©2011 Cengage Learning. Chapter 6 ©2011 Cengage Learning REGIONAL AND COMMUNITY ANALYSIS.
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Transcript of ©2011 Cengage Learning. Chapter 6 ©2011 Cengage Learning REGIONAL AND COMMUNITY ANALYSIS.
©2011 Cengage Learning
Chapter 6
©2011 Cengage Learning
REGIONAL AND COMMUNITY ANALYSIS
The Origins of CommunitiesEconomic activity is the foundation for
communities todayEconomic activity has a major effect on the
choice of location
©2011 Cengage Learning
Commercial influence results in three types of citiesThe central city: performs a variety of services
for the surrounding area.The transportation service city: provides
services along transportation routes including transportation nodes (locations) such as “break cargo” points.
Special function cities: mining, government, retirement, and others.
©2011 Cengage Learning
Reasons for community originsBreak-cargoReligious centerRetirementPoliticalResource extraction
ManufacturingEntertainmentEducationTransport serviceCentral city
©2011 Cengage Learning
Few communities are self-sufficient & must:
Pay for the imported goodsExport goodsEarn moneyUse the money to buy needed imports
©2011 Cengage Learning
All companies and their employees are separated into two broad categories
Basic industries or basic employment
Local or secondary industries and employment
©2011 Cengage Learning
Economic change is certain:Communities need to change
with new market conditionsNew jobs are required for the
economic health of a community
©2011 Cengage Learning
Changes in the economy include:Technology
Population Demographics
Availability of Resources
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Communities compete to attract businesses & may leave communities that are:
High-cost
High-tax
Not business friendly
©2011 Cengage Learning
Businesses may move into communities that are:
Low-cost
Low-tax
Business friendly
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Community GoalsEach community or region should consider its
economic futureDecisions include to:
declinehold stablegrow
©2011 Cengage Learning
©2011 Cengage Learning
©2011 Cengage Learning
©2011 Cengage Learning
How to Study a CommunitySupply and demand factors have been
traditionally used.Supply factors include an inventory of
existing structures and their size, price, age and condition.
Demand factors include population, both in total numbers and by age, education, and income.
Important long-term influence on a community’s population and employment is its basic or export employment.
©2011 Cengage Learning
How to Study A CommunityTraditional Community Analysis Basic Employment Reviewed
©2011 Cengage Learning
Regional Economic StudiesEconomic Base StudyInput-Output StudyGate keeping syndrome
©2011 Cengage Learning
There is a tremendous variety of source material available for persons wishing to understand a community.
United States Census BureauRegional and local planning agenciesState Board of Equalization (sales tax) Chamber of CommerceLocal and regional business publicationUtility companiesColleges and universities
©2011 Cengage Learning
