Ñ�@�)!Ê93ó�+�¶1�§Eâ�·¥yÑl)�+��

�¤+�*Ñ�ª³¶1n§zg/ó�0�·�ªÑ­�<a�)¹�ª§l Úu

#�gñ!ME#��U5§X<��Å!U �ű9�déA�>U!zÆU!

�fUÚ&E�"

ù�§·�ÒU(á?ØEâC�2)��ü^»´µ3Äϧ)�EâC��Ô�

Ä:!)�|�/�±9<a�¬(�¶ÉEâC�­��<a)¹�ª!)��ª�C

�§ÏLUE�¬(�Ú)�|�/�§2)�#�EâC�"3ù�Ä:þ§4·�{

�£�<a{¤þ�ogó��·"

�)3=I�1�gó��·§3Eâþ��;.Ny´�ðÄå"3ùg�·¥§

�Æþ�â»!Eâþ�â»ÚEâ�¢SA^¿Ø´��ë0�L§§Ï�ùC��

�§�¬���?(��uÐ?Ý¿ØÚ�"d¥­Vû<�?gdÌÂ)��©²E,

Úé�$ħdu���¬Ù¦�?§g�+��Õáu�¬)�§±9duµïÌÚm

�+E�Ú£�?SÜgñ§�kÑyC�z��§3dÄ:þ§�Æ+�òÑ1�

Ú";�X§�@Ñy]�ÌÂ)��=Iu)Äå⻧ã�åo!ä�]�ÌÂ5

��Ê°¬N�/ÌB�×�Ú?Eâ¤J§��3�þg�à²L�{IHÜ

±9À�I[§ùg�·¤J�A^$��ò��e�gó��·"��ùgó��·

�(J§=Iïá­.u�§¿3�¥ïáû¬�¬/ù��#�²L|�/ª§l

(á4r��ä|d"É�gEâ�·�K�§]�ÌÂ)��ªm©3�¿�/«Ú

{IÊ9§J|Xó�|�!1��ä|�!Õ1!�¬Å����X�)�|�Ú�¬

pÄ�ªm©u)UC§�ú�]�È\m©\�"é�¥Ù¦/« ó§Ù�k��¬

2)�(���»§�½�É]�̽�¬�)��ª§� rz!r?mÌI�]

�ÌÂÈ\"

]��È\ME)�1�gó��·))Ù;.EâNy�z�Äå§ zÆ+�

�â»K��r¤zÆó��/¤§l �>íz!gÄzÚ$Ñ�·�eÔ�Ä

:))�²L(�"§�Ì�)�ÚuÐ|¤´ff�¤Ú�½¢yÕá��I£/

«¤!{IÚF�"3ügó��·m�ϧùI[�¤�¬(���?�Ü©ÓÚ§

3�Iïá±]�ÌÂ)��ª�Ì���¬(�§±9�ù�(�p�r?��X

�|�/ªµNÄ��!)���8¥!J¦�þ£Ï�#�¬(��*ÜMEC�Ã

¡�I¦¤��"31�gó��·�§]�È\\�§�I20!{IÚF�Ñy�ä

|�§Õá��ÆïÄm©Úè�ïuKÜ"�É4p|d�=I�¬]�̧du

U«c��ã�IS½|�ä§IS¿�¿Ø-�§]�È\?§£)�8¥L§¤�

ú§Eâ�#Ê9Ç�$"Äuù«�ɧ]�ÌÂI[�£!²L(��É�\ز

ï§2IÌÂI[Ú2IÌÂÔ�����5"

1ngó��·§Ù�L5Eâ�#u)3�fU+�"�cüg�{¤�µkwÍ

20É1848c��·�}�K�§�Ió�z�Ì�åþ´]��?5N�/̧�F��Ó§du{¤�ϧN�B

xU)�I[��(Ü;�§3ù���k�¬(�e§)�|�/ª��kI[Ì����"

8

Page 9: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

2.2 EâC��2)� 1�! ]�ÌÂEâC��(��A�

ØÓ§1ngó��·u)3üg­.�ÔÚeÔ�ϧù�g§)�Eâ�·�â»5

Eâ�u)|¤dè�!ïÄ¿=£�I["���g­�C��Eâ(J§Ì�2I

ÌÂI[7á�õ!­zó�!�.�E�¢y�¡�ä§ù´�yÔ�ù��¤õ

/?\)¹+� ¿vkÚåî­)�L��­��ϧ�´)���Eâ!Ê�ÊUE

â!gÄzÚÅì<Eâ�§K"Ó�§1ogó��·��ФJ))O�ÅEâ))

�3�Ô"Ï�)"3�¬(��¡§2IÌÂI[LÞ�I[�ä]�ÌÂ�㧲

L�ål�Xd8¥3�ê<Ã¥"ù´Ï�§Ô�!�Ô�I¦¦�¬�²L�å!²

L��8¥uI[��Ã¥§Ô��ã�Ô]�Ñ�¦�����4p�)�ǧ3Ô�

;��²LN�S§]��È\±c¤�k��Ý?Ч/]��È\��±9�� 5

�]�Èà§�5Ò´Jp)�å���Ô�Ãã210§ ²L�OyzÚI[²LÚ�

�|�Ä:§�´)��pÝ�¬zÚ�5���!ª���¬'X� "

·��3²{�1ogó��·�Ñ&Ez�áÒ§§�¢y�±`�´þ�g

ó��·�g,(J"pÝ�]�Èà�L5\�]��*ܧ��]�*ÜÃãÚ(

J�)���¬z!I[���0\§KJø�g&Ez¤I���Ô�m|Ä:"

É]�*Ü7�5ÚEâ�·7,5�V­K�§/Ï&Ez�7K]�l¢Ô]�¥

Õá"

7K]�§duÙ#�EâÄ:£&Ez¤Ú�¬(�Ä:£�ä!�¥z¤§¦§

3ù��ãLyÑc¤�k�*Ü5§ù�)µ1!î{�IòIS��õ<�°`�N

Äå½|§�dI��~�?m|±�EL�<�!�~�¬�æ!ü$¢Só]Ƕ2!

�»1n­.I[é¬xó���o§�NrNgd¿�£ Ø´gd�?¤�#gdÌ

§ò1n­.I[�<�Ú)����ÜB\NÄå½|Ú)���½|§�u�ä]

�Ú��e¶3!fz�?�²L�å§rN¥Õ1Õá5§¢�´ò²L�å£��

7K]�§ME�k|u7K]�¹�!*Ü��¸"

du7K]��*Ü��¡ò�þ<�°`\ídNÄå½|§,��¡q�f

�?éNÄå��o!?�Úü$ó�]��²þ|dÇl O\�E���§�é<�

L�l�3Xd��<�Äêþ¢y22§ù�1n���uÐJøýZ�Ŭ"7K

]�|^)��¬zNÄ�L�<�§�1n��cÙ´ÑÖ�Jø�þídNÄå§

¦�gEâ�#¥yÑV�¿?�A�µ��¡§3�.�E�Ü�§pÝ��äÚ�½

]��8¥MEÑ��q��EâL§�#Úkà�¬�#¶,��¡§31n��Ü

�§NÄ�8¥���¦)¹¬��¬�#�5�ª�"

p*ogó��·�?§§·��NUݺEâC���¬(�!)�|�/��p

Ä'X§EâC��´3ù«pÄ'X¥�Øä2)�Ñ5�"

1�§Eâ�·�i\3�¬��?(�¥§§�u)Ú$ÄÉ��¬�?�uÐ

21k�#ê�gµ5]�Ø613ò§5�86144ò§243�§2001.22�,N���Ç¿vk���þ,§�´·�I�5¿±e3�¯¢µ1!NÄë�Ç!o<�¥�NÄ<�êþ

¥y²wþ,ª³¶2!��ÇÅÄeü§�­Úþ,§cö´NÄ<�Äê*��7,(J§�öK´#gdÌÂ�

/¤Ò0¶3!ó�O��ú§ö\²Lª��\Ï £X2015ccÐî³1�QE!2014cF�1éQQE�ü�*

�±9={1dué$Ïä�úb~�\EÚx�¤§«L�å*�"

9

Page 10: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

2.3 (����5Æ 1�! ]�ÌÂEâC��(��A�

9ÙpÄ'X£X�?åþé'!)�|���Ç�¤�K�§EâC��Ú?���U

C�¬��?�$Ä;,ÚÙ� /ª£Xl©Ñ¿��I[�䤧/¤]�ÌÂ

uÐ�kUزï5Ú/�ä��©È\230¶1�§Eâ�·�¦�½§Ý�]�È\§

�d§8¥)�]�ÚNÄ���ó�§8¥k��£!E,��ÚE,NÄ��Æ

ïÄÅ'´Eâ�·��)|¤§ù|¤�/¤��´c��ã)�|�Ú�¬(�

pÄ�(J24¶1n§Eâ�·r¤)���¬z§)��¬z\�Eâ�·�*Ѷ

1o§Eâ�·É{¤^���§¿��Ï��¬(�Ú)�|�/�£§����´{

¤L§�7,(J¤û½§�Ï�Eâ�·�±4�/UC�¬(�Ú)�|�/�§¿

ÚuëY$Ä"

�e5§·�I��ù�pÄ'Xé�¬XÚ�N�$Ä�)N��K�"

2.3 (����5Æ

3&?(�SÜ�pÄ'X�§·�ÒA�@£�§XÚ�N�$Ä5Æ�´Äu

(��y¢5§X{�|�¤óµ /,«)��ª�uÐ��O�7,5§¿Ø´l�

�{¤�5�¥üÌÑ5�"§LyA½��¬(���*A5))ÙÑy�u�õU

��O^�"�¬'X±§gC�(��ÌA½�õU{K§§��uÐ(á#�5

�!rz7,5¿�m#��U5"Ïd§�¬(�´É5�+�Ó�)�5��y

¢25"0·�Q��5�EâC�ù�ä¡�y¢§Ó����ÏéEâC��)�|

�/�!�¬��'X�ù«pÄ!ù«uЧXÛ/(á#�5�0!/�m#��

U50"

ù�?Ö´Xdqã Ó�§±�u·��Ul�÷*��¡pA�¹XEâC�

��¬XÚ´XÛC��§�Ò´l�©�¬!¥­V�¬£µï�ÚÀ��¤!]�Ì

Â�¬��¬ÌÂ�¬�ù�C�§§�S3Ü6Ú7,5"¤3§3þ�Ú�©Û¥·

�®²V)ogó��·���?§§·��I�3�÷���m�µeo(§��

uÐÒ�±"

NÄ))é(<�° ­.ÚÔ�­.!¦<�äN¿�3�*­.¥¢y���Ã

ã))¦<¤�<§¦<¤��¬�<§¿3dÄ:þ/¤<�<�m'X�oÚ))

�¬"NÄ�ù«3Ì*��*!¿��y¢!Ô�<Ú<�<�ù«xù�^§Ú¡�

)�'X§§�ù«�^�7,�!±Y�u�Ú¢y§Ú¡�)�¹Ä"

�,3����¡þ§<a�¬XÚÉ�g,5Æ��§�§ÏLgC�uÐ))Ï

LØä�#gC�SÜ(�§=´`)�åÚ)�'X�­�û½�p�í?))U�

23ù�VgØÓu]���©È\"§L²§�ä]�ÌÂ�ã�äè�Ú��è���O´kU�§´3¤¢�g

k]�ÌÂ��Ò®²/¤!�û½�"24ó��Ú�ïÅ'��5�Ñy´�)�L§{¤û½�§ Ø´��§c��ã��¬)��§�JøÔ�Ä

:§c��ãÈ\��¬gñJøùC�)��Äå "25Maurice Godelier(1969)§113�"¥È©5�¬ÌÂ�/7,5�`�50))�Æ!¿£/�!<©ÌÂ6d�

©�ö�âF©�¤È§rN���ö¤\"

10

Page 11: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

k�Ç/3ù���S¢ygC�I¦"Ó�§Eâ�#9Ù*Ñ�,�É�<a�¬(

�!)�|�/����§�§�ÏLJp)�å��ªíÄ)�'X�ØäC�§�g

CME#��U5"

�ì�cì�C�!<åTå�Å�å�C�!Å�z�gÄz�C�,,Ñ�Ì

ù��Ú�$Ä5Æ"=§Ég,5��<a�¬XÚS���?��!§��$ÄG�

9ÙQ���p'X)�A½�EâC�§A½�EâC�9Ù*ÑÄkUCg,

�¸��§±93Ó�Ü�¸e<a�¬��A´»26§cöÏL#�g,XÚ-<a

�¬fXÚ�û½'X���öÓ��»´§l °Ä<a�¬�(����Cz§±9

§���p'X!åþé'!$Äå»�Cz§3ù#�Cze§#�<a�¬XÚò

¬2)��A�A½EâC�"

�̤�§4·�lù�÷��{¤;,¥§Ïé�·�¤?�]�ÌÂ�ã§�

]�ÌÂ)�'Xeù�XÚ�äN$Ä"

1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

3�Ù¥§·�Áã�Ñ«OuÌ6²LÆÚÜ©ê�g²LÆ�©Û§Ì�´ò

·��©Û�uäN�]�ÌÂ/�e"Xê�g�Ñ�@�§/y¢�Å�Ul]�Ì

Â)��y¢$Ä!¿�Ú&^¥ÚÑ27"0"d%à�`µ /����E,�äNy�§

�Å´Ø�U35]�Ø6¤�½�Ä�Y²þ5¿©/\±©Û�280Q,5]�Ø6

�nòÑJ±Ðmy¢��Ånا��Ì6²LÆ=^�ü�{ü�.Ò£ãÑ�´

N�{§���­.§���·�3�©¥½J±Ðm'u)�å!EâC���Å�n

ا�´��·�U©Ûù�y¢­.����᧿²(§Ú(��N�'X"

�UäN£ãy¢�]�ÌÂ)�'X§�Ù�©�n��!§©OéA��]

�Ì£gd¿�]�̽�Ä��]�ÌÂ�¬���5Ƥ�¬�EâC�!�ä

]�ÌÂ�¬Ú#gdÌÂ�Ï�EâC�±9EâC�À�e�]�ÌÂ�Å"

31��!¥§�éz�«a.�EâC�§31�Ü©§·�òUìê�g35]

�Ø6¥5½��¡§=nØÄ�¿Âþ§±n�]�[Ún�ó<�ÌN�]�ÌÂ)

�ü XÛéEâC��Ñ�A§ ù«�AqN�K��Tè��eÏûü"ù«CÄ

XJ´±Y5�§¬é1���N¿�(��)N��K�" 31�Ü©§·�ò�

EâC��*Ñé��|dÇ�K�§=,�a.�#Eâ31�S*Ñ�§é1��|

dÇ!�þ��ÏK�§é1��þei¿�'X!�1�N]'X!�1�SÜÏd�

)�¿�'X£�þ¿�¤�K�§cã�K�éeÏ1�|dÇ!�þ�K�§±9ù

26X3/Y!��Eâ�)�§¡éè1«�ù��*g,�¸§<a�¬�Uæ���!?Ó/Y±��ª§ Ø

´X�c�@�æ�[â��ª"275�86126ò§12©þ§585�"28�Û#d%àµ5]�ÌÂuÐØ6§174�"

11

Page 12: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

3.1 EâC�é�Ñ���K� 1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

«­�û½�'Xé·�b½�ù�Ä�XÚ!l éEâC�2)�^�kN��K

�"

1��!ò´·�Áã�¤ê�g3¦����5�9�¤�§éy¢]�Ì­

.!AO´]�8¥uÐ��p�§Ý))�ä�Ï))�]�ÌÂ�¬§ù«�¬´X

ÛÉEâC��e-uЧ±93ù«�¬(�e§y¢�]�ÌÂ)�|�!|�S�

�?'X!�¬(�gNòN�K�EâC�§#�EâC�qòN��L5K�cã�

Ä�XÚ"

31n�!¥§·�ò¬'5EâC�!¿�!È\!��|dÇ��X��Ƨ�

,·���J±�ê�gF"£�¿��¤¤�@��¦!�\§�½NùòkÏu·

�é]�ÌÂ�Å�Å�k�\�\�n)29" 3äN�ö��{þ§·�òåãly

¢�]�ÌÂ)�¥rº(�¥­���¡§éd$^{'�Ü6�óÚêÆ�ó§}Á

o(ÑÙ�«�U5"

@o§Ò4·�m©ù�¿Ø�t�À§j"

3.1 EâC�é�Ñ���K�

��!·�Áãòê�g35]�Ø6¥é]�ÌÂ�Ä�§Ýþ§�n�]�[

Ún�ó<�ÌN�]�ÌÂ)�ü XÛéEâC��Ñ�A§ ù«�AqN�K

��Tè��eÏûü"ù«CÄXJ´±Y5�§¬é1���N¿�(��)N��

K�"�ù«EâC�31�S*Ñ�§1���|dDZ9;.è�ÚÙ¦è��¿�

'Xòu)N��Cz"

Äk§k4·�«©A«ØÓa.�EâC�"

1. ~��¬)�Ý\þ�EâC�

(a) !�NÄÝ\þ�Eâ�#

(b) !�]�Ý\þ�Eâ�#

(c) !�7��)�¤^�Eâ�#

2. Jpü �m)�Uå�EâC�

(a) JpNÄ)�Ç�Eâ�#

(b) Jp]�)�Ç�Eâ�#

3. Jpü��¬¦^d��EâC�

29ý�õê�ê�g̲LÆöþ@�ê�gé��|dÇ��eü5Æ�Ì�nd3u]�kÅ�¤�Jp§�

Ø�Ø`§ê�g35]�Ø6nò¥¿��¤éù�¯K�©Û§=¦l1nò5w§ê�g�rNl]�È\��

Ý�ù�XÚ�CħÏd·��åãl�oN5��Ý&?ù�¯K"

12

Page 13: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

3.1 EâC�é�Ñ���K� 1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

§��2)�^�µ£��äN8a§½ör§©O�\þL¤ £1¤7,5µg,

)�å���5!ýG]�(�زï£ýG]�'­¥§,�¬�'­AOp¤!�Æ

���^�©ó£�ï�U�Õáz§�o´�?ÑùÜ©�)�¤^§�o´è�Õ

áÑ�ïÜ�¤ £2¤7�5µ*�2)�I¦£3ýG]�ØC��¹e§o�)�5

��±*�¤!¤�ü$I¦!��¿��k|/ £kÏuOr!�/ §ü$¤�d

� Ø11´êþ¤

3·�$^�ù«Ä���¹e§·�3?Øu)EâC��è���ÿ§Ø¬�Ä

§é1�²þCþ�K�";.è�¬K��1�²þCþ��¹§·�ò�31�Ü©

)û"�´§�EâC�®²u)¿�®²*Ñ�§3é'#Eâ$^cÚ#Eâ*Ñ�

��ÿ§·�ò�Äù�K�"

@o§4·�éùn«�a.�EâC�?1äN�"3éz�«EâC�?1�

�§·�òUì§é)�L§�K�!§�2)�^�Ú§é��)�XÚ))éù�

XÚ��#¬íÄcüö�Cz))�K��^S?1©Û"

3.1.1 ~��¬)�Ý\þ�EâC�

k4·�'5ù��«EâC�§§�A�´3u)EâC��)�L§¥§±'�

kod�þ����á��Ý\U�5Ú�k��´����þ§ù«�á�od�

þ�!��±´Ï�~��á���Ñ£lþþ¤§��±´Ï�^ü d�þ���

�Ç�p��á�O��k���¬£l�þ§X^hí�O�ðÄå¤" ·�rù�

aEâC�§UìÙ!����¬�5�§½ö�O(/`§UìÙ!��ýG]��(

�§©�!��C]�£NĤÝ\!!�Ø�C]�£]�¤Ý\Ú!��)�¤^Ý

\n«äNa."

1!!��C]���¹

Äk´é�C]�Ý\�!�"Ø�b�y3NÄö�I�Ý\�550%�NÄÒ�

±)��k@oõ��¬§�¦�Ã{C��¯§l 3NÄ�mØC��¹eNÄrÝ

ü$"

ù«EâC�u)�^�§Ì�AT8õuýG]�'~�زï§=�C]�Óý

G]��'­��"3��þ§ù´du�]����!êþ��NÄö�à83�å

£���A¤!¦�l¯�½§Ýþ´{üÅ��NÄ��p�Ü£©ó¤§l §��J

pNÄå�|��Ç£X�k�Ç�©óNX!äNNÄåk �Ün��!NÄö�m

��6�Ü�¤!NÄöC��\jÙ3NÄL§¥MEù«EâC�"�,�Æ�u

Ð��)�¤^�|Ñ�½§Ýþéd�k�z§�Î毧ù«EâC��Ä�)�

^�´��NÄö�"

3�ϧÏ�ÉNÄÜÓ�Ý�K�§��ó]ä��½f5§�duNÄö¢SN

ÄÝ\þeü§]�[òÁãØ$o�ó]Úó]�5Â\£XÖÏ7�¤§�,NÄ

åd�vku)Cz§l ù«}Á�´3k��§Ýþ?1"duEâC�=3;.è

13

Page 14: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

3.1 EâC�é�Ñ���K� 1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

�u)§�¬ü d�þØC§o�þØC§�C]�~�§�{d�ÇJp£eØ��

�|d�Ü©Keü¤§l ;.è��Ï|dÇþ,"

?\�*�2)��ã�§�ªóó]m©;�eN£cÙ´3{Iù«S.±

�!±½�á�m�ü �ó]G�N��I[§ÙeN�Ý�¯¤§�{d�Ç?�Ú

þ,"ù¿�X�C]�Ý\C��káÚå§Ï�Ó��¹e§U�;.è��5�õ

�{d�§l �QO\"���O\�NÄå§Ø�C]�Ý\7LO\"ýG]��

Nþ,�(JÒ´�Ñ�O\§Ú�{d�þ�ØäÌ�*�§l ?\Ì�È\L§"

3Ì�È\L§¥§�p��{d�Ç!����þ¦|dýéþØäO\§l ¦

ýG]�?�ÚO\"Ø=Xd§ù«Ì�È\�ò�]�ÈàME^�"3��]�Ì

Â�¬§7K!&Ez�u�¦è��±/Ï�?½|¼��p2K]£Ï|dØä*�

�5�káÚå��d¤¿3#�5�þ­E|dMEL§§ ù«Èàq¦#�EâC

��N´u)3è�Sܧù��­�û½L§XJØ��ä§;.è�òþ,��ä

è�"ù«EâC��A:´*�2)�´»�kO\�C]�§2��Ø�C]�"Ó

�§Ï�NÄö��éåþ�r§´u)N]Ū±9JpNÄ)�Ç�Eâ�#"

�Eâ*Ñ�ã�§�¹u)Cz"û¬ü d�þeü§����|d��{

d���"�du�XNÄöÓ�NÄå2)��d�þ¿�u)��Cħù«EâC

�J±�51��N¢Só]ÇÓ�§Ý�eü£X50%¤§ù¿�X§�X��|d�

�§1���{d�Çòeü"Ïdù«EâC�¢Sþ�´~�NÄö�Kú§�´

du]�[¿��Øå±9Eâ*ÑØ´]m�§¤k�]�[Ñò�½æ^ù«Eâ

C�§l 1���|dÇeü"

2!!�]�£��¤Ý\ é���!��Ó��±�k�þY²ØC§ù«a.�

Eâ�#§��Ñy3ù��|ܧ=Åì5U�Jp!ó<ÙöÝ�Jp§ù¿�Xù

«Eâ�#�)��35��A§è��5���!Ø�C]��Ý\�p§Ø=¦è�

�kÄå�!���Ý\§ ��(��N´)�]�!�.Eâ�#"

éEâC�u)�;.è� ó§3�ϧdu§�ýG]�¤�eü!�Ñ�±Ø

C§Ïd§�|dòþ,§ù�|d5gu��|d§´§lÓ1�Ù¦è�@p��

�§�O(/`§´§lÙ¦è�]�[éó<�¼�¥<r�Ü©"?\�2)��§

O\�|dò?�Ú^uï��§l *�Ù��|d§�d§I�ï�½��!N

Äå±�����O\§l �ÑÚ|dÇÑòþ,§o|dòÏdO\��¯" ?\

Ì�È\L§�§Tè�ò±ï��yï�½]�ÚNÄåy?�Úï���^

S?1*�2)�"Ó�§ù«5��*���\k|u;.è�)�!���a.�E

â�#§Ï�§'±cPk�Ð�)�Eâ�#�Ŭ30"

]�!�.�Eâ�#*Ñ�§�¹ò�X*Ñ�Ý�Cz ØÓ"4·��Äü«

4à�¹§eEâC�3]m*ѧ@oeÏû¬d�þduØ�C]�eü eü§e

;.è�é1��NK�4��{§1���|dÇòØC§�du;.è�3�äEâ

30I�5¿�´)�Eâ�#�NÄ¿Ø´)�NħÏ�§Ø�ÌNÄ)�Ç��K§=Ý\2��ýG]�¿Ø

7,�52�Eâ�#�¤J

14

Page 15: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

3.1 EâC�é�Ñ���K� 1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

C�Ïm�*�2)�äk\�5�§�Ä�d«Eâ�#�)�^�§3y¢¥½|�

gd¿�G¹ò��»§Ï�1�o�þ7,du;.è��O\ O\§l �5¢y

Ç�ü$31"eEâ´�ú*Ñ�§ò7,¬kÜ©è�º�§�1��N�ÑduæB

#Eâè��*�2)�7,*�§ùòü$¢yǧl ü$1��N���|dÇ"

3!!��)�¤^�EâC� !��)�¤^�EâC�¿�X§è��±^��

�¤^ÒU�±�c�¢yÇ"duù«Ý\�]�!NÄ!�ØÓ§§vk�mÚêþ

þ���§Ïd§Ó���±Lã�§^�k��)�¤^Ý\U�5�p�¢yǧ

e1��¢yÇ�±ØC§§¿�X;.è��û¬ò`k�ñÑ£`k¢yd�¤"

éEâC�u)�;.è� ó§3�ϧ�oÏ�§��)�¤^£Uê�g§é

�{d���«�ؤeü§�oÏ�§�¢yÇJp§o|dþ,§ù�|dw,Ú1

�«�¹��§5guÙ¦è��NÄö"«O==3u§;.è�*�2)��´»ò

´þï/ï�CÚØ�C]�"

�ù«Eâ�#*Ñ�§XJEâC�]m*ѧK��q£��:§1���|

dÇ´ÄÑy²weü�ûu;.è��*�2)�´Ä®²K��·��b�))=

´Ä®²UC½|åþ�Nþ�²ï"XJEâ*Ñ�ú§�Ñ�O\±9¢yÇeü

é��|dÇK���§�´�±²(/`��|dÇجwÍþ,"

�â·��©Û§3½|åþ��þï��¹e§¤k�è�Ñ7,æ�EâC�

))Ø+§´Ø´ÎÜ�í&<�¤¢/¤�{K032§Ï�=B´º�§��/ü³�

��Ù�0"Ó�§1����|dÇØ2Ñy7,þ,�ª³§$�31�«�¹eÑ

y7,eü�ª³§ùØ=´Ï�·��ÄEâC�g��A5§�´Ï�·��Ä

EâC��2)�Ú;.è�*�2)�é1��N(��K�§Ï�¢Sþ;.è

����|d´5gué1��eè���«²þ�ا�,3êÆþ·��±b½ù

«�Ø´�Øv��§�´3Eâ*Ñ�L§¥§duæB#Eâl ¼���|d�è

�ÅìOõ§ù«�ØC�Ø2´�Øv��§§�;.LyÒ´�ÑO\���¢y

Çeü"ù«�¹e��|dÇò�ûu¢yǼê��½"

ØL·�F"ÚåÖö5¿�´§�ÑO\�½§Ýþ¿�XÒ�þ,!NÄöêþ

O\§ù3�½§Ýþ¬Jp¢Só]Ç£ü$�{d�Ǥ",��¡§du~�)�

¬Ý\þ�Eâ�#3*Ñ�§¬ü$ü û¬�d�þ£ü�û¬��éd�¤§3�

¤¬d�þØC��¹e§§�éó<�ó]Y²C��B¨§dd�¬¢yÇ�U¬J

p"XJ�¤¬1�u)daEâ�#§�,ó<�ó]Y²ò�Aeü§�du�¤¬

´7I¬§XJT�¤¬�O�5�r£X�ðÚY�¤§duÙ¢yÇ��þ��5�

$§¢yÇ�K��UØp"

3.1.2 Jpü �m)�Uå�EâC�

�c�«b�kwÍØÓ�´§ù«a.�Eâ�##NNÄö3Ó��mSME

31Ò��þ,ÃØ3�m�´3ÌÝþÑJ±-��þO\é¢yÇ�K��^32�í&<£1988¤

15

Page 16: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

3.1 EâC�é�Ñ���K� 1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

£=£¤�õ�d�§ù¿�X=¦3�ϧè��kUåN�gC��þ"

1!JpNÄ)�Ç�EâC� JpNÄ)�Ç�EâC�´�«�;.�Eâ�

#§Ø=�Ü©NÄ!�.Eâ�#Ó��±JpNÄ�ǧ©óÚÅì�Ú?�U��

JpNÄ)�Ç"ù¿�X�´5�z!IOzÚòE,NÄC�{ü­ENħ�´ò

<C�Ãa��NÄÅì§NÄ)�Ç�p"·�3ùp��§¿Ø´du�k?Åì

�Ú? ���NÄrÝO�§l �5�NÄ)�Ç�Jp§ ´NÄö�<Ñu!�

NÄ�8�?1NÄÃãU�§ù�U�Ó�UJp¦�d�=£�Ý"

éu)JpNÄ)�Ç�EâC��;.è� ó§du�ϧ��þJp¿Ø¬

é§�¢yÇk��K�§§òÀJ���Ý/*��þ"du/¤û¬d�þ��¬7

�NÄ�m¿�ÑywÍUC§ó<¢Sþ3Ó��ó]^�eMEÑ�õd�§Ù

(J�{d�Ç�Ìþ,§O\Ü©�¤;.è����|d"ù�§3?\*�2)�

�§;.è���`ÀJ´Uì?�ÚïNÄå-�NÄå���½]��´»?1\

�O�"

�´§�þ��!��¹kØÓ§3ù«Eâ�#e§Eâò�kݺ3NÄöÃ

¥"XJùÙöNÄö�äù«Eâ§�Áã{�ù«Eâ*ѧ@o;.è�òØ

�Ø�d|Gp��ó]"è�e´F"ÏL�Ùöó�û*ÑEâ£�Ô�¤§òJ±

{�Ùöóó¬�/¤§ù«�¹e�´�ϧè����|dÇ� �$"=B;.è

�UÏLÆS!�Ô4#�NÄöݺù«NÄEU§�´ù«�Ô��Òò¦NÄ

ö=��ÙöNÄö§w,;.è�¿ØF"ùÙöNÄöòù�Eâ��O�è�§

�d§7LJp�NNÄö�¢Só]ǧÏd;.è�|dÇ!ó]Ç3áÏþþ,§

, duÙó]Çpu1�²þó]ǧÏdNÄ����¿�ò��ò�ù«¢Só

]þÞ��ݧ(J´ù«�¹�þ�«�¹ ó§�{d�Ç�p"

@o4·��Eâ*Ñ��¹"eEâ]m*ѧ?Ûè�Ñò¡��«§ä(

¸))e´kè�~�§@o§�|dÇ7,$u�~��è�£Ï§Ã{^#O\�d

�þ�Ö¢yÇeü���¤§Ù(J´¤kè�ÑØ~�§1�¢yÇò�Ìeül

�U¦��|dÇ'±c�$" eEâ´ÌS*Ñ�§¿��(Jò´§¦+Pk#E

â�è��´*�)�§§�|dÇ�U�$§�Îæ¯Ù¦è�òÉ��î­�À

Â33§u´§1��N�Ñ*��U�õ§¢yÇ�Ìeü"�±ý�§*Ñ��Ý�ú

£=®²æBEâC��è�2)��´*�¤§1��N�Ñ��§¢yÇeü�x³§

1���|dÇeü�§Ýò¬puþ�«�¹"

Ød±§duNÄö3ù«Eâ�#¥ØuÌÄ/ §Eâ�*Ñ3A½�§Ýþ

¬/¤Ùöóó¬§ ü�è����|d®²��§�{d�ÇòÏ¢Só]Ç�Jp

= eü"�,3ù«�¹e§{¤þ§]�[�õÀJØ$�Ùöó<�ó]¿�Q�

õ�Ùöó§�ù -å��î­�N]éá"ÃØXÛ§JpNÄ)�Ç�Eâ�#

7,¬±YØä/��]�[NÄå¤�Øå"

33ù�L§�y²ØU2{ü§Ï�Tè�O��þE¤���´d�1�©ú�§ dd�5�o¢yd�ýé

þ�Ö��^==Ö��Tè�

16

Page 17: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

3.2 Eâ�#!�ä]����|dÇ 1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

2!Jp]�)�Ç�EâC� O( ó§]�)�Ç´��T�²LÆ�Vg§Ï

�]�¿Ø¬/)�0§duÚ?�k?�Åì��½ö´Jp]�kÅ�¤�5�?Û

od�þ�O\§Ù�ÏÑØ´Ï�Åì§ ´NÄrÝ�O\"3ù«¿Âþ§·�2

g��ê�g35]�Ø61nò¥õgJ��§|dýéþþ,Ú|dÇeü�5

Æ"

�;.è��Ïæ^#Åì�§NÄöò�½3Ó��mSME!=£�õd�34"

3ù�§Ýþ§�{d�ÇJp§¢yÇCz��"duNÄåd�ØC§¶Âó]ØÉ

Eâ�#K�"3ØK�¢yÇ��¹e§�´*�)�§;.è��´k|"

�±`§da.EâC��Ù¦EâC����ØÓÒ3u§=¦EâC�*Ñ�§

�{d�ÇE,U�±þ,", ù¿Ø¿�X��|dÇ�½´þ,�"¯K3u¢

yÇÚN]Àâ"duJp�{d�7,¿�X*�)�§3d�þ¿�eü£�¬��

éd�ØC¤��¹e§¢yÇÎئ¯¬�Ìeü§XJ¢yÇeüÌÝv�§��

|dÇò= eü"Ó�§duù«Eâ�#��ó<�?���Kú§ò¬��N]'

X×�-z"3{¤þ§ù�´»�Åì�/©�$Ä0u)��µ"

3.1.3 Jpü��¬¦^d��EâC�

3ùp·���?Ø�«AÏ�EâC�§§#N3�k�)�¬ÚNÄÝ\e§O

\ü �¬�¦^d�"ù«EâC�äk�½��§Ï�Ý\¬�g,á5Ø�Uk�

�Cz§ùÒ¿�X§�� ó�k�6ó<�A½/��M#"Ïd�JpNÄ)�Ç

�EâC�Ñ�aq�´§N�3C�¥ÓÌ�"

u)daEâ�#�;.è�3�ÏÌ�)��I¿Ã��Cz§�¢yÇò�X

¦^d��Jp Jp§l è��¢S|dÇJp"Ó�ù¿�X§XJ;.è�*�

)�5�§§òÓk�õ��{d�"�´3*�2)�¥;.è�¬��Ú�c���

æ�))5gó<�ó]Øå"

ó]Øåò3TEâ*Ñ�K��1��¢Só]Ç"dudaEâ�#�*Ñ¿

جü$�¬d�þ§�%7,UJp�¬¢yǧÏdéè� ó��`ÀJÃ�~

´7LæBT��#§Ó�§ÃØEâ�#*Ñ��ݯú§1�o�þ7,þ,¿��

¢yÇeü"d���|dÇòÉ�Ø(½�¢yÇCÄ£�U´�þ¤Ú¢Só]ÇJ

p�V­K�§ÙCÄ��´Ø(½�"

3.2 Eâ�#!�ä]����|dÇ

ù��!�Ä�äè�§½ö��´é½|k�½K�å�è�§§��ûüò¬K

��1�²þó]§Ù)�Ç�U?ò��K��¬d�þ" Ó�§�ä�¤ÏØ��

34~XÏL\¯6Y��ݧó<ü �mS�NÄþò�O¶ÏLÅì�<�©ó¦<�NÄ�\{üz§l ~

�ó<=�)�Ú½��>E�m¶ÏLÚ\�FÈ�Åì24��Øm��)�§r�ó<?1�mNħùÃ/¥*

�oN�m

17

Page 18: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

3.2 Eâ�#!�ä]����|dÇ 1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

´Ï��þ��§·���Ä�ýG]���ù���§Ïd=¦3�ä½|§½|I¦

�Ø�½´�Ú�§ù¿�XO\�Ñ�5�d�eü¿vk@oì�"

¢yÇɱeA�CþK�µ½|I¦£�ûu�¬ü ¦^d�þ!¢Só]ÇÚ

Ò�!�¤ Ð-´�)�¤^|Ñ���¼ê§�±�Ä5��A¤!½|ø�£o¦^

d�þ¤!d��I¦�5£�äXê¶û¬�g,á5Xýé�)¹7I¬��~þ§

Ñyù«�¹¢S¿�XT1��Ù¦1�¢��õ��ä��|d¤

|dÇɱeA�CþK�µ |dþµ�C]�þ£oýG]�¦±1+]�kÅ�

¤¤!¢Só]Ç£�{d�Ǥ!��|d£�äXê¤!d�¢yÇ!=£�²þ|d

£=d��)�d�=z�§)�d��d�d���O§=·^uO�1�²þ|d�

�¹¤

Ï��¤¬d�-NÄåd��CÄجé¢Só]Ç£�{d�ǤE¤K�§Ï

dØ«©ü�Üa"d§Ø2üÕ�ÄEâ*Ñ��ݧÏ�3þ¡©Û����¹¥

·�Ä�®²�Ñ(ا=*Ñ�Ý�úéEâ�#u)è��k|§�é1���|

dÇ�Ø|"

3.2.1 ~��¬)�Ý\þ�EâC�

1!!�NÄÝ\ 3�ϧ�äè�¬Áã¦ó]3k�ÌÝSeü§�ÏNÄåd

�ØC§ù�ÌÝØ�U�NÄ!�§Ý��"Ó�§û¬�d�þeü§Ï�äè��

½|°�v±4§K���¬7�NÄ�m"du±þü�Cħ�äè���{d�Ç

CÄز§�ûu�äXêÚó]�5"ù¿�X�äè��|dÇ¿Ø7,�XdaE

âC��u) þ,£� �Ueü¤§§�vkv�Äå*�)�"

¯K3uEâ*Ñ"e��äè�ݺd«Eâ�#§du§�ü�è�J±éû

¬d�þk��K�§q�±Ñ�Ø$ó]§Æ��(J´Ù¦è��¿�ÉdaEâ�

#"é1� ó§�Nd�þeü§¢yÇé�U�´eü�£�þ*�!ó]l I¦

eü¤"ù¿�X§Eâ*Ñé�äè�´ýéØ|�§ù3�§ü�À�µ

£a¤!du§Ã{{�#Eâ�u)§§�UÁã{�#Eâ�D§ù¿�X�Ù

öó|G�p�ó]½Ý\�p��)�¤^§w,ùòü$è���|dǧ$�¦

§�K¶ £b¤!#Eâ�DÂeÃ{�{�§@oÒ�UÏL¿�ò�õè�@ѽ|§

±Ï3�5¡E�½��äÂÃ"�,§ù«ÏL�Ï7,��¢yÇÚû¬d�þeü

�*�)�§7,4è�GÑ|d���"

ÃØ´=«�¹§;.è�Ú1����|dÇÑvk7,þ,�ª³§��§§�

�VÇ´eü�35"

2!!�]�Ý\ 3�ϧû¬d�þÚýG]�¤�Ñòeü§ýG]�¤�eü

ÌÝ�uØ�C]�eüÌݧÏÝ\¬�!��kÜ©£�ûu�äXê¤�N3Ø

35�¿�½|��¹ÑkØÓ§ùp�äè�gC�|dÇ�é�U´eü�"ùÌ�´Ï��äè���æB#E

â§û¬d�þÒòeü§ �½|¢yÇé�äè��þûü��5�p"

18

Page 19: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

3.2 Eâ�#!�ä]����|dÇ 1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

�C]��eüþ"Ó�§du�äè�òäkéþiè��r�Æd/ §Ù�O¤�

d��U?�Úeü"�¯K3u§e�ÏL*�2)�ÁãO\ù«��|d�ýé

�§Ò7,¿�X~�§��é¢yÇ"

¯¢þ§o�þ�U�ÌO\±*�½|ÓkÇÚ�ä/ 36§ù¬��1��N¢

yÇeü!¢Só]Çþ,£�äè�O�ò¦NÄ���±9§éó<��äó]K�

ü$¤§l ��|dÇeü!Ü©è�òѧù¬~���|dÇeüÚ¢Só]Çþ

,�ª³§�Ü©è��òÑج¦��|dÇ£E£Ï�§´|deü�(J§òÑ�

�¹�ûu��äø�¼ê¤"é�äè�5`§Ï�§��äXêJp§§kUå¼�

�p�é��øA�����|d§§�¢yÇeüÌÝòج��£Ï�Ü©Ù¦è�

òÑ¿�§¢Só]Ç�þ,�½§Ý�¬J,¢yǤ§Ó�du§�ýG]�¤�

eüÌÝ�LØC]�§¤±Ù��|d�Ù¦^d�þ¤�'§Ï �äè�é�U´

|dþ,�"

, §�Eâ*Ñ�§�¹ÒØÓ"duØ�C]�eü§1�O\��ü$§1

�|dÇk�²þz!Ô���|d��x"Ø=Xd§�äè�éþiè����|d

�Ì~�37" �Óc�«�/��§du¢yÇé��äè��þ�5��§��äè

���uO�§�e´�þ��äè�þæ^ù«`Àüѧ1��¢yÇ!l �äè

��|dÇ7,eü§Ïd�äè�k{�ù«Eâ*Ñ���"

w,§§7L�d|G�p�ó]ǽö�)�¤^§�,NÄý��ò¬~�ù«

þ,§Ý§�ûØ�U-�ù�ª³"(Ø´§Eâ*Ñc§e�äè�æ�{�Eâ*

Ñ�Ãã§Ù|dÇCÄز¶eEâ*ѧ�äè�Ú1���|dÇÑ�U´��e

ü�"

3!!��)�¤^Ý\ du�)�¤^´é�{d���«�اé)�¤^�!

�7,¬�5�äè�|dÇ�Jp§, §e�äè�®²æ��`�þüѧ§¿

Ø7,ÀJ*�2)�"

��c��¹ØÓ§Eâ*Ñé�äè��K��©E,µeû¬���¢yÇJ

p§�äè�ÉÃ��§¯K´��äè�¬ÀJO�§é�äè�¢yÇ�nÜ�AØ

²¶�e´û¬)�ö��é¢yÇJp§@7,´±�äè�¢yÇeü��d�"X

J´�ö§@oÚ�c��§�äöòØ�Øæ�����Eâ*ѧ|dÇk�Ue

ü"

3.2.2 Jpü �m)�Uå�EâC�

1!NÄ)�Ç�Jp ù�ù´�ä]�[Ø�W¿���Eâ�#��"3�ϧ

Ï�¢yÇé�þ��5¿Ø´1£Ï�¯¢þ���ä½|´Ø�3�§Ó�§3]�

36ùpØb�@«Øy¢��k1[�äè���¹§ù3]�ÌÂ�¬Ø�UÑy§Ï�ù¿�X�¬I¦�Ø�

÷v§3ù«�¹e�¬¬= Ϧg,²L!¬Ï¦IS½|Ú7K½|"37du1��NéØ�C]��I¦eü§ÉdK��þiè�ò�½N��þ½öòѧ�Ï�(J´|d²þz

L§ò�¡��|d

19

Page 20: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

3.3 N]éá!øI(��²L�Å 1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

ÌÂ)��ªeó<��¤��É�س¤§�äè�½N�UÏL*�2)��É��

½���|d§, ¯K3uEâ*Ñ�§]�[¿�û½�1��þØ�;�þ,§�

äè��|d�VÇÉ��¡"

Ïd§�cA«�¹��§§òØ�ØGÑ�¤�{LEâ*Ñ£�,��´6�

�¤§§�|dÇòª�eü" 1�|dÇò�X�äè�é��äè���5¿�e

ü"

ØL§du�äè�vk�r�*�)���"§��¿�½|ØÓ§ÙöóJ±3

ù«²L(�e|¤ó¬£Ï��ä]�[��uØ�¿���õÙöó¤§ù½NUò

�¢Só]Ç�þ,ÌÝ"

2!]�)�Ç�Jp Ú�c�(Ø��§'å�Ï*�)�±Ók�õ�{d�§

�äè��3��´Eâ*Ñ�éd�¢y�K�§Ïd§Ek{�ù«EâC��Ä

å"

3.2.3 Jpü��¬¦^d��EâC�

ù«EâC�ò´�ä]�[���H�§Ï�§òJp�äè��¬�¢yÇ))

ùé�U´±ã+��äè�¢yÇ��d�"ù¿�X§ù«EâC��æ^òOr�

äè���ä/ "3k��|d=.�§�äè��VÇ/uÄ�þ¿�ԧܩ�

�äè�òòѽ|§l ?�ÚJp�äè��Ókǧ�§(��p���|d"

Ó?Û�¹��§�äè��´��u{NùaEâ�DÂ"3y¢¥§ù�Ü©´

ÏL��ïÜ�|Gp��)�¤^§±9ÏL{Æ;|�5��Eâ�$^"���¹

ó§ù«{N�ãåج¦§�|dÇeü§��Ø�U[�{NEâ?Ú"Eâ�ª

*Ñ�1����|dÇ�ûu�äXê§�k�U´þ,�))ØL§|dýé�¿Ø

��þ,§Ï���|dÇ�þ,´±�þè�òÑ¿���d�"

3.3 N]éá!øI(��²L�Å

3þ��!§·�©Û¿�½|Ú�ä½|�A«ØÓa.�Eâ�#§·�U�

Vo(ÑA:(ص

1. 3¿�½|þ§?ÛEâ�#ÑU3�Ï�;.è��5��|d"Ó�§ÃØ�

e�è�3æBEâ�#�Ù¤�£|d¤´Ä$u�c§§Ñ�½æ^Eâ�#§

Ï�Øæ^�5�����¶

2. 3¿�½|þ§du;.è�J±{�Eâ*ѧ��|d��7,��"3�Ä

]�[¿�!¢yÇCÄ!ó<�²LÌ��§��|dÇØ7,þ,§��§§

eü��U5��¶

20

Page 21: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

3.3 N]éá!øI(��²L�Å 1n! �Ñ�I¦µEâC�é¢yÇ�K�

3. 3�ä½|þ§�äè��U³/#Eâ3áϼ���|d§�$u¿�½|�

��

4. 3?Û�¹e§Eâ�*ÑÑé�äè�Ø|§Ïd§�½¬Áã{�Eâ*Ñ"

ù«ãå´6��§ �ò�Ñ�þ�)�¤^§§é�U¦�äè�c��ã¼

����|dÔ��¦§Eâ*Ñ�§1����|dÇ��ueü¶

5. 3¿�½|þNÄ)�Ç�Eâ�#�3�ä½|þA�¤k�#Eâ§A�Ѭ

\rÙöó�/ §Ùöó�¢Só]ÇòÏdþ,¶

6. ¿�½|�?ÛEâ�#Ñò¬\r;.è���äè��=z

d§·��U?�Ú�ѱeíص

1. e�äè��¼��õ�|d§�Ä�IS¢yǧ§7L=�IS½|§�Ò´

§7L¤�ªIúi§¿é?1û¬Ñѧù�´20 ­V70 c��Ì�]�ÌÂ

I[��6

2. ?Û�Ók�õ�{d��*�2)�§Ñ7,*�NÄå½|Úó<�?èΧ

l \rN]éá§3�ϬíÄ¢Só]Çþ,¶Ïd§��|dÇeü�ÌÄ

Ï�Ø��´Ï�]�kÅ�¤�Jp§ ´d]�È\����?Ì�¶

3. dEâ�#Úu�;.è���äè��=z§ù�L§´��XÜ©»�]�[

��\Ã��?èÎ¥�§§Ó���XÜ©]��?�£©f=\Ã��?�è

Χ��XÃ��?£3k¹è�+�e¤lg3�?þ,�g��?¶

4. du]�[¿�ÚéÓk�õ�{d���"§Eâ�#7,�5)��*ܧ,

duó<��é«(§ø��I¦�gñ¬��\ì"¯¢þ§zg��Eâ�

#Ñ��X�g�5�²L�Å"

£oNi�Ü©I�Ðm¤

��§·F"^ê�g35��\ó6p��ã{��(�µ

/]��?XJئ)�óä²~u)C�§l ئ)�'X§½=ئ�Ü�¬

'Xu)C�§ÒØU)�e�,,]��?Ø=âE�g�uk/�Éì¶Ó�§�

EÒ$^ùÉì5�é§gC�<))y��ó<§=Ã�ö,,�´§]��?¤Ã

¿E¤ qÃå-|�ó��?Ú§%¦ó<�ϤáìN ����·ì(§�O¦

�Ï�p¿� Úå�©ÑG�"u´§�X�ó��uЧ]��?/±)�ÚÓk�

¬�Ä:��§�Òl§��.eÄK"§Äk)��´§g��÷2<"]��?�

«�ÚÃ��?��|Ó�´Ø�;��"038

38ê�gµ5��\ó6§5�8614ò,469!472!478-479�"

21

Page 22: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

�z �z

�z

[1] Thomas Robert Malthus(1798): An Essay on the Principle of Population, as it affects

the future improvement of society with remarks on the speculations of Mr. Godwin, M.

Condorcet, and other writers ; H�åȵ5<�Ø6§�®�ÆÑ��§2008"

[2] Harrod, Roy F. (1939): An Essay in Dynamic Theory. The Economic Journal 49 (193).

[3] Domar, Evsey (1946): Capital Expansion, Rate of Growth, and Employment. Econo-

metrica 14 (2).

[4] Solow, Robert M. (February 1956): A contribution to the theory of economic growth.

Quarterly Journal of Economics (Oxford Journals) 70 (1).

[5] Solow, Robert M. (1957): Technical change and the aggregate production function.

Review of Economics and Statistics (The MIT Press) 39 (3).

[6] Swan, Trevor W. (November 1956): Economic growth and capital accumulation. Eco-

nomic Record (Wiley) 32 (2).

[7] Claude LWvi-Strauss(1960): On manipulated sociological models§Bijdragen tot de taal

land-en volkenkunde, The Hague.

[8] Maurice Godelier(1969): RationalitW et IrrationalitW en Economie§¥~;i¯£1984¤

:7Gª� ÓU̸!\E̸!Ub&0̸8§7�1�cj¤Ün5��Ün

58§I©�.

[9] �í&<£1961¤: Technical Changes and the Rate of Profit, Kobe University Eco-

nomic Review, Vol.7. ã��È5EâC��|dÇ6§5�Æ�ïÄ62010c17Ï.

[10] ¥�É£2014¤¶p��È: 5�íÈ\Ø2�6 [J]�®µ�£²LÆ�§

forthcoming"

[11] Þ>äI(2015)¶p��È: 5| Ô�]�ÌÂu��²L�Ï6[J]�®µ�£²

LÆ�§forthcoming"

[12] ê�g(2004)¶¥?ÈÛÈ: 5]�Ø61�ò[M]�®¶<¬Ñ��"

[13] ê�g(2004)¶¥?ÈÛÈ: 5]�Ø61nò[M]�®¶<¬Ñ��"

[14] ê�g!��d(2001)¶¥?ÈÛÈ: 5ê�g��d�861oò[M]�®µ<¬

��"

[15] ê�g!��d(1974)¶¥?ÈÛÈ: 5ê�g��d�861n�ò[M]�®µ<

¬Ñ��"

22

Page 23: 2015 7 28F - cpeer.org · 2.1 ]˛Ì´NłeEâC•˙( 1 ! ]˛Ì´EâC•˙( ƒA ) 3˙^⁄150",Ÿ>§ƒg,Ô˙Ô / u)UC˙N˜§XJ˜ Ù−‘k ^N˜˙ØÆ5 §⁄’˙Ò·Ÿ…

�z �z

[16] ê�g!��d(2001)¶¥?ÈÛÈ: 5ê�g��d�861o�oò[M]�®µ

<¬Ñ��"

[17] ©kÛ£1999¤µ {¤��?¿£µ'uê�gÌÂFy{�ïÄ[M]�®µûÖ<

Ö,"

[18] �Û#d%à£2006¤µ ]�ÌÂuÐØ[M]�®µûÖ<Ö,"

[19] v�&�JͶ�¶�È£1997¤µ ²L<aÆ[M]§�®µûÖ<Ö,.

23