2009StanfordE25 Ramon Qiu and Alex Dao
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Transcript of 2009StanfordE25 Ramon Qiu and Alex Dao
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Leukemia
Ramon QiuAlex Dao2009StanfordE25
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Asian American Donor Program
Modest beginnings in 1989
123 Asian donors in national registry
Encourage typing of minorities
Launched Latino Outreach Program in 2008
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ΛΦΕ
Lambda Phi Epsilon is the first and only international Asian American interest fraternity
Our National Philanthropy: Raise awareness for Leukemia
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AADP
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What is Leukemia?
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From Lecture:
Leukemia is a cancer of a white blood cell. For example, B cell leukemia is when B cells proliferate indefinitely.
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Four Types of Leukemia:
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
Chronic Myelogemous Leukemia (CML)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
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Four Types of Leukemia:
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) – Most common form
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
Chronic Myelogemous Leukemia (CML)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
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Four Types of Leukemia:
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) – Most common form
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) – Most common in children
Chronic Myelogemous Leukemia (CML)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
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Four Types of Leukemia:
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) – Most common form
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) – Most common in children
Chronic Myelogemous Leukemia (CML) – More common in adults
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
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Four Types of Leukemia:
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) – Most common form
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) – Most common in children
Chronic Myelogemous Leukemia (CML) – More common in adults
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) – Only occurs in adults
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Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
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Most common form (occurs in adults and children)
Most dangerous (fastest acting)
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Begins with 1 cell
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Begins with 1 cell
Cell multiplies into trillions of copies
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Begins with 1 cell
Cell multiplies into trillions of copies
Red blood cells under produced (anemia)
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Begins with 1 cell
Cell multiplies into trillions of copies
Red blood cells under produced (anemia)
White blood cells under produced (immune system failure)
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Begins with 1 cell
Cell multiplies into trillions of copies
Red blood cells under produced (anemia)
White blood cells under produced (immune system failure)
Platelets under produced (stops blood clotting)
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http://images.the-scientist.com/content/images/articles/23273/ecology_infoL.jpg
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Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc… Expression of these genes inhibits cell differentiation
Forces cells to copy the Leukemia cell.
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Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc…
Event 2: Anti-senescenceSenescence is a mechanism that forces cells to stop dividing
Leukemia cells disable this mechanism
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Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc…
Event 2: Anti-senescence
Event 3: Anti-apoptoticApoptosis is a mechanism where a cell destroys itself
Apoptosis is necessary when a cell is damaged or infected
Leukemia cells disable this mechanism
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Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc…
Event 2: Anti-senescence
Event 3: Anti-apoptotic
Event 4: Apoptosis receptor pathway silencedApoptosis can also be triggered from surrounding tissue
Same idea as Event 3
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Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc…
Event 2: Anti-senescence
Event 3: Anti-apoptotic
Event 4: Apoptosis receptor pathway silenced
Event 5: Evade immune cellsEvents 1-4
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Event 1: BCR-ABL, MLL-ENL, AML1-ETO, etc…
Event 2: Anti-senescence
Event 3: Anti-apoptotic
Event 4: Apoptosis receptor pathway silenced
Event 5: Evade immune cells
Event 6: Activate and over express self renewal path genes
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http://images.the-scientist.com/content/images/articles/23273/ecology_infoL.jpg
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Treating Leukemia
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Induction Therapy
Consolidation Therapy
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Induction Therapy
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Induction TherapyChemotherapy
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Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
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Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
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Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
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Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
Consolidation Therapy
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Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
Consolidation TherapyMore chemotherapy
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Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
Consolidation TherapyMore chemotherapy
Stem cell transplant
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Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
Consolidation TherapyMore chemotherapy
Stem cell transplant
Get blood cell count back to normal
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Induction TherapyChemotherapy
Kill as many AML cells as possible
Achieve remission
3-4 weeks
Consolidation TherapyMore chemotherapy
Stem cell transplant
Get blood cell count back to normal
Take immunosuppressant drugs
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Myths and Facts
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Myth: Donating Bone Marrow is Painful
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Myth: Donating Bone Marrow is Painful
Fact: Anesthesia is always usedDonors feel no pain or needle injectionsDonors feel a little pain in the lower back a few
days after the procedure
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Myth: Donating Bone Marrow involves surgery
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Myth: Donating Bone Marrow involves surgery
Fact: Majority of donations do not involve surgeryUsually taking peripheral blood stem cells is
enough
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Myth: Pieces of Bone are removed from the donor
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Myth: Pieces of Bone are removed from the donor
Fact: Majority of donations involve taking only bloodIn marrow donation, only marrow is taken from
inside bone, not the bone itself
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Myth: Donating Bone Marrow is dangerous
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Myth: Donating Bone Marrow is dangerous
Fact: The procedure is relatively safe and there are rarely any long term side effects from donating
All the donated marrow is replenished within 1 month
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Myth: Bone Marrow donation involves a lengthy recovery
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Myth: Bone Marrow donation involves a lengthy recovery
Fact: Most donors take the drug filgrastim and experience minor symptoms that disappear 2 days after donating
Marrow donors will feel tired and some soreness for less than a week, with all symptoms disappearing
after 2-3 weeks
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Nick Glasgow
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Nick Glasgow
• 28 years old• Diagnosed with AML
in March 2009• 75% Caucasian and
25% Japanese• Desperately needs
your HELP
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What you can do NOW• Where do I register?
You can register in one of three ways:
1.) Visit a local drive near you.
2.) Call or e-mail AADP for a HOME-TEST KIT if you cannot attend a drive.
•3.) Visit the AADP office in Alameda or a local donor center in Stanford, Oakland, or Sacramento, to register in person. Appointments must be made beforehand.
• 4.) Encourage family/friends/dormmates/fraternity brothers/sorority sisters to get their bone marrow typed!
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Thank you for registering.
SAVE A LIFE TODAY!