2013-2014 Master in Petroleum Engineering and Operations ......eni s.p.a. upstream & technical...
Transcript of 2013-2014 Master in Petroleum Engineering and Operations ......eni s.p.a. upstream & technical...
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Geomechanical database-Working with analogous
datasets
Chibuzor C. Onyia
San Donato Milanese 13-14-15 October 2014
2013-2014 Master in
Petroleum Engineering and Operations Management
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Geomechanical Database- Working with analogous
datasets
San Donato Milanese 13-14-15 October 2014
Author
Chibuzor C. Onyia
Division eni S.p.A.
Upstream & Technical Services
Dept. TEPE - INGP (Well Engineering)
Company Tutors
Engr. Silvia Haiz
Engr. Elisabetta Romanin
University Tutor
Prof. Francesca Verga
Master in Petroleum Engineering 2013-2014
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� Project Scope
� Key Concepts;
� Scratch test;
� ‘RECALL’ (what is it about?);
� Building and using Geo mechanical database;
� Challenges Faced;
� Conclusion
List of Content
Geomechanical Database: Working with analogous
datasets
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Project Scope
Geomechanical
database; working
with analogous
datasets
Develop a new
Integrated Tool for rock
characterisation using
the data from scratch
test as an analogue.
Collect and analyse all
available past scratch
test data(UCS and PHI)
and their corresponding
acoustic log
data(SONIC) and load
into ‘RECALL’ to create
the new database.
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Project Scope
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• Lack of rock mechanical
property data needed for
well bore stability
studies
• A lot of time needed for
calibration iterations
• Increased precision in
wellbore stability studies
for new wells (reduced
approximations)
• Reduced time taken for
calibrations
Past - Present Present - Future
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Project scope: What we do now
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Drilling Parameters, Well Geometry and
Drilling Events collection and analysis
Log Analysis
Rock Strength Parameter Estimation
Total Stress Estimation:
Vertical Stress
Pore Pressure Evaluation
Failure Analysis
Total and Effective Stress Estimation:
Minimum Horizontal Stress
Calibration Total and Effective Stress Estimation:
Maximum Horizontal Stress
Model application
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Drilling Parameters, Well Geometry and
Drilling Events collection and analysis
Log Analysis
Rock Strength Parameter Estimation
Total Stress Estimation:
Vertical Stress
Pore Pressure Evaluation
Failure Analysis
Total and Effective Stress Estimation:
Minimum Horizontal Stress
Calibration Total and Effective Stress Estimation:
Maximum Horizontal Stress
Model application
Where it adds value?
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List of Content
Geo mechanical Database: Working with analogous
datasets
� Project Scope
� Key Concepts
� Scratch test
� ‘RECALL’ (what is it about?)
� Building and using Geo mechanical database
� Challenges Faced
� Conclusion
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Key Concepts: Wellbore stability
For a good wellbore stability study, parameters like:
• Uniaxial Compressive Strength
• Friction angle
• Poisson’s ratio
• Maximum horizontal stress (SHmax)
are needed.
Unfortunately, these data are not always available from the new well leaving
us with 4 variables and a lot of uncertainty.
Using UCS and friction angle from scratch data of analogous wells removes 2
variables, reducing our uncertainty and improving the accuracy of the study.
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Key Concepts: Uniaxial compressive strength
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Fa
Uniaxial compressive test: From here, the UCS or Co of the rock is
derived.(pic: Prof. Deangeli, 2013, PoliTo)
A
σa= Fa / A
Fa= axial force
A= surface area
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σa -σr
σa -σr
σrσr
Triaxial test: To derive the friction angle and UCS (pic:Prof Deangeli, 2013, PoliTo)
Key Concepts: Friction angle
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Key Concepts: Mohr-Coloumb Criterion
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ϕ′
τ (Mpa)
σ′(Mpa)
βc′
σ′3 σ′1
C’- To derive the
UCS
ϕ′ − To derive the
PHI (friction angle)
β − Inclination of
the failure plane
The Mohr – Coloumb failure criterion showing the
relation ship between rock strength parameters. (courtesy: Prof Chiara Deangeli, 2013, PoliTo)
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List of Content
� Project Scope
� Key Concepts
� Scratch test
� ‘RECALL’ (what is it about?)
� Building and using a Geomechanical database
� Challenges Faced
� Conclusion
Geo mechanical Database: Working with analogous
datasets
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Scratch Test : Basic Principles
The scratch test consists in tracing a groove at the surface of a rock
sample under fixed parameters:
– Depth of cut d;
– Cutter width w;
– Velocity v;
– Sharp or Blunt Cutter.
(pic:courtesy Epslog Belgium)
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Scratch Test : Why?
� Continuous measurements with high resolution adequately
characterizes the effects of heterogeneity on the mechanical
parameters.
� Can be used to verify triaxial test results on core samples.
� Semi destructive and repeatable unlike triaxial and uniaxial tests.
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Scratch Test : How it looks like?
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The ‘WOMBAT’ tool used for scratch tests in eni
(Courtesy epslog belgium and G. Musso, PoliTo)
Sharp cutter (ductile failure - UCS)
Blunt cutter(brittle failure – PHI)
The peaks are when cracks are initiated and the abrupt
drop is associated with an unstable propagation of the
crack leading to the formation of chips
Position(mm)
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�Project Scope
�Key Concepts
�Scratch test
�‘RECALL’ (what is it about?)
�Building and using a Geomechanical database
�Challenges Faced
�Conclusion
List of Content
Geomechanical database: Working with analogous
datasets
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‘RECALL’( What it’s about?)
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� Corporate database for logs in eni
� Incorporates petrophysical log data, analysis and calculations of rock
strength parameters, integrates mud logging data, well surveys and
lab test data (triaxial and oedometric) except scratch tests.
Currently used for:
� Wellbore stability analysis in eni.
� Analysis is done by applying empirical formulas.
� Gives as one of its output the shear failure gradient and the ideal
mud weight to be used while drilling.
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‘RECALL’(Input data)
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(Courtesy: S.Haiz,2014, PoliTo)
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‘RECALL’( How does it look?)
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User interfaceSearch interface
Rock strength parameters as output for WBS studies
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�Project Scope
�Key Concepts
�Scratch test
�‘RECALL’ (what is it about?)
�Building and using a Geo mechanical database
�Challenges Faced
�Conclusion
List of Content
Geomechanical database: Working with analogous
datasets
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Building and using a Geomechanical database
� A collection and conversion into ‘RECALL’ readable format of all available
scratch test data (UCS & PHI) and sonic logs.
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What is meant by ‘Geomechanical database’ :
The corporate database
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Building and using a Geomechanical database
� Using a specially designed integrated tool on Logscape (RECALL’s output
interface).
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How is it viewed?
The integrated analysis tool
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Building and using a Geomechanical database
Factors considered when designing the tool :
� Inputs required (acoustic logs, scratch data)
� Acquisition references (logs vs cores)
� Workflow simplicity and functionality
� Result format (saving the required curves).
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Building and using a Geomechanical database
� Identifying critical functionalities needed (searching, depth matching,
importing and combining logs, lithologies)
� Using RECALL standard track sheets, building a logical flow of data
entry and analysis
� Defining loading conventions and creating new curves (Sonic mean,
sonic) for search optimization.
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How the tool was created?
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Building and using a Geomechanical database
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Scratch test
data from
laboratory
RECALL
Identify
needed
functionalities
Define
search
parameters
Build the
display tool
Acoustic
logs from
the well
Merge
Rock strength parametersOverview of the study
Sonic mean
curve
Background
User interface
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Building and using a Geomechanical database
� Allows for a more precise wellbore stability study.
� Shortens time taken for calibration iterations.
� Helps in saving drilling time and costs (stuck pipe, cavings, reaming)
by predicting more precise gradients.
� Ultimately, increases safety of the whole drilling process.
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What is it used for?
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Building and using a Geomechanical database
� Place planned well sonic and lithology on the designed semi-
automatic worksheet.
� Identify the depth range of the planned sonic being considered.
� From the statistics and lithology, search database for an analogous
well with similar parameters.
� Place the analogous sonic, UCS and PHI curves in their respective
data tracks
� Using the vertex tool, do a variable depth shift to align the depths of
the analogous and planned well.
� The UCS and PHI of the analogous can now be used for calculations
for the planned new well in another worksheet.
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Using the database/working with analogues:
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Building and using a Geomechanical database
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Insert the offset
well lithology
Place sonic for the
offset well and select
zone of interest
Offset well sonic
statistics for search
optimization
Analogue sonic is
inserted here after
searching
UCS and PHI of the
analogue well from
database
Lithology search can
be done
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Building and using a Geomechanical database
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The tool showing the different tracks, zones, planned sonic and output.
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List of Content
Geomechanical database: Working with
analogous datasets
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�Project Scope
�Key Concepts
�Scratch test
�‘RECALL’ (what is it about?)
�Building and using a Geomechanical database
�Challenges Faced
�Conclusion
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Challenges Faced
� Data collection and model validation
� Defining and Refining the search parameters
� Simplifying the tool
� Depth matching
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List of Content
Geomechanical database: Working with
analogous datasets
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�Project Scope
�Key Concepts
�Scratch test
�‘RECALL’ (what is it about?)
�Building and using a Geo mechanical database
�Challenges Faced
� Conclusion
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Conclusion
• Database dedicated to rock strength parameters;
• New semi-automatic tool for analysis of the database.
• Quicker model calibration and prediction while drilling
Add-on:
• A user guide developed to optimize usage of the tool.
• Updating scratch database as soon as the
experiments are done in the laboratories to
prevent gaps making the database more robust.
• Refining the search parameters as the database
grows and more data parameters are added.
• Using other logs.
What next ?:
Main Results:
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Acknowledgements
To God Almighty, without whom this one year would have
been impossible.
To eni s.p.a upstream & technical services management for
the permission to use their data and present this work.
To my tutors and dear colleagues in TEPE-INGP for the coffee,
support, attention and advice.
San Donato Milanese 13-14-15 October 2014
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Questions???
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