SKIN & BODY SENSES

SKIN SENSES

COMPRISED OF: PRESSURE TEMPERATURE PAIN

DETERMINED BY THE NUMBER OF PAIN RECPETORS IN A GIVEN AREA

NECK & BACK OF THE KNEE HAVE MANY

BODY SENSES

KINESTHESIS INFORMS BRAIN ABOUT

THE POSITION AND MOTION OF THE BODY

VESTIBULAR SENSE INFORMS THE BRAIN AS

TO THE VERTICAL POSITION OF THE BODY

PERCEPTION

Does the door swing in or out?

Where do you focus your attention?

Muller-Lyer Illusion

Which line between the arrows is longer?

6 Rules of Perception

Closure Figure-Ground Perception Proximity Similarity Continuity Common Fate

Closure

The tendency to perceive a complete or whole figure even when there are gaps in what your senses tell you.

Figure-Ground Perception The perception of

figures against a background. Which is which?

What we perceive as a figure and what we perceive as a background influences our perception

The Vase or Profile perception

Proximity Nearness of one

item to another

People tend to group together visual & auditory events that are near each other

Similarity

Tendency to group together elements that seem alike

Think of similar objects as belonging together

Continuity

A third principle of perceptual organization is that of good continuity. This principle is that contours based on smooth continuity are preferred to abrupt changes of direction. Here, for instance, we are more likely to identify lines a-b and c-d crossing than to identify a-d and c-b or a-c and d-b as lines.

Tendency to group stimuli into continuous patterns

People would rather see continuous patterns rather than disrupted ones

Common Fate

Tendency to perceive objects that are moving together as belonging together

Ex. - if you saw a group of runners it is assumed that they are running to the same place

Stroboscopic MotionVisual illusion in which the

perception of motion is generated by the presentation of a series of stationary images in rapid succession

Flip bookClaymation Movies

“Chicken Run” Gumby

Depth Perception

Monocular Cues for Depth Monocular cues need only one eye to

be perceived and make objects on a 2-D surface appear to be 3-D

Examples of these cues are perspective, clearness, overlapping, shadows, and motion parallax

Depth Perception Binocular Cues for Depth Binocular cues require both eyes to see the

effect

Depth Perception

Binocular Cues (Continued) Two cues for depth perception

Retinal Disparity Convergence

Both work related to the closeness of objects to the eyes

http://dragon.uml.edu/psych/depth2.html

Perceptual Constancies

Size Color Brightness Shape

Size

Tendency to perceive an object as being of one size no matter how far away it is Experience is key

Shape

The knowledge that an object has the same shape no matter what angle it is perceived from