2013 AP BIOLOGY REVIEW

PICTURE PROMPTS

BIG IDEA I:

THE PROCESS OF EVOLUTION EXPLAINS THE DIVERSITY AND

UNITY OF LIFE.

Connecting evolutionary changes in a population over time to change(s) in the environment by describing these examples:

Describe several sources of evidence from multiple scientific disciplines that support biological evolution using the graphics:

If 9% of an African population is born with a severe form of sickle-cell anemia (ss), what percentage of the population will be more resistant to malaria because they are heterozygous(Ss) for the sickle-cell gene?

9% =.09 = ss = q2 (f)s = q = Square root of .09 = .3 p = 1 - .3 = .7 2pq = 2 (.7 x .3) = .42 = 42% of the population are heterozyotes (carriers)

After graduation, you and 19 friends build a raft, sail to a deserted island, and start a new population, totally isolated from the world. Two of your friends carry the recessive cf allele, which in homozygotes causes cystic fibrosis. A. Assuming that the frequency of

this allele does not change as the population grows, what will be the instance of cystic fibrosis on your island?

B. B. Cystic fibrosis births on the island is how many times greater than the original mainland. The frequency of births on the mainland is .059%.

C. Causes for SA and CF in these examples?

http://nhscience.lonestar.edu/biol/hwe/hwefrm4.html

Describe conserved features and core processes as evidence of common ancestry

How do phylogenetics reflect ancestral differences and similarities? What data supports the concept of common ancestry within and between phylogenetic domains for all life?

Speciation & Extinction

Discuss these graphics as evidence of isolating mechanisms leading to speciation.

Discuss models that represent evolution within a population by using these graphics.

Evaluate hypotheses about the origin of life on Earth.