2013 ATC Hate Crimes Report

8/9/2019 2013 ATC Hate Crimes Report

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A/TC Hate CrimesPreliminary DataUpdated 01-27-15 Page 1

2 13

Austin Travis County

2 12 Hate Crimes Report

PreparedBy:


Hate Crimes Task Force

December 2 14

(Initial Release September 2014)

Revised January 27th, 2015

Our Vision:

A respectful

community free

of hate

Our Mission:

To create a

forum that

fosters open

dialogue about

hate and

discrimination

and strengthens

the bonds of our

community

through

prevention,response, and

restoration


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ustin Travis County

Hate Crimes Task Force

The Austin/Travis County Hate Crimes Task Force (HCTF) was formally launched in December of 2010. The Task

Force is comprised of over fifty organizations representing a cross section of stakeholders including business leaders,

community advocates, non-profits, higher education, law enforcement (local and federal), local elected officials,

prosecution (local and federal), secondary schools and youth. The task force established its vision and mission in

April 2011:

Report cknowledgements

Many persons and organizations provided information to help compile this report as well as provide a review and

refine key findings from the analysis. However, the following persons played a significant role in providing data and

informing the analysis found in this report:

Austin Police Department: Kachina Clark,Victim Services Manager; Betty Hitchcock, Central

Records Manager; Laurie Najjar,Research and Planning;

Commander Derek Galloway

Manor Police Department: Captain Ralph Fisher

Travis County Attorneys Office: Carla Cook, Assistant County AttorneyTravis County District Attorneys Office: Darla Gay,Planner; Andrea Austin,Assistant District Attorneys

Travis County Juvenile Probation: David Hensley

Travis County Sheriffs Office: Captain Frank Lofton, Amy Durall ,Victim Services Director; Kelly

Sheridan,Victim Services Division

University of Texas at Austin Police: Roxanne Hall,Central Records Manager

For more information about this project, contact:Renee LaFair 512-249-6280 [email protected]

Vision: A respectful community free of hate

Mission: To create a forum that fosters open dialogue about hate and discrimination andstrengthens the bonds of our community through prevention, response and

restoration

Adopted 04-14-11

I have decided to stick with love. Hate is too great a burden to bear.

~Martin Luther King, Jr.


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Austin/Travis CountyHateCrimesTaskForce

High

lights of

the

Aust

in/T

ravis

County

2013 Hate Crimes AnalysisFinal December 2013

2 13 Overall Hate Crimes Reported:

Fifteen (15) hate crimes occurred in Travis County in 2013 with9 reported to the FBI (see note below chart). (Local data

reported directly to the Hate Crimes Task Force. Final 2013FBIreportandTX DPSreports were issued in fall of 2014.)*Prosecution alleged a hate crime in two cases from APD and one casefrom Bee Cave PD in 2013 that were not reported as hate crimes to theFBI by the law enforcement entities. APD had one case and TCSO hadtwo cases identified as hate crimes that did not get reported. So, only 9offenses were reported to DPS/FBI in 2013.

Bias Motivation:

Racial and sexual orientation comprised 67% of bias motivationin 2013. Anti-Hispanic bias incidents increased as compared tothe previous years, accounting for 27% of incidents in 2013.One offense was transgender bias.

Victims:

Victims remain mostly male (68%) but race/ethnicity was morebalanced (37% White, 32% Hispanic and 26% Black) in 2013.The average age was 39.1 which is older than previous years.

Suspects:

All suspects were male with 71% of them White. The averageage was 38.1 which is older than previous years. Seventeensuspects were seen/observed with 12 suspects identified in 11cases (one suspect identified in two incidents).Types of Offenses:

In 2013, 53% of offenses (8 of the 15) were assaultive in natureand 27% (4 of the 15) were terroristic threats. Two offenses

were family violence related which previous reports had notincluded.

Location of Offenses:

For the past 3 years, downtown Austin and University of Texasareas have accounted for more than one third of where hatecrimes occur (35%). In 2013, however, one-third of theincidents (5) occurred west of Loop 360 with 3 of the 5incidents occurring in areas near Lake Travis.

Disposition of Cases:

Six suspects were arrested in 7 offenses (one suspect arrestedin two offenses) and four of the 7 offenses resulted in a hatecrime allegation during prosecution. Highlights of disposition ofcases included:

3 persons pled guilty in 4 cases; 1 case dismissed with restitution paid to victim;

1 case with outstanding warrant for suspect.Victims did not want to pursue charges/prosecution in threeincidents.

State Regional Hate Crime Incidents Data:

The following chart reflects hate crime data for counties withinour region as well as overall Texas hate crime reports. Furtherreview of state hate crime data reveals that the six largesturban counties have historically accounted for 50-67% of allhate crimes reported in Texas since 2008.

*Only 9 offenses were reported to DPS/FBI.

Type of Offense: 2010 2011 2012 2013

Aggravated Assault 2 0 3 0Assault by Contact/Threat-C 1 0 3 2

Assault with Injury-A 2 6 2 6

Attempted Burglary 0 0 0 1

Bomb Threat 1 0 0 0Criminal Mischief-Misd 1 2 3 1

Criminal Mischief-Felony 1 1 1 0

Harassment 0 0 0 1

Terroristic Threat 0 0 0 4Reported Hate Crimes in Travis County 2008-2013

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

AISD PD 1 0 0 0 0 0

Austin PD 19 11 5 5 7 7*Bee Cave PD 0 0 0 0 0 1*

Travis County SO 0 0 1 0 4 6*

UT at Austin PD 3 1 1 2 1 1

West Lake Hills PD 0 0 0 2 0 0

Travis CountyTotal:

23 12 7 9 12 15*

Bias Nature 2010 2011 2012 2013

Racial: 2 4 5 5Sexual

Orientation: 3 1 5 5

Ethnicity/National Origin:

1 1 0 4

Religious: 1 3 2 1

Disability: 0 0 0 0

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Texas 246 165 174 152 181 135

Bastrop County: 0 0 1 0 0 0Hays County: 1 0 1 0 2 0

Williamson County: 6 7 4 4 4 0

Travis County: 23 12 7 9 12 15*

Bexar County: 7 9 6 2 18 11

Dallas County: 47 16 19 34 36 24

El Paso County: 2 3 5 3 3 3

Harris County: 55 28 18 16 13 20

Tarrant County: 30 16 31 23 20 20


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HateCrimesTaskForce

2 13 HateCrimes in TravisCounty

1

Updated 01-27-15Reported Hate Crimes in Travis County 1999-20132

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

AISD PD 0 0 3 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

Austin PD 18 26 25 15 6 6 20 13 6 19 11 5 5 7* 7*

Bee Cave PD 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1**

Travis County SO 3 1 2 1 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 4** 6***

UTPD at Austin 5 5 2 1 0 0 2 3 2 3 1 1 2 1*** 1

West Lake Hills PD 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0

Travis County Total: 26 32 32 18 9 6 23 19 9 23 12 7 9 12 15

2013 Notes:*APD: Two offenses not reported by APD to FBI/DPS because offense did not meet reporting guidelines; County Attorneys office,

however, prosecuted defendant in both cases with hate crime alleged. One offense was identified as a hate crime but afterthe original reporting time; a correction was prepared during the year but was not sent.

**Bee Cave: Offense not reported to the FBI as a hate crime; County Attorneys office, however, prosecuted defendant with a hate crimealleged.

***TCSO: Two offenses were identified by TCSO as a hate crime but there was a reporting error and they were not reported toDPS/Texas.

2012 Notes:*APD: One hate crime in 2012 was identified by prosecutors (indicted with a hate allegation) but discovered after the January 31st,

2013 deadline for law enforcement to amend their 2012 report. After APD reviewed the report, they identified that thisoffense would have been reported as a hate crime under their new process for review.

** TCSO: Formally, TCSO reported to the FBI no hate crimes; however, upon further review, they identified four hate crimes that metthe FBI reporting standards but due to the discovery after January 31st, 2012, they were unable to amend their FBIreporting number. We have included these four offenses in this annual report to help identify any trends or key findings for2012.

***UTPD: UTPD identified a hate crime that occurred in December of 2011 after the January 31st, 2012 deadline for amending the2011 FBI report. They are reporting that offense using the date that the incident was reviewed for FBI reporting in 2012(March). This number will be reflected in the final FBI/DPS Hate Crime reports as well as this annual report.

Hate Crimes 2010 2011 2012 2013

Reported Incidents 7 9 12 15

Reported Victims 9 11 19 19Reported Offenders 8 13 12 17

Reported Offenses 7 9 12* 15**

*7 offenses were reported to the FBI.**9 offenses reported to the FBI.

1 2013 hate crime data was reported directly to the Hate Crimes Task Force through the Hate Crimes Review Team by local law enforcement andprosecution entities. Some offenses were also identified by prosecuting entities.2

Texas Department of Public Safety 2013 Hate Crime reportwas issued in October 2014. TheU.S. Department of Justice FBI 2013 Hate Crime

Statistics reportwas issued in December 2014.


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Type of Hate Crime Offenses

Type of Offense: 2010 2011 2012 2013

Aggravated Assault 2 0 3 0

Assault by Contact/Threat-C 1 0 3 2

Assault with Injury-A 2 6 2 6

Attempted Burglary 0 0 0 1

Bomb Threat 1 0 0 0

Criminal Mischief-Misd 1 2 3 1

Criminal Mischief-Felony 1 1 1 0

Harassment 0 0 0 1

Terroristic Threat 0 0 0 4

Type of Offense:

2010 2011 2012 2013

# ofOffenses:

# ofSuspects:

# ofOffenses:

# ofSuspects:

# ofOffenses

# ofSuspects

# ofoffenses:

# ofsuspects:

Aggravated Assault 2 2 0 0 3 2 known3 unknown

0 0

Assault by Contact/Threat-C 1 1 0 0 3 2 unknown 2 5 unknown

1 known

Assault w/Injury-- Class A 2 1 6 13 2 2 known 6 7 known

Attempted Burglary 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 known

Bomb Threat 1 unk 0 0 0 0 0 0

Criminal Mischief--Misd 1 unk 2 unk 3 3 known

2 unknown 1 unknown

Criminal Mischief--Felony 1 unk 1 unk 1 1 unknown 0 0

Harassment 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 unknown

Terroristic Threat 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 known

1 known


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LOCATION OF HATE CRIMES

Area Occurred: 2010 2011 2012 2013

Downtown 1 3 2 1Northwest 0 1 0 0

North Central 0 0 1 1

Northeast Austin 0 0 0 1

South Central 0 1 1 0

Central East Austin 0 0 1 2

Southeast Austin 3 0 1 1

West of Mopac 1 2 0 4*

UT Campus Area 2 2 2 2

Pflugerville Area 0 0 1 2

East Travis County/

Manor 0 0 3 0

Bee Cave 0 0 0 1

Type of Location: 2010# of Offenses:

2011# of Offenses:

2012# of Offenses:

2013# of Offenses:

Bar/Night Club 1 1 0 0

Business 0 0 0 1

Church 1 1 0 0

Hotel 1 0 0 0

Parking Lot/Garage 0 2 3 2

Residence 1 1 4 5

Street/Driveway 2 4 2 7

Park/Jogging Path 0 0 1 0

School 0 0 2 0


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Zip Code 2011 2012 2013 Total:

78701 3 2 1 6

78705 2 2 2 6

78702 0 1 2 3

78704 1 1 0 2

78730 0 0 2 2

78741 0 1 1 2

78746 2 0 0 2

78653 0 2 0 2

78660 0 0 2 2

78723 0 0 1 1

78728 0 1 0 1

78731 1 0 0 1

78732 0 0 1 1

78733 0 0 1 1

78738 0 0 1 1

78751 0 0 1 1

78752 0 1 0 1

78617 0 1 0 1

Totals: 9 12 15 36


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Nature of Bias

Type of Bias Breakdown

Bias Nature Bias Type: 2010 2011 2012 2013

Racial:

Anti-White

Anti-Black 2 2 3 4

Anti-Asian 2 2 1

Anti-Multi Racial

Sexual Orientation

Anti-Male Homosexual 4 3

Anti-Female Homosexual 1 1

Anti-Homosexual 3 1

Anti-Bi-Sexual

Anti-Sexual Orientation 1

Ethnicity/ NationalOrigin:

Anti-Arab 1

Anti-Hispanic 1 4

Anti-Other

Religious:

Anti-Jewish 1 2 1

Anti-Protestant

Anti-Islamic

Anti-Catholic 2

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multi-Religion 1

Disability:Anti-Physical

Anti-Mental

Bias Nature 2010 2011 2012 2013

# of: % of: # of: % of: #

of: % of:

#of:

% of:

Racial: 2 29% 4 44% 5 42% 5 33%

Sexual Orientation: 3 43% 1 11% 5 42% 5 33%

Ethnicity/ National Origin: 1 14% 1 11% 0 0% 4 27%

Religious: 1 14% 3 33% 2 17% 1 7%

Disability: 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%

Bias Nature 2010 2011 2012 2013

Racial: 2 4 5 5

Sexual Orientation: 3 1 5 5

Ethnicity/ National Origin: 1 1 0 4

Religious: 1 3 2 1

Disability: 0 0 0 0


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A/TC Hate CrimesPreliminary Data05-29-14 Page 9

When Hate Crimes Occurred

2010-2013 Hate Crimes by Month

Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Total:

2010 1 1 1 1 1 2 7

2011 1 1 2 1 1 1 7

2012 1 1 1 5 1 3 12

2013 3 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 15

Total: 4 4 4 3 2 4 1 1 3 6 1 7 41

Day/Time of Incident

Day ofWeek:

# of Incidents: Time ofDay:

# of Incidents:

2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013

Mon 2 1 1 9am-6p 1 0 3 5

Tues 1 0 0 2 6p-8p 0 1 1 3

Tues-Wed(overnight)

0 1 1 0 8p-10p 1 0 2 0

Wednesday 0 1 1 1 10p-12a 0 1 1 2

Thursday 0 1 2 3 12a-2a 2 0 2 2

Friday 1 2 2 2 2a-5a 2 4 1 1

Saturday 2 2 3 3 Unk* 1 3 1 2

Sat-Sun(overnight)

0 0 0 1 TOTAL: 7 9 12 15

Sunday 3 0 2 2 *Includes over a 24 hr time period.


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A/TC 2013 Hate Crimes Updated 01-27-15 Page 10

# % # % # % # %

Male 7 88% 8 89% 14 78% 13 68%

Female 1 12% 1 11% 4 22% 6 32%

NA 1 1

Asian 4 36% 2 10% 1 5%

Black 1 11% 2 18% 4 21% 5 26%

Hispanic 2 18% 1 5% 6 32%

Middle Eastern 1 11%

Unknown 2 22%

White 5 56% 1 9% 11 58% 7 37%Business 2 18% 1 10%

17 or under: 0 1 9% 3 17% 0

18-21: 2 22% 3 27% 5 28% 2 11%

22-29: 2 22% 4 36% 3 17% 4 21%

30-39: 2 22% 4 22% 2 11%

40-49: 3 17% 8 42%

Over 50: 2 22% 2 11%

Unknown: 1 11% 3 27%

Avg. age: 34.1 20.6 27.4 39

% of known

% of known

% of known; avg. age includes onlyknown ages

2010 2011 2012 2013

Victim Information


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Suspect Information: Race, Sex & Age

2010 2011 2012 2013

# % # % # % # %

Male 7 100% 10 83% 11 92% 17 100%

Female 2 17% 1 8%

NA/Unk 1 1 3 4

% of what is known

Asian

Black 3 43% 1 8%

Hispanic 1 14% 2 17% 4 33%

Middle Eastern

White 3 43% 10 83% 7 58% 12 71%

Unknown 1 1 3 5

% of what is known; 2013: % of 17 (unknown race for 5 suspects)

17 or under: 0 0 4 40% 1 8%

18-21: 1 25% 2 25% 0 0

22-29: 3 75% 6 75% 4 40% 5 42%

30-39: 0 1 8%

40-45: 2 20% 1 8%

46 or older: 4 33%

Unknown: 4 4 5 3

Avg. age: unk 23.1 23.0 38.1

Used only known ages for average age.


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Additional Info Re: Suspect and Status of Investigations

2013 Suspect Information and Status of Investigation

# ofSuspects:

# ofOffenses:

# ofSuspects

Arrested/ #of Incidents:

ChargesFiled/Prosecuted:

# of OffensesStill Under

Investigation# of Suspects:

Victim DidNot Want

to FileCharges

ProsecutionDecision to

File inAnother Case

No suspect info:* 3

Suspect/sobserved/heard butnot identified:

5 1

Suspect's identified: 12 11 6/7 7 of 7* 0 3 1 of 1

Totals: 17 15

*Warrant issued in one case that is still outstanding so there has not been an arrest.


# ofSuspects:

# ofOffenses:

# of SuspectsArrested/ # of

Incidents:Prosecuted:

# of Offenses StillUnder

Investigation/# of Suspects:

Victim DidNot Want

to FileCharges

No suspect info: 3* 3

Suspect/s observed/heardbut not identified:

5 3

Suspect's identified: 7 6 3 3 1 2

Totals: 12 12

*Reflects 3 offense reports with no suspects; not included in total number of suspects.


# ofSuspects:

# ofOffenses:

# of SuspectsArrested/ # of

Incidents:Prosecuted:



No suspect info: 0 3

Suspect/s observed/heardbut not identified: 5 3

Suspect's identified: 7 6 3 3 1

Totals: 13 12 3 3 0


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# of

Suspects:

# of

Offenses:

# of Suspects

Arrested/ # ofIncidents:

Prosecuted:



No suspect info: 1 1

Suspect/s observed/heardbut not identified:

5 5

Suspect's identified: 1 1 0 0 0

Totals: 7 7 0 0 0


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Status/Disposition of Cases Referred for Prosecutions

2011-2013 Offenses Referred for Prosecution--Dispositions as of 01-27-15

Type of

Offense: Entity:

Victim Offender:

Bias:

Prosecution

Entity:

Hate

CrimeAlleged: Disposition:Race/Sex Age: Race/Sex Age:

2013

Assault w/Injury APD B/M 21 W/M 30 Anti-Black County Atty Yes 300 days county jail

Assault w/Injury* APD B/M 53 W/M 64 Anti-Black County Atty Yes 200 days county jail

Assault w/Injury* APDB/M 43

W/M 64 Anti-Black County Atty Yes 200 days county jailB/M 59

Terroristic Threat APD H/F 53 W/M 44 Anti-

Hispanic County Atty No

Charges dismissed-Insufficient evidence for

original charge

Assault w/Injury* Bee

Cave H/M 22 W/M 27

Anti-Homosexual

Male

County Atty Yes Set for jury trial on

03-04-15

Assault w/InjuryFV

TCSO W/M 48 W/M 50 Anti-Sexual

Orientation C ounty Atty No

Dismissed; victimrestitution made

Terroristic ThreatFV

TCSOW/F 47

W/M 24 Anti-Jewish County Atty Under

reviewWarrant issue (suspect

out of state)W/M 49

2012

Agg. Assaultw/ DeadlyWeapon

APD

B/M 27

W/M 42 Anti-Black Dist Atty Yes Pled guilty; 7 yrs TDCJB/M 41

Assault w/InjuryA APD B/M 44 W/M 22 Anti-Black County Atty Yes

09-26-14: pled guilty, 18mos deferred probation,

$300 fine, 100 hoursCSR; hate crime

allegation was not ondisposition

Agg. Assaultw/DeadlyWeapon*

APD H/F 19 H/M 42Anti-

HomosexualFemale

Dist Atty YesDismissed/victim did notwant to pursue charges

06-05-14

2011

Assault w/InjuryA

UTPD A/M 19 W/M 20 Anti-Asian County Atty No Pled guilty; 2 days in jail

Assault w/InjuryA

UTPD B/M 24 W/M 28 Anti-Black County Atty NoStatute of limitations

expired; victimuncooperative

Assault w/InjuryA

APD B/M 19 W/M 28 Anti-Arab County Atty No Pled guilty; 270 days in

jail

Agg. Assault* APD B/M 64 W/M 26 Anti-Arab Dist Atty YesMistrial/hung jury;charges dismissed

10-02-14

*These offenses were not reported as hate crimes by law enforcement to the FBI but hate crime was alleged in prosecution. They are included in theanalysis.


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Texas and Regional Hate Crime Data 2008-2013(Data gathered from annual FBI Hate Crimes Reports: http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/investigate/civilrights/hate_crimes. For 2012, wealso gathered data from the 2012 addendum:http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/hate-crime/2012-addendum ).

2008-2013 Hate Crime IncidentsState/Regional/Large Urban Counties

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Texas 246 165 174 152 181 135

Bastrop County: 0 0 1 0 0 0

Hays County: 1 0 1 0 2 0

Williamson County: 6 7 4 4 4 0

Travis County: 23 12 7 9 12 15

Bexar County 7 9 6 2 18 11

Dallas County 47 16 19 34 36 24El Paso County 2 3 5 3 5 3

Harris County 55 28 18 16 13 20

Tarrant County 30 16 31 23 20 20

2013 Hate Crimes by Bias MotivationState/Regional/Large Urban Counties

2013 Hate Crime by Bias Motivation

Race Religion SexualOrientation

Ethnicity Disability Gender* Gender

Identity*Total

Incidents:

All of Texas: 41% 6% 33% 18% 1%

Bastrop County 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hays County 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Williamson County 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Travis County** 22% 0% 33% 45% 0% 0% 0% 9

Bexar County 27% 0% 64% 1% 0 0 0 11

Dallas County 25% 17% 42% 17% 0 0 0 24El Paso County 0% 0 100% 0% 0 0 0 3

Harris County 30% 1% 35% 25% 0 0 0 20

Tarrant County 55% 0% 15% 25% 0 0 0 20

*Gender and Gender Identity added in 2013 **Using FBI reported numbers for comparison


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2012 Hate Crimes by Bias MotivationState/Regional/Large Urban Counties

Race Religion

Sexual

Orientation Ethnicity Disability Total:

All of Texas: 40% 13% 31% 16% 0 181

Bastrop County 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hays County 100% 0 0 0 0 2

Williamson County 25% 50% 25% 0 0 4

Travis County 42% 17% 42% 0% 0% 12

Bexar County Total: 33% 28% 33% 6% 0 18

Dallas County 28% 17% 25% 25% 0 36

El Paso County 20% 0 60% 20% 0 5

Harris County 31% 8% 31% 31% 0 13

Tarrant County 65% 10% 25% 0 0 20

Breakdown of Regional Hate Crimes 2008-2013

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Elgin PD 0 0 1 0 0 0

Bastrop County Total: 0 0 1 0 0 0

Kyle PD 0 0 0 0 2 0

San Marcos PD 1 0 1 0 0 0

Hays County Total: 1 0 1 0 2 0

AISD PD 1 0 0 0 0 0

Austin PD 19 11 5 5 7* 7*

Bee Cave PD 0 0 0 0 0 1*

Travis County SO 0 0 1 0 4* 6

UTPD at Austin 3 1 1 2 1* 1

West Lake Hills PD 0 0 0 2 0 0

Travis County Total: 23 12 7 9 12 15

Cedar Park PD 2 0 1 2 0 0

Hutto PD 0 0 1 0 0 0

Round Rock PD 3 7 2 1 2 0

Williamson Co SO 1 0 0 1 2 0

Williamson County Total: 6 7 4 4 4 0

(* Additional hate crimes identified after deadline for DPS/FBI reporting or reported by prosecution entities.)


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2008-2013 Hate Crimes Reported in Six Largest Urban Counties in Texas

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Texas 246 165 174 152 181 135

Bexar County 7 9 6 2 18 11Dallas County 47 16 19 34 36 24

El Paso County 2 3 5 3 5 3

Harris County 55 28 18 16 13 20

Tarrant County 30 16 31 23 20 20

Travis County 23 12 7 9 12 9

Total of UrbanCounties:

164 84 86 87 104 87

Urban Counties %of Texas:

67% 51% 49% 57% 57% 64%

2013 ATC Hate Crimes Report

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