2011 Fall Revision Cycle Report on Proposals - NFPA · PDF fileInformation on NFPA Codes and...

Report onProposals

2011 Fall Revision Cycle

NOTE: The proposed NFPA documents addressed in this Report on

Proposals (ROP) and in a follow-up Report on Comments (ROC) will only

be presented for action at the NFPA June 2012 Association Technical

Meeting to be held June 4–7, 2012, at Mandalay Bay Convention Center

in Las Vegas, NV, when proper Amending Motions have been submitted

to the NFPA by the deadline of October 21, 2011. Documents that receive

no motions will not be presented at the meeting and instead will be

forwarded directly to the Standards Council for action on issuance. For more

information on the rules and for up-to-date information on schedules and

deadlines for processing NFPA documents, check the NFPA website (www.

nfpa.org) or contact NFPA Standards Administration.

ISSN 1079-5332 Copyright © 2010 All Rights Reserved

NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA 02169.

National Fire Protection Association®1 BATTERYMARCH PARK, QUINCY, MA 02169-7471

A compilation of NFPA® TechnicalCommittee Reports on Proposals for public review and comment

Public Comment Deadline: March 4, 2011

Information on NFPA Codes and Standards Development

I. Applicable Regulations. The primary rules governing the processing of NFPA documents (codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides) are the NFPA Regulations Governing Committee Projects (Regs). Other applicable rules include NFPA Bylaws, NFPA Technical Meeting Convention Rules, NFPA Guide for the Conduct of Participants in the NFPA Standards Development Process, and the NFPA Regulations Governing Petitions to the Board of Directors from Decisions of the Standards Council. Most of these rules and regulations are contained in the NFPA Directory. For copies of the Directory, contact Codes and Standards Administration at NFPA Headquarters; all these documents are also available on the NFPA website at “www.nfpa.org.”

The following is general information on the NFPA process. All participants, however, should refer to the actual rules and regulations for a full understanding of this process and for the criteria that govern participation.

II. Technical Committee Report. The Technical Committee Report is defined as “the Report of the Technical Committee and Technical Correlating Committee (if any) on a document. A Technical Committee Report consists of the Report on Proposals (ROP), as modified by the Report on Comments (ROC), published by the Association.”

III. Step 1: Report on Proposals (ROP). The ROP is defined as “a report to the Association on the actions taken by Technical Committees and/or Technical Correlating Committees, accompanied by a ballot statement and one or more proposals on text for a new document or to amend an existing document.” Any objection to an action in the ROP must be raised through the filing of an appropriate Comment for consideration in the ROC or the objection will be considered resolved.

IV. Step 2: Report on Comments (ROC). The ROC is defined as “a report to the Association on the actions taken by Technical Committees and/or Technical Correlating Committees accompanied by a ballot statement and one or more comments resulting from public review of the Report on Proposals (ROP).” The ROP and the ROC together constitute the Technical Committee Report. Any outstanding objection following the ROC must be raised through an appropriate Amending Motion at the Association Technical Meeting or the objection will be considered resolved.

V. Step 3a: Action at Association Technical Meeting. Following the publication of the ROC, there is a period during which those wishing to make proper Amending Motions on the Technical Committee Reports must signal their intention by submitting a Notice of Intent to Make a Motion. Documents that receive notice of proper Amending Motions (Certified Amending Motions) will be presented for action at the annual June Association Technical Meeting. At the meeting, the NFPA membership can consider and act on these Certified Amending Motions as well as Follow-up Amending Motions, that is, motions that become necessary as a result of a previous successful Amending Motion. (See 4.6.2 through 4.6.9 of Regs for a summary of the available Amending Motions and who may make them.) Any outstanding objection following action at an Association Technical Meeting (and any further Technical Committee consideration following successful Amending Motions, see Regs at 4.7) must be raised through an appeal to the Standards Council or it will be considered to be resolved.

VI. Step 3b: Documents Forwarded Directly to the Council. Where no Notice of Intent to Make a Motion (NITMAM) is received and certified in accordance with the Technical Meeting Convention Rules, the document is forwarded directly to the Standards Council for action on issuance. Objections are deemed to be resolved for these documents.

VII. Step 4a: Council Appeals. Anyone can appeal to the Standards Council concerning procedural or substantive matters related to the development, content, or issuance of any document of the Association or on matters within the purview of the authority of the Council, as established by the Bylaws and as determined by the Board of Directors. Such appeals must be in written form and filed with the Secretary of the Standards Council (see 1.6 of Regs). Time constraints for filing an appeal must be in accordance with 1.6.2 of the Regs. Objections are deemed to be resolved if not pursued at this level.

VIII. Step 4b: Document Issuance. The Standards Council is the issuer of all documents (see Article 8 of Bylaws). The Council acts on the issuance of a document presented for action at an Association Technical Meeting within 75 days from the date of the recommendation from the Association Technical Meeting, unless this period is extended by the Council (see 4.8 of Regs). For documents forwarded directly to the Standards Council, the Council acts on the issuance of the document at its next scheduled meeting, or at such other meeting as the Council may determine (see 4.5.6 and 4.8 of Regs).

IX. Petitions to the Board of Directors. The Standards Council has been delegated the responsibility for the administration of the codes and standards development process and the issuance of documents. However, where extraordinary circumstances requiring the intervention of the Board of Directors exist, the Board of Directors may take any action necessary to fulfill its obligations to preserve the integrity of the codes and standards development process and to protect the interests of the Association. The rules for petitioning the Board of Directors can be found in the Regulations Governing Petitions to the Board of Directors from Decisions of the Standards Council and in 1.7 of the Regs.

X. For More Information. The program for the Association Technical Meeting (as well as the NFPA website as information becomes available) should be consulted for the date on which each report scheduled for consideration at the meeting will be presented. For copies of the ROP and ROC as well as more information on NFPA rules and for up-to-date information on schedules and deadlines for processing NFPA documents, check the NFPA website (www.nfpa.org) or contact NFPA Codes & Standards Administration at (617) 984-7246.

i

2011 Fall Revision Cycle ROP Contents

by NFPA Numerical Designation

Note: Documents appear in numerical order.

NFPA No. Type Action Title Page No.

59A P Standard for the Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) .............................. 59A-1 75 P Standard for the Protection of Information Technology Equipment .............................................................. 75-1 (To be retitled as Standard for the Fire Protection of Information Technology Equipment) 76 P Standard for the Fire Protection of Telecommunications Facilities ............................................................... 76-1 115 P Standard for Laser Fire Protection ................................................................................................................ 115-1 150 P Standard on Fire and Life Safety in Animal Housing Facilities .................................................................. 150-1 170 P Standard for Fire Safety and Emergency Symbols ....................................................................................... 170-1 252 P Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Door Assemblies .................................................................................. .252-1 257 P Standard on Fire Test for Window and Glass Block Assemblies ............................................................... .257-1 268 P Standard Test Method for Determining Ignitibility of Exterior Wall Assemblies Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source .............................................................................................................................................. .268-1 269 P Standard Test Method for Developing Toxic Potency Data for Use in Fire Hazard Modeling ................. .269-1 271 P Standard Method of Test for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an

Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter .............................................................................................................. .271-1 275 P Standard Method of Fire Tests for the Evaluation of Thermal Barriers Used Over Foam Plastic Insulation ................................................................................................................................ .275-1 (To be retitled as Standard Method of Fire Tests for the Evaluation of Thermal Barriers) 287 P Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Flammability of Materials in Cleanrooms Using a Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA) ...................................................................................................................... .287-1 288 P Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Floor Fire Door Assemblies Installed Horizontally in Fire Resistance–Rated Floor Systems ..................................................................................................... .288-1 (To be retitled as Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Horizontal Fire Door Assemblies Installed in Fire

Resistance–Rated Horizontal Assemblies) 385 P Standard for Tank Vehicles for Flammable and Combustible Liquids ....................................................... .385-1 497 P Recommended Practice for the Classification of Flammable Liquids, Gases, or Vapors and of Hazardous

(Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas ............................................ 497-1 499 C Recommended Practice for the Classification of Combustible Dusts and of Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas ................................................................ 499-1 550 P Guide to the Fire Safety Concepts Tree ........................................................................................................ 550-1 557 N Standard for Determination of Fire Load for Use in Structural Fire Protection Design .............................. 557-1 560 W Standard for the Storage, Handling, and Use of Ethylene Oxide for Sterilization and Fumigation ............ 560-1 655 P Standard for Prevention of Sulfur Fires and Explosions .............................................................................. 655-1 1005 W Standard for Professional Qualifications for Marine Fire Fighting for Land-Based Fire Fighters ............ 1005-1 1037 P Standard for Professional Qualifications for Fire Marshal ......................................................................... 1037-1 1041 P Standard for Fire Service Instructor Professional Qualifications ............................................................... 1041-1 1051 P Standard for Wildland Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications ................................................................ 1051-1 1061 P Standard for Professional Qualifications for Public Safety Telecommunicator ........................................ 1061-1 (To be retitled as Standard for Professional Qualifications for Public Safety Telecommunications Personnel)

ii

1401 P Recommended Practice for Fire Service Training Reports and Records ................................................... 1401-1 1402 P Guide to Building Fire Service Training Centers ....................................................................................... 1402-1 1403 C Standard on Live Fire Training Evolutions ................................................................................................ 1403-1 1906 C Standard for Wildland Fire Apparatus ........................................................................................................ 1906-1 1911 P Standard for the Inspection, Maintenance, Testing, and Retirement of In-Service Automotive Fire Apparatus ..................................................................................................................................................... 1911-1 1951 P Standard on Protective Ensembles for Technical Rescue Incidents ........................................................... 1951-1 1961 P Standard on Fire Hose ................................................................................................................................. 1961-1 1971 P Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire Fighting ................... 1971-1 1983 P Standard on Life Safety Rope and Equipment for Emergency Services .................................................... 1983-1 1991 P Standard on Vapor-Protective Ensembles for Hazardous Materials Emergencies ................................... 1991-1 (To be retitled as Standard on Vapor-Protective Ensembles for Hazardous Materials Emergencies and CBRN

Terrorism Incidents) 1992 P Standard on Liquid Splash-Protective Ensembles and Clothing for Hazardous Materials Emergencies ................................................................................................................................................ 1992-1 1994 P Standard on Protective Ensembles for First Responders to CBRN Terrorism Incidents ........................... 1994-1

TYPES OF ACTION

P Partial Revision C Complete Revision N New Document R Reconfirmation W Withdrawal

iii

2011 Fall Revision Cycle ROP

Committees Reporting Type Action Page No.

Animal Housing Facilities 150 Standard on Fire and Life Safety in Animal Housing Facilities P 150-1 Electrical Equipment in Chemical Atmosphere 497 Recommended Practice for the Classification of Flammable Liquids, Gases, or Vapors and of

Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas P 497-1

499 Recommended Practice for the Classification of Combustible Dusts and of Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas

C 499-1

Electronic Computer Systems 75 Standard for the Protection of Information Technology Equipment P 75-1 Fire and Emergency Services Protective Clothing and Equipment Hazardous Materials Protective Clothing and Equipment

1991 Standard on Vapor-Protective Ensembles for Hazardous Materials Emergencies P 1991-1 1992 Standard on Liquid Splash-Protective Ensembles and Clothing for Hazardous Materials

Emergencies P 1992-1

1994 Standard on Protective Ensembles for First Responders to CBRN Terrorism Incidents P 1994-1 Special Operations Protective Clothing and Equipment 1951 Standard on Protective Ensembles for Technical Rescue Incidents P 1951-1 1983 Standard on Life Safety Rope and Equipment for Emergency Services P 1983-1 Structural and Proximity Fire Fighting Protective Clothing and Equipment 1971 Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire Fighting P 1971-1 Fire Department Apparatus 1906 Standard for Wildland Fire Apparatus C 1906-1 1911 Standard for the Inspection, Maintenance, Testing, and Retirement of In-Service Automotive Fire

Apparatus P 1911-1

Fire Hose 1961 Standard on Fire Hose P 1961-1 Fire Risk Assessment Methods 550 Guide to the Fire Safety Concepts Tree P 550-1 Fire Safety and Emergency Symbols 170 Standard for Fire Safety and Emergency Symbols P 170-1 Fire Service Training 1401 Recommended Practice for Fire Service Training Reports and Records P 1401-1 1402 Guide to Building Fire Service Training Centers P 1402-1 1403 Standard on Live Fire Training Evolutions C 1403-1 Fire Tests 252 Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Door Assemblies P 252-1 257 Standard on Fire Test for Window and Glass Block Assemblies P 257-1 268 Standard Test Method for Determining Ignitibility of Exterior Wall Assemblies Using a Radiant

Heat Energy Source P 268-1

269 Standard Test Method for Developing Toxic Potency Data for Use in Fire Hazard Modeling P 269-1 271 Standard Method of Test for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products

Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter P 271-1

275 Standard Method of Fire Tests for the Evaluation of Thermal Barriers Used Over Foam Plastic Insulation

P 275-1

287 Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Flammability of Materials in Cleanrooms Using a Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA)

P 287-1

288 Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Floor Fire Door Assemblies Installed Horizontally in Fire Resistance–Rated Floor Systems

P 288-1

Handling and Conveying of Dusts, Vapors, and Gases 655 Standard for Prevention of Sulfur Fires and Explosions P 655-1 Hazard and Risk of Contents and Furnishings 557 Standard for Determination of Fire Load for Use in Structural Fire Protection Design N 557-1

iv

Industrial and Medical Gases 560 Standard for the Storage, Handling, and Use of Ethylene Oxide for Sterilization and Fumigation W 560-1 Laser Fire Protection 115 Standard for Laser Fire Protection P 115-1 Liquefied Natural Gas 59A Standard for the Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) P 59A-1 Professional Qualifications Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications

1005 Standard for Professional Qualifications for Marine Fire Fighting for Land-Based Fire Fighters W 1005-1 Fire Marshal Professional Qualifications 1037 Standard for Professional Qualifications for Fire Marshal P 1037-1 Fire Service Instructor Professional Qualifications 1041 Standard for Fire Service Instructor Professional Qualifications P 1041-1 Public Safety Telecommunicator Professional Qualifications 1061 Standard for Professional Qualifications for Public Safety Telecommunications P 1061-1 Wildfire Suppression Professional Qualifications 1051 Standard for Wildland Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications P 1051-1 Telecommunications 76 Standard for the Fire Protection of Telecommunications Facilities P 76-1 Transportation of Flammable Liquids 385 Standard for Tank Vehicles for Flammable and Combustible Liquids P 385-1

v

COMMITTEE MEMBER CLASSIFICATIONS1,2,3,4

The following classifications apply to Committee members and represent their principal interest in the activity of the

Committee.

1. M Manufacturer: A representative of a maker or marketer of a product, assembly, or system, or portion thereof,

that is affected by the standard.

2. U User: A representative of an entity that is subject to the provisions of the standard or that voluntarily uses the

standard.

3. IM Installer/Maintainer: A representative of an entity that is in the business of installing or maintaining a product,

assembly, or system affected by the standard.

4. L Labor: A labor representative or employee concerned with safety in the workplace.

5. RT Applied Research/Testing Laboratory: A representative of an independent testing laboratory or independent

applied research organization that promulgates and/or enforces standards.

6. E Enforcing Authority: A representative of an agency or an organization that promulgates and/or enforces

standards.

7. I Insurance: A representative of an insurance company, broker, agent, bureau, or inspection agency.

8. C Consumer: A person who is or represents the ultimate purchaser of a product, system, or service affected by the

standard, but who is not included in (2).

9. SE Special Expert: A person not representing (1) through (8) and who has special expertise in the scope of the

standard or portion thereof.

NOTE 1: “Standard” connotes code, standard, recommended practice, or guide.

NOTE 2: A representative includes an employee.

NOTE 3: While these classifications will be used by the Standards Council to achieve a balance for Technical Committees,

the Standards Council may determine that new classifications of member or unique interests need representation in order to

foster the best possible Committee deliberations on any project. In this connection, the Standards Council may make such

appointments as it deems appropriate in the public interest, such as the classification of “Utilities” in the National Electrical

Code Committee.

NOTE 4: Representatives of subsidiaries of any group are generally considered to have the same classification as the parent

organization.

FORM FOR COMMENT ON NFPA REPORT ON PROPOSALS 2011 FALL REVISION CYCLE

FINAL DATE FOR RECEIPT OF COMMENTS: 5:00 pm EST, MARCH 4, 2011

For further information on the standards-making process, please contact the Codes and Standards Administration at 617-984-7249 or visit www.nfpa.org/codes.

For technical assistance, please call NFPA at 1-800-344-3555.

FOR OFFICE USE ONLY

Log #:

Date Rec’d:

Please indicate in which format you wish to receive your ROP/ROC electronic paper download (Note: If choosing the download option, you must view the ROP/ROC from our website; no copy will be sent to you.)

Date 8/1/20XX Name John B. Smith Tel. No. 253-555-1234

Company Email

Street Address 9 Seattle St. City Tacoma State WA Zip 98402

***If you wish to receive a hard copy, a street address MUST be provided. Deliveries cannot be made to PO boxes.

Please indicate organization represented (if any) Fire Marshals Assn. of North America

1. (a) NFPA Document Title National Fire Alarm Code NFPA No. & Year NFPA 72, 20XX ed.

(b) Section/Paragraph 4.4.1.1

2. Comment on Proposal No. (from ROP): 72-7

3. Comment Recommends (check one): new text revised text deleted text

4. Comment (include proposed new or revised wording, or identification of wording to be deleted): [Note: Proposed text should be in legislative format; i.e., use underscore to denote wording to be inserted (inserted wording) and strike-through to denote wording to be deleted (deleted wording).]

Delete exception.

5. Statement of Problem and Substantiation for Comment: (Note: State the problem that would be resolved by your recommendation; give the specific reason for your Comment, including copies of tests, research papers, fire experience, etc. If more than 200 words, it may be abstracted for publication.)

A properly installed and maintained system should be free of ground faults. The occurrence of one or more ground faults should be required to cause a ‘trouble’ signal because it indicates a condition that could contribute to future malfunction of the system. Ground fault protection has been widely available on these systems for years and its cost is negligible. Requiring it on all systems will promote better installations, maintenance and reliability.

6. Copyright Assignment

(a) I am the author of the text or other material (such as illustrations, graphs) proposed in the Comment.

(b) Some or all of the text or other material proposed in this Comment was not authored by me. Its source is as follows: (please identify which material and provide complete information on its source)

I hereby grant and assign to the NFPA all and full rights in copyright in this Comment and understand that I acquire no rights in any publication of NFPA in which this Comment in this or another similar or analogous form is used. Except to the extent that I do not have authority to make an assignment in materials that I have identified in (b) above, I hereby warrant that I am the author of this Comment and that I have full power and authority to enter into this assignment.

Signature (Required)

PLEASE USE SEPARATE FORM FOR EACH COMMENT

Mail to: Secretary, Standards Council ∙ National Fire Protection Association 1 Batterymarch Park ∙ Quincy, MA 02169-7471 OR

Fax to: (617) 770-3500 OR Email to: [email protected] 11/24/2010

mailto:[email protected]

FORM FOR COMMENT ON NFPA REPORT ON PROPOSALS 2011 FALL REVISION CYCLE

FINAL DATE FOR RECEIPT OF COMMENTS: 5:00 pm EST, MARCH 4, 2011

For further information on the standards-making process, please contact the Codes and Standards Administration at 617-984-7249 or visit www.nfpa.org/codes.

For technical assistance, please call NFPA at 1-800-344-3555.

FOR OFFICE USE ONLY

Log #:

Date Rec’d:

Please indicate in which format you wish to receive your ROP/ROC electronic paper download (Note: If choosing the download option, you must view the ROP/ROC from our website; no copy will be sent to you.)

Date Name Tel. No.

Company Email

Street Address City State Zip

***If you wish to receive a hard copy, a street address MUST be provided. Deliveries cannot be made to PO boxes.

Please indicate organization represented (if any)

1. (a) NFPA Document Title NFPA No. & Year

(b) Section/Paragraph

2. Comment on Proposal No. (from ROP):

3. Comment Recommends (check one): new text revised text deleted text

4. Comment (include proposed new or revised wording, or identification of wording to be deleted): [Note: Proposed text should be in legislative format; i.e., use underscore to denote wording to be inserted (inserted wording) and strike-through to denote wording to be deleted (deleted wording).]

5. Statement of Problem and Substantiation for Comment: (Note: State the problem that would be resolved by your recommendation; give the specific reason for your Comment, including copies of tests, research papers, fire experience, etc. If more than 200 words, it may be abstracted for publication.)

6. Copyright Assignment

(a) I am the author of the text or other material (such as illustrations, graphs) proposed in the Comment.

(b) Some or all of the text or other material proposed in this Comment was not authored by me. Its source is as follows: (please identify which material and provide complete information on its source)

I hereby grant and assign to the NFPA all and full rights in copyright in this Comment and understand that I acquire no rights in any publication of NFPA in which this Comment in this or another similar or analogous form is used. Except to the extent that I do not have authority to make an assignment in materials that I have identified in (b) above, I hereby warrant that I am the author of this Comment and that I have full power and authority to enter into this assignment.

Signature (Required)

PLEASE USE SEPARATE FORM FOR EACH COMMENT

Mail to: Secretary, Standards Council ∙ National Fire Protection Association 1 Batterymarch Park ∙ Quincy, MA 02169-7471 OR

Fax to: (617) 770-3500 OR Email to: [email protected] 11/24/2010

mailto:[email protected]

Sequence of Events Leading to Issuance of an NFPA Committee Document

Step 1 Call for Proposals

▼ Proposed new document or new edition of an existing document is entered into one of two yearly revision cycles, and a Call for Proposals is published.

Step 2 Report on Proposals (ROP)

▼ Committee meets to act on Proposals, to develop its own Proposals, and to prepare its Report.

▼ Committee votes by written ballot on Proposals. If two-thirds approve, Report goes forward. Lacking two-thirds approval, Report returns to Committee.

▼ Report on Proposals (ROP) is published for public review and comment.

Step 3 Report on Comments (ROC)

▼ Committee meets to act on Public Comments to develop its own Comments, and to prepare its report.

▼ Committee votes by written ballot on Comments. If two-thirds approve, Report goes forward. Lacking two-thirds approval, Report returns to Committee.

▼ Report on Comments (ROC) is published for public review.

Step 4 Association Technical Meeting

▼ “Notices of intent to make a motion” are filed, are reviewed, and valid motions are certified for presentation at the Association Technical Meeting. (“Consent Documents” that have no certified motions bypass the Association Technical Meeting and proceed to the Standards Council for issuance.)

▼ NFPA membership meets each June at the Association Technical Meeting and acts on Technical Committee Reports (ROP and ROC) for documents with “certified amending motions.”

▼ Committee(s) vote on any amendments to Report approved at NFPA Annual Membership Meeting.

Step 5 Standards Council Issuance

▼ Notification of intent to file an appeal to the Standards Council on Association action must be filed within 20 days of the NFPA Annual Membership Meeting.

▼ Standards Council decides, based on all evidence, whether or not to issue document or to take other action, including hearing any appeals.

The Association Technical Meeting

The process of public input and review does not end with the publication of the ROP and ROC. Following the completion of the Proposal and Comment periods, there is yet a further opportunity for debate and discussion through the Association Technical Meeting that takes place at the NFPA Annual Meeting.

The Association Technical Meeting provides an opportunity for the final Technical Committee Report (i.e., the ROP and ROC) on each proposed new or revised code or standard to be presented to the NFPA membership for the debate and consideration of motions to amend the Report. The specific rules for the types of motions that can be made and who can make them are set forth in NFPA’s rules, which should always be consulted by those wishing to bring an issue before the membership at an Association Technical Meeting. The following presents some of the main features of how a Report is handled.

The Filing of a Notice of Intent to Make a Motion. Before making an allowable motion at an Association Technical Meeting, the intended maker of the motion must file, in advance of the session, and within the published deadline, a Notice of Intent to Make a Motion. A Motions Committee appointed by the Standards Council then reviews all notices and certifies all amending motions that are proper. The Motions Committee can also, in consultation with the makers of the motions, clarify the intent of the motions and, in certain circumstances, combine motions that are dependent on each other together so that they can be made in one single motion. A Motions Committee report is then made available in advance of the meeting listing all certified motions. Only these Certified Amending Motions, together with certain allowable Follow-Up Motions (that is, motions that have become necessary as a result of previous successful amending motions) will be allowed at the Association Technical Meeting.

Consent Documents. Often there are codes and standards up for consideration by the membership that will be noncontroversial and no proper Notices of Intent to Make a Motion will be filed. These “Consent Documents” will bypass the Association Technical Meeting and head straight to the Standards Council for issuance. The remaining documents are then forwarded to the Association Technical Meeting for consideration of the NFPA membership.

What Amending Motions Are Allowed. The Technical Committee Reports contain many Proposals and Comments that the Technical Committee has rejected or revised in whole or in part. Actions of the Technical Committee published in the ROP may also eventually be rejected or revised by the Technical Committee during the development of its ROC. The motions allowed by NFPA rules provide the opportunity to propose amendments to the text of a proposed code or standard based on these published Proposals, Comments, and Committee actions. Thus, the list of allowable motions include motions to accept Proposals and Comments in whole or in part as submitted or as modified by a Technical Committee action. Motions are also available to reject an accepted Comment in whole or part. In addition, Motions can be made to return an entire Technical Committee Report or a portion of the Report to the Technical Committee for further study.

The NFPA Annual Meeting, also known as the NFPA Conference & Expo, takes place in June of each year. A second Fall membership meeting was discontinued in 2004, so the NFPA Technical Committee Report Session now runs once each year at the Annual Meeting in June.

Who Can Make Amending Motions. NFPA rules also define those authorized to make amending motions. In many cases, the maker of the motion is limited by NFPA rules to the original submitter of the Proposal or Comment or his or her duly authorized representative. In other cases, such as a Motion to Reject an accepted Comment, or to Return a Technical Committee Report or a portion of a Technical Committee Report for Further Study, anyone can make these motions. For a complete explanation, the NFPA Regs should be consulted.

Action on Motions at the Association Technical Meeting. In order to actually make a Certified Amending Motion at the Association Technical Meeting, the maker of the motion must sign in at least an hour before the session begins. In this way a final list of motions can be set in advance of the session. At the session, each proposed document up for consideration is presented by a motion to adopt the Technical Committee Report on the document. Following each such motion, the presiding officer in charge of the session opens the floor to motions on the document from the final list of Certified Amending Motions followed by any permissible Follow-Up Motions. Debate and voting on each motion proceeds in accordance with NFPA rules. NFPA membership is not required in order to make or speak to a motion, but voting is limited to NFPA members who have joined at least 180 days prior to the Association Technical Meeting and have registered for the meeting. At the close of debate on each motion, voting takes place, and the motion requires a majority vote to carry. In order to amend a Technical Committee Report, successful amending motions must be confirmed by the responsible Technical Committee, which conducts a written ballot on all successful amending motions following the meeting and prior to the document being forwarded to the Standards Council for issuance.

Standards Council Issuance

One of the primary responsibilities of the NFPA Standards Council, as the overseer of the NFPA codes and standards development process, is to act as the official issuer of all NFPA codes and standards. When it convenes to issue NFPA documents, it also hears any appeals related to the document. Appeals are an important part of assuring that all NFPA rules have been followed and that due process and fairness have been upheld throughout the codes and standards development process. The Council considers appeals both in writing and through the conduct of hearings at which all interested parties can participate. It decides appeals based on the entire record of the process as well as all submissions on the appeal. After deciding all appeals related to a document before it, the Council, if appropriate, proceeds to issue the document as an official NFPA code or standard. Subject only to limited review by the NFPA Board of Directors, the decision of the Standards Council is final, and the new NFPA code or standard becomes effective twenty days after Standards Council issuance.

497-1

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497Report of the Committee on

Electrical Equipment in Chemical Atmospheres

James G. Stallcup, ChairGrayboy, Inc., TX [SE]

Babanna Biradar, Bechtel Corporation, TX [SE]Edward M. Briesch, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]Frank C. DeFelice, Jr., Cytec Industries, Inc., CT [U]Mark Driscoll, XL Global Asset Protection Services, MA [I]Matt Egloff, Montana Tech, University of Montana, MT [SE]William T. Fiske, Intertek Testing Services, NY [RT]Bradley G. Lapp, Expo Technologies, Inc., TX [M]William G. Lawrence, Jr., FM Global, MA [I]Robert Malanga, Fire and Risk Engineering, NJ [SE]Timothy J. Myers, Exponent, Inc., MA [SE]Joseph V. Saverino, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., PA [U]Richard F. Schwab, Honeywell, Inc., NJ [U]Sukanta Sengupta, FMC Corporation, NJ [U]Rodolfo N. Sierra, U.S. Coast Guard, DC [E]Erdem A. Ural, Loss Prevention Science & Technologies, Inc., MA [SE]David B. Wechsler, The Dow Chemical Company, TX [U] Rep. American Chemistry CouncilJack H. Zewe, Electrical Consultants Inc., LA [SE]

Alternates

Donald W. Ankele, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] (Alt. to Edward M. Briesch)Ryan Parks, Intertek Testing Services, TX [RT] (Alt. to William T. Fiske)Samuel A. Rodgers, Honeywell, Inc., VA [U] (Alt. to Richard F. Schwab)James W. Stallcup, Jr., Grayboy, Inc., TX [SE] (Alt. to James G. Stallcup)

Nonvoting

George H. St. Onge, Bernardsville, NJ (Member Emeritus)

Staff Liaison: Martha H. Curtis

Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on (1) developing data on the properties of chemicals enabling proper selection of electrical equipment for use in atmospheres containing flammable gases, vapors or dusts; (2) making recommendations for the prevention of fires and explosions through the use of continuously purged, pressurized, explosion-proof, or dust-ignition-proof electrical equipment where installed in such chemical atmospheres.

This list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the text of this edition. Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the front of this book.

The Technical Committee on Electrical Equipment in Chemical Atmospheres is presenting two Reports for adoption, as follows:

Report I: The Technical Committee proposes for adoption, amend-ments to NFPA 497, Recommended Practice for the Classification of Flammable Liquids, Gases, or Vapors and of Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas, 2008 edition. NFPA 497-2008 is published in Volume 16 of the 2010 National Fire Codes and in separate pamphlet form.

The report on NFPA 497 has been submitted to letter ballot of the Technical Committee on Electrical Equipment in Chemical Atmospheres, which consists of 18 voting members. The results of the bal-loting, after circulation of any negative votes, can be found in the report.

Report II: The Technical Committee proposes for adoption, amendments to NFPA 499, Recommended Practice for the Classification of Combustible Dusts and of Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas, 2008 edition. NFPA 499-2008 is published in Volume 16 of the 2010 National Fire Codes and in separate pamphlet form.

The report on NFPA 499 has been submitted to letter ballot of the Technical Committee on Electrical Equipment in Chemical Atmospheres, which consists of 18 voting members. The results of the balloting, after circulation of any negative votes, can be found in the report.

497-2

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497________________________________________________________________497-1 Log #CP1 Final Action: Accept in Principle(Entire Document)________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Electrical Equipment in Chemical Atmospheres, Recommendation: Review entire document to: 1) Update any extracted material by preparing separate proposals to do so, and 2) review and update references to other organizations documents, by preparing proposal(s) as required. Substantiation: To conform to the NFPA Regulations Governing Committee Projects. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in PrincipleRevise text to read as follows: 3.3.4 Combustible Liquid. Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above 100°F (37.8°C), as determined by the test procedures and apparatus set forth in NFPA 30. Combustible liquids are classified as Class II or Class III combustible liquids. [30, 2008] 3.3.4.1 Class II Liquid. Any liquid that has a flash point at or above 100°F (37.8°C) and below 140°F (60°C). [30, 2008] 3.3.4.2 Class IIIA Liquid. Any liquid that has a flash point at or above 140°F (60°C), but below 200°F (93°C). [30, 2008] 3.3.4.3 Class IIIB Liquid. Any liquid that has a flash point at or above 200°F (93°C). [30, 2008] 3.3.6 Flammable Liquid. Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point below 100°F (37.8°C), as determined by the test procedures and apparatus set forth in NFPA 30. Flammable liquids are classified as Class I liquids, Class IA liquids, Class IB liquids, and Class IC liquids. [30, 2008] 3.3.6.1 Class I Liquid. Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point below 100°F (37.8°C) and a Reid vapor pressure not exceeding 40 psia (2068.6 mm Hg) at 100°F (37.8°C), as determined by ASTM D 323, Standard Method of Test for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method). [30, 2008] 3.3.6.2 Class IA Liquids. Those liquids that have flash points below 73°F (22.8°C) and boiling points below 100°F (37.8°C). [30, 2008] 3.3.6.3 Class IB Liquids. Those liquids that have flash points below 73°F (22.8°C) and boiling points at or above 100°F (37.8°C). [30, 2008] 3.3.6.4 Class IC Liquids. Those liquids that have flash points at or above 73°F (22.8°C), but below 100°F (37.8°C). [30, 2008] 4.1.3.1 Class I, Division 1. A Class I, Division 1 location is a location (1) In which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases, flammable liquid–produced vapors, or combustible liquid–produced vapors can exist under normal operating conditions, or (2) In which ignitible concentrations of such flammable gases, flammable liquid–produced vapors, or combustible–liquids above their flash points may exist frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or because of leakage, or (3) In which breakdown or faulty operation of equipment or processes might release ignitible concentrations of flammable gases, flammable liquid–produced vapors, or combustible liquid–produced vapors and might also cause simultaneous failure of electrical equipment in such a way as to directly cause the electrical equipment to become a source of ignition. [70: 500.5(B)(1), 2011] 4.1.3.2 Class I, Division 2. A Class I, Division 2 location is a location (1) In which volatile flammable gases, flammable liquid–produced vapors, or combustible liquid–produced vapors are handled, processed, or used, but in which the liquids, vapors, or gases will normally be confined within closed containers or closed systems from which they can escape only in case of accidental rupture or breakdown of such containers or systems or in case of abnormal operation of equipment, or (2) In which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases, flammable liquid–produced vapors, or combustible liquid–produced vapors are normally prevented by positive mechanical ventilation and which might become hazardous through failure or abnormal operation of the ventilating equipment, or (3) That is adjacent to a Class I, Division 1 location, and to which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases, flammable liquid–produced vapors, or combustible liquid–produced vapors above their flash points might occasionally be communicated unless such communication is prevented by adequate positive-pressure ventilation from a source of clean air and effective safeguards against ventilation failure are provided. [70: 500.5(B)(2), 2011] 4.1.3.3 Class I, Zone 0. A Class I, Zone 0 location is a location in which (1) Ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are present continuously, or (2) Ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are present for long periods of time. [70: 505.5(B)(1), 2011] 4.1.3.4 Class I, Zone 1. A Class I, Zone 1 location is a location (1) In which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are likely to exist under normal operating conditions; or (2) In which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors may exist frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or because of leakage; or (3) In which equipment is operated or processes are carried on, of such a nature that equipment breakdown or faulty operations could result in the release of ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors and also cause simultaneous failure of electrical equipment in a mode to cause the electrical equipment to become a source of ignition; or

(4) That is adjacent to a Class I, Zone 0 location from which ignitible concentrations of vapors could be communicated, unless communication is prevented by adequate positive pressure ventilation from a source of clean air and effective safeguards against ventilation failure are provided. [70: 505.5(B)(2), 2011] 4.1.3.5 Class I, Zone 2. A Class I, Zone 2 location is a location (1) In which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are not likely to occur in normal operation and, if they do occur, will exist only for a short period; or (2) In which volatile flammable liquids, flammable gases, or flammable vapors are handled, processed, or used but in which the liquids, gases, or vapors normally are confined within closed containers of closed systems from which they can escape only as a result of accidental rupture or breakdown of the containers or system, or as a result of the abnormal operation of the equipment with which the liquids or gases are handled, processed, or used; or (3) In which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors normally are prevented by positive mechanical ventilation but which may become hazardous as a result of failure or abnormal operation of the ventilation equipment; or (4) That is adjacent to a Class I, Zone 1 location, from which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors could be communicated, unless such communication is prevented by adequate positive-pressure ventilation from a source of clean air and effective safeguards against ventilation failure are provided. [70: 505.5(B)(3), 2011] 2.(a) Update references from Chapter 2 as shown: 2.3 Other Publications.2.3.1 API Publications. American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005-4070. ANSI/API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, 1998 2002. ANSI/API RP 505, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2, 1998 2002.2.3.2 ASHRAE Publications. American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. ASHRAE 15, Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration, 1994 2007.2.3.3 ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. ASTM D 323, Standard Method of Test for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method), 1999 2006.2.3.4 CGA Publications. Compressed Gas Association, 4221 Walney Road, 5th Floor, Chantilly, VA 20151-2923. ANSI/CGA G2.1, Safety Requirements for the Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia, 1999. 2.3.5 IEC Publications. International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, P.O. Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland. IEC 60079-20-1, Explosive Atmospheres – Part 20-1: Material Characteristics for gas and vapour classification – Test methods and Data, 2010. IEC/TR3 60079-20, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 20: Data for flammable gases and vapours, relating to the use of electrical apparatus, 1996.2.3.6 Other Publications. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, Merriam-Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA, 2003. 2.4 References for Extracts in Recommendations Sections. NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, 2008 edition. NFPA 59A, Standard for the Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), 2006 edition. NFPA 70™, National Electrical Code®, 2011 edition.Committee Statement: 1. The Committee updated the extracted material in conformance with the NFPA Regulations Governing Committee Projects and the NFPA Manual of Style. 2. The Committee updated the editions for the references shown in Chapter 2 in accordance with the NFPA Regulations Governing Committee Projects and the NFPA Manual of Style. The Committee deleted IEC/TR3 60079-20 and added the 2010 edition document, IEC 60079-20-1. Number Eligible to Vote: 18 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 17 Ballot Not Returned: 1 Lapp, B.Comment on Affirmative: WECHSLER, D.: As a Committee generated proposal, the committee action should be an ‘Accept’ and not an ‘Accept in Principle’.

497-3

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle 1. Accept the renumbering of existing Section 4.1.5.4 as Section 4.1.6. Section 4.1.6 4.1.5.4 Factors such as corrosion, weather, maintenance, equipment standardization and interchangeability, and possible process changes or expansion frequently dictate the use of special enclosures or installations for electrical systems. However, such factors are outside the scope of this recommended practice, which is concerned entirely with the proper application of electrical equipment to avoid ignition of combustible materials. 2. Renumber existing Section 4.1.6 as Section 4.1.7. Committee Statement: The Committee agrees with the submitter’s proposal and editorially revises the numbering of existing Section 4.1.6 as Section 4.1.7. Number Eligible to Vote: 18 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 17 Ballot Not Returned: 1 Lapp, B.________________________________________________________________ 497-5 Log #1 Final Action: Accept in Principle(Table 4.4.2 and 4.4.3)________________________________________________________________ Submitter: David B. Wechsler, The Dow Chemical CompanyRecommendation: Update Tables 4.4.2 and 4.4.3 with the physical property data contained in the table for Log #1 (shown on the following pages).

________________________________________________________________ 497-2 Log #CP2 Final Action: Accept(3.3.x Unclassified Locations)________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Electrical Equipment in Chemical Atmospheres, Recommendation: Add new text to read as follows:3.3.x Unclassified Locations. Locations determined to be neither Class I, Division 1; Class I, Division 2; Class I, Zone 0; Class I, Zone 1; Class I, Zone 2; Class II, Division 1; Class II, Division 2; Class III, Division 1; Class III, Division 2; Zone 20; Zone 21; Zone 22; or any combination thereof. [70: 500.2, 2011]Substantiation: The Committee added a definition that was essential to the use of the document. Committee Meeting Action: AcceptNumber Eligible to Vote: 18 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 17 Ballot Not Returned: 1 Lapp, B.________________________________________________________________ 497-3 Log #5 Final Action: Accept in Principle(4.1.5.3)________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Samuel A. Rodgers, Honeywell, Inc.Recommendation: NFPA 497 Proposal 3 Revised 20100526.doc, for proposed text of new Section 4.1.5.3. to go before current Section 4.1.5.3. Add new text to read as follows: 4.1.5.2 Nonincendive equipment is permitted in Division 2 locations.4.1.5.3 Portable electronic equipment meeting the PEP-1 pr PEP-2 requirements of ISA-RP12.12.03 [1] is considered suitable for use in Division 2 and Zone 2 locations. 4.1.5.3 4.1.5.4 Nonsparking electrical equipment and other less restrictive equipment, as specified in the NEC, are permitted in Division 2 locations. [1] ISA-RP12.12.03-2002, Recommended Practice for Portable Electronic Products Suitable for Use in Class I and II, Division 2, Class I, Zone 2 and Class III, Division 1 and 2 Hazardous (Classified) Locations. Substantiation: The current text does not recognize that routinely worn wrist watches and hearing aids, powered by button cells, or cell phones with electronic switching and durable cases, do not constitute an ignition hazard. These pieces of “equipment” are routinely carried through or used in hazardous (classified) areas without incident or recognition of the potential hazard. The hazard results only if the equipment is damaged in a way that allows a short across the battery. The ISA document provides a recognized method to deal with minimizing the hazard. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle 1. Revise submitter’s recommendation for 4.1.5.3* to read and renumber existing 4.1.5.3 as 4.1.5.4 as shown: 4.1.5.3* Portable electronic products (PEP) meeting the requirements for PEP-1 or PEP-2 of ANSI/ISA-RP12.12.03 are considered suitable for use in Division 2 and Zone 2 locations. 4.1.5.4 Nonsparking electrical equipment and other less restrictive equipment, as specified in the NEC, are permitted in Division 2 locations. 2. Add Annex text for proposed A.4.1.5.3 to read:A.4.1.5.3 Portable electronic products are typically battery-powered or photovoltaic-cell-powered apparatus that can be hand-held or that are intended for use while worn on a person’s body. 3. Add the following new reference to Chapter 2 to read: ANSI/ISA-RP12.12.03, Recommended Practice for Portable Electronic Products Suitable for Use in Class I and II, Division 2, Class I, Zone 2 and Class III, Division 1 and 2 Hazardous (Classified) Locations, 2002. Committee Statement: 1. and 2. The Committee revised the submitter’s proposed recommendation for Section 4.1.5.3 for clarification and added “ANSI” ahead of ISA and added new Annex text for A.4.1.5.3 as shown. 3. The Committee directed that the new reference in Section 4.1.5.3 be added to Chapter 2. Number Eligible to Vote: 18 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 17 Ballot Not Returned: 1 Lapp, B.________________________________________________________________ 497-4 Log #7 Final Action: Accept in Principle(4.1.5.4)________________________________________________________________ Submitter: David B. Wechsler, The Dow Chemical CompanyRecommendation: Revise text to read as follows:4.1.64.1.5.4 Factors such as corrosion, weather, maintenance, equipment standardization and interchangeability, and possible process changes or expansion frequently dictate the use of special enclosures or installations for electrical systems. However, such factors are outside the scope of this recommended practice, which is concerned entirely with the proper application of electrical equipment to avoid ignition of combustible materials. Substantiation: The information under Section 4.1.5.4 is not part of the NEC nor does it reflect protection techniques addressed by Chapter 5 of the NEC. Additionally as slated in this paragraph this materials is outside the scope of NFPA 497. Therefore it belongs in a separate section number under that grouped with the NEC.

497-4

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497

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497-11


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497-19


497-20


497-21


497-22


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497-24

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497Substantiation: Additional information is now available to supplement the selected chemical information presented in the current tables. This information should be revised to afford greater use of correct chemical property information for more selected chemicals. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle 1. Replace existing Table 4.4.2 with submitter’s new data table, (with the 18 column version).

CAS. No.Name formula

Relative density(air=1)

Melting point[°C]

Boiling point[°C]

Flash point[°C]

Lower flam. limit

[Vol.-%]

Upper flam. limit[Vol.-%]

Lower flam. limit

[g/m3]

Upper flam. limit

[g/m3]

Auto ign.

temp.[°C]

Mostinc.mix-ture

(Vol.-%)

MESG(mm)

g100–g0

(mm)MICratio

Temp.class.

Class IGroup

ZoneGroup

Methodof class.

50-00-0Formaldehyde(= Methanal)(= Methyl aldehyde)(= Methylene oxide)HCHO

1.03 −92 −6 60 7 73 88 920 424 0.57 T2 C IIB a

51-80-9N,N,N1,N1-Tetramethylmethanediamine(CH3)2NCH2N(CH3)2

3.5 −140 84 <−13 1.61 67 180 1.06 T4 D IIA a

57-14-71.1-Dimethylhydrazine(CH3)2NNH2

2.07 −58 63 −18 2.4 20 60 490 240 0.85 T3 D IIB a

60-29-71.11-Oxybisethane(= Diethyl ether)(= Diethyl oxide)(= Ethyl ether)(= Ethyl oxide)(= Ether)(CH3CH2)2O

2.55 −116 35 −45 1.7 39.2 50 1210 175 3.47 0.87 0.01 0.88 T4 D IIB a

62-53-3Benzenamine(= Aminobenzene)(= Aniline)(= Phenylamine)C6H5NH2

3.22 −6 184 75 1.2 11 47 425 615 T1 IIA d

64-17-5Ethanol(= Alcohol)(= Ethyl alcohol)CH3CH2OH

1.59 −114 78 12 3.1 19 at 60°C

27.7 at 100°C

59 532 at 100°C

400 6.5 0.89 0.02 0.88 T2 D IIB c

64-18-6Formic Acid(= Hydrogen carboxylic acid)(= Methanoic acid)HCOOH

1.6 8 101 42 18 57 190 1049 525 1.86 T1 IIA a

64-19-7Acetic acid(= Ethanoic acid)(= Glacial acetic acid)CH3COOH

2.07 17 118 39 4 19.9 100 428 510 1.76 2.67 T1 D IIA b

64-67-5Sulfuric acid diethyl ester(Diethyl sulphate)(CH3CH2)2SO4

5.31 −25 208 104 360 1.11 T2 IIA a

67-56-1Methanol(= Carbinol)(= Methyl alcohol)CH3OH

1.11 −98 65 9 6 36 at 60°C50 at

100°C

73 665 at 100°C

440 11 0.92 0.03 0.82 T2 D IIA c

67-63-02-Propanol(= Dimethyl carbinol)(= Isopropanol)(= Isopropyl alcohol)(= Propan-2-ol)(CH3)2CHOH

2.07 −88 83 12 2 12.7 50 320 399 1 T2 IIA a

67-64-12-Propanone(= Acetone)(= Dimethyl ketone)(CH3)2CO

2 −95 56 <−20 2.5 14.3 at 100°C

60 345 at 100°C

539 5.9 1.01 1 T1 D IIA c

68-12-2N.N-Dimethyl formamide(= Dimethylformamide)HCON(CH3)2

2.51 −61 153 58 1.8 16 55 500 440 1.08 T2 D IIA d

71-23-81-Propanol(= Propan-1-ol)(= n-Propyl alcohol)CH3CH2CH2OH

2.07 −126 97 15 2.1 17.5 52 353 385 0.89 T2 D IIB a

71-36-31-Butanol(= n-Butyl alcohol)(= n-Butanol)(= Butyl alcohol)(= 1-Hydroxybutane)(= n-Propyl carbinol)CH3(CH2)2CH2OH

2.55 −89 118 35 1.4 12 52 372 343 115 mg/l

0.91 T2 D IIA a

497-25

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 49771-41-01-Pentanol(= n-Amyl alcohol)(= n-Butyl carbinol)(= Pentan-1-ol)(= n-Pentyl alcohol)(= n-Pentanol)CH3(CH2)3CH2OH

3.03 −78 138 42 1.06 10.5 36 385 320 100 mg/l

0.99 T2 D IIA a

71-43-2Benzene(= Phenyl hydride)C6H6

2.7 6 80 −11 1.2 8.6 39 280 498 0.99 1 T1 D IIA c

74-82-8Methane (see Section 5.2.4)CH4

−182 -162 gas 4.4 17 29 113 600 1.12 1 T1 D IIA a

74-82-8Methane (firedamp, see Section 5.2.4)CH4

0.55 gas 4.4 17 29 113 595 8.2 1.14 0.11 T1 D I a

74-84-0EthaneCH3CH3

1.04 −183 −86 gas 2.4 15.5 30 194 515 5.9 0.91 0.02 0.82 T1 D IIA c

74-85-1Ethene(= Ethylene)CH2=CH2

0.97 −169 −104 gas 2.3 36 26 423 440 6.5 0.65 0.02 0.53 T2 C IIB a

74-86-2Ethine(= Acetylene)(= Ethyne)CH≡CH

0.9 gas 2.3 100 24 1092 305 8.5 0.37 0.01 0.28 T2 B IIC c

74-87-3Methyl chloride(= Chloromethane)(= Monochloromethane)CH3CI

1.78 −24 gas 7.6 19 160 410 625 1 T1 D IIA a

74-89-5Methylamine(= Aminomethane)(= Carbinamine)CH3NH2

1 −92 −6 gas 4.2 20.7 55 270 430 1.1 T2 D IIA a

74-90-8Hydrocyanic acid(= Hydrogen cyanide)(= Formic anammonide)(= Hydrocyanic acid)(= Methanenitrile)(= Prussic acid)HCN

0.9 −13 26 <−20 5.4 46 60 520 538 18.4 0.8 0.02 T1 D IIB a

74-93-1Methanethiol(= Mercaptomethane)(= Methyl mercaptan)(= Methyl sulfhydrate)CH3SH

1.6 −126 6 gas 4.1 21 80 420 340 1.15 T2 D IIA a

74-96-4Bromoethane(= Ethyl bromide)= Monobromoethane)CH3CH2Br

3.75 −119 38 6.7 11.3 306 517 511 T1 IIA d

74-98-6Propane(= Dimethyl methane)(= Propyl hydride)CH3CH2CH3

1.56 −188 −42 gas 1.7 10.9 31 200 450 4.2 0.92 0.03 0.82 T2 D IIA c

74-99-7Propyne(= Allylene)(= Methylacetylen)CH3C≡CH

1.38 −103 −23 gas 1.7 16.8 28 280 340 T2 IIB d

75-00-3Chloroethane(= Ethyl chloride)(= Hydrochloric ether)(= Monochloroethane)(= Muriatic ether)CH3CH2CI

2.22 −139 12 gas 3.6 15.4 95 413 510 T1 IIA d

75-01-4Chloroethene(= Vinyl Chloride)(= Chloroethylene)CH2=CHCI

2.15 −160 −14 gas 3.6 33 94 610 415 7.3 0.99 0.04 T2 D IIA a

75-04-7Ethylamine(= Aminoethane)(= Monoethylamine)C2H5NH2

1.5 −92 7 gas 3.5 14 49 260 385 1.2 T2 D IIA a

75-05-8Acetonitrile(= Cyanomethane)(= Ethyl nitrile)(= Methyl cyanide)CH3CN

1.42 −45 82 2 3 16 51 275 523 7.2 1.5 0.05 T1 D IIA a

75-07-0Ethanal(= Acetic aldehyde)(= Acetaldehyde)(= Ethyl aldehyde)CH3CHO

1.52 −123 20 −38 4 60 74 1108 155 0.92 0.98 T4 D IIA a

497-26

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 49775-08-1Ethanethiol(= Ethyl Mercaptan)(= Ethyl sulfhydrate)(= Mercaptoethane)CH3CH2SH

2.11 −148 35 −48 2.8 18 73 468 295 0.9 0.9 T3 D IIA a

75-15-0Carbon DisulfideCS2

2.64 −112 46 -30 0.6 60 19 1900 90 8.5 0.34 0.02 0.39 T6 B IIC c

75-19-4Cyclopropane(= Trimethylene)CH2CH2CH2

1.45 −128 −33 gas 2.4 10.4 42 183 500 0.91 0.84 T1 D IIA a

75-21-8Oxirane(= Ethylene oxide)(= Epoxyethan)CH2CH2O

1.52 −123 20 gas 2.6 100 47 1848 429 ~8 0.59 0.02 0.47 T2 C IIB a

75-28-52-Methylpropane(= iso-Butane)(CH3)2CHCH3

2 −159 −12 gas 1.3 9.8 31 236 460 0.95 T1 D IIA a

75-29-62-Chloropropane(CH3)2CHCI

2.7 −117 35 <−20 2.8 10.7 92 350 590 1.32 T1 D IIA a

75-31-02-Propaneamine(= iso-Propylamine)(= 2-Aminopropane)(= 1-methylethylamine)(CH3)2CHNH2

2.03 −101 32 <−24 2.3 8.6 55 208 340 1.05 T2 D IIA a

75-34-31.1-Dichloroethane(= Asymmetrical dichloroethane)(= Ethylidene chloride)(= 1,1-Ethylidene dichloride)CH3CHCI2

3.42 −98 57 −10 5.6 16 230 660 439 1.82 T2 D IIA a

75-35-41.1-Dichloroethene(= Vinylidene Chloride)CH2=CCI2

3.4 −122 32 v18 6.5 16 260 645 530 10.5 3.91 0.08 T1 D IIA a

75-36-5Acetyl chlorideCH3COCI

2.7 −112 51 −4 5 19 157 620 390 T2 IIA d

75-38-71.1-Difluoroethene(= Vinylidene fluoride)(= Vinylidene difluoride)CH2=CF2

2.21 −144 -86 gas 3.9 25.1 102 665 380 1.1 T2 D IIA a

75-50-3Trimethylamine(CH3)3N

2.04 −117 3 gas 2 12 50 297 190 1.05 T4 D IIA a

75-52-5Nitromethane(= Nitrocarbol)CH3NO2

2.11 −29 101 35 7.3 63 187 1613 414 1.17 0.92 T2 D IIA a

75-56-92-Methyloxirane(= 1.2-Epoxypropane)(= Propylene oxide)CH3CHCH2O

2 −112 34 −37 1.9 37 49 901 430 4.55 0.7 0.03 T2 C IIB c

75-83-22.2-Dimethylbutane(= Neohexan)(CH3)3CCH2CH3

2.97 −100 50 -48 1 7 36 260 405 T2 IIA d

75-85-42-Methylbutan-2-olCH3CH2C(OH)(CH3)2

3.03 −8 102 18 1.4 10.2 50 374 392 1.1 T2 D IIA a

75-86-52-Hydroxy-2methyl-propionitrile(= Cyanohydrin-2-propanone)(= 2-Cyano-2-propanol)(= alpha-Hydroxyisobutyronitrile)(= Acetone cyanohydrin)(= 2-Methyllactonitrile)CH3C(OH)CNCH3

2.9 v20 82 74 2.2 12 543 T1

75-89-82.2.2-Trifluoroethanol(= 2.2.2-Trifluroethyl alcohol)CF3CH2OH

3.45 −44 77 30 8.4 23.8 350 1185 463 3 T1 D IIA a

76-37-92.2.3.3-Tetrafluoropropan-1-olHCF2CF2CH2OH

4.55 −15 109 43 437 1.9 T2 D IIA a

77-73-63a.4.7.7a-Tetrahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indene(= Dicyclopentadiene)(= Cyclopentadiene dimer)C10H12

4.55 33 172 36 0.8 43 455 0.91 T1 D IIA a

77-78-1Sulfuric acid dimethyl ester(= Dimethyl sulfate)(CH3O)2SO2

4.34 −32 188 83 449 1 T2 D IIA a

78-10-4Tetraethoxy Silane(= Silicic acid tetraethyl ester)(= Tetraethyl silicate)(= Silicon tetraethoxide)(C2H5)4Si

7.18 −83 169 38 0.45 7.2 174 T4

497-27

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 49778-78-42-Methylbutane(= Ethyl dimethyl methane)(= isopentane)(CH3)2CHCH2CH3

2.5 −160 28 −56 1.3 8.3 38 242 420 0.98 T2 D IIA a

78-80-82-Methyl-1-buten-3-yneHC≡CC(CH3)CH2

2.28 −113 32 −54 1.4 38 272 0.78 T3 C IIB a

78-81-92-Methylpropan-1-amine(= iso-Butylamine)(CH3)2CHCH2NH2

2.52 −85 66 −20 1.47 14 at 100°C

44 330 374 1.15 T2 D IIA a

78-83-12-Methyl-1-propanol(= iso-Butanol)(= iso-Propylcarbinol)(= iso-Butyl alcohol)(CH3)2CHCH2OH

2.55 −108 108 28 1.4 11 43 340 408 105 mg/l

0.96 T2 D IIA a

78-84-22-Methyl-1-propanal(= iso-Butanal)(= iso-Butyraldehyde)(CH3)2CHCHO

2.48 −65 64 −22 1.6 11 47 320 165 0.92 T4 D IIA a

78-86-42-Chlorobutane(= sec-Butyl chloride)CH3CHCICH2CH3

3.19 −140 68 −21 2 8.8 77 339 415 1.16 T2 D IIA a

78-87-51.2-Dichloropropane(= Propylene dichloride)CH3CHCICH2CI

3.9 −80 96 15 3.4 14.5 160 682 557 T1 IIA d

78-92-22-Butanol(= sec-Butyl alcohol)(= Butylene hydrate)(= 2-Hydroxybutane)(= Methyl ethyl carbinol)CH3CHOHCH2CH3

2.55 −89 99 24 1.7 9.8 406 T2 IIA d

78-93-32-Butanone(= Ethyl methyl ketone)(= Methyl acetone)(= Methyl ethyl ketone)CH3CH2COCH3

2.48 −86 80 −10 1.5 13.4 45 402 404 4.8 0.84 0.02 0.92 T2 D IIB a

79-09-4Propionic acid(= Carboxyethane)(= Ethanecarboxylic acid)(= Methyl acetic acid)CH3CH2COOH

2.55 −21 141 53 2.1 12.1 64 370 485 1.1 T1 D IIA a

79-10-72-Propenoic acid(= Acroleic acid)(=Ethylenecarboxylic acid)(= Glacial acrylic acid)(= Acrytic acid)CH2=CHCOOH

2.48 13 141 55 2.4 8 72 406 0.86 T2 D IIB a

79-20-9Acetic acid methyl ester(= Methyl acetate)(= Ethanoic acid methyl ester)(= Methyl ethanoate)CH3COOCH3

2.56 −99 57 −10 3.1 16 95 475 505 208 mg/l

0.97 1.08 T1 D IIA

79-22-1Carbonochloridic acid methyl ester(= Methyl chloroformate)(= Methoxycarbonly chloride)CH3OOCCI

3.30 −61 72 10 7.5 26 293 1020 475 1.2 T1 D IIA a

79-24-3NitroethaneCH3CH2NO2

2.58 −90 114 27 3.4 107 412 0.87 T2 D IIB d

79-29-82.3-Dimethylbutane(= Diisopropyl(CH3)2CH(CH3)CH2CH3

2.97 −129 58 <−20 1 36 396 T2 IIA d

79-31-22-Methylpropanoc acid(= iso-Butyric acid)(= Dimethylacetic acid)(CH3)2CHCOOH

3.03 −46 155 58 2 10 443 1.02 T2 D IIA a

79-38-9Chlorotrifluoroethene(= Chlorotrifluoroethylene)CF2=CFCI

4.01 −157 −28 gas 4.6 64.3 220 3117 607 1.5 T1 D IIA a

80-62-62-Methyl-2-propenoic acidmethyl ester(= Methyl methacrylate)(= Methacrylate monomer)(= Methyl ester of methacrylic acid)(= Methyl-2-methyl-2-propenoate)CH3=CCH3COOCH3

3.45 −48 101 10 1.7 12.5 71 520 430 0.95 T2 D IIA a

91-20-3Naphthalene(= Tar camphor)(= White tar)C10H8

4.42 80 218 77 0.6 at 150°C

5.9 29 at 150°C

317 540 T1 IIA d

95-47-61.2-Dimethyl benzene(= o-Xylene)(= o-Xyol)C6H4(CH3)2

3.66 −25 144 30 1 7.6 43 335 470 1.09 T1 D IIA a

497-28

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 49795-92-1Ethanedioic acid diethyl ester(= Diethyl Oxalate)(= Oxalic acid diethyl ester)(COOCH2CH3)2

5.04 −41 185 76 0.9 D IIA a

96-22-0Pentan-3-one(= Diethyl ketone)(= Metacetone)(= Propione)(CH3CH2)2CO

3 −41 102 7 1.6 58 445 0.9 T2 D IIA a

96-33-3Propenoic acid methyl ester(= Acrylic acid methyl ester)(= Methoxycarbonyl ethylene)(= Methyl propenoate)(= Methyl Acrylate)Ch2=CHCOOCH3

3 −75 30 −3 1.95 16.3 71 581 455 5.6 0.85 0.02 0.98 T1 D IIB a

96-37-7MethylcyclopentaneCH3CH(CH2) CH2

2.9 −142 72 <−10 1 8.4 35 296 258 T3 IIA d

97-62-12-Methylpropanoic acid ethyl ester(= Ethyl isobutyrate)(= Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate)(CH3)2CHCOOC2H5

4 −88 110 10 1.6 75 438 0.96 T2 D IIA a

97-63-22-Methyl-prop-2-enoic acid ethyl ester(= Methacrylic acid ethyl ester)(= Ethyl methacrylate)CH2=CCH3COOCH2CH3

4.93 −81 147 34 0.8 47 1.01 D IIA a

97-85-82-Methylpropanoic acid 2-methyl-propyl ester(= iso-Butyl isobutyrate)(CH3)2CHCOOCH2CH(CH3)2

3.9 −75 117 19 1.5 70 424 1 T2 D IIA a

97-88-12-Methyl-2-propenoic acid butyl ester(= Butyl methacrylate)(= Butyl-2-methylprop-2-enoate)CH2=C(CH3)COO(CH2)3CH3

4.9 163 53 1 6.8 58 395 289 0.95 T3 D IIA a

97-95-02-Ethyl-1-butanol(= Isohexyl alcohol)CH3CH(CH2CH3)CH2CH2OH

3.52 −52 149 57 1.2 8.3 315 T2

97-99-4Tetrahydro-2-furan methanol)(= Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol)(= Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl-methanol)(= Tetrahydro-2-furan carbinol)(= 2-Hydroxymethyl oxolane)OCH2CH2CH2CHCH2OH

3.52 178 70 1.5 9.7 64 416 280 0.85 T3 D IIB d

98-00-02-Furylmethanol(= Furfuryl Alcohol)(= 2-Hydroxymethylfuran)OC(CH2OH)CHCHCH

3.38 −31 171 61 1.8 16.3 70 670 370 0.8 T2 D IIB a

98-01-12-Furancarbox aldehyde(= Fural)(= Furfural)(= 2-Furaldehyde)OCH=CHCH=CHCHO

3.3 −33 162 60 2.1 19.3 85 768 316 0.88 T2 D IIB a

98-82-8(1-Methylethyl) benzene(= Cumene)(= Isopropyl benzene)(= 2-Phenyl propane)C6H5CH (CH3)2

4.13 −96 152 31 0.8 6.5 40 328 424 1.05 T2 D IIA d

98-83-9α-Methyl styrene(= Isopropenyl benzene)(= 1-Methyl-1-phenylethylene)(= 2-Phenyl propylene)C6H5C(CH3)=CH2

4.08 −23 166 40 0.8 11 44 330 445 0.88 T2 D IIB a

98-95-3Nitrobenzene(=Nitrobenzol)(=Oil of mirbane)C6H5NO2

4.25 6 211 88 1.4 40 72 2067 481 0.94 T1 D IIA a

99-87-61-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)benzene(= p-Cymene)(= -isopropyltoluene)CH3C6H4CH (CH3)2

4.62 −68 177 47 0.7 5.6 39 366 436 T2 IIA d

100-37-82-Diethylaminoethanol(= Diethylaminoethanol)(= 2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol)(= N,N-Diethylethanol amine)(= Diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine)(= 2-Hydroxytriethlamine)(C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH

4 −70 162 60 320 T2 IIA d

100-40-34-Ethenylcyclohexene(= Vinyl cyclohexene)(CH2=CH)CH(CH2)4CH2

3.72 −109 128 15 0.8 35 257 0.96 T3 D IIA a

100-41-4Ethylbenzene(= α-Methyltoluene)(= Phenylethane)C6H5CH2CH3

3.66 −95 136 15 0.8 7.8 44 340 431 T2 IIA d

497-29

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497100-42-5Ethenylbenzene(= Styrene)(= Vinylbenzene)(= Phenylethylene)(= Styrol)C6H5CH=CH2

3.6 −31 145 30 1 8 42 350 490 1.21 T1 IIA b

100-43-64-Vinylpyridine(= 4-Ethenylpyridine)(= γ-Vinylpyridine)NCHCHC(CH2=CH)CHCH

3.62 171 43 1.1 47 501 0.95 T1 D IIA a

100-44-7(Chloromethyl)benzene(= Benzyl chloride)(= α-Chlorotoluene)(= Tolyl Chloride)C6H5CH2CI

4.36 −39 179 60 1.1 55 585 T1 IIA d

100-52-7BenzaldehydeC6H5CHO

3.66 −26 179 64 1.4 62 192 T4 IIA d

100-69-62-Vinylpyridine(= 2-Ethenylpyridine)(=α-Vinylpyridine)NC(CH2=CH)CHCHCHCH

3.62 −50 159 35 1.2 51 482 0.96 T1 D IIA a

102-71-6Triethanolamine

179 316 C* iiB

103-09-3Acetic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester(= 2-Ethylhexyl acetate)CH3COOCH2CH(C2H5)C4H9

5.94 −93 199 44 0.8 8.1 53 439 335 0.88 T2 D IIB a

103-11-7Prop-2-enoic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester(= 2-Ethylhexyl 2-propenoate)(= 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate)CH2=CHCOO(CH2)4CH3

6.36 −90 214 82 0.7 8.2 252 T3

104-76-72-Ethyl-1-hexanolCH3(CH2)3CH(CH2CH3)CH2OH

4.5 −76 182 73 0.9 9.7 288 T3

105-45-33-Oxo-butanoic acid methyl ester(= Acetoacetic acid methyl ester)(= 1-Methoxybutane-1,3-dione)(= Methyl acetoacetate)CH3COOCH2COCH3

4 −80 170 62 1.3 14.2 62 685 280 0.85 T3 D IIB a

105-46-4Acetic acid 1-methylpropyl ester(= sec-Butyl acetate)(= sec-Butyl ester of acetic acid)(= 1-Methylpropyl acetate)CH3COOCH(CH3)CH2CH3

4 −99 112 −18 1.3 7.5 422 T2

105-48-6Chloroacetic acid-1-methylethyl ester(= iso-Propyl chloroacetate)(= Propan-2-yl 2-chloroacetate)CICH2COOCH(CH3)2

4.71 151 42 1.6 89 426 1.24 T2 D IIA a

105-54-4Butanoic acid ethyl ester(= Ethyl butanoate)(= Ethyl butyrate)(= Butyric acid ethyl ester)CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH3

4 −93 121 21 1.4 66 435 0.92 T2 D IIA a

105-58-8Carbonic acid diethyl ester(= Diethyl carbonate)(CH3CH2O)2CO

4.07 −43 126 24 1.4 11.7 69 570 450 0.83 T2 D IIB a

105-59-9Methyl diethanolamine

1.4 128 305 D* IIA

106-35-43-Heptanone(= Ethyl butyl ketone)CH3CH2CO(CH2)3CH3

3.94 −38 298 37 1.1 7.3 410 T2

106-42-31.4-Dimethyl benzene(= p-Xylene)(= p-Xyol)C6H4(CH3)2

3.66 13 138 25 0.9 7.6 42 335 535 1.09 T1 D* IIA a

106-46-71.4-Dichlorobenzene(= Dichlorocide)C6H4CI2

5.07 53 174 66 2.2 9.2 134 564 648 T1 IIA d

106-58-11.4-DimethylpiperazineNH(CH3)CH2CH2NH(CH3)CH2CH2

3.93 −1 131 21.5 1 47 199 1 T4 D* IIA a

106-89-8(Chloromethyl) oxirane(= Epichlorohydrin)(= 1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane)(= 2-Chloropropylene oxide)OCH2 CHCH2CI

3.19 −48 116 28 2.3 34.4 86 1325 385 0.74 T2 C IIB a

106-92-3[(2-Propenyloxy) methyl] oxirane(= Allyl 2,3-epoxypropylether)(= 1-(Allyloxy)-2,3-epoxypropan)(= Glycidyl allyl ether)(= Allyl glycidyl ether)CH2=CH-CH2-O-CHCH2CH2O

3.94 −100 154 45 249 0.7 T3 C IIB a

497-30

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497106-96-73-Bromo-1-Propine(= Bromo propyne)CH3CH≡CBr

4.10 −61 89 10 3 324 T2

106-97-8n-Butane(= Butyl hydride)(= Diethyl)(= Methylethylmethane)CH3(CH2)2CH2

2.05 −138 −1 gas 1.4 9.3 33 225 372 3.2 0.98 0.02 0.94 T2 D IIA c

106-98-91-Butene(= n-Butylene)(= Ethylethylene)CH2=CHCH2CH3

1.93 −185 −6 gas 1.6 10 38 235 345 0.94 T2 D IIA a

106-99-01.3-Butadiene(= Biethylene)(= Bivinyl)(= Divinyl)(= Erythrene)(= Vinylethylene)CH2=CHCH=CH2

1.87 −109 −5 gas 1.4 16.3 31 365 420 3.9 0.79 0.02 0.76 T2 C IIB c

107-00-61-Butine(= Ethylacetylene)CH3CH2C≡CH

1.86 −125 8 gas 0.71 C IIB a

107-02-82-Propenal (inhibited)(= Acraldehyde)(= Acrylaldehyde)(= Acrylic aldehyde)(= Allyl aldehyde)(= Propenal)(= Acrolein)(CH2=CHCHO

1.93 −88 52 −18 2.8 31.8 65 728 217 0.72 T3 C IIB a

107-05-13-Chloro-1-propene(= Allyl chloride)(= 1-Chloro-2-propene)(= 3-Chloropropylene)CH2=CHCH2CI

2.64 −136 45 −32 2.9 11.2 92 357 390 1.17 1.33 T2 D IIA a

107-06-21.2-Dichloroethane(= Ethylene chloride)(= Ethylene dichloride)CH2CICH2CI

3.42 −36 84 13 6.2 16 255 654 438 9.5 1.8 0.05 T2 D IIA a

107-07-3Ethylene chlorohydrins(= 2-Chloroethanol)(= 2-Chloroethyl alcohol)CH2CICH2OH

2.78 −68 128 55 4.9 16 160 540 425 T2 IIA d

107-10-81-Propaneamine(= 1-Aminopropane)CH3(CH2)2NH2

2.04 −83 49 −37 2 10.4 49 258 318 1.13 T2 D IIA d

107-13-12-Propenenitrile(= Acrylonitrile)(= Cyanoethylene)(= Propenenitrile)(= Acrylonitrile)(= Vinyl cyanide, VCN)CH2=CHCN

1.83 −82 77 −5 2.8 28 64 620 480 7.1 0.87 0.02 0.78 T1 D IIB c

107-15-31.2-Ethanediamine(= Ethylenediamine)(= Dimethylenediamine)NH2CH2CH2NH2

2.07 8 116 33 2.5 16.5 64 396 385 1.18 T2 D IIA a

107-18-62-Propen-1-ol(= Allylic alcohol)(= Propenol)(= Allyl alcohol)(= Vinyl carbinol)CH2=CHCH2OH

2 −129 97 21 2.5 18 61 438 378 0.84 T2 D IIB a

107-19-72-Propine-1-ol(= Prop-2-yn-1-ol)(= Propargyl alcohol)HC≡CCH2OH

1.89 −48 115 33 2.4 55 346 0.58 T2 C IIB a

107-20-0Chloroacetaldehyde(= 2-Chloroethanal)CICH2CHO

2.69 88 (aquous solution

40%)

5.7 18.4

107-30-2Chloromethoxymethane(= Chloromethyl methyl ether)(= Chlorodimethyl ether)(= Chloromethoxy methane)(= Dimethylchloroether)(= Methylchloromethyl ether)CH3OCH2CI

2.78 −104 59 −8 1 D IIA a

107-31-3Fomic acid methyl ester(= Methyl fomate)(= Methyl methanoate)HCOOCH3

2.07 −100 32 -20 5 23 125 580 525 0.94 T2 D IIA a

108-01-02-(Dimethylamino)ethanol(CH3)2NC2H4OH

3.03 −40 131 39 220 T3 IIA d

497-31

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497108-03-21-NitropropaneCH3CH2CH2NO2

3.10 −108 132 35 2.2 82 420 0.84 T2 D IIB a

108-05-4Acetic acid ethenyl ester(= Vinyl acetate)(= 1-Acetoxyethylene)CH3COOCH=CH2

3 −100 72 −7 2.6 13.4 93 478 385 4.75 0.94 0.02 T2 D IIA a

108-10-14-Methylpentan-2-one(= Hexone)(= Isopropylacetone)(= Methyl isobutyl ketone)(CH3)2CHCH2COCH3

3.45 −80 116 16 1.2 8 50 336 475 1.01 T1 D IIA a

108-11-24-Methylpentan-2-ol(= Isobutylmethylcarbinol)(= Methyl amyl alcohol)(= Methyl isobutyl carbinol)(CH3)2CHCH2CHOHCH3

3.5 −60 133 37 1.14 5.5 47 235 334 1.01 T2 D IIA a

108-18-9n-(1-Methylethyl)-2-propanamine(= Diisopropylamine)((CH3)2CH)2NH

3.48 −61 82 −20 1.2 8.5 49 358 285 1.02 T3 D IIA a

108-20-32.21-Oxybispropane(= Diisopropyl ether)(= 2-Isopropoxy propane)((CH3)2CH)2O

3.52 −86 69 −28 1 21 45 900 405 2.6 0.94 0.06 T2 D IIA a

108-21-4Acetic acid-1-methylethyl ester(= iso-propyl acetate)(= iso-propyl ester of acetic acid)(= 1-Methylethyl ester of acetic acid)(= 2-Propyl acetate)CH3COOCH(CH3)2

3.51 −17 90 1 1.7 8.1 75 340 425 1.05 T2 D IIA a

108-24-7Acetic anhydride(= Acetic acid anhydride)(= Acetic oxide)(= Acetyl oxide)(= Ethanoic anhydride)(CH3CO)2O

3.52 −73 140 49 2 10.3 85 428 316 1.23 T2 D IIA a

108-38-31.3-Dimethylbenzene(= m-Xylene)(= m-Xylol)C6H4(CH3)2

3.66 −48 139 25 1 7 310 465 1.09 T1 D IIA d

108-62-32.4.6.8-Tetramethyl-1.3.5.7-tetraoxocane(= Metaldehyde)(C2H4O)4

6.1 246 36 IIA d

108-67-81.3.5-Trimethylbenzene(= Mesitylene)CHC(CH3)CHC(CH3)CHC(CH3)

4.15 −45 165 44 0.8 7.3 40 365 499 0.98 T1 D IIA a

108-82-72.6-Dimethylheptan-4-ol(= Diisobutylcarbinol)((CH3)2CHCH2)2CHOH

4.97 −65 176 75 0.7 6.1 42 370 290 0.93 T3 D IIA a

108-87-2Methylcyclohexane(= Hexahydrodoluene)CH3CH(CH2)4CH2

3.38 −127 101 −4 1 6.7 41 275 250 T3 IIA d

108-88-3Methyl benzene(= Toluene)(= Methyl benzol)(= Phenyl methane)C6H5CH3

3.2 −95 111 4 1 7.8 39 300 530 1.06 T1 D IIA d

108-89-44-Methylpyridine(= γ-Picoline)NCHCHC(CH3)CHCH2

3.21 3 145 43 1.1 7.8 42 296 534 1.12 T1 D IIA a

108-90-7Chlorobenzene(= Phenyl chloride)(= Monochlorobenzene)C6H5CI

3.88 −45 132 28 1.3 11 60 520 593 T1 IIA d

108-91-8Cyclohexylamine(= Aminocyclohexane)(= Aminohexadydro-benzene)(= Hexahydroaniline)(= Hexahydro-benzenamine)CH2 (CH2)4CHNH2

3.42 −18 134 27 1.1 9.4 47 275 T3 IIA d

108-93-0Cyclohexanol(= Cyclohexyl alcohol)(= Hexahydrophenol)(= Hexalin)CH2 (CH2)4CHOH

3.45 24 161 61 1.2 11.1 50 460 300 T3 IIA d

108-94-1Cyclohexanone(= Anone)(= Cyclohexyl ketone)(= Pimelic ketone)CH2 (CH2)4CO

3.38 −26 156 43 1.3 9.4 53 386 419 3 0.95 0.03 T2 D IIA a

497-32

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497108-95-2Phenol(= Carbolic acid)(= Hydroxybenzene)(= Monohydroxybenzene)(=Monophenol)(= Oxybenzene)C6H5OH

3.24 41 182 75 1.3 9.5 50 370 595 T1 IIA d

108-99-63-Methylpyridine(= β-Picoline)NCHC(CH3)CHCHCH

3.21 −18 144 43 1.4 8.1 53 308 537 1.14 T1 D IIA a

109-06-82-Methylpyridine(= α-Picoline)NC(CH3)CHCHCHCH

3.21 −70 128 27 1.2 45 533 1.08 T1 D IIA a

109-55-7N.N-Dimethylpropane-1.3-diamine(= 3-Dimethylamino-propylamine)(= 1-Amino-3-dimethyl-aminopropane)(CH3)2N(CH2)3NH2

3.52 −70 134 26 1.2 50 219 0.95 T3 D IIA a

109-60-4Acetic acid n-propyl ester(= n-Propyl acetate)(= 1-Acetoxypropane)(= n-propyl ester acetic acid)CH3COOCH2CH2CH3

3.5 −92 102 10 1.7 8 70 343 430 135 mg/l

1.04 T2 D IIA a

109-65-91-Bromobutane(= n-Butyl bromide)CH3(CH2)2 CH2Br

4.72 −112 102 13 2.5 6.6 66 143 265 T3 IIA d

109-66-0n-PentaneCH3(CH2)3CH3

2.48 −130 36 −40 1.1 8.7 33 260 243 2.55 0.93 0.02 0.97 T3 D IIA c

109-69-31-Chlorobutane(= n-Butyl chloride)(= n-Propylcarbinylchloride)CH3(CH2)2CH2CI

3.2 −123 78 −12 1.8 10 69 386 245 1.06 T3 D IIA a

109-73-91-Aminobutane(= n-Butylamine)CH3(CH2)3NH2

2.52 −50 78 −12 1.7 9.8 49 286 312 0.92 1.13 T2 D IIA c

109-79-51-Butanethiol(= Butanethiol)(= n-Butyl mercaptan)(= n-Butanethiol)(= 1-Mercaptobutane)CH3(CH2)3SH

3.1 −116 98 2 1.4 11.3 272 T3

109-86-42-Methoxyethanol(= Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether)CH3OCH2CH2OH

2.63 −86 104 39 1.8 20.6 76 650 285 0.85 T3 D IIB a

109-87-5Dimethoxymethane(= Methylal)(= Dimethyl acetal methanal)(= Dimethyl acetal formaldehyde)(= Dimethyl formal)(= 2,4-Dioxapentane)CH2(OCH3)2

2.6 −105 43 −21 2.2 19.9 71 630 235 0.86 T3 D IIB a

109-89-7n-Ethylethanamine(= Diethamine)(= Diethalamine)(C2H5)2NH

2.53 −50 56 −23 1.7 10.1 50 306 312 1.15 T2 D IIA a

109-94-4Fomic acid ethyl ester(= Ethyl methanoate)(= Ethyl fomate)HCOOCH2CH3

2.55 −80 54 −20 2.7 16.5 87 497 440 0.91 T2 D IIA a

109-95-5 or (8013-58-9)comment: both are validNitrous acid ethyl ester(= Ethyl nitrite; see Section 5.2.2)CH3CH2ONO

2.6 17 −35 3 50 94 1555 95 270 mg/l

0.96 T6 D IIA a

109-99-9Tetrahydrofuran(= 1.4-Epoxybutane)(= Oxolane)(= Oxacyclopentane)(= Tetramethylene oxide)CH2(CH2)2CH2O

2.49 −108 64 −14 1.5 12.4 46 370 230 0.87 T3 D IIB a

110-00-9Furan(= Divinylene oxide)(= Furfuran)(= Tetrole)(= Oxole)(= Oxacyclopentadiene)CH=CHCH=CHO

2.3 −86 32 <−20 2.3 14.3 66 408 390 0.68 T2 C IIB a

110-01-0Tetrahydrothiopene(= Tetramethylene sulphide)(= Thiolane)(= Thiophane)(= Thiocyclopentane)CH2(CH2)2CH2S

3.04 −96 121 13 1.1 12.3 42 450 200 0.99 T4 D IIA a

497-33

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497110-02-1Thiophene(= Divinylene sulphide)(= Thiacyclopentadiene)(= Thiofuran)CH=CHCH=CHS

2.9 −36 84 −9 1.5 12.5 50 435 395 0.91 T2 D IIA a

110-05-4bis(1.1-Dimethyethyl) peroxide(= tert-Dibutyl peroxide)(CH3)3COOC(CH3)3

5 −40 110 4 0.74 100 45 170 0.84 T4 D IIB a

110-43-0Heptan-2-one(= 1-Methylhexanal)(= 2-Oxoheptane)(= Amyl methyl ketone)(= Butylacetone)CH3CO(CH2)4CH3

3.94 −35 151 39 1.1 7.9 52 378 305 T2 IIA d

110-54-3(n-Hexane)Hexane (mixed isomers)(= Hexyl hydride)CH3(CH2)4CH3

2.97 −22 1 8.9 35 319 225 2.5 0.93 0.02 0.88 T3 D IIA c

110-62-31-Pentanal(= Amyl aldehyde)(= Butyl formal)(= Valeraldehyde)CH3(CH2)3CHO

2.97 −92 103 6 1.4 9.5 50 206 T3

110-71-41.2-Dimethoxyethane(= Monoglyme)(= Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether)(= Dimethylglycol)(= 2,5-Dioxahexane)CH3O(CH2)2OCH3

3.1 −58 84 −6 1.6 10.4 60 390 197 0.72 T4 C IIB a

110-80-52-Ethoxyethanol(= Ethane-1,2-diol ethyl ether)(= Ethyl cellosolve)(= 3-Oxapentan-1-ol)(= Ethylene glycol ethyl ether)(= Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether)CH3CH2OCH2CH2OH

3.1 −100 135 40 1.7 15.7 68 593 235 0.78 T3 C IIB a

110-82-7Cyclohexane(= Hexahydrobenzene)(= Hexamethylene)(= Hexanaphthene)Ch2(CH2)4CH2

2.83 7 81 −17 1 8 35 290 244 90 mg/l 0.94 T3 D IIA a

110-83-8Cyclohexene(= Benzene tetrahydride)(= Tetrahydrobenzene)CH2(CH2)3CH=CH

2.9 −104 83 −17 1.1 8.3 37 244 0.94 0.97 T3 D IIA d

110-85-0Piperazine

82 320 IIB

110-86-1Pyridine(= Azine)(= Azabenzene)C5H5N

2.73 −42 116 18 1.7 12.4 56 398 482 T1 IIA d

110-88-31.3.5-Trioxane(= Trioxymethylene)OCH2OCH2OCH2

3.11 62 115 45 3.2 29 121 1096 410 0.75 T2 C IIB b

110-91-8Morpholine(= Diethylene imidoxide)(= Diethylene oximide)(= Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine)OCH2CH2NHCH2CH2

3 −5 129 33 1.4 15.2 65 550 275 0.92 T3 D IIA a

110-96-32-Methyl-n-(2-methylpropyl)-1-propanamine(= Diisobutylamine)((CH3)2CHCH2)2NH

4.45 −70 139 26 0.8 3.6 42 190 256 1.12 T3 D IIA d

111-15-9Acetic acid 2-ethoxy-ethyl ester(= 2-Ethoxyethyl acetate)(= Ethylene glycol monoethyletheracetate)(= Glycol monoethyl ether acetate)CH3COOCH2CH2OCH2CH3

4.56 −62 156 51 1.2 12.7 68 642 380 0.97 0.53 T2 D IIA a

111-27-31-Hexanol(= Amylcarbinol)(= Hexyl alcohol)(= 1-Hydroxyhexane)(= Pentylcarbinol)CH3(CH2)4CH3

3.5 −45 157 60 1.1 11.8 47 502 280 3 0.85 0.06 T3 D IIB a

111-40-0Diethylenetriamine

99 357 C* IIB

111-42-2Diethanolamine (DEA)

174 662 C* IIB

111-43-31.11-Oxybispropane(= Dipropylether)(= 1-propoxy-propane)CH3(CH2)2O

3.53 −122 90 <−5 1.18 50 175 T4 IIB a

497-34

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497111-49-9Hexahydro-1H-acepine(= Azepane)CH2 (CH2)5NH

3.41 −37 135 to 137

23 279 1 T3 D IIA a

111-65-9n-OctaneCH3(CH2)6CH3

3.93 −57 126 13 0.8 6.5 38 311 206 1.94 0.94 0.02 T3 D IIA a

111-69-3Hexanedinitrile(= 1.4-Dicyanobutane)(= Adiponitrile)(= Tetramethylene cyanide)NC(CH2)4CN

1 2 295 93 1.7 5 550 T1

111-70-6Heptan-1-ol(= hexylcarbinol)(= heptyl alcohol)(= enanthic alcohol)(= 1-hydroxyheptane)CH3(CH2)5CH2OH

4.03 −34 175 60 0.9 43 275 0.94 T3 D IIA a

111-76-22-Butoxyethanol(= Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether)(= Butyl cellosolve)(= Butylglykol)CH3(CH2)3OCH2OH

4.1 −75 171 61 1.1 12.7 238 T3

111-84-2Nonane(= Nonyl hydride)CH3(CH2)7CH2

4.43 −51 151 30 0.7 5.6 37 301 205 T3 IIA d

111-87-51-Octanol(= Caprylic alcohol)(= Heptyl carbinol)(= 1-Hydroxyoctane)(=n-Octyl alcohol)CH3(CH2)6CH2OH

4.5 −60 195 81 −0.9 7 49 385 270 1.05 T3 D IIA d

111-90-02- (2-Ethoxyethoxy) ethanol(= Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether)(= 3,6-Dioxaoctan-1-ol)CH3CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH

4.62 −80 to −76 202 94 1.3 73 190 0.94 T4 D IIA a

112-07-22-Butoxyethanol acetate(= Ethylene glycol monobutyletheracetate)C4H9O(CH2)2OCOCH3

5.52 64 192 71 0.9 8.9 340 T2

112-30-11-Decanol(= Decyl alcohol)CH3(CH2)9OH

5.3 7 230 82 0.7 5.5 288 T3

112-34-52-(2-Butoxyethoxy) ethanol(= Butyldiglykol)(= Diglycol monobutyl ether)CH3(CH2)3OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH

5.59 −68 231 >100 0.85 58 225 1.11 T3 D IIA a

112-41-41-DodeceneCH3(CH2)9CH=CH2

5.8 −32 213 77 0.6 42 225 T3

112-58-31.11-Oxybishexane(= Dihexyl Ether)(CH3(CH2)5)2O

6.43 −43 227 75 187 T4 IIA d

115-07-1Propene(= Methylethylene)(= Propylene)CH2=CHCH3

1.5 −185 −48 gas 2 11.1 35 194 455 4.8 0.91 0.02 T1 D IIA a

115-10-6Oxybismethane(= Methyl ether)(= Dimethylether)(= Wood ether)(= Methoxymethane)(CH3)2O

1.59 −142 −25 gas 2.7 32 51 610 240 7 0.84 0.06 T3 D IIB a

115-11-72-Methylprop-1-ene(= 1.1-Dimethylethylene)(= Isobutylene)(= Isobutene)(= 2-Methylpropene)(CH3)2C=CH2

1.93 −140 −7 gas 1.6 10 37 235 483 1 T1 D IIA a

116-14-3TetrafluoroethyleneCF2=CF2

3.4 −143 −76 gas 10 59 420 2245 255 0.6 T3 C IIB a

121-44-8N.N-Diethylethanamine(= Triethylamine)(CH3CH2)3N

3.5 −115 89 −8 1.2 8 51 339 215 T3 IIA d

121-69-7N.N-Dimethylbenzeneamine(= N.N-Dimethylaniline)C6H3(CH3)2NH2

4.17 2 194 62 1.2 7 60 350 370 T2

123-05-72-Ethylhexanal(= 2-Ethylhexaldehyde)CH3CH(CH2CH3)(CH2)3CHO

4.4 −50 163 42 0.9 7.2 185 T4

497-35

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497123-38-61-Propanal(= Propionic aldehyde)CH3CH2CHO

2 −81 49 <−26 2 47 188 0.86 T4 D IIB a

123-42-24-Hydroxy-4-methylpenta-2-one(= Diacetone alcohol)(= 2-Methyl-2-pentanol-4-one)CH3COCH2C(CH3)2OH

4 −47 166 58 1.8 6.9 88 336 680 T1 IIA d

123-51-33-Methylbutan-1-ol(= Isoamyl alcohol)(CH3)2CH(CH2)2OH

3.03 −117 131 42 1.3 10.5 47 385 339 1.06 T2 D IIA a

123-54-6Pentane-2,4-dione(= Acetylacetone)CH3COCH2COCH3

3.5 −23 140 34 1.7 71 340 3.3 0.95 0.15 T2 D IIA a

123-63-72.4.6-Trimethyl-1.3.5-trioxane(= p-Acetaldehyde)(= Paracetaldehyde)(= Paraldehyde)OCH(CH3)OCH(CH3)OCH(CH3)

4.56 12 124 27 1.3 72 235 1.01 T3 D IIA a

123-72-81-Butanal(= Butyraldehyde)(= Butyl aldehyde)CH3CH2CH2CHO

2.48 −97 75 −12 1.7 12.5 51 378 205 0.92 T3 D IIA a

123-86-4Acetic acid n-butyl ester(= n-Butyl acetate)(= n-Butyl ester of acetic acid)(= Butyl ethanoate)CH3COOCH2(CH2)2CH3

4.01 −77 127 22 1.2 8.5 58 408 390 130 mg/l

1.04 1.08 T2 D IIA c

123-91-11.4-Dioxane(= Diethylene dioxide)(= Diethylene ether)OCH2CH2OCH2CH2

3.03 10 101 11 1.4 22.5 51 813 375 4.75 0.7 0.02 0.19 T2 C IIB a

124-13-0Octanal(=Octaldehyde)CH3(CH2)6CHO

4.42 12 to 15 171 52 200 T4 IIA a

124-18-5 (n-Decane)Decane(mixed isomers)C10H22

4.9 46 0.7 5.6 41 332 235 120 mg/l

1.05 T3 D IIA a

124-40-3n-Methylmethanamine(= Dimethylamine)(CH3)2NH

1.55 −92 7 gas 2.8 14.4 53 272 400 1.15 T2 D IIA a

126-99-82-Chloro-1,3-butadiene(= Chloroprene)CH2=CCICH=CH2

3 60 −29 1.9 20 320 T2

138-86-31-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexeneCH3CCHCH2CH(C(CH3)=CH2)CH2CH2

4.66 −89 175 43 0.7 6.1 39 348 237 1.18 T3 D IIA a

140-88-52-Propenoic acid ethyl ester(= Acrylic acid ethyl ester)(= Ethyl acrylate)(= Ethyl propenoate)CH2=CHCOOCH2CH3

3.45 −75 100 9 1.4 14 59 588 350 4.3 0.86 0.04 T2 D IIB a

141-32-22-Propenoic acid butyl ester(inhibited)(= n-Butyl acrylate)(= Butyl ester of acrylic acid)(= Butyl-2-propenoate)CH2=CHCOOC4H9

4.41 −65 148 38 1.2 9.9 63 425 268 0.88 T3 D IIB a

141-43-52-Aminoethanol(= Ethanolamine)(= beta-Aminoethyl alcohol)(= Ethylolamine)(= 2-Hydroxyethylamine)(= Monoethanolamine)NH2CH2CH2OH

2.1 10 172 85 410 T2 IIA d

141-78-6Acetic acid ethyl ester(= Ethyl acetate)(= Ethyl ethanoate)CH3COOCH2CH3

3.04 −83 77 −4 2 12.8 73 470 470 4.7 0.99 0.04 T1 D IIA a

141-79-74-Methylpent-3-en-2-one(= Mesityl oxide)(CH3)2CCHCOCH3

3.78 −59 130 24 1.6 7.2 64 289 306 0.93 T2 D IIA a

141-97-93-Oxobutanoic acid ethyl ester(= Acetoacetic acid ethyl ester)(= 1-Ethoxybutane-1.3-dione)(= Ethyl acetoacetate)CH3COCH2COOCH2CH3

4.5 −44 180 65 1 9.5 54 519 350 0.96 T2 D IIA a

142-29-0CyclopenteneCH=CHCH2CH2CH

2.3 −135 46 <−22 1.48 41 309 0.96 T2 D IIA a

497-36

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497142-82-5 (n-Heptane)Heptane (mixed isomers)C7H16

3.46 −91 98 −7 0.85 6.7 35 281 204 2.3 0.91 0.02 0.88 T3 D IIA c

142-84-7n-Propyl-1-propanamine(= Dipropylamine)(CH3CH2CH2)2NH

3.48 −40 105 4 1.2 9.1 50 376 260 0.95 T3 D IIA a

142-96-11.11-Oxybisbutane(= Dibutyl ether)(= 1-Butoxybutane)(CH3(CH2)3)2O

4.48 −95 141 25 0.9 8.5 48 460 175 2.6 0.86 0.02 T4 D IIB c

151-56-4Ethylenimine(= Aminoethylene)(= Aziridine)CH3CH2N

1.5 −71 55 −11 3.3 54.8 320 0.48 T2 IIB b

287-23-0Cyclobutane(= Tertamethylene)CH2(CH2)2CH2

1.93 −91 13 gas 1.8 42 IIA d

287-92-3Cyclopentane(= Pentamethylene)CH2(CH2)3CH2

2.4 −94 49 −37 1.4 41 320 1.01 T2 D IIA d

291-64-5CycloheptaneCH2(CH2)3CH2

3.39 −8 119 6 1.1 6.7 44 275 IIA d

300-62-9(+-) α-Methylbenzeneethanamine(= Amphetamine)(= 1-Phenylpropan-2-amine)C6H5CH2CH(NH2)CH3

4.67 200 <100 IIA d

350-57-21,1,2,2-TetrafluoroethoxybenzeneC6H5OCF2CF2H

6.7 152 to 162

47 1.6 126 483 1.22 T1 D IIA a

359-11-5TrifluoroethyleneCF2=CFH

2.83 -51 15.3 27 502 904 319 1.4 T2 D IIA a

420-46-21,1,1-Trifluoroethane(=Methylfluoroform)CF3CH3

2.9 −111 -47 6.8 17.6 234 605 714 >2 T1 D IIA a

461-53-0Butanoyl fluoride(= Butyryl fluoride)CH3(CH2)2COF

3.1 66 <−14 2.6 95 440 1.14 T2 D IIA a

463-58-1Carbonyl sulfideCOS

2.07 −139 -50 gas 6.5 28.5 160 700 209 1.35 T3 D IIA a

493-02-7trans-DecahydronaphthaleneCH2(CH2)3CHCH(CH2)3CH2

4.76 −30 187 54 0.7 4.9 40 284 288 T3 IIA d

504-60-9Penta-1.3-diene(= Piperyltene)CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH3

2.34 41 <−31 1.2 9.4 35 261 361 0.97 T2 D IIA a

507-20-02-Chloro-2-methylpropane(CH3)3CCI

3.19 −27 51 <−18 541 1.4 T1 D IIA a

513-35-92-Methylbut-2-ene(= Amylene)(= Trimethylethylene)(CH3)2C=CHCH3

2.40 −134 38 −53 1.3 6.6 37 189 290 0.96 T3 D IIA a

513-36-01-Chloro-2-methylpropane(CH3)2CHCH2CI

3.19 −131 69 <−14 2 8.8 75 340 416 1.25 T2 D IIA a

526-73-81,2,3-Trimethylbenzene(= Hemimellitene)CHCHCH(CH3) C(CH3)C(CH3)

4.15 −26 176 51 0.8 7 470 T1 IIA d

534-22-52-MethylfuranOC(CH3) CHCHCH

2.83 −89 64 <−16 1.4 9.7 47 325 318 0.95 T2 D IIA a

536-74-3Phenylacetylene(= Ethynylbenzene)(= Phenyl ethyne)C6H5C≡CH

3.52 −45 142 41 420 0.86 T2 D IIB a

540-54-51-ChloropropaneCH3CH2CH2CL

2.7 −123 47 −32 2.4 11.1 78 365 520 T1 IIA a

540-59-01,2-Dichloroethene(= Acetylene dichloride)(= trans-Acetylene dichloride)(= sym-Dichloroethylene)CICH-CHCI

3.55 −57 48 to 60 −10 9.7 12.8 391 516 440 3.91 T2 D IIA a

540-67-0Ethyl methyl ether(= Methoxythane)CH3OCH2CH3

2.1 −139 7 gas 2 10.1 50 255 190 T4 IIB d

497-37

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497540-84-12.2.4-Trimethylpentane(= iso-Butyltrimethyl methane)(= iso-Octane)(CH3)2CHCH2C(CH3)3

3.9 −107 99 −12 0.7 6 34 284 413 2 1.04 0.04 T2 D IIA a

540-88-5Acetic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester(= tert-Butyl acetate)(= tert-Butyl ester of acetic acid)CH3COOC(CH3)3

4 97 1 1.3 7.3 435 T2

542-92-71.3-CyclopentadieneCH2CH=CHCH=CH

2.3 −97 40 −50 465 0.99 T1 D IIA a

544-01-41.11-Oxybis(3-methylbutane)(= Diisopentylether)(= Di(3-methyl-1-butyl) ether)(= 3-Methyl-1-(3-methyl-butoxy)-butane)(CH3)2CH(CH2)2O(CH2)2CH(CH3)2

5.45 −96 173 44 1.27 104 185 0.92 T4 D IIA a

554-14-32-MethylthiopheneSC(CH3) CHCHCH

3.4 −63 113 −1 1.3 6.5 52 261 433 1.15 T2 D IIA a

557-99-3Acetyl fluorideCH3COF

2.14 −84 21 <−17 5.6 19.9 142 505 434 1.54 T2 D IIA a

563-47-33-Chloro-2-methyl-1-propeneCH2=C(CH3)CH2CI

3.12 −80 72 −16 2.1 77 476 1.16 T1 D IIA a

583-48-23.4-DimethylhexaneCH3CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH3

3.87 118 2 0.8 6.5 38 310 305 T2 IIA d

590-01-2Propionic acid butyl ester(= Propanoic acid, butyl ester)(= Butyl propanoate)(= Butyl propionate)C2H5COOC4H9

4.48 −90 146 38 1 7.7 53 409 405 0.93 T2 D IIA a

590-18-12-Butene (cis)CH3CH=CHCH3

1.93 −139 4 gas 1.6 10 40 228 325 0.89 T2 D IIB a

590-86-33-Methylbutanal(= iso-Pentanal)(= iso-Valeradehyde)(= 3-Methylbutyraldehyde)(CH3)2CHCH2CHO

2.97 −51 92 −5 1.3 13 60 207 0.98 T3 D IIA a

591-78-62-Hexanone(= Hexan-2-one)(= Methyl butyl ketone)CH3CO(CH2)3CH3

3.46 −56 128 23 1.2 9.4 50 392 420 0.98 T2 D IIA a

591-87-7Acetic acid-2propenyl ester(= Acetoxypropene)(= Acetic acid, allyl ester)(= Allyl acetate)CH2=CHCH2OOCCH3

3.45 103 13 1.7 10.1 69 420 348 0.96 T2 D IIA a

592-77-8Hept-2-eneCH3(CH2)3CH=CHCH3

3.4 −109 98 <0 263 0.97 T3 D IIA a

598-61-8MethylcyclobutaneCH3CH(CH2)2CH2

2.41 36 IIA d

623-36-92-Methylpent-2-enalCH3CH2CHC(CH3)COH

3.78 −94 136 30 1.46 58 206 0.84 T3 D IIB a

624-83-9Methylisocyanate(= Methyl ester of isocyanic acid)CH3NCO

1.96 38 −35 5.3 26 123 605 517 1.21 T1 D IIA a

625-55-8Fomic acid-1-methylethyl ester(= iso-Propyl fomate)(= Formic acid isopropyl ester)(= 1-Methylethyl fomate)HCOOCH(CH3)2

3.03 68 <−6 469 1.1 T1 D IIA a

626-38-0Acetic acid 1-methylbutyl ester(= sec-Amyl acetate)(= 1-Methylbutyl acetate)(= 2-Pentanol acetate)(= 2-Pentyl ester of acetic acid)CH3COOCH(CH3)(CH2)2CH3

4.5 134 23 11 7.5 IIA d

628-63-7Acetic acid penthyl ester(= n-Amyl acetate)(= Amyl acetic ester)(= 1-Pentanol acetate)(= Pentyl Acetate)(= Pentyl ester of acetic acid)(= Primary amyl acetate)CH3COO(CH2)4CH3

4.48 −71 149 25 1 7.5 55 387 360 110 mg/l

1.02 T2 D IIA a

629-14-11.2-Diethoxyethane(= 3,6-Dioxaoctane)CH3CH2O(CH2)2OCH2CH3

4.07 −74 122 16 170 0.81 T4 D IIB a

497-38

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497630-08-0Carbon monoxide (water saturatedair at 18°C; see 5.2.3)CO

0.97 gas 10.9 74 126 870 607 40.8 0.84 0.03 T1 D IIB a

645-62-52-Ethyl-2-hexenal(= Ethylpropylacrolein)CH3CH(CH2CH3)=CH(CH2)2CH3

4.34 175 40 184 0.86 T4 D IIB a

646-06-01.3-Dioxolane(= glycolformal)(= formaldehyde ethylene acetal)(= ethylene glycol formal)OCH2CH2OCH2

2.55 −26 74 −5 2.3 30.5 70 935 245 T3 IIB d

674-82-84-Methylene-2-oxetanone(= Acetyl ketene)(= But-3-en-3-olide)(= Diketene)CH2=CCH2C(O)O

2.9 −7 127 33 262 0.84 T3 D IIB a

677-21-43,3,3-Trifluoroprop-1-eneCH3CH=CH2

3.31 −29 4.7 184 490 1.75 T1 D IIA a

693-65-21.11-Oxybispentane(= Dipentylether)(CH3(CH2)4)2O

5.45 −69 180 57 171 T4

760-23-63.4-Dichlorobut-1-eneCH2=CHCHCICH2CI

4.31 −51 123 31 1.3 7.2 66 368 469 1.38 T1 D IIA a

764-48-72-Vinyloxyethanol(= 2-Ethenoxyethanol)CH2=CH-OCH2CH2OH

3.04 143 52 250 0.86 T3 D IIB a

765-43-51-Cyclopropyl ethanone(= acetylcyclopropane)(= Cyclopropyl methyl ketone)CH2CH2CHCOCH3

2.9 −68 114 15 1.7 58 452 0.97 T1 D IIA a

814-68-6Acryloyl chloride(= Propenoyl chloride)(= Acrylic acid chloride)CH2CHCOCI

3.12 74 −8 2.68 18 220 662 463 1.06 T1 D IIA a

872-05-91-DeceneCH2(CH2)8CH3

4.84 −66 172 47 0.55 5.7 235 T3

920-46-7Methacryloyl chloride(= Methacrylic acid chloride)(= 2-Methyl-2-propenoyl chloride)CH2CCH3COCI

3.6 −60 99 to 102 17 2.5 106 510 0.94 T1 D IIA a

926-57-81.3-Dichloro-2-buteneCH3CCI=CHCH2CI

4.31 126 27 469 1.31 T1 D IIA a

994-05-82-Methoxy-2-methyl-butane(= 1.1-Dimethylpropyl methyl ether)(= Methyl tert-pentyl ether)(CH3)2C(OCH3)CH2CH3

3.5 −80 86 <−14 1.18 50 345 1.01 T2 D IIA a

1120-56-5MethylenecyclobutaneC(=CH2)(CH2)2CH2

2.35 −135 42 <0 1.25 8.6 35 239 352 0.76 T2 D IIB a

1122-03-84.4.5-Trimethyl-1.3-dioxaneOCH2OCH(CH3)C(CH3)2CH2

4.48 35 284 0.9 T3 D IIA a

1300-73-8Xylidenes (Mixture of isomers)(= Xylidine)C6H3(CH3)2NH2

4.174.2

90 to 98 1 7 50 355 500 to 545

T1

1319-77-3(o-Cresol)Cresol(mixed isomers)CH3C6H4OH

3.73 81 1.1 50 557 T1 IIA d

1333-74-0Hydrogen H2

0.07 −259 -253 gas 4 77 34 63 560 27 0.29 0.01 0.25 T1 B IIC c

1498-64-2O-Ethyl phosphoro dichloridothioateC2H5OPSCI2

7.27 75 234 1.2 T3 D IIA a

1634-04-42-Methoxy-2-methylpropane(= tert-Butyl methylether)(= Methyl tert-butylether)CH3OC(CH3)3

3.03 −109 55 −27 1.5 8.4 54 310 385 1 T2 D IIA a

1640-89-7EthylcyclopentaneCH3CH2CH(CH2)3CH2

3.4 −138 103 <5 1.05 6.8 42 280 262 T3 IIA d

1678-91-7EthylcyclohexaneCH3CH2CH(CH2)4CH2

3.87 −113 132 <24 0.9 6.6 42 310 238 T3 IIA d

1712-64-7Nitric acid-1-methylethyl ester(= iso-Propyl nitrate)(= Nitric acid isopropyl ester)(= Propane-2-nitrate)(CH3)2CHONO2

3.62 101 11 2 100 75 3738 175 T4 IIB d

497-39

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 4971719-53-5Dichlorodiethylsilane(= Diethyl-dicholoro-silane)(C2H5)2SiCI2

5.42 −96 130 24 3.4 233 0.45 B IIC a

1738-25-63-(Dimethylamino) propiononitrile(CH3)2NHCH2CH2CN

3.38 −43 170 50 1.57 62 317 1.14 T2 D IIA a

2032-35-12-Bromo-1,1-diethoxyethane(CH3CH2O)2CHCH2Br

7.34 170 to 172

57 175 1 T4 D IIA a

2426-08-6(Butoxymethyl)oxirane(= n-Butyl glycidil ether)(= Butyl 2,3-Epoxypropylether)(= 1.2-Epoxy-3-butoxypropane)(CH2)3OCH2CH3CH2(CH2)3O CH2 CHCH2O

4.48 165 44 215 0.78 T3 D IIB a

2673-15-62.2.3.3.4.4.5.5-Octafluoro-1,1-dimethylpentan-1-olH(CF2CF2)2C(CH3)2OH

8.97 61 465 1.5 T1 D IIA a

2993-85-32.2.3.3.4.4.5.5.6.6.7.7-Dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylateCH2=(C(CH3)COOCH2(CF2)6H

9.93 197 1.6 185 390 1.46 T2 D IIA a

3583-47-91.4-Dichloro-2,3 Epoxybutane(= 2,3-bis(chloromethyl) oxirane)CH2CICH2CHCHCOCH2CI

2 1.9 8.5 1.07 0.98 D IIA a

4170-30-32-Butenal(= Crotonaldehyde)(= beta-Methyl acrolein)(= Propylene aldehyde)CH3CH=CHCHO

2.41 −75 102 8 2.1 16 62 470 230 0.81 T3 D IIB a

4806-61-5EthylcyclobutaneCH3CH2CH(CH2)2CH2

2.9 −147 71 <−16 1.2 7.7 42 272 212 T3 IIA d

5870-82-61.1.3-Triethoxybutane(CH3CH2O)2CHCH2CH(CH3CH2O)CH3

6.56 33 0.78 5.8 60 451 165 0.95 T4 D IIA a

5891-21-45-Chloro-2-pentanoneCH3CO(CH2)3CI

4.16 172 61 2 98 440 1.1 T2 D IIA a

7383-71-32.2.3.3-Tetrafluoropropyl acrylate(= Acrylic acid 2.2.3.3-tetrafluoro-propyl ester)(= 2.2.3.3-Tetrafluoro propyl prop-2-enoate)CH2=CHCOOCH2CF2CF2H

6.41 135 45 2.4 182 357 1.18 T2 D IIA a

7397-62-8Hydroxyacetic butylester(= Butyl glycolate)(= Butyl-2-hydroxyacetate)HOCH2COO(CH2)3CH3

4.45 −26 187 61 4.2 0.88 0.02 D IIB a

7664-41-7Ammonia(= Anhydrous ammonia)NH3

0.59 −78 −33 gas 15 33.6 107 240 630 24.5 3.18 6.85 T1 D IIA a

7783-06-4Hydrogen Sulfide(= Hydrosulfuric acid)(= Sewer gas)(= Sulfuretted hydrogen)H2S

1.19 −88 −60 gas 4 45.5 57 650 260 0.83 T3 D IIB a

8006-61-9Gasoline(= Motor fuel)(= Natural gasoline)(= Petrol)

3 −46 1.4 7.6 280 T3

8006-64-2Turpentine oil

−50 to −60 154 to 170

35 0.8 253 T3 IIA d

8008-20-6Kerosene(= Diesel Oil No. 1)(= Fuel Oil No. 1)

38 to 72 0.7 5 210 T3 IIA d

17639-76-8Methyl-2-methoxypropionateCH3CH(CH3O)COOCH3

4.06 42 (at 200

mbar)

48 1.2 58 211 1.07 T3 D IIA a

20260-76-82-Methyl-5-vinylpyridineNC(CH3)CHCHC(CH2=CH)CH

4.1 61 520 1.3 T1 D IIA a

25377-83-7Octene (mixed isomers)C8H16

3.66 −18 0.9 5.9 42 270 230 0.95 T3 IIA a

25639-42-3Methylcyclohexanol (mixed isomers)(= Hexahydromethyl phenol)(= Hexahydrocresol)C7H13OH

3.93 −50 155 to 180

68 295 T3 IIA d

26519-91-5Methylcyclopentadiene-1.3(CH3)C=CHCH=CHCH2

2.76 73 <−18 1.3 7.6 43 249 432 0.92 T2 D IIA a

497-40

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 49729553-26-22.2.3.3-Tetrafluoro-1.1-dimethylpropan-1-olHCF2CF2C(CH3)2OH

5.51 35 447 1.42 T2 D IIA a

30525-89-4Paraformaldehyde(= Polyoxymethylene)(= Polymerised formaldehyde)(= Formaldehyde polymer)poly(CH2O)

70 7 73 380 0.57 T2 C IIB a

34590-94-8(2-Methoxymethylethoxy)propanol(= Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether)H3COC3H6OC3H6OH

5.11 −80 209 74 1.1 10.9 69 270 T3

35158-25-92-iso-Propyl-5-methylhex-2-enal(= 2-Hexenal, 5-methyl-2(1-methylethyl))(CH3)2CH-C(CHO)CHCH2CH(CH3)2

5.31 181 188 >1 T4 D IIA a

45102-52-12.2.3.3-Tetrafluoropropyl methacrylat(= 2.2.3.3-Tetrafluoro propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoateCH2=C(CH2)COOCH2CF2CF2H

6.9 70 (at 68 mbar)

1.9 155 389 1.18 T2 D IIA a

68476-34-6Diesel Oil No. 2(= Diesel fuel No. 2)(= Fuel Oil No. 2)

52 to 96 0.6 6.5 254 to 285

T3

No CAS1-Chloro-2.2.2-trifluoroethyl methyletherCF3CHCIOCH3

5.12 4 8 484 430 2.8 T2 D IIA a

No CASCoke oven gas(see Section 5.2.1)

gas IIB or IIC

d

No CASFuel oil-6

66 to 132

No CAS4-Methylenetetra-hydropyranOCH2CH2C(=CH2) CH2CH2

3.78 2 1.5 60 255 0.89 T3 D IIB a

No CAS2-Methylhexa-3,5-dien-2-olCH2=CHC=CHC(OH)(CH3)2

3.79 24 347 1.14 T2 D IIA a

No CASWater gasMixture of CO + H2

T1 IIC d

497-41

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497for higher LFL materials. With regard to the annotation, users can be assisted by providing reference to the earlier text when searching for an applicable diagram. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle1. Add new item (3) to existing Section 5.5.1 to read as follows:(3) The lower flammable limit (LFL) of the material (See 5.4.1(4)). 2. Renumber the subsequent items in the list. Committee Statement: The Committee notes that LFL is an important property for determining the extent of a classified area. The Committee believes that the submitter’s proposed recommendation for adjusting the extent of classification distances would be too restrictive as submitted. Number Eligible to Vote: 18 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 16 Negative: 1 Ballot Not Returned: 1 Lapp, B.Explanation of Negative: WECHSLER, D.: The resultant Committee action will only add LFL to this list of ‘careful consideration’ under section 5.5.1 and there is insufficient support within this section of the document to address how this LFL becomes important a significant driver for the ‘extent’ of the Classified Location. If the Committee is going to modify this list we should provide more detail, perhaps by providing additional expanded texts in other sections. For instance, what is meant by: (1) the combustible material? Do we mean the flammability parameters of the specific chemical which perhaps would include boiling point, MIE, Flash point, and even LFL, etc? Item (3) the temperature of the material, within the process or perhaps at STP conditions or maybe something else? Again there is correlation with the 5.7.4 table which needs to be retained for understanding. Paragraph 5.5.2 and its annex address vapor density, ventilation aspects, and to degrees implied, with temperatures both ambient and of the material. ________________________________________________________________ 497-8 Log #6 Final Action: Accept in Principle(Figure 5.9.3(a), 5.9.3(b), 5.9.6, 5.9.8(a), 5.9.10(a)(b)(c), 5.10.3(a), 5.10.3(b), 5.10.6, 5.10.8(a) and 5.10.10(a)(b)(c))________________________________________________________________ Submitter: David B. Wechsler, The Dow Chemical CompanyRecommendation: Add an arrow and label “source” on figures containing a single source of release on all figures as appropriate for only a single source release condition. Substantiation: Apparently there is confusion as to what the extent distances are measured from due to a lack of understanding of where the source of the release may be as seen on many of the document figures. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in PrincipleAdd a source arrow to the following figures as directed in the recommendation:

FIGURE 5.9.3(a): Product Dryer Located in an Adequately Ventilated Building. The product dryer system is totally enclosed The material being handled is a solid wet with a flammable liquid.

2. Delete the notes to existing Table 4.4.2 and delete the existing second paragraph of A.4.4.2. Committee Statement: 1. The Committee’s action meets with the submitter’s intent of expanding Table 4.4.2 and incorporating the latest recognized data values into the table. 2. The deletion of the second paragraph of A.4.4.2 was necessary because it related to the notes for existing Table 4.4.2 that were also deleted. Number Eligible to Vote: 18 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 17 Ballot Not Returned: 1 Lapp, B.Comment on Affirmative: WECHSLER, D.: Comment: The Chair appointed subteam will need to take appropriate actions to review this data to be certain that the appropriate table footnotes are correctly imported into the revised table. This subteam should also assure that no existing chemical entries are deleted from the existing table, for example, like the existing field “Process Gas > 30% H2” which does not exist in the added table. ________________________________________________________________ 497-6 Log #2 Final Action: Accept in Principle(5.7.4 and Table 5.7.4)________________________________________________________________ Submitter: David B. Wechsler, The Dow Chemical CompanyRecommendation: Add new text to read as follows:Table 5.7.4 gives ranges of process equipment size, pressure, and flow rate for equipment and piping that handles combustible material and this information should be applied in using the 5.9 figures containing an informational box with “x” reflecting that application of this ‘Small’ ‘Moderate’ and ‘Large/high’ process criteria.Substantiation: Apparently the tables shown for example in Figure 5.9.2(b) are not understood as needing to be based upon the information contained in Table 5.7.4. This sentence will help clarify this intent. Alternatively each of the referenced figures could also be provided with a note to see Table 5.7.4. Committee Meeting Action: Accept in Principle 1. Add the new underlined sentence to existing Section 5.7.4 to read: Table 5.7.4 gives ranges of process equipment size, pressure, and flow rate for equipment and piping that handles combustible material and this information should be applied in using the figures in Section 5.9 and Section 5.10 containing an informational box with “x” reflecting that application of this ‘Small’ ‘Moderate’ and ‘Large/high’ process criteria. 2. Add a label to Table 5.9 over the columns labeled “Size, Pressure, and Flow” to read: “Refer to Table 5.7.4”.Committee Statement: The Committee agrees that the proposal clarifies existing Section 5.7.4 and does not introduce new information or new procedures. Number Eligible to Vote: 18 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 16 Negative: 1 Ballot Not Returned: 1 Lapp, B.Explanation of Negative: URAL, E.: In the format presented in the ROP file, the tables are difficult to comprehend and check. I also could not find the explanations for the designations in the “method of class” column. Before it can be voted and approved by the Committee, a searchable and complete version should be made available to the members. ________________________________________________________________ 497-7 Log #4 Final Action: Accept in Principle(5.7.5, 5.9, and 5.10)________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Samuel A. Rodgers, Honeywell, Inc.Recommendation: NFPA 497 Proposal 2 Revised 20100526.doc, for proposed text of Section 5.7.5. In addition, it is suggested to add a notation to each application table for figures in Sections 5.9 and 5.10 to indicate the user should refer to Section 5.7.4 to understand the meaning of Small, Moderate, and Large. Revise text to read as follows: 5.7.5 The majority of chemical plants fall in the moderate range of size, pressure, and flow rate for equipment and piping that handles combustible materials. However, because all cases are not the same, sound engineering judgment is required. For diagrams in Sections 5.9 and 5.10 where the equipment size is indicated as medium to large and the actual equipment is in the small range in Table 5.7.4, it would be appropriate for the indicated distances to be reduced somewhat. Similar situations would apply for pressure and flow rate. On the other hand, for diagrams where equipment size is indicated as small to medium and the actual equipment falls in the large category, the user should consider the API recommendations as more applicable. When applying the diagrams in Sections 5.9 and 5.10, the user should also understand that the distances presented are for a typical hydrocarbon having an LFL on the order of a few percent or less. When the process material LFL is significantly higher, it would be appropriate to reduce the classification distances proportionately.Substantiation: The current text does not clearly explain how the figures in Section 5.9 are to be interpreted for situations where the actual process does not fall in the applicability range depicted. The text also does not address the situation for materials with LFL in the 6-13% range and having a narrow range of explosivity. The current charts are intended to be appropriate for typical hydrocarbons with LFL around 1-1.5% LFL and thus are overly conservative

Division 1 Division 2

Elevator

Feed

Division 1,5 ft (1.52 m) radius


Vent (source)

Separator

Inert gas blanket in elevator and bin

Bin

Exhauster

Dryer

Hot air

Material: Solids wet with flammable liquid

497-42


Figure 5.9.10(a) Tank for the Storage of Cryogenic and Other Cold Lique-fied Flammable Gases. Dike Height Less than distance from container to

dike (H < x). [59A: Figure A.10.6.2(a).]

Figure 5.9.10(b) Tank for the Storage of Cryogenic and Other Cold Liquefied Flammable Gases. Dike height grreater than distance from

container to dike (H >x). [59A:Figure A.10.6.2(b)]

Figure 5.9.10(b) Tank for the Storage of Cryogenic and Other Cold Liquefied Flammable Gases. Dike height greater than distance from

container to dike (H>x). [59A:Figure A.10.6.2(b)]

FIGURE 5.10.3(a) Product Dryer Located in an Adequately Ventilated Building. The product dryer system is totally enclosed. The material being handled is a solid wet with a flammable liquid.

FIGURE 5.9.3(b): Plate and Frame Filer Press. Adequate ventilation is provided. The material being handled is a solid wet with a flammable liquid.

FIGURE 5.9.6: Drum Filling Station Located either Outdoors or Indoors in an Adequately Ventilated Buildings. The material being handled is a flammable liquid.

FIGURE 5.9.8(a): Liquid Hydrogen Storage Located Outdoors or Indoors in an Adequately Ventilated Building. This diagram applies to liquid hydrogen only.

Division 1 Division 2Material: Solids wet with flammable liquid

Vent to solvent recovery

Hood — “up” position

25 ft (7.62 m) radius

3 ft(915 mm)

3 ft(915 mm)

5 ft (1.52 m) 5 ft (1.52 m)

3 ft (915 mm)

Filter press (source)

Grade

Below-grade location such as a sump or trench

Drum10 ft (3.05 m)

Vent (source)


Division 1,3 ft (915 mm) radius

Fill pipe

18 in.(457 mm)

Division 1 Division 2Material: Flammable liquid


Grade


Liquid hydrogenstorage container

Source


Division 1,3 ft (915 mm) radius

Point where connectionsare regularly made

Source

H

x x

Belowgrade pit or trench

Area within 5 ft (1.5 m)of relief valve (source)

Container

15 ft (4.5 m)

H


H

x

15 ft (4.5 m)

Container


Zone 1 Zone 2Material: Liquefied natural gas or other cryogenic flammable liquids

Container

Dike

15 ft (4.5 m)

Grade



Zone 1 Zone 2

Elevator

Feed

Zone 1,5 ft (1.52 m) radius


Vent (source)

Separator

Inert gas blanket in elevator and bin

Bin

Exhauster

Dryer

Hot air

Material: Solids wet with flammable liquid

497-43


FIGURE 5.10.10(a) Tank for the Storage of Crogenic and Other Cold Liquefied Flammable Gases. Dike height less than distance from container to dike (H ˂ x).

FIGURE 5.10.10(b) Tank for the Storage of Crogenic and Other Cold Liquefied Flammable Gases. Dike height greater than distance from container to dike (H > x).

FIGURE 5.10.10(c) Tank for the Storage of Crogenic and Other Cold Liquefied Flammable Gases. Container with liquid level below grade or top of dike.

Committee Statement: The Committee agrees with the submitter’s recommendation and has identified the figures that need to be so edited. Number Eligible to Vote: 18 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 17 Ballot Not Returned: 1 Lapp, B.Comment on Affirmative: WECHSLER, D.: Comment: The “X” shown on several of these figures means that no source changes are being made to this figure. The “X” does not mean the figure is deleted!

FIGURE 5.10.3(b) Plate and frame Filter Press. Adequate ventilation is provided. The material being handled is a solid wet with a flammable

liquid.

FIGURE 5.10.6 Drum Filling Station Located either Outdoors or Indoors in an Adequately Ventilated Building. The material being handled is a

flammable liquid.

FIGURE 5.10.8(a) Liquid Hydrogen Storage Located Outdoors or Indoors in an Adequately Ventilated Building. This diagram applies to liquid hydrogen only.

Zone 1 Zone 2Material: Solids wet with flammable liquid

Vent to solvent recovery

Hood — “up” position

25 ft (7.62 m)

3 ft(915 mm)

3 ft(915 mm)

5 ft (1.52 m) 5 ft (1.52 m)

3 ft (915 mm)

Filter press (source)

Grade

Below-grade location such as a sump or trench

Drum10 ft (3.05 m)

Vent (source)


Zone 1,3 ft (915 mm) radius

Fill pipe

18 in.(457 mm)

Zone 1 Zone 2Material: Flammable liquid

Grade


Liquid hydrogenstorage container

Source


Zone 1,3 ft (915 mm) radius

Point where connectionsare regularly made

Zone 1 Zone 2Material: Liquid hydrogen

Source

H

x x

Belowgrade pit or trench


Container

15 ft (4.5 m)

H


H

x

15 ft (4.5 m)

Container



Container

Dike

15 ft (4.5 m)

Grade



497-44

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497The Brandes and Redecker method includes the relative amount of oxygen necessary for a stoichiometric reaction of each component of the mixture as shown below:

MESG Tx

MESG T

C

i

nO

i

i( )

( )

=

∑=∑

( )

1

1

2

Eqn B.1.1

Where: MESGc(T) = Calculated Maximum Experimental Safe Gap of the mixture at temperature T, mm

MESGi(T) = Maximum Experimental Safe Gap of the component i of the mixture at temperature T, mm

=)(2

iOx

Relative amount of oxygen which is necessary for the stoichiometric reaction of the component i

The general formula for the relative amount of oxygen consumed by a component in a multi-component fuel mixture is:

xy S

y S

i i

i ii

n02

1

1

( )

( )= ⋅

⋅=∑

Eqn B.1.2

Where: yi = Mole fraction of component i in the multi-component fuel mixture

Si = Stoichiometric Oxygen to Fuel molar ratio for combustion of component i in the multi-component fuel mixture

The stoichiometric oxygen to fuel molar ratio, S, is the moles of oxygen needed to ideally react one mole of a combustible hydrocarbon component to final products of carbon dioxide and water. Where the combustible component includes elements other than hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen, the stoichiometric ratio also includes oxidation of those elements to their combustion products.Example 1: A mixture of methane and hydrogen is flowing in a stream where design constrains the maximum concentration of hydrogen, the material with the lower MESG, to no more than 75% by volume. The composition of the mixture to be evaluated is:

Methane 25 vol%Hydrogen 75 vol%

Question: What is the appropriate NEC Division Group to use for the mixture?Table B.1 includes some properties for the materials in the mixture. This information is from Table 4.4.2 and other references.

Table B.1 Physical Properties of Selected Materials

Mol. Wt. S (Oxygen to Fuel Molar Ratio)

MESG (mm) NEC Group

Methane 16.04 2 1.12 D

Hydrogen 2.01 0.5 0.28 B

Propane 44.10 5 0.97 D

Nitrogen 28.01 NA NA NA

Oxygen 32.00 NA NA NA

NA=not applicable

Solution: The mixture above contains 1 mole of methane to 3 moles of hydrogen. The stoichiometric combustion reactions are:

1 CH4 + 2 O2 → 1 CO2 + 2 H2O Methane Combustion 3 H2 + 1.5 O2 → + 3 H2O Hydrogen Combustion________________________________________________________________ 1 CH4 + 3 H2 + 3.5 O2 → 1 CO2 + 5 H2O Summed Reaction

By inspection the relative amounts of oxygen would be:

x xO

CHO

H

2

4

2

22

3 50 57

1 53 5

0 43( ) ( )

..

.

..= = = =

________________________________________________________________ 497-9 Log #CP3 Final Action: Accept(A.3.3.2, A.4.4.2)________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Electrical Equipment in Chemical Atmospheres, Recommendation: Add new text to read as follows:A.3.3.2 Autoignition Temperature (AIT). See NFPA Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials. The value of autoignition temperature depends on the method of testing. The data provided in this document was generally developed using internationally accepted test methods. If a particular material is not included in this document, the data obtained in a similar apparatus, such as the apparatus described by ASTM E 659, Standard Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of Liquid Chemicals, can be used. A.4.4.2 (last para) The data provided in this document was generally developed using the internationally accepted test methods. If no data was available using apparatus according to international methods, the value judged most appropriate from other similar apparatus was used. Substantiation: 1. A.3.3.2: The Committee wants to recognize that autoignition temperature is particularly affected by the test method chosen. 2. A.4.4.2: The Committee wants to inform users of the document that the values were obtained using internationally accepted test methods. Some of the values in the updated table are different than the previous edition due to different internationally accepted test methods. Committee Meeting Action: AcceptNumber Eligible to Vote: 18 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 17 Ballot Not Returned: 1 Lapp, B.________________________________________________________________ 497-10 Log #CP4 Final Action: Accept(A.5.4.3)________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Technical Committee on Electrical Equipment in Chemical Atmospheres, Recommendation: Add new text to read as follows:A.5.4.3 Equipment that depends on a single compression seal, diaphragm, or tube to prevent flammable or combustible fluids from entering the equipment shall be identified for a Class I, Division 2 location even if installed in an unclassified location. Equipment installed in a Class I, Division 1 location shall be identified for the Class I, Division 1 location.Note: Equipment used for flow measurement is an example of equipment having a single compression seal, diaphragm, or tube. [70: 500.8(B)(4), 2011] See also Section 501.17 of the NEC.Substantiation: Recent updates to the NEC have clarified the hazard from process leak sources directly into the electrical system in otherwise unclassified areas. Committee Meeting Action: AcceptNumber Eligible to Vote: 18 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 15 Negative: 1 Abstain: 1Ballot Not Returned: 1 Lapp, B.Explanation of Negative: WECHSLER, D.: Action should be to reject. Paragraph 5.4.3 deals with fired vessels and has nothing to do with process seals. Additionally as annex material the term `shall’ is not permitted. It would appear that if the Committee wishes to generate a seal issue in context with the establishment of a hazardous area classification then it would perhaps need to be addressed in both Sections 5.2.1.1 and 5.3.2 dealing with Classification of Division 1 and Zone 1 locations respectively. Explanation of Abstention: DRISCOLL, M.: After reviewing the proposed changes and comments I don’t feel I have the necessary background to make a fully informed decision on this matter - I will ensure I am at future meetings to get adequate background on these types of matters. ________________________________________________________________ 497-11 Log #3 Final Action: Accept in Principle(Annex B)________________________________________________________________ Submitter: Samuel A. Rodgers, Honeywell, Inc.Recommendation:Annex B Example of a Method for Determining NEC Group Classification for MixturesB.1 Pure Component Fuel Mixture.This example is provided to show how the information in this document can help determine an NEC group classification of a mixture. When the stoichiometry of the combustion reactions is clearly defined and kinetic effects do not significantly change the products of reaction, one method to estimate the MESG of fuel-only mixtures follows Brandes and Redecker [1]. This method might be inappropriate include for mixtures with carbon disulphide or carbon monoxide. This method should not be applied to mixtures and/or streams that have acetylene. Acetyl mixtures should be classified as Group A or Group IIC.

497-45


FIGURE B.1 MESG Ratio vs Fuel Ratio

Example 2: Ammonia is produced from methane where the synthesis gas stream is constrained to be 25 vol% hydrogen and 75 vol% nitrogen. Question: What is the appropriate NEC Division Group to use for the mixture?Solution: Since there is only one combustible component, the pure component values are taken directly from Table B.1. From the example statement the total mole fraction of combustible components, yF, is 0.25. The stoichiometric oxygen to fuel ratio, S, for hydrogen is 0.5. The fuel ratio is calculated as:

FuelRatio = + ⋅ ⋅+ ⋅ ⋅ + −

0 25 4 76 0 5 0 250 25 4 76 0 5 0 25 0 75 3

. ( . . . ). ( . . . ) . ( .. )

.76 0

0 53⋅

=

The MESG for this nitrogen-diluted fuel is calculated as:

MESG mmDiluted = =0 280 53

0 961 938

.( . )

..

The estimated MESG of the 25% hydrogen mixture is 0.96mm. This makes the mixture a Division Group D material and is in agreement with limited data available.Example 3: A oxygen-enriched mixture of Methane and Propane is constrained to have a methane to propane molar ratio of 2:1 and contain up to 31 vol% oxygen. Question: What is the appropriate NEC Zone Group to use for the mixture?Solution: Since there is more than one combustible component, the MESG of the combustible components is determined first. The molar composition of the combustible components is 33% propane, 67% methane.From the tabular information in Table B.1 and using Eqn B.1.2,

x

x

O

O

CH

C H

2

4

2

3 8

0 67 20 67 2 0 33 5

0 44

0 33 50 67

( )

( )

.( . ) ( . )

.

.( .

= ⋅⋅ + ⋅

=

= ⋅⋅⋅ + ⋅

=2 0 33 5

0 56) ( . )

.

Inserting the pure component MESG values in Table B.1 and relative amounts of stoichiometric oxygen above into Eqn B.1.1 results in the following:

MESG T mmc( )..

.

.

.=+

=10 441 12

0 560 97

1 03

Next the mixture stoichiometric ratio is determined as the simple molar average of the combustible components. Inserting the pure component values into Eqn B.2.2 results in the following:

S = 0.67 ●2 + 0.3 ●5 = 3

The total mole fraction of combustible components, yF, is 0.69, while the oxygen mole fraction, yO2, is 0.31. The fuel ratio is calculated as:

FuelRatio = + ⋅ ⋅+ ⋅ ⋅ + − ⋅

0 69 4 76 3 0 690 69 4 76 3 0 69 0 3 76 0 3

. ( . . ). ( . . ) ( . . 11

1 12)

.=

The MESG for this oxygen-enriched methane-propane fuel mixture is calculated as:


0 821 938

.( . )

..

From the tabular information in Table B.1 and using Eqn B.1.2,

x

x

O

CH

O

H

2

4

2

2

0 25 20 25 2 0 75 0 5

0 50 5 0 375

0 57( )

(

.( . ) ( . . )

.. .

.= ⋅⋅ + ⋅

=+

=

)) . .( . ) ( . . )

.. .

.= ⋅⋅ + ⋅

=+

=0 75 0 50 25 2 0 75 0 5

0 3750 5 0 375

0 43


MESG T mmC( )..

.

.[ . . ]

.=+

=+

=10 571 12

0 430 28

10 509 1 54

0 49

From the definitions in 3.3.5 for Groups A, B, C, and D, this calculated MESG value would fall under Division Group C. Thus this mixture can be considered a Division Group C material.B.2 Nitrogen-Diluted or Oxygen-Enriched Fuel Mixture.MESG is the optimum value, i.e. largest gap, which prevents flame passage between two chambers for any mixture of a particular fuel and air. The test method varies the air-fuel ratio and gap until the optimum value is determined. If the fuel mixture contains an inert component the mixture will exhibit a larger MESG than a pure, undiluted fuel. This occurs largely due to the additional energy consumed by heating the inert to combustion temperature. Only when a process is highly constrained to ensure that the inert will always be present should this be included in an estimation of the mixture MESG, as it is not conservative for design. If the fuel mixture contains oxygen, less air is required to achieve stoichiometric combustion and the optimum mixture with air will exhibit a smaller MESG. First estimate the MESGc (T) of the combustible components of the fuel mixture as in B.1, adjusting mole fractions for removal of any nitrogen and oxygen in the mixture.Next calculate the ratio of the total moles to create a stoichiometric mixture of the fuel in air to the total moles to create a stoichiometric oxygen mixture of the diluted or enriched fuel in air. The factor of 4.76 is the total moles of nitrogen and oxygen for each mole of oxygen in air. The negative 3.76 in the denominator accounts for the nitrogen not included from air when the fuel mixture is oxygen enriched.

FuelRatioy S y

y S y y yF F

F F N O

= + ⋅ ⋅+ ⋅ ⋅ + − ⋅

4 764 76 3 76

2 2

.. .

Eqn B.2.1

Where: yF = Total mole fraction of combustible components in the fuel mixture

yN2 = Mole fraction of nitrogen in the fuel mixture

yO2 = Mole fraction of oxygen in the fuel mixture

S = Stoichiometric Oxygen to Fuel molar ratio for the combustible portionof the fuel mixture

Where the fuel mixture contains multiple combustible components, the stoichiometric ratio should be a molar average of that of the undiluted fuel mixture as:

S y Si ii

n

= ⋅( )=∑

1

Eqn B.2.2

Where: yi = Mole fraction of combustible component i in the multi-component fuel mixture


Finally, using the fuel ratio calculated above, estimate the MESG for the diluted fuel. Note that this relation, particularly the exponent in equation B.2.3, is based on nitrogen and oxygen dilution data and is not recommended for other diluents.

MESGMESG T

FuelRatioDilutedc= ( )

( ) .1 938

Eqn B.2.3

Figure B.1 shows the correlation of Equation B.2.3 over a range of nitrogen-diluted and oxygen-enriched fuel mixtures, including hydrogen, ethylene, propane and methane. Original data is from Lunn [2] as further evaluated by Thomas [3].

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fuel Ratio

Nitrogen Diluted Oxygen Enriched

HydrogenEthylenePropaneMethaneEquation

ME

SG

(Dilu

ted)

/ME

SG

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.50

MESGDiluted 1—————— = ———————

MESGC(T) (FuelRatio)1.938

FuelRatio = ————————————————yF + 4.76 • S • yF + yN 2

– 3.76 • yO2

yF + 4.76 • S • yF

497-46


The stoichiometric oxygen to fuel molar ratio, S, is the moles of oxygen needed to ideally react one mole of a combustible hydrocarbon component to final products of carbon dioxide and water. Where the combustible component includes elements other than hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen, the stoichiometric ratio also includes oxidation of those elements to their combustion products.Example 1: A mixture of methane and hydrogen is flowing in a stream where design constrains the maximum concentration of hydrogen, the material with the lower MESG, to no more than 75% by volume. The composition of the mixture to be evaluated is:Methane 25 vol%Hydrogen 75 vol%Question: What is the appropriate NEC Division Group to use for the mixture?Table B.1 includes some properties for the materials in the mixture. This infor-mation is from Table 4.4.2 and other references.

Table B.1 Physical Properties of Selected Materials

Mol. Wt. S (Oxygen to Fuel Molar Ratio)

MESG (mm) NEC Group

Methane 16.04 2 1.12 D

Hydrogen 2.01 0.5 0.28 B

Propane 44.10 5 0.97 D

Nitrogen 28.01 NA NA NA

Oxygen 32.00 NA NA NANA = Not applicable

Solution: The mixture above contains 1 mole of methane to 3 moles of hydro-gen. The stoichiometric combustion reactions are:

1 CH4 + 2 O2 → 1 CO2 + 2 H2O Methane Combustion

3 H2 + 1.5 O2 → + 3 H2O Hydrogen Combustion

1 CH4 + 3 H2 + 3.5 O2 → 1 CO2 + 5 H2O Summed Reaction

By inspection the relative amounts of oxygen would be: x xO

CHO

H

2

4

2

22

3 50 57

1 53 5

0 43( ) ( )

..

.

..= = = =

From the tabular information in Table B.1 and using Eqn B.1.2,

x

x

O

CH

O

H

2

4

2

2

0 25 20 25 2 0 75 0 5

0 50 5 0 375

0 57( )

(

.( . ) ( . . )

.. .

.= ⋅⋅ + ⋅

=+

=

)) . .( . ) ( . . )

.. .

.= ⋅⋅ + ⋅

=+

=0 75 0 50 25 2 0 75 0 5

0 3750 5 0 375

0 43


MESG T mmC( )..

.

.[ . . ]

.=+

=+

=10 571 12

0 430 28

10 509 1 54

0 49

From the definitions in 3.3.5 for Groups A, B, C, and D, this calculated MESG value would fall under Division Group C. Thus this mixture can be considered a Division Group C material.B.2 Nitrogen-Diluted or Oxygen-Enriched Fuel Mixture.MESG is the optimum value, i.e. largest gap, which prevents flame passage between two chambers for any mixture of a particular fuel and air. The test method varies the air-fuel ratio and gap until the optimum value is determined. If the fuel mixture contains an inert component the mixture will exhibit a larger MESG than a pure, undiluted fuel. This occurs largely due to the additional energy consumed by heating the inert to combustion temperature. Only when a process is highly constrained to ensure that the inert will always be present should this be included in an estimation of the mixture MESG, as it is not con-servative for design. If the fuel mixture contains oxygen, less air is required to achieve stoichiometric combustion and the optimum mixture with air will exhibit a smaller MESG. First estimate the MESGc (T) of the combustible components of the fuel mix-ture as in B.1, adjusting mole fractions for removal of any nitrogen and oxygen in the mixture.

From the definitions in 3.3.5 for Zone Groups IIA, IIB, and IIC, the calculated MESG value for this oxygen-enriched mixture would fall under Zone Group IIB. Thus this mixture can be considered a Zone Group IIB material.Add references to C.1.2.4:[2] Lunn, G. A., “Maximum Experimental Safe Gap: The Effects of OxygenEnrichment and the Influence of Reaction Kinetics,” Journal of HazardousMaterials, 261 – 270, 1984.[3] Thomas, G., “Pipeline Explosions I: An Evaluation of MESG as a RelativeMeasure of Potential Explosion Severity and the Genesis of a Mimic GasConcept for Explosion Hazard Testing,” 5th Int. Seminar on Fire and ExplosionHazards.[4] Rodgers, S. A.,

Footnotes for Annex B: [1] Brandes, E. and Rodeker, T. [2] Lunn, G. A. [3] Thomas, G. [4] Rodgers, S. A.Substantiation: The current text recommends a molar average of inverseMESG values, not taking into account the relative amounts of oxidantconsumed by the components. An improved method for determining MESG ofmixtures has been reported by Brandes and Redecker and is referenced as analternative in the current text. The Brandes and Redecker method is welldocumented and supported and should be the primary method forrecommended to estimate MESG of fuel mixtures.For diluted fuel mixtures, the current method fixes an artificial MESG for thediluent. This method fits reasonably well with data on hydrogen, but does notfit well with data for some other gases which has recently become available.The proposed methodology, developed by the author, correlates data forfour dissimilar hydrocarbon fuels with nitrogen dilution and oxygen enrichmentover a wide range.Committee Meeting Action: Accept in PrincipleB.1 Pure Component Fuel Mixture.This example is provided to show how the information in this document can help determine an NEC group classification of a mixture. When the stoichi-ometry of the combustion reactions is clearly defined and kinetic effects do not significantly change the products of reaction, one method to estimate the MESG of fuel-only mixtures follows Brandes and Redecker [1]. This method might be inappropriate for mixtures with carbon disulphide or carbon monox-ide. This method should not be applied to mixtures and/or streams that have acetylene. Acetyl mixtures should be classified as Group A or Group IIC.The Brandes and Redecker method includes the relative amount of oxygen necessary for a stoichiometric reaction of each component of the mixture as shown below:

MESG Tx

MESG T

C

i

nO

i

i( )

( )

=

∑=∑

( )

1

1

2

Eqn B.1.1

Where: MESGc(T) = Calculated Maximum Experimental Safe Gap of the mixture at temperature T, mm

MESGi(T) = Maximum Experimental Safe Gap of the compo-nent i of the mixture at temperature T, mm

=)(2

iOx

Relative amount of oxygen which is necessary for the stoichiometric reaction of the component i

The general formula for the relative amount of oxygen consumed by a compo-nent in a multi-component fuel mixture is:

xy S

y S

i i

i ii

n02

1

1

( )

( )= ⋅

⋅=∑

Eqn B.1.2

Where: yi = Mole fraction of component i in the multi-compo-nent fuel mixture


497-47

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497The MESG for this nitrogen-diluted fuel is calculated as:


0 961 938

.( . )

..

The estimated MESG of the 25% hydrogen mixture is 0.96mm. This makes the mixture a Division Group D material and is in agreement with limited data available.Example 3: A oxygen-enriched mixture of Methane and Propane is constrained to have a methane to propane molar ratio of 2:1 and contain up to 31 vol% oxygen. Question: What is the appropriate NEC Zone Group to use for the mixture?Solution: Since there is more than one combustible component, the MESG of the combustible components is determined first. The molar composition of the combustible components is 33% propane, 67% methane.From the tabular information in Table B.1 and using Eqn B.1.2,

x

x

O

O

CH

C H

2

4

2

3 8

0 67 20 67 2 0 33 5

0 44

0 33 50 67

( )

( )

.( . ) ( . )

.

.( .

= ⋅⋅ + ⋅

=

= ⋅⋅⋅ + ⋅

=2 0 33 5

0 56) ( . )

.


MESG T mmc( )..

.

.

.=+

=10 441 12

0 560 97

1 03

Next the mixture stoichiometric ratio is determined as the simple molar average of the combustible components. Inserting the pure component values into Eqn B.2.2 results in the following:

S = 0.67 ●2 + 0.3 ●5 = 3

The total mole fraction of combustible components, yF, is 0.69, while the oxy-gen mole fraction, yO2, is 0.31. The fuel ratio is calculated as:

FuelRatio = + ⋅ ⋅+ ⋅ ⋅ + − ⋅

0 69 4 76 3 0 690 69 4 76 3 0 69 0 3 76 0 3

. ( . . ). ( . . ) ( . . 11

1 12)

.=

The MESG for this oxygen-enriched methane-propane fuel mixture is calcu-lated as:


0 821 938

.( . )

..

From the definitions in 3.3.5 for Zone Groups IIA, IIB, and IIC, the calculated MESG value for this oxygen-enriched mixture would fall under Zone Group IIB. Thus this mixture can be considered a Zone Group IIB material.Footnotes for Annex B: [1] Brandes, E. and T. Redeker’ “Maximum Experimental Safe Gap of Binary and Ternary Mixtures,” Journal de Physique IV France, Vol. 12, No. 7, 2002 [2] Lunn, G. A., “Maximum Experimental Safe Gap: The Effects of Oxygen Enrichment and the Influence of Reaction Kinetics,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, 261 – 270, 1984. [3] Thomas, G., “Pipeline Explosions I: An Evaluation of MESG as a Relative Measure of Potential Explosion Severity and the Genesis of a Mimic Gas Concept for Explosion Hazard Testing,” 5th Int. Seminar on Fire and Explosion Hazards. [4] Rodgers, S. A., “Fuel Ratio Method for Estimating the MESG of Nitrogen-Diluted and Oxygen-Enriched Fuels, Including the Brandes-Redeker Method to Estimate the MESG of Mixed Fuels,” AIChE 6th Global Congress on Process Safety, 44th Annual Loss Prevention Symposium, March 22-24, 2010.Add references [2], [3], and [4] from above to C.1.2.4 to read: [1] Brandes, E. and T. Redeker’ “Maximum Experimental Safe Gap of Binary and Ternary Mixtures,” Journal de Physique IV France, Vol. 12, No. 7, 2002. [2] Lunn, G. A., “Maximum Experimental Safe Gap: The Effects of Oxygen Enrichment and the Influence of Reaction Kinetics,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, 261 – 270, 1984. [3] Thomas, G., “Pipeline Explosions I: An Evaluation of MESG as a Relative Measure of Potential Explosion Severity and the Genesis of a Mimic Gas Concept for Explosion Hazard Testing,” 5th Int. Seminar on Fire and Explosion Hazards. [7] Rodgers, S. A., “Fuel Ratio Method for Estimating the MESG of Nitrogen-Diluted and Oxygen-Enriched Fuels, Including the Brandes-Redeker Method to Estimate the MESG of Mixed Fuels,” AIChE 6th Global Congress on Process Safety, 44th Annual Loss Prevention Symposium, March 22-24, 2010.

Next calculate the ratio of the total moles to create a stoichiometric mixture of the fuel in air to the total moles to create a stoichiometric oxygen mixture of the diluted or enriched fuel in air. The factor of 4.76 is the total moles of nitrogen and oxygen for each mole of oxygen in air. The negative 3.76 in the denominator accounts for the nitrogen not included from air when the fuel mix-ture is oxygen enriched.

FuelRatioy S y

y S y y yF F

F F N O

= + ⋅ ⋅+ ⋅ ⋅ + − ⋅

4 764 76 3 76

2 2

.. .

Eqn B.2.1

Where: yF = Total mole fraction of combustible components in the fuel mixture

yN2 = Mole fraction of nitrogen in the fuel mixture

yO2 = Mole fraction of oxygen in the fuel mixture

S = Stoichiometric Oxygen to Fuel molar ratio for the combustible portionof the fuel mixture

Where the fuel mixture contains multiple combustible components, the stoi-chiometric ratio should be a molar average of that of the undiluted fuel mixture as:

S y Si ii

n

= ⋅( )=∑

1

Eqn B.2.2

Where: yi = Mole fraction of combustible component i in the multi-component fuel mixture

Si = Stoichiometric Oxygen to Fuel molar ratio for com-bustion of component i in the multi-component fuel mixture

Finally, using the fuel ratio calculated above, estimate the MESG for the dilut-ed fuel. Note that this relation, particularly the exponent in equation B.2.3, is based on nitrogen and oxygen dilution data and is not recommended for other diluents.

MESGMESG T

FuelRatioDilutedc= ( )

( ) .1 938

Eqn B.2.3

Figure B.2.1 shows the correlation of Equation B.2.3 over a range of nitrogen-diluted and oxygen-enriched fuel mixtures, including hydrogen, ethylene, propane and methane. Original data is from Lunn [2] as further evaluated by Thomas [3].

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fuel Ratio

Nitrogen Diluted Oxygen Enriched

HydrogenEthylenePropaneMethaneEquation

ME

SG

(Dilu

ted)

/ME

SG

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.50

MESGDiluted 1—————— = ———————

MESGC(T) (FuelRatio)1.938

FuelRatio = ————————————————yF + 4.76 • S • yF + yN 2

– 3.76 • yO2

yF + 4.76 • S • yF

Figure B.2.1 MESG Ratio vs Fuel Ratio

Example 2: Ammonia is produced from methane where the synthesis gas stream is constrained to be 25 vol% hydrogen and 75 vol% nitrogen.

Question: What is the appropriate NEC Division Group to use for the mixture?

Solution: Since there is only one combustible component, the pure component values are taken directly from Table B.1. From the example statement the total mole fraction of combustible components, yF, is 0.25. The stoichiometric oxy-gen to fuel ratio, S, for hydrogen is 0.5. The fuel ratio is calculated as:

FuelRatio = + ⋅ ⋅+ ⋅ ⋅ + −

0 25 4 76 0 5 0 250 25 4 76 0 5 0 25 0 75 3

. ( . . . ). ( . . . ) . ( .. )

.76 0

0 53⋅

=

497-48

Report on Proposals F2011 — Copyright, NFPA NFPA 497Committee Statement: The Committee accepted an edited version of the submitter’s recommendation with added subheadings, additional text regarding acetylene mixtures, and an additional reference for the paper presented at the AIChE 44th Loss Prevention Symposium in March 2010. The Committee thanks the submitter for his work on the revision to existing Annex B. Number Eligible to Vote: 18 Ballot Results: Affirmative: 16 Abstain: 1Ballot Not Returned: 1 Lapp, B.Explanation of Abstention: DRISCOLL, M.: After reviewing the proposed changes and comments I don’t feel I have the necessary background to make a fully informed decision on this matter - I will ensure I am at future meetings to get adequate background on these types of matters.

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