Materials provided by the US Coast Guard and presented by the

Ottawa County Sheriff ’s Office Marine division. Presentation created by Deputy D. Peters, #909 (2010)

• The mission of the USCG Recreational Boating Safety program is to minimize the loss of life, personal injury, property damage and environmental impact. (pg. 1)

• This is done through preventative means in order to maximize safe use and enjoyment of our waterways.

• We do this through voluntary compliance with federal, state and local boating laws. This accomplishes the awareness of safety issues with boaters through one on one contact with the examiners.

• (HINT: Text in White are test question answers.)

• VSCs are generally done on recreational vessels 65 feet and under.

• A VSC can only be done with the voluntary consent of the boat owner or operator and they must be present during at the time of the examination.

• VSCs are NOT a law enforcement action. No safety violation citations can result from a VSC.

• However, a VSC decal DOES NOT circumvent the right of any federal, state or local LEO to verify the presence and condition of safety equipment (I.E. personal floatation devices/fire extinguishers)

• Boat: a vessel propelled by hand, sail or engine <65’.

• Boat Operator: the person driving the boat/behind the helm.

• Certification: Mfg. statement that vessel complies with all USCG safety and manufacturer standards.

• USCG: Dept. of Homeland Security maritime force patrolling the waters of the US as a federal law enforcement/boater safety agency.

• USCG Auxiliary: Civilian volunteer component. Has no LEO authority. Primary mission is boater safety.

• Inspected Vessel: A vessel required by USCG to be inspected to operate on/in US waters. This includes vessels that carry 7+ passengers for hire.

• Immediately Available: Close at hand. To be instantly ready (without delay) for easy use. (pg 2)

• Readily Accessible: A safety item that can be obtained and used quickly.

• Coastal Waters: The waters of the Great Lakes on the US side of international boundaries AND internal waters of the US directly connected to the Great Lakes where the entrance exceeds two nautical miles between opposite shorelines to the point where the distance between the shorelines narrows to less then two nautical miles.

• Inland Waters: Navigable waters of the US shoreward of the COLREGS Demarcation Lines, as defined in the Nav Rules.

• A Vessel Examiner is: (pg 3)

• A trained and qualified boating safety volunteer, or employee, who has been certified by the appropriate representative from their respective organization.

• A public representative of the USCG Auxiliary Vessel Safety Check program with NO LEO authority.

• In our case, as LEOs, when conducting a voluntary VSC, we are NOT acting as an LEO in a capacity where we’d issue a citation for being in violation of any laws regarding safety equipment, etc. and cannot use information gleaned from a VSC against the boat operator “later in the day” when we see them out for a cruise.

• A VSC is:

• A voluntary check of vessel compliance with federal and state laws.

• An authorized boating safety activity, part of the USCG’s recreational boater safety mission.

• An opportunity for boater safety education.

• A courtesy check of safety equipment carried/installed on a boat and its general condition.

• Endorsed by the USCG, state boating authorities and recreational boating organizations.

• It reaches a large number of boaters and is uniform in its standards throughout the nation, except for individual state requirements.

• Generally, any recreational vessel, if requested by the owner/operator.

• NOTE: A vessel examiner is prohibited from performing a VSC on any boat that they have an ownership interest in.

• Boats >65’ can be examined and awarded a VSC decal if it is a recreational vessel and passes the inspection.

• Sailboats with mechanical power must meet the same requirements as powerboats.

• Sport and Utility Boats (SUBS) such as canoes, kayaks, “jon boats” and PWCs deserve special interest because of the accident rate of this group of boaters. This program encourages the examiner to include them. SUBS boats do not need to be registered to be awarded a VSC decal.

• (HINT: What was it I said white text stands for? Test question answers. There are SEVERAL test answers in this one bullet point.)

• Boats owned by federal, state or local government agencies are public vessels and may be exempt from USCG inspection requirements. Certain boats owned by these agencies may be examined and awarded a VSC decal IF all the requirements in this manual are met.

• An experienced Vessel Examiner is to be assigned to inspect these boats IF they are under 65’ and:

• Government owned recreational boats…or non-recreational boats (I.E. as patrol vessels.)

• The boat is of a construction and design similar to that commonly found in recreational vessels.

• The request is made by an authorized agent of the agency involved.

• To be eligible for a VSC: (pg 4)

• It must be fully inflated at the time of the examination.

• It must have a minimum of 3 separate air chambers that are not interconnected.

• Must have an installed, rigid transom. A strap-on motor mount is NOT sufficient.

• Vessel registration numbers must be properly displayed and firmly attached.

• All other VSC requirements must be met, as applicable.

• Some vessels (I.E. surface effect craft, sailboards) cannot meet VSC requirements for a decal.

• In certain situations, it is permissible to conduct a VSC even though a decal will not be awarded.

• In these cases, providing educational information to the boater becomes the focus of the exchange.

10

• A VSC may not be performed on the following:

• An experimental/unproven craft.

• Work boats (I.E. tugs, ice breakers, dredges, etc.)

• Submersibles, amphibious vehicles, inflatable emergency life rafts or surface effect machines.

• An unmanned water ski towing craft and motorized surfboards.

• Vessels registered in foreign nations.

USA ONLY

• The VSC is limited to:

• Certain aspects of the general condition and certain equipment carried or installed on the boat.

• It must not extend into areas beyond those included and identified in the manual.

• We do not make exact measurements to determine the vessel’s size. Use length listed on the registration.

• The VSC is not intended to ferret out dry rot not readily apparent to the eye. Note: Areas that are readily apparent and do not require probing or disassembly DO FALL within the scope of the VSC. (I.E. deteriorated fasteners, wasted fittings, defective hoses, deteriorated connections, loosened planks, etc.)

• Will a VSC ever include the following:

• Admeasurements (I.E. determining the actual length of the vessel.)

• Alignment check of shafting or motor mounts.

• Calibration of sounding devices for water speed indicators.

• Calibration of electronic devices.

• Compass adjustments and construction of deviation tables.

• Calibration check or construction of rpm speed tables.

• In the event that a boater asks you about any boat recalls, or other manufacturer defect notice…

• They can obtain information by called the USCG Customer Info line at 800-368-5647 or visiting the website at www.uscgboater.org

• A safety defect is simply a design or performance discrepancy which creates substantial risk of injury.

• Noncompliance is the failure of the manufacturer.

•(pg 5)

• USCG personnel are encouraged to cooperate to the fullest extent with all providers of VSC programs.

• USCG is to promote boating safety and have good relations with entities involved in the VSC program.

• USCG is to work closely with state and local law enforcement to have an effective VSC program.

• This will provide a substantial pool resources for the collective knowledge of federal, state and local laws as well as conservation law.

• Remember that when a vessel displays a VSC decal for the current year:

• All that really means is that on that day of the inspection and award of the decal, that the particular vessel met all the criteria to pass a VSC inspection by having all the proper safety equipment on board.

• A VSC decal is not a “get out of jail free” card.

• Obvious violations, unsafe practices observed, and boarding for random law enforcement inspection programs do not exclude boats with a VSC decal.

• He knows I do VSCs in Michigan and wants me to look at his boat while I am down visiting…what do I do?

• Vessel Examiners may perform VSCs on boats anywhere in the 50 states and its territories.

• Just contact the local Auxiliary or Power Squadron to familiarize yourself with local conditions and plans so you can coordinate your efforts with those of the District in which you are visiting.

• You will once you complete this course and pass both a written test (with 51 out of 56 questions correct…90%) and satisfactorily demonstrate the practical next week at Yacht Basin Marina at 12:00pm.

• To remain certified, you have to complete at least 5 VSCs annually. Note: The ones you complete in the practical do not count towards your 5.

• If any examiner fails to perform the annual certfication of 5 VSCs, they must complete 2 satisfactory VSCs under certified supervision to regain their certification. Then you must complete 5 additional VSCs to retain your certificaiton. (pg 6)

• The fundamental principal of the VSC is that no law enforcement action will be taken if violations of boating safety laws are discovered during the VSC, nor will a report of any violation be made to any law enforcement agency. So just don’t tell yourself. ;-)

• If an Auxiliary or Power Squadron member is a member of a LE agency, even in an off-duty status, they cannot perform VSCs within waters of their jurisdiction to avoid the appearance of a “conflict of interest.”

• Obviously we are LEOs and we are doing VSCs. Just remember that it is not an LE action and no legal action can result from a VSC with respect to boater safety laws.

• The basic philosophy of the VSC program is to foster high standards of boating safety in an atmosphere of good will. (pg 7)

• Get out and meet the boating public.

• Always take the opportunity to provide boating safety information to the boater even if it is obvious that their boat will not meet the decal requirements. Do not ignore or pass it over. Education time is at hand.

• Encourage all boat operators/owners to have their vessel checked. And in OUR CASE, make sure they know that this is not a LEO interaction. We offer this as a courtesy to promote boating safety. Its always better to find shortcomings dockside then when underway where LE action can result from them.

• Vessel Examiners should wear the appropriate or prescribed clothing when doing VSCs. In our case, its obviously our marine uniform.

• However, just because you may not be in your uniform, do not turn down the opportunity at boater education and still conduct the VSC.

• What types of instances can you think of where this would apply?

• Family or friends who own boats?

• Someone comes up to you at a marina/dealer when you are in civvies they overhear that you do VSCs/work

for the county marine patrol/etc.?

• How about a boater safety class you teach?

Other instances? 20

• There are a lot of reference materials available to assist the boater (and the vessel examiner) with regard to boating safety and VSCs. Federal, state and local laws and boating tips, boating safety courses and materials, etc.

• A VSC is simply a check of equipment and general knowledge. Its is NOT a complete survey of the boat and the owner/operator’s boating knowledge.

• By accepting and displaying the VSC decal, the boater is agreeing to maintain the boat/equipment to the safety standards of the VSC.

• If ownership changes, the VSC does NOT transfer. The owner is required to remove the VSC decal and recommend to the new owner that they contact a VSC examiner to schedule their own VSC inspection.

• It’s the operators responsibility to be aware of the nav rules and how to apply them. This includes speed limits and right of way. (pg. 8)

• Regardless of right of way, small boats are advised to stay clear of larger ones…stand on vessel or not.

• Its illegal to moor/tie off to any buoy, day beacon or other nav aide owned and operated by the government. Can only tie to mooring buoys.

• Automobile parts are NOT acceptable replacement parts for marine parts. They are not designed for the marine environment.

• PUT ON YOUR PFD and STAY WITH THE BOAT if the boat floods or overturns.

• Boaters are REQUIRED to stop and render aid, if at all possible without placing themselves or their vessel in unreasonable harms way, if they witness, cause, or come upon an accident/incident.

• They must report to the USCG or local authorities any accident/incident that results in:

• Death or serious injury requiring medical treatment beyond basic first aide.

•Damage to a vessel/property greater then $2,000 or the complete loss of a vessel.

• The disappearance of a person(s) under circumstances that indicate death or injury.

• The owner/operator of the vessel must be present during the inspection. The vessel may be in or out of the water. If it is in the water, it needs to be afloat safely at normal trim and with adequate freeboard (dockside per the manual…but in reality…)

• The vessel examiner will use Form 204 to conduct the VSC…making notes for any deficiencies as you go.

• Once the VSC is complete, discuss the results with the owner/operator of the boat, discussing all deficiencies to be sure the shortcoming are understood. Then have the owner/operator sign the form and give them their copy of it. Remind them that no LE action will result on these deficiencies as a result of the VSC.

• Let them know that if they can remedy all the failed items within 24 hours, only the failed items will need to be rechecked for the VSC and award of the decal can occur if they all pass. However, a new Form 204 will be required to be completed and submitted with the original one that was signed off as failed.

• If they cannot get the identified items replaced/repairs/purchased within 24 hours, a complete VSC will be required before the decal can be awarded…not just the failed items.

• If the vessel passed on the initial VSC, the decal can be awarded and the Vessel Examiner must witness the proper placement and installation of the decal by the boat owner/operator.

• The Left Side

Items are

REQUIRED

• The Right Side

Items are

Recommended

(pg 9)

• Display of Numbers

• Registration/Documentation

• Personal Floatation Devices (PFD)

• Visual Distress Signals (VSD)

• Fire Extinguishers

• Ventilation

• Backfire Flame Control

• Sound Producing Devices

• Navigation Lights

• Pollution Placard

• MARPOL Trash Placard

• Marine Sanitation Devices (MSD)

• Navigation Rules

• State/Local Requirements

• Overall Vessel Condition:

• Deck Free of Hazards/Clean Bilge

• Electrical/Fuel Systems

• Galley/Heating Systems

• Marine Radio

• Dewatering Devices

• Mounted Fire Extinguishers

• Anchor & Line for Area

• First Aid & Person In Water (PIW) Kits

• Inland Distress Signals

• Capacity/Certificate of Compliance

• Discussion items of: • Accident Reporting

• Offshore Operations

• Nautical Charts/Navigation Aids

• Survival Tips/First aid

• Fueling/Fuel Management

• Float Plan/Weather & Sea Conditions

• Insurance Considerations

• Boating Check List

• Safety Boating Classes

• Maritime Domain Awareness

• The primary purpose of the VSC program is boating safety education.

• Once you start an inspection, continue regardless of finding an item that will result in a fail to award a decal.

• You may discover additional items as you go along that are needing attention.

• When you are finished, you will be able to discuss all of them with the owner/operator. If you had stopped with the first item, the other items would not have been discovered.

• You have completed the inspection, you have found no deficiencies and you’d discussed items on the right side of the form. Its time to award the decal.

• It is the vessel examiners responsibility to ensure that the VSC decal is properly affixed immediately and in your presence.

•Prior to handing over the decal,

please “personalize it” by putting

your initials and OCS XXX

(badge number) on it. The ink may

wear off, but the impression will remain.

Sgt. Koeman has requested we do this. 30

• The location of the decal should be in a place not to interfere or obscure the operators view and be readily visible to authorities while under way.

• Lower forward corner of a portside window or lower corner of the portside windshield.

• If no window is available at that location, it may be affixed to the dashboard or the back of a seat.

• Regardless of which location is best, the decal must be affixed to a permanently installed fixture.

• The decal is only valid for the calendar year printed on it, expiring on December 31st of that year.

• Only one VSC decal is to be displayed at a time. Old ones must be removed (or at least covered over.)

• United State’s Coast Guard Approved Equipment.

• This is applied only to those items of equipment that are required by regulation to be in compliance with USCG specifications. (pg 11)

• These items include:

• Personal Floatation Devices (PFDs.)

• Fire Extinguishers (F/E.)

• Flame Arresters (also UL and SAE approved)

•Visual Distress Signals (VSDs.)

• Marine Sanitation Devices (MSDs.)

•(Type I and II MSD only.)

• Equipment approvals are not arbitrary. They are only issued by the Commandant. They are published in the Federal Register and other publications.

•It will have a specific approval number unique to each item. Items that have had their approval revoked will be identified as “formerly approved equipment.”

• With respect to “antique items” (I.E. Items that have not had their approval of manufacture revoked, but are no longer manufactured) are still acceptable equipment provided they are in good and serviceable condition.

• If you cannot see/read approval markings and identify that it was an approved item, it is not considered as meeting VSC requirements.

• The vessel’s registration number must be permanently affixed to each side of the forward half of the vessel and read from left to right. (pg 11)

• The characters must be of BLOCK letters, not less then 3 inches in height and in a contrasting color to the background hull color clearly visible at 100+ feet.

• A space, or hyphen, equal to the character “M” (I.E. 3 inch space) must be present between the prefix (MC), the number 3717), the suffix (ZW) and the validation sticker. The hyphen would not

extend to the validation sticker.

(Book says “other then ‘I’”)

• Inflatable craft must have their display of number firmly attached to the forward half of the vessel by a method which meets all other criteria and is reasonable.

• A dealer/manufacturer may display the number on a temporary plate firmly attached to each side of the forward half of the vessel. But we don’t typically do VSCs on unowned boats…so this is more of a legal requirement reminder, not so much for a VSC inspection.

• Some vessels have extremely raked bows and proper placement of the numbers would render the numbers invisible/unreadable. In this case, the numbers can be displayed on a permanently attached plate on each side of the forward half of the vessel.

• Registration/Documentation papers must be kept on board and available for inspection. Registered vessels must display both the registration number and the validation decal. (pg. 12)

• If vessel is Documented, in addition to permanent numbers concealed on the hull, it must also have this number permanently affixed on a visible portion of the interior structure. The hailing port (City name and State Abbreviation) and vessel name must be displayed on the exterior hull and in not less then 4 inch high characters and will be on the documents as well.

• A Documented vessel, while still required to have registration numbers issued to it, is only required to display the validation decal.

• A vessel must be registered in its principal state of operation, which need not be the actual address of the owner.

• No certificate of number is transferrable by the original owner to the new owner without first re-registering in that state. The new owner must submit an application for a new registration number.

• The state will issue a temporary certificate of number (valid for only 30 days and not renewable/extendable) and must be carried onboard available for inspection until the permanent certificate is issued by SOS.

• Note: If the owner is under a temporary registration and the vessel otherwise qualifies for a decal to be awarded, issue the VSC decal and advise the owner of the lettering requirements for proper installation once received.

• Certificate of number contains:

• Expiration date.

• Certificate of Number.

• Year/Make/Length of vessel.

•Hull Identification Number (H.I.N.)

• Construction details about vessel.

• Name and address of owner.

• We use the length on the registration as our length for the VSC. In theory its accurate, but some owners are creative in how they register their vessels.

• If you have to determine the length for yourself:

• Measure from end to end, over the deck, excluding sheer. (pg. 13)

• Bowsprits, bumpkins,

rudders, outboard motors,

brackets, attached diving

platforms and similar

equipment are not included

in this measurement.

• However, if swim platform are molded

into the hull, these do count toward the overall length of the vessel.

• Identification of Documented Vessels:

• Owners that chose to document their vessels have their identity established officially with the USCG, who issues the Certificate of Documentation.

• These vessels must be at least 5 net tons.

• The Certificate of Documentation identifies the vessel by its home port, port of documentation, official number, net and gross tonnage and the owner’s name and address. The original Certificate of Documentation must be carried on board at all times and presented for inspection upon request.

Every documented vessel must have an “official number” marked by any permanent method that cannot be obliterated or obscured. The prefix of “NO” will precede the 3 inch block style Arabic numerals. 40

• Exceptions to the registration or registration display requirement are:

• Foreign vessels temporarily using US waters.

• Military and publicly owned vessels…like our patrol boats.

• A Documented vessel (display of registration only.)

• A vessel used exclusively for racing.

• A lifeboat…when used as a lifeboat and not a tender.

• If a documented vessel has a tender powered by a motor with less then 10 hp, used exclusively for direct ship to shore transportation…it can share the registration number of its parent vessel, with a suffix of “1” a prescribed by regulations. ( MC 1234 BV 1 )

•PFDs, also knows as life jackets, come in various types.

• Type I Type II Type III Type IV

• Type V

• Acceptable PFDs must be USCG Approved and in good and serviceable condition. Do the Squeeze test.

• They must be of a suitable type and size for the intended wearer.

• There must be one on board for every occupant onboard the vessel.

• There must be properly fitting PFDs for children.

• All PFDs must be readily accessible. This is defined as being obtained quickly and used easily.

• In addition to the wearable PFDs, all vessels over 16 feet in length must also have a Type 4 (throwable) PFD which must be immediately available. This is defined as being close at hand so as to be instantly ready (without delay) for easy use. (pg. 14)

• PFDs shall NOT be stored in unopened plastic packaging or inaccessible locations.

• With PWC operators, the PFD must be worn.

• While not required, boaters should be encouraged to wear their PFD at all times when away from the dock.

• Sgt. Koeman says he has never pulled a

drowning victim from the water wearing a PFD.

• All recreational vessels must carry one Type I, II, III, or V (wearable's) PFD for each person on board. Type V’s must be worn in accordance to their label to be counted.

• Type III inflatable PFDs are only approved for use on recreational vessels for person 16 yoa and older.

• Water skiers are considered to be “on board the vessel” and must comply with PFD requirements.

• Offshore style.

• Offers greatest amount of buoyancy.

• Designed to turn most unconscious

persons face up and slightly backward.

• Type I’s are suitable for all types of water.

• Considered best when probability of

delayed rescue and/or rough water.

• However, is also the most uncomfortable to wear.

• Near shore style.

• Similar to Type I offshore PFD, but

has less buoyancy overall then the Type I.

• The “righting” action is less pronounced

then the Type I.

• When you think of a “life jacket,” this

is the one most people are thinking of.

• This type is considered for use when there is a probability of quick rescue.

• Inflatable and sport style

• They are essentially nothing more

then a floatation aid.

• They are NOT designed to right a

person that is face down in the water,

but can in some situations.

• WE WEAR Type III inflatable's

on our boats.

• They are the “most” comfortable PFD to wear and that is why you’ll see a lot of these in use. As the saying goes “The best PFD is the one that will be worn.”

• Throwable style.

• Can be a ring, cushion or horseshoe.

• They are designed to be grasped and

held until rescued. In the case of the

horseshoe style, a person can place it under their armpits and use it to float on.

• Recommend that a line be attached to them. You can throw them, but a line enables you to pull the person to you enabling easier rescue.

• ALL vessels in excess of 16 feet are required to have one (1) Type IV PFD immediately available.

• Special Use Device (pg. 15)

• These are intended for special use activities.

• They may be carried in place of another PFD.

• However, for a VSC inspection, if a Type V is

being used in place of another PFD, it must be

worn during the VSC to be considered.

• You are to check it for fit/wear to be certain

•That it is for the intended/implied wearer.

• A Type V work vest is NOT acceptable for use

on recreational vessels.

• There are age requirements for acceptable wearers of Type III inflatable PFDs.

• When checking an inflatable PFD, inspect to be certain there is a full cylinder and all status indicators on the inflator are in the green.

• Check for holes/leaks.

50

• A PFD in a suitable size for each person on board a vessel must be stowed in a readily accessible location.

• Readily accessible means that the PFD must be stowed in a manner so that it can be easily retrieved.

• PFDs must not be stowed in compartments, boxes or lockers under gear which would hinder a person from getting to them in an emergency.

• Storage spaces must not be locked and everyone on board should know where the PFDs are stowed.

What makes up a visual distress signal? Are there day and night differences to consider?

• All vessels 16 feet and over, operating on the high seas and the coastal waters of the US, as defined by Federal regulations, must be equipped with USCG approved visual distress signals (VSDs.) (pg. 16)

• Between the hours of sunset and sunrise ALL boats on both International and Inland Waters, must carry on board a means of distress signaling suitable for use at night.

• Operating on the coastal waters of the Great Lakes, the required VSDs are either:

• 3 day and 3 night pyrotechnic devices …or…

• One day non-pyrotechnic device (flag) and one night non-pyrotechnic (auto SOS light) …or…

• a combination of the other two.

• Vessels under 16 feet only need a night signal device when out after sunset.

Description Use No. Req.

Floating Orange Smoke DAY 3

Handheld Orange Smoke DAY 3

Orange Flag DAY 1

Electric Distress (SOS) Light NIGHT 1

Handheld Flare DAY/NIGHT 3

Pistol Parachute Red Flare DAY/NIGHT 3

Handheld Parachute Red Flare DAY/NIGHT 3

Red Aerial Pyrotechnic Flare DAY/NIGHT 3

Signal Mirror/Waving Arms/Etc. DAY

• Vessels participating in any organized marine parade, regatta, race or similar event.

• A manually propelled boat.

• A Sailboat under 26 feet and of completely open construction and not equipped with propulsion machinery.

• VSDs must be properly stowed and readily available.

• Ensure pyrotechnic devices are properly sealed with wrappings intact to prevent moisture damage.

• Manufacture and/or expiration dates must be legible and meet decal requirements.

• Each VSD on board must be in serviceable condition with the date marked on it current.

• For a signal to be considered current, its date must be no more then 42 months from date of manufacture.

• After 42 months, they are then considered expired and no longer meet the decal requirements. However, expired VSDs may be retained as additional backup.

• NO Visual Distress Signal shall be activated except under a situation where assistance is needed because of immediate or potential danger to the vessel or the persons on board.

•At NO time should a VSD be test fired as part of the VSC examination.

• USCG approved Fire Extinguishers (F/E) are

•required if one of the following conditions exists:

• Inboard Engine(s). (pg. 17)

• Double bottom hulls not completely sealed or

filled with floatation materials.

• Closed living space.

• Closed stowage compartments that contain flammable material(s).

• Permanently installed fuel tanks.

• Vessels under 26 feet and propelled by outboard motors are NOT required to have F/E unless one or more of the above points apply.

• All F/E are required to be readily available and in serviceable condition.

• F/E are classified by a letter and number symbol.

• B is the letter. These are designed to extinguish flammable liquids … the greatest fire hazard on a boat.

• The number indicates the relative size of the F/E.

• Identification can be made by locating the following marking “Marine Type US Coast Guard approved, Size ___, Type ___, 162.028/___.”

• USCG approved F/E are hand portable and have specific marine type mounting brackets.

• If the boat is equipped by a fire suppression system, that counts as one (1) F/E.

• Does everyone understand the letter classifications of fire extinguishers and the types of fires they extinguish?

• Hand portable Fire Extinguisher requirements:

• What’s a B-I and a B-II fire extinguisher anyway?

60

• Installed vs. portable fuel tanks:

• There is no gallon capacity limit on what is defined as portable. However, the USCG considers a tank too heavy to be moved by persons onboard to be permanently installed.

• F/E needs to checked monthly to ensure that:

• Seals/tamper indicators are not broken or missing.

• Pressure gauges or indicators read in the operable range. Note: CO2 F/E do not have pressure gauges.

• No obvious damage/corrosion/leakage or nozzle clogs.

• CO2/HALON must be weighed and inspected annually to comply with VSC decal requirements.

•REMEMBER: (pg. 18)

•F/E on vessel must be “Marine Type USCG approved.”

• A fixed fire suppression system will reduce the number of required portable extinguishers by one (1).

• Boats shall carry at least the minimum number of portable fire extinguishers required.

• The exception being:

• Boats less then 26 feet with outboard motors and portable fuel cans and not carrying passengers for hire, need not carry such portable fire extinguishers if the construction of the boat will not permit the entrapment of explosive or flammable gases or vapors.

• BE SURE THEY KNOW:

• How to use a fire extinguisher.

• P.A.S.S. (Pull/Aim/Squeeze/Sweep)

• What hazards are associated with firing a fire.

• CO2/HALON remove oxygen from room.

• Water and electricity don’t mix.

• Fumes/smoke from burning wood/plastic are toxic.

• Systems are designed to operate without your input.

• Dry chemical agents are as fine as baby powder. They pancake down and are unusable in this condition. At least once a month, turn the upside down and agitate the chemical to keep it loose in the cylinder.

• Boats manufactured after 1 Aug 80,

with gasoline engines in closed

compartments must have powered

ventilation systems.

• Prior to that date, they must have

either natural or power ventilation systems in place.

• Boats with closed fuel tank compartments, built after 1 Aug. 78, must meet requirements by displaying a “certificate of compliance.”

• Again, prior to that date, they must

have natural or power ventilation

systems in the fuel compartment.

• All boats using gasoline for electric generation or mechanical power/propulsion are required to have a ventilation system. (pg. 19)

• Powered systems use a blower to force air through the compartment and out the vent.

• The ducts need to be in the lower 1/3 of the compartment and above the line of normal accumulation of bilge water.

• A Natural ventilation system is required for each closed compartment that:

• Contains a permanently installed engine/fuel tank with an electrical component that is non-ignition protected.

• Has openings between it and a compartment that requires ventilation.

• Open boats (like our patrol boats) dissipate vapors through exposure to the open atmosphere. They are exempt from ventilation requirements.

• Open boats are defined as motorboats/vessels with all engine/fuel tank compartments that are open to the atmosphere, preventing the entrapment of flammable gases and vapors within the vessel.

• Boats built before 1 Aug 80 and after 25 Apr 40 fall under the Motorboat Act of 1940.

•This Act require all vessels other then open boats that use fuel with a flashpoint of 110 degrees F or less (gas) to have at least one (1) intake cowl and duct extending from the atmosphere to a point at least midway to the bilge or below the carburetor and one (1) exhaust cowl and duct from the atmosphere to the lower portion of the bilge in every closed engine and fuel tank compartment.

• Boats built prior to 1 Aug 80 have no federal regulations dictating the minimum size of the ducting.

• Generally, 2 inches in diameter is the accepted minimum dimension.

• Boat built after 31 Jul 80 are required to have operable power ventilation IN ADDITION to natural ventilation in closed compartments having gasoline engines for propulsion, electrical generation or mechanical power. (pg. 20)

• A warning label for the blower MUST be mounted near each ignition switch.

• On boats built after 31 Jul 80, ducting must be 2 inches in diameter. The manufacturer’s Certification of Compliance label is proof of this standard provided the system does not appear to be altered.

•Amendments:

• Boats built before 06 Mar 87:

• Must have intake cowls facing forward and exhaust cowls facing aft.

• However, testing revealed that the natural flow of air over the deck, is from the stern forward, even when underway or headed upwind.

• As a result, an amendment to the ventilation standard removed the requirement of forward facing supply openings on boats built on or after 6 Mar 87.

•

• Fuel Tank Compartments:

• There is no requirement for ventilation of the permanent fuel tank compartment as long as there is no electrical source of ignition in the compartment and the fuel tank is vented to the outside of the boat.

• Fuel compartments that do not meet this criteria must have proper ventilation.

• Any compartment containing portable fuel tanks (including those fixed to portable generators, trolling motors, etc.) MUST be properly vented regardless of manufacture date.

• This could be natural ventilation or have sufficient compartment space open to the atmosphere.

• No ventilation requirement for spaces not containing engine or fuel tanks and that are closed off by bulkheads from other compartments that need ventilation.

• Bulkheads are allowed to have small limber holes to allow the passage of bilge water.

• The owner/operator is responsible for the proper installation and maintenance of the ventilation system on boats built prior to 1 Aug 80.

• The owner/operator is just responsible for the maintenance of the manufacturer installed system on boats built after 31 Jul 80.

• If maintenance requires the replacement of the blower, it must not be replaced with one smaller then the

original specification.

• Before 1 Aug 80:

• Required to have one (1) intake and one (1) exhaust.

• No federal regulations on size, but general rule is 2”

• Owner/Operator must install/maintain blower system.

• After 31 Jul 80:

• Must have both power and natural ventilation.

• 2 inch dimension becomes required standard.

• Certificate of Compliance is adequate proof.

• Owner/Operator must maintain system to original standards.

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• Look into compartments/spaces. Have owner open. • Check for odors/leaks. Any evidence of leaks is unacceptable. (pg. 21) • Check both intake and exhaust of all vent ports for both installation and function. Have owner turn system on. Place hand by intakes and exhausts to verify air flow. Ensure no blockages/obstructions. • Check for Certificate of Compliance for boats after 31 Jul 80. • Check all boats built on/before 1 Aug 78 have closed fuel compartments with either natural or powered ventilation. • Check that boats with closed engine compartments built before 1 Aug. 80 have either natural or powered ventilation. • Boats built on/after 1 Aug 80 must have powered ventilation.

• Every boat built after 25 Apr 40,

except outboard motors, must

be equipped with an acceptable

means of backfire flame control.

• Fuel injected engines also

require a backfire flame arrester over the air intake to prevent exhaust valves from backfiring into the air

chamber which might cause a fire or explosion.

• The device must be suitably attached to the air intake with a flame-tight connection. It must be USCG/SAE or UL approved and marked accordingly.

USCG Approved 162.042XX or 162.015, SAE J-1928, or UL 1111

• Attachments to the carburetor or the engine air induction system shall be of metallic construction with flame-tight connection, firmly secured to withstand vibration, shock and engine backfire so that any engine backfire flames will be dispersed to the atmosphere outside the boat. They shall remain in good and serviceable condition.

• Fuel injected engines still require a backfire flame arrester over the air intake. REASON: There are exhaust valves that can allow a backfire into the air chamber to cause a fire or explosion.

• Make sure the flame arrester is properly installed, undamaged and clean of oil/other foreign matter. (pg. 22)

• Look for and verify the approval number/agency.

• Verify it is in fact a backfire flame arrester and not an automotive air filter.

• To comply with the Nav rules for distress

signaling, all boats must carry a

sound producing device capable of a 4

second blast audible for ½ mile.

• Whistle (not an athletic whistle for >39.4’),

horn, siren, sports air horn, etc.

• Also, boats over 39.4 feet are also

required to have a bell, but bell does not have to be mounted to qualify, just readily accessible.

• These devices are also used for other circumstances like meeting, passing, overtaking, periods of reduced

visibility. (pg. 22)

• All boats must be able to display nav

lights between sunset and sunset, as well

as conditions of reduced visibility. (pg 22)

• Boats 16 feet and larger must have

properly installed and working nav

lights and an all-around white anchor

light capable of being lit independently

from the red/green/white “running” lights.

• Vessels lit per International Rules may be legally operated in Inland waters as well as International

waters.

•Vessels lit per Inland waterway rules are only legal on Inland waterways of the US.

• How do I identify the various lights?

• Masthead Light:

• A white light placed over the fore and aft centerline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees.

• Exception: Vessels under 39.4 feet may display a what is called an “all-around white light.”

• Sidelight:

• The green light on the starboard side of the vessel.

• The red light on the port side of the vessel.

• Each light shows an unbroken light of 112.5 degrees.

• Exception: Vessels less then 65 feet may have the sidelights combined into a light referred to as a “combination light.”

• Sternlight:

• The sternlight is a white light place as nearly as possible to the centerline on the stern of the vessel showing an unbroken arc of 135 degrees.

•Again, on boats smaller then 39.4

feet, an “all around white light” can

be displayed.

• Towing light:

• A yellow light having the same characteristics as a sternlight defined above. (pg. 23)

• All around white light:

• A light showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 360 degrees.

•Special Flashing Light:

• A yellow light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency of 50-70 fpm, placed as far forward on the centerline of the tow (being pushed ahead) and showing an unbroken arc of not less then 180/more then 225 dgrees.

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• Power driven vessels under 65 feet long must display the following:

• Vessels less then 39.4 feet should display the following:

• Power driven vessels under 23 feet and with a max speed of 7 kts may exhibit an all around white light. Side lights should be displayed if practicable in International Waters.

• The masthead, or all around white light, on power vessels under 39.4 feet must be at least 1 meter (39 inches) above the red/green sidelights.

• Sailing vessels under 65 feet and vessels with oars will exhibit the following:

• Sailing vessels

less then 23

feet may carry

an electric

torch/lighted

lantern that

should be

displayed in

adequate time

to prevent

collision.

• To alert other vessels of conditions which may be hazardous, the following lights (night)

and shapes (day) are required to be

Displayed (pg. 24):

• Vessels at anchor shall exhibit forward

where best seen a ball shape.

• Vessels under 23 feet are not required to display anchor lights or day shapes unless in a narrow channel, fairway, anchorage or where other vessels normally navigate.

• Anchor lights and day shapes are not required on vessels under 65 feet when anchored in special anchorages.

• Sailing vessels under power must exhibit forward where best seen, a conical shape with the apex pointing downward

• Sailing vessels under 39.4 feet are not required to exhibit the day shapes in Inland waters.

• At night, these vessels are considered to be power driven and must display lights for powered vessels.

• Other vessels that have restricted maneuverability must also display day shapes or lights.

• Vessels involved with diving activities must display the proper dive flag and proper day or night indicators.

Alpha Flag

• The vessel examiner must be knowledgeable of nav lighting rules.

• Verify the proper installation and operation of the boat’s nav lights.

• Cracked/discolored lenses, inoperative lights or improper configurations must be corrected before a decal is awarded.

• Remember that boats 16 feet or smaller are not required to have installed nav lights, but if they do, they must meet installation and operation requirements.

• Ensure that all installed nav lights display an unbroken light through the prescribed arcs of visibility.

• All around white lights may not be obstructed by more then 6 degrees by items such as collapsable canopies, bimini tops, masts, jackstaffs, trolling motors, etc.

• Ensure that boats 16 feet or longer are able to display proper nav lights during hours of night. They should be able to display both underway and anchor lights. The switches must be capable of turning off the nav lights when the anchor light is on.

• The Federal Water Pollution Control Act prohibits the discharge of oil or hazardous substances which may be harmful into US navigable waters. (pg. 25)

• This Act was preceded by the Refuse Act of 1898.

• Vessels over 26 feet must display a placard, at least 5”x8”, made of durable material, fixed in a conspicuous place in the machinery spaces or at the bilge pump control station stating:

• All vessels with propulsion machinery must have the ability to retain oil mixtures on board.

• A fixed or portable means to discharge the oily waste to a reception facility is required.

• A bucket or bailer qualifies for the portable method.

• If any discharge of oil or other hazardous substances into the water has occurred, the USCG must be notified immediately by contacting the National Response Center.

• The Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships (MARPOL ANNEX V) places limitations on the discharge of garbage from vessels.

• It is illegal to dump plastic trash anywhere in the ocean or navigable waters of the US.

• It is also illegal to discharge garbage in the navigable waters of the US, including the

Great Lakes.

• The discharge of other types of

garbage is permitted outside the

specific distances offshore based

on the nature of that garbage.

• On 31 May 90, the USCG amended the garbage pollution regulations by adding waste management plans and placard requirements for certain US ships.

• US vessels over 26 feet must display in a prominent location, a durable placard at least 4”x9” notifying the crew and passengers of the discharge restrictions.

• US oceangoing vessels over 40 feet, which are engaged in commerce or are equipped with a galley and berths must have a written trash management plan describing procedures for the collection, processing, storage and disposal of garbage and specifying who the responsible party is for the enactment of the written plan.

• Recreational vessels used exclusively in the Great Lakes may use the Annex V placards or a specifically developed placard that prohibits the dumping of garbage and that is visible to all passengers. Multiple copies should be on board if necessary.

•The trash placard is not required on inland lakes and sole state waters.

• Remind boaters that, placard or written plan or not, this law applies to everyone. 90

• All recreational vessels with installed toilet

facilities MUST have an operable marine

sanitation device (MSD) on board. (pg. 26)

• All devices must be USCG approved.

•Vessels under 65 feet may install a Type I, II

or III MSD.

• Vessels over 65 feet must install a Type II or

III MSD.

• Type I and II devices have the ability to discharge overboard.

• Type III devices re-circulate waste. They are discharged at a pump out station or offshore in a legal dumping area.

• No vessels is not allowed to discharge sewage overboard in a No-discharge area.

• Type I and II flow-through MSD must be adequately secured while the vessel is in a No- discharge area to prevent any overboard discharge of treated or untreated sewage.

• Acceptable methods include:

• Closing the seacock and padlocking it using a non-reusable wire-tie or removing the seacock handle.

• Or you can simply lock the door to the head with the owner/operator in possession of the key.

• A combination of switches that have to be pressed simultaneously.

• Switches that can only be turned on after inserting a key.

• Portable Toilets:

• They are not considered installed devices and are, therefore, not subject to the regulations.

• However, no discharge rules still apply.

• The Navigation Rules establishes actions to be taken by vessels to avoid collision…aka…rules of the road.

• The owner/operator of each self propelled vessel 39.4 feet and larger are required to carry on board and

maintain for ready reference a complete copy of the Navigation Rules.

• This copy must be the most

current edition.

• For the award of a VSC decal, in addition to the federal requirements, all state requirements must also be met for the state that the vessel is being examined in.

• While some states may require liability insurance, license restrictions, or specific activity equipment, only equipment directly related to vessel safety or items on the VSC checklist will be considered.

• The vessel must have a safe overall condition in order to meet the requirement for the VSC decal.

•These areas include, but are not limited to:

• Deck free of hazards and clean bilge. (pg. 27)

• Must be free of fire hazards.

• The boat must be in good overall condition.

•The bilges must be reasonably clean.

• The visible hull & structure generally sound.

• Marine parts only…NO automotive parts used on the engine.

• Engine horsepower cannot exceed that shown on the capacity plate.

• Electrical and Fuel systems:

• The electrical system must be protected by fuses or manual reset circuit breakers.

• Switches and fuse panels must be protected from rain or water spray.

• Batteries must be secured and terminals covered to prevent accidental arcing.

• A self-circling, or kill switch mechanism, must be in proper working order, if installed.

• All PWCs require one of these.

• Portable fuel tanks (7 gal or less) must be constructed of a non-breakable material, free of corrosion and

leaks, all vents capable of being closed and the tank must be secured and have a vapor tight leak proof cap.

• Galley and Heating systems:

• Systems and fuel tanks must be properly secured with no flammable materials nearby.

• Adequate ventilation provided for all appliances and their fuel source.

• Appliance shut off valves readily accessible and in good working order.

• That’s the left side of Form 204…the required items.

• Up to this point, everything we’ve discussed has been required items that must be present and in good and serviceable condition to receive a VSC decal. (pg. 29)

• The following items are recommended, but are not required to receive the VSC decal in most states.

• Some states have made these items mandatory. In those states, failure to comply with these items would

result in failure to award the VSC decal.

•Meeting these recommendations reflects the boater’s concern for boating safety, but especially in the states

where these remain recommendations.

• Marine radios come in “base” and portable

styles.

• Most vessels under 65 feet do not have to carry a marine radio.

• While operators of vessels under 65 feet that carry a marine radio are not required to be licensed, they must

follow the rules, procedures and courtesies of operators licensed under the Federal Communications

Commission (FCC).

100

• If a marine radio is equipped with digital selective calling, a maritime mobile service identity is required

to be obtained from the FCC.

• Vessels required to be FCC licensed include:

• Power driven vessels over 65 feet;

• Vessels used for commercial purposes;

• and

• Any vessel, including a recreational vessel on an international voyage or communicating with a foreign

station from US waters.

• If a vessel is equipped with a marine radio, they are required to maintain watch on Channel 16 whenever

the radio is operating and not being used for communications.

• Depending on the District, some vessels may be designated to maintain a watch on VHF Channel 9, the

boater calling channel.

• Commercial vessels (including fishing vessels) must maintain a watch on Channel 16 while underway

whenever the radio is not being used for communication.

• Distress calls:

• It is unlawful to intentionally transmit a false distress alert, or to intentionally transmit a false distress alert without taking steps to cancel that alert.

• Channel 16 (Channel 9 in some areas), is the designated emergency hailing and distress channel.

• Since all boaters are to monitor Channel 16, it is permissible for boaters may hail other boaters on these channels but then immediately take their traffic to another channel.

• Channel 16’s primary purpose is to communicate distress calls on a standardized channel that is required to be monitored.

• Distress calls are typically called “MAYDAY” calls. These are for dire distress, not simply because you ran out of fuel.

• MAYDAY calls are typically structured for clear understand. An example of a proper distress call is:

“MAYDAY – MAYDAY – MAYDAY – This is vessel (name of vessel) located at (give location).

(Describe situation) OVER.”

• This is repeated multiple times, allowing breaks in-between to enable replies from neighboring vessels and emergency responders.

• Once communication is established, further information can be gathered and relayed to emergency responders and neighboring vessels.

• This is built on common sense. Not only may the boater find themselves in an emergency situation, but

they may encounter other vessels in need.

• Most boats will have a mechanical means

•of dewatering a vessel in the form of

a bilge pump. (pg. 30)

• However, what if that system fails…or another vessel is in need of assistance..what then?

• Carrying a bucket or similar device is a common sense backup even for a vessel like a pontoon boat that

doesn’t have any compartments that can flood.

•While it is not required to mount fire extinguishers, it is recommended that they be mounted in a readily

visible and consistent location known to all aboard.

• Anchoring is done for two principal reasons:

• to stop for fishing, meals, swimming, overnight stay

• to keep the boat from running aground or into danger

• Anchoring can be a simple task when following these guidelines:

• Boat is equipped with the proper type/size anchor.

•There is a 3 to 6 foot section of galvanized chain attached directly to the anchor. The chain resists

abrasion against rocks, etc. better then rope.

• There is a adequate amount of nylon line attached to the anchor chain to allow for water depth, current,

drag, surface conditions, etc. (5 to 7 times the depth of the water to be anchored in is generally satisfactory.)

• Be aware of best place to anchor to get out of the way of traffic or unfavorable

weather conditions.

• Make sure they understand

about “weather veining.”

• Water is a fluid environment and bumps and bruises are common occurrences, especially once drinking becomes a

part of the day’s activities.

• Additionally, other injuries can occur as well ranging from minor cuts to sprains, etc.

• Every boater should have the basic first aid kit on board to address the minor medical needs that arise from time to

time. Its also a good idea to suggest a basic first aid course by the Red Cross if they haven’t already attended one.

• Person In the Water Kits (PIW) consist of a throwable Type IV and a wearable PFD. In colder water conditions,

having blankets available is also a good idea.

•If regular passengers/crew have special medical needs, its recommended that they have a special kit available to

address their unique needs.

• In most cases for us, most of our boaters will be classified as “coastal” cruisers and not inland, however:

• For boats, 16 feet or more, operating on coastal waters, the USCG requires some means of making a

suitable day and night visual distress signal.

• Night devices must be used between sunset and sunrise.

• Recommended equipment could include approved VSDs, even if expired, but in serviceable condition.

• PWCs have the same recommendations for VSDs.

• PWCs, if operating on, or expected to be used, coastal or offshore waters, it must meet the same VSD

requirements as all other vessels to qualify for a VSC decal.

• Capacity plate contains important information and the operator needs to clearly understand what it says.

(pg. 31)

• It provides maximum capacity for:

• Number of persons on board.

• Maximum total weight on board.

• Horsepower rating the boat was built to safely handle.

• These figures are established for ideal sea conditions. Less then ideal sea conditions require reductions in

these numbers to allow the vessel to safely handle the weather and sea conditions.

•

• Note that it is the maximum number of persons OR the maximum total weight…whichever is reached first.

• If there is no capacity plate, or

if it is unreadable…it is still

possible to determine the

capacity of the vessel by using

this simple formula: Boat length multiplied by boat width divided by 15.

L x W / 15 = number people that can be safely carried in calm waters.

17’ (L) x 7’ (W) = 119 / 15 = 7.933333333333333~

Vessel capacity is 7 persons in calm seas. http://www.searay.com/Page.aspx/pageId/10232/pmid/171221/175-STC-Sport.aspx

Overall Length 17'6" / 5.33 M Beam 7' / 2.13 M

Max Persons/Weight 7/900 LBS / 408 KG

(MWC) Max Weight - Persons/Gear 980 LBS / 445 KG 110

• Accident Reports:

• The operator of any recreational vessel is required to file a Boating Accident Report if their boat is involved

in an accident that results in:

• Loss of life.

• Personal injury requiring medical aid greater then basic first aid.

• Damage to the boat or other property in excess of $2,000.

• Complete loss of the vessel.

• And the report must be made to the local officials in the area the incident occurred.

• Fatal Accidents:

•The following information must be provided:

• Date/time/exact location of incident.

• Name of each person who died/disappeared.

• Number and name of vessel.

• Name and address of owner and/or operator.

• Names and contact of all persons onboard at the time.

• Reporting Timelines:

• If a person dies/disappears from the boat, or injuries requiring medical aid greater then basic first aid, a formal report must be filed within 48 hours of the

accident.

• Property damage timeframe is 10 days.

This is an actual emergency room photo of a fisherman who lost control of his high-speed bass boat in West Virginia. Wardens believe that he was traveling at

a speed of approximately 75 mph at the time of the accident. He was unable to negotiate a curve in the narrow waterway. Unfortunately for him, upon striking

the shoreline and being ejected from the boat, he landed back end first on an old fence post.

• Rendering Assistance:

• The master or person in charge of a vessel is required by law to provide assistance that can be safely provided

to any individual in danger at sea.

• Failing to do so could result in a fine or imprisonment.

• The Good Samaritan Act will protect boaters rendering responsible assistance.

• Offshore Operation:

• When operating offshore, it is recommended that boaters carry additional equipment beyond that of the

minimum federal requirements.

• Examples being:

• Additional/appropriate communication gear.

• Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB).

• Additional nautical charts to accurately determine your location.

• An inflatable lift raft.

• Special gear for cold water operation.

• Cell phone coverage is available in most coastal areas.

• While cellular phone coverage may be available, use of the cell phone should not be considered the primary

method of communication. It is an effective backup, but is not a substitute for a marine band radio in a time

of emergency. (pg. 32)

• Nautical Charts:

• GPS is a great thing, but what happens when the batteries die? You need the “old school” method of

navigation…paper charts.

• They provide generally accurate topographic data such as landmarks, land masses, water depths (but

seasonal fluxuation needs to be taken into account), port facilities, aids to navigation, marine hazards, etc.

• Cold water survival:

• The sudden immersion into cold water can induce rapid, uncontrolled breathing, cardiac arrest and other physical body conditions which can result in drowning.

• Cold water is typically thought of as 30 to 50 degree water. However, the “magic” number that separates a drowning in cold water vs. warm water is 70 degrees.

• So even with water temps in the 60s, hypothermia is a very real threat when typically not considered to be so.

• Hypothermia is the abnormal lowering of the internal body core temperature.

• There are ways to mitigate the effects of hypothermia and increase your chances at survival.

• Always wear a PFD.

• Button up all clothing.

• Cover the head and enter the water slowly.

• Utilize the Heat Escape Lessening Posture (H.E.L.P.).

•Remember, it is possible to revive a drowning victim who has been under water a considerable amount of time and

shows no signs of life. Start CPR immediately and get them to the hospital ASAP.

• Fueling:

• To prevent accidents from fueling, these rules should be followed before fueling:

• Take portable tanks out of vessel before fueling to ensure proper grounding of the tank.

• Close all hatches and other openings before fueling.

• Extinguish all smoking materials.

• Turn off engines, all electrical equipment and other sources of ignition.

• Remove all passengers.

• Keep nozzle in contact with the tank to present static buildup.

• Wipe up any spilled fuel or set out booms to contain spill in the water and notify the dock master of the spill.

• After fueling is complete, follow these steps:

• Open all ports/hatches/doors to ventilate.

• Run blower for minimum of 4 minutes to evacuate the engine compartment of any fumes/flammable

vapors.

• Check the bilge/cabin “sniff test” for fuel vapors before starting the engines.

• Fuel Management:

• The 1/3rd rule is best when followed.

• One third of your fuel going out.

• One third of your fuel coming back.

• One third of your fuel held in reserve, in case of an emergency … yours or someone else's.

120

• Float Plan:

• Before leaving the dock,

notice should be left

with someone with

details about your trip.

• This way, if you do not

return when expected,

local authorities can be

notified and a search

initiated if warranted.

• Without the float plan,

it’s a blind search and

chances of rescue are greatly reduced as well as tying up rescue resources where they will be ineffective and costly.

• A float plan can be something formal or as informal a note on lined paper. But it will have the following

information at the minimum:

• Vessel information;

• MC/Make/Model/Color/Length/Vessel Name

• Names/contact info/clothing for all persons on board.

• Time of departure/return.

• Area of operation/destination/anticipated route.

• Vehicle/trailer info and splash point if trailered.

• Electronics onboard (GPS/marine radio, etc.)

• Emergency contacts in event needed.

• All this information will assist emergency responders in the event that they are deployed for a search.

• Weather and Sea Conditions:

• Be sure to stress the importance of checking the weather/sea conditions carefully before going out,

especially for an extended trip.

• Check the weather several times throughout the day.

• The marine radio has a WX feature where the boater can tune into the NOAA weather forecast broadcast.

• Learn the warning signs of deteriorating weather conditions.

• Ol’ sailors adage, “Red in the morning, sailors take warning. Red at night, sailors delight” is true.

• Increasing clouds, a cool breeze increasing in speed or changing directions…sometimes rapidly, sea

conditions getting worse, noticing a lot of boaters are heading in (maybe they know something you don’t.)

• Know what to do if you are caught out in open water and caught off guard by bad weather.

• Reduce speed but keep enough power to maintain headway.

• Put on PFDs.

• Turn on nav lights.

• Head for nearest harbor that is safe to approach.

• Head bow first into waves at about a 45 degree angle.

• Keep bilges free of water.

• Have passengers sit on the bottom of the boat, near the centerline.

If your engine fails, deploy a sea anchor on a line from the bow to keep the boat headed into the waves. A metal bucket will work as a sea anchor in an emergency.

• Encourage all boaters to take a Boater Safety Class.

• This test was written by the USCG.

• We will only be answering the first 56 questions.

• To pass, the USCG requires a 90% score.

• So that is…51 out of 56 right.

• Be VERY CAREFUL in how you read the questions.

•They intentionally wrote many of the questions to be confusing and put in a lot of information that is

irrelevant to what the correct answer is…so watch out for that.

• Any questions, just ask.