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2012 China anti-Japanese demonstrations 1

2012 China anti-Japanese demonstrations

Anti-Japanese protesters hoisted the portrait of Mao Zedong in Shenyang on 18

September 2012.

The China anti-Japanese demonstrations

of 2012 were a series of initially peaceful

demonstrations held across major cities in

China during August and September 2012.

The main cause of the demonstrations was

the escalation of Senkaku Islands dispute

between China and Japan around the time of 

the anniversary of "September 18 Incident".

The protesters in several cities later became

violent and the local authorities began

arresting demonstrators and banning the

demonstrations.

Background

Anti Japanese protest in Xian on October 20,

2010.(2010年  中  国  反  日  示  威  活  动 )

The Senkaku Islands (in Japanese; Diaoyu Islands in Chinese) are

offshore islands near Taiwan, and have been a subject of territorial

dispute between the governments of the People's Republic of China,

the Republic of China and Japan.[1]

Prior to the demonstrations, there

were many cases of protests over the sovereignty of the islands, most

notably those in China in 2005. September 18 marks the anniversary of 

the 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria, the memories of which fuel

anti-Japanese sentiment in China.[2]

After the 2010 Senkaku boat collision incident, China stopped

exporting rare earth to Japan.[3]

Incidents leading up to the protests

Japanese and Taiwanese coast guards stood face

to face on July 4, 2012.[4]

On 16 April 2012, Japanese governor Shintaro Ishihara publicly

announced his decision to let Tokyo Municipality purchase the island

from its private owner.[5]

On 4 July 2012, three Japanese coast guard boats made an official

inspection of one Taiwanese ship near the disputed island.[4]

After the

inspection, Japanese coast guard and Taiwanse coast guard stood face

to face.[4]

On 7 July 2012, Japanese prime minister Yoshihiko Noda expresses his

consideration for the Japanese government to buy the disputed islands.

The Chinese government angrily protested; Ministry spokesman Liu

Weimin retorted "No one will ever be permitted to buy and sell China's sacred territory".[6][7]

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On 15 August 2012, activists from Hong Kong sailed to, and landed on one of the disputed islands, but were stopped

by the Japan Coast Guard. Seven activists jumped from the ships to swim ashore, five of whom reached the island;

the other two turned back to the ships. The activists and their ship were detained by Japanese authorities.[8]

The

detained activists were deported two days later.[9]

First wave of protests

Anti-Japanese demonstrations in Nanjing on 16

September, filmed at Zhongyang Road.

Protestors burn the Japanese national flag in front

of Consulate-General of Japan in Hong Kong

A procession led by the Hong Kong Action

Committee for Defending the Diaoyu Islands, one

of the main protest organizers on 16 September

2012

After the detainment of Hong Kong activists by the Japanese Coast

Guard, Netizens in Mainland China called for a nationwide protest

against Japan on 19 August.[11][12][13]

In Beijing, citizens began protesting in front of the Japanese embassy

from 15 August. In the morning of 19 August, a crowd gathered and

held placards bearing phrases such as "Return us the Diaoyu Islands"

and "Japan must confess her crimes" in protest.[13]

In Shenzhen, protesters marched down the streets chanting slogans

such as "Defend the Diaoyu Islands" and "Smash JapaneseImperialism", called for the boycott of Japanese goods and for the

government to retake the islands.[14][15]

In the process, many protesters

tore up Japanese flags and smashed Japanese-branded cars[16]

and

vandalized shops selling Japanese goods;[17]

rocks were hurled at a

Ramen shop.[18]

The protests lasted till about 2pm in the afternoon.[19]

According to Sing Tao Daily, the government sent in large numbers of 

armed police, who called for an end to the violent protests, began

driving the protesters away and detaining several over-reacting

protesters.[20]

On 14 September, the Shenzhen Police detained 4

protesters for violating private property rights by deliberately smashing

roadside cars.[21]

The anti-Japanese protests were occasionally exploited by protesters

who sought to criticize the Chinese government. Such demonstrations

included marching with posters of the late Chinese leader Mao Zedong

- perceived to be more assertive on issues of sovereignty than current

leaders, as well as signs about corruption, food safety, and income

inequality.[22]

Supporters of the ousted anti-capitalist leader Bo Xilai

also had a showing during the protests.[23]

There were also protests of varied intensities in other major cities such

as Jinan, Qingdao, Guangzhou, Taiyuan, Shenyang, Changchun,

Harbin, Chengdu and Hangzhou. There were police officers

maintaining order at the scenes to prevent incidents of violence.[13]

Reactions

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Second wave of protests

Beijing

Xi'an

Shanghai

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Changsha

Guangzhou

Dongguan

Chongqing

The main cities of anti-Japanese demonstrations on September 15, 2012.

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Anti Japanese protesters hurled ink bottles at the

wall of the Japanese Consulate-General in

Shenyang, China on September 18, 2012.[35]

Demonstrators from the Chinese diaspora wave

the Flag of the People's Republic of China and

the Flag of the Republic of China together in

Hong Kong.

• On 11 September, China sent two patrol ships to the islands to

demonstrate its claim of ownership.[36]

Japan formally nationalizes

the three islands that were held in the ownership of Kunioki

Kurihara.[37][38]

• On 13 September, Chinese government submit nautical chart with

baselines of the territorial sea on disputed islands to United

Nations.[39][40]

Former president of Republic of China Lee

Teng-hui remarked "The Senkaku islands were Japanese territory in

the past and are still so at present."[41]

• On 15 September, a large number of citizens in mainland China

participated protest marches and called for boycott of Japanese

products.[42]

But in some cities, demonstrations had become out of 

control, fire vandalism and other criminal acts occurred in Changsha

and Qingdao. Across numerous cities, Japanese made cars have

been targets of vandalism.[43]

Around 10 Japanese companies in

Qingdao were damaged.[44]

Anti-Japanese protesters set on fire a

sales outlet of Toyota Motor.[44]

Panasonic factory in Shandong was

set ablaze and Panasonic factory in Suzhou was also damaged by

protesters.[44][45]

Heiwado, Japanese department store in Changsha

was ransacked.[45]

JUSCO, Japanese department store in Qingdao

was also ransacked.[45]

Several thousand of protesters broke into

Garden Hotel in Guangzhou housing the Japanese Consulate

General, smashed windows and attacked Japanese restaurant.[45][46]

• In the weekend of 15 – 16 September, Citizens in mainland China

participated in protest marches and called for a boycott of Japanese products in as many as 85 Chinese cities,[47]

including Shanghai, Shenyang, Zhengzhou, Hangzhou and Harbin, as well as Hong Kong[48][49][50]

Demonstrations escalated to arson of Japanese vehicles and other criminal acts in Beijing,[51]

Shenzhen,[51]

Guangzhou,[52]

Changsha,[53][54]

Suzhou,[51]

Mianyang,[50]

Xi'an[54][55][56]

and Qingdao[51]

• There were protests in Los Angeles,[57]

Houston, San Francisco,[58]

New York [59]

and Chicago, as well as a

petition to the US government and Congress to take a neutral stance over the dispute.[60]

• South China Morning Post reporter Felix Wong was reportedly beaten by police in Shenzhen while covering

the protests.[61]

• US Defense Secretary Leon Panetta told reporters "I am concerned that when these countries engage in

provocations of one kind or another over these various islands that it raises the possibility that a misjudgmenton one side or the other could result in violence and could result in conflict"

[62]

• On 16 September, China officially announced to submit the plan to request natural extension of their continental

shelf up to Okinawa Trough extend the EEZ to UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf.[63]

In

Shenzhen, about 2,000 protesters tried to push their way into a Chinese Communist Party facility, and clashed

with People's Armed Police.[46]

Protesters hurled bottles at the police guard in front of the Communist Party

facility and threw rocks at the vehicles parked in the lot of the Communist Party building.[64]

• On 17 September, Koichiro Gemba said that there was a mutual understanding that the United States would

defend the islands, even though the subject was not discussed with the Americans.[65]

• On 18 September, people in over 180 cities of China attend protests on the 81st anniversary of the MukdenIncident.

[66]

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• The car of Gary Locke, US Ambassador to China was blocked from entering the Japanese embassy, by

protesters who chanted slogans referencing the U.S. – Japan Security Treaty.[67]

Protesters hurled bottles at the

U.S. ambassador’s car and grabbed the US flag.[68]

Then, Chinese security forces broke up the band of 

protesters such that, according to Locke, "It was all over in a matter of minutes, and I never felt in any danger."

Chinese officials have expressed regret over the case and are investigating the "individual" incident.[69]

• Anti Japanese protesters hurled ink bottles at the wall of the Japanese Consulate General in Shenyang.[35]

• On 25 September, Japanese and Taiwanese ships sprayed water at each other after a Taiwanese flotilla briefly

sailed into what Japan says are its territorial waters.[70]

Reactions

• Between 17 to 18 September, Japanese School in Beijing canceled classes.[46]

• Honda temporarily closed down all of its five major assembly plants in China. Toyota left temporary closure

decisions to subsidiaries to decide on their own based on local conditions. Nissan temporarily closed two of its

three factories in the country. Mazda decided to suspend production at its Nanjing plant for four days. Sony

decided to suspend two of its seven factories in China for a short time. Two Panasonic factories in China, located

in Qingdao and Suzhou, were damaged by attacks. Canon temporarily closed down three of its factories in China.

Kobe Steel suspended operations at four factories by September 19, 2012. Fast Retailing suspended operations at

19 of its outlets in China.[71]

• On 18 September, the Japanese right-wing group Ganbare Nippon, which had previously organized landings onto

the disputed islands, organized an anti-Chinese counter-protest in Tokyo which commanded a turnout of about

50.[72]

Crackdown

Demonstrators in Taiwan hoist signs telling "Japanese devils" and "little Japanese"

to "get out" of the disputed islands following the escalation in disputes in 2012.

On September 17, police in the city of Xi'an

banned large protests and forbade the use of phone and online messages to organize

illegal protests. For the duration of the

week, paramilitary troops in Shanghai

provided round-the-clock protection to the

Japanese consulate, stripping demonstrators

of projectiles, warning them against

violence with megaphones, and limiting

demonstrators' time at the site to a few

minutes.[73]

On September 18, police in

Qingdao city arrested six people for violent

acts in connection with the demonstrations.

Guangzhou authorities arrested 18 people

who committed anti-Japanese vandalism and

asked the public to submit evidence against

other violators.[74]

Governments elsewhere

in Guangdong Province warned citizens against being present in large crowds.[75]

On September 19, national authorities deployed riot police to suppress existing protests and to prevent their

re-occurrence. Stations near to protest sites were closed by Beijing subway authorities,[76]

roads were re-opened to

traffic, and Beijing-wide text messages warned citizens against further demonstrations. Outside of minor protests inShanghai, no demonstrations were reported on the 19th. Police stations across the country vowed retribution against

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rioters on Weibo, and China's commerce ministry urged foreign companies to report damage to the authorities.[77]

The Japanese embassy in Beijing confirmed that there were no longer protests at that location, and Japanese

businesses which had shut down during the protests re-opened.[2][76]

On September 21, dozens of Japanese coast guard officials and Okinawa prefecture police officers landed on the

Uotsuri island, a largest island of Senkaku islands to prepare for the landing of Taiwanese activists.[78]

On September 22, the United States Marine and Japanese Ground Self-Defense Force proceeded with an amphibiousassault drill on the scenario of retaking an island occupied by enemy forces.

[79]

Economic impact

During the protests against Japan, there have been calls of boycotts of Japanese goods in addition to the destruction

of several existing Japanese products.[80][81]

Many Japanese businesses and factories in China were shuttered in

reaction to the protests.[82]

Since 16 September, most Chinese group tours to Japan were cancelled,[83][84]

which has

dealt a great blow to the Japanese tourism industry since the earthquake and tsunami disaster in March 2011.[85]

The

Japanese car manufacturing industry has suffered a loss of $250 million between 15 – 21 September due to the

production of about 14,000 cars being suspended.[86]

 The Guardian predicted a global slowdown of economy due to

the protests.[87]

Chinese authorities asked booksellers in Beijing to ban books by Japanese authors and titles about Japanese topics,

and pressured Chinese publishers not to translate and publish Japanese content in response to China-Japan

conflict.[88]

Then Bookstores got rid of all publications related to Japan or written by Japanese authors.[89][90]

On

October 12, the entrepreneur-philanthropist Chen Guangbiao (陳  光  標 ) spent over $770,000 of his own money to

buy new Geely cars for 172 owners of Japanese cars that were vandalized during the protests.[91]

Reactions

China

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs urged people to express thoughts "rationally and within the law".[42]

Japan

Japan Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda urged China to prevent anti-Japan violence.[92]

Taiwan

President Ma Ying-jeou remarked the waters surrounding the Diaoyutais are traditional fishing grounds of 

Taiwanese fishermen.[93]

United States

United States urged calm in the China-Japan islands row.

[94]

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2012 China anti-Japanese demonstrations 10

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" (http:/  

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shtml) (in Chinese).北 京 青 年 

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2012 China anti-Japanese demonstrations 11

[55] "Xi'an Protesters Overturn Cars" (http:/   /  sg. news. yahoo.  com/  photos/ 

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[68] watch the video "China investigating protesters' hassling of U.S. ambassador's car" (http:/   /  edition. cnn.  com/  2012/  09/  20/  world/  asia/ 

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Protects Japanese Consulate it Paid To Fix"]. The Wall STreet Journal.

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). The Diplomat . 18 September 2012. . Retrieved 22 September 2012.

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2012 China anti-Japanese demonstrations 12

[82] "Japan businesses shuttered in China as protests rage" (http:/   /  www. thestar. com/  news/  world/  article/ 

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[85] "Panasonic closes China plants after violent protests" (http:/   /  edition. cnn. com/  2012/  09/  17/  business/  china-japan-panasonic/  index.  html).

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Article Sources and Contributors 13

Article Sources and Contributors2012 China anti-Japanese demonstrations  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=537284469 Contributors: 8ty3hree, Bazonka, Bdell555, Benlisquare, Boneyard90, Cattus,

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