IEEE-IAS 2012.02.18 Presentation - Major Components of Fire Pump Controllers
2008 IEEE IAS Electrical Safety Workshop
Transcript of 2008 IEEE IAS Electrical Safety Workshop
Impact of Arc Flash Test Exposure Conditions on PPE Arc Rating:
Update for ASTM F18.65San Antonio, Texas
October 13, 2008Mike Lang Tom Neal
2008 IEEE IAS Electrical Safety Workshop
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WHAT DO I MEAN BYDIFFERENT TEST CONFIGURATIONS?
ASTM F1959 and F2178 Single Phase Arc Test Methods for Fabrics and Face ProtectionDoughty/Neal IEEE Arc-In-a-Box 3-Phase Vertical Conductor Test ConfigurationFerraz Shawmut Arc-In-a-Box 3-Phase Test Configuration with Vertical Conductors Terminated into an Insulating BarrierFerraz Shawmut Arc-In-a-Box 3-Phase Test Configuration with Horizontal Electrodes
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Open Arc Configuration, i.e. No Enclosure8 kA, 3 kV, Phase to Ground5 to 130 Cycles DurationVertical Stainless Steel Electrodes with 12” GapHigher Radiant Energy than Convective EnergyIncident Energy from 1 to 120 cal/cm²
ASTM F1958, F1959 & F2178 Test Methods
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ASTM Arc Test Method Configuration
All Arc Test Methods Use the Same Arc Geometry
F1959 Fabric Arc RatingF1958 Clothing Ignition F2178 Face Protection
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Arc Test MethodFor Determining the Arc Rating of Face Protective Products
Utilizes Eye, Mouth & Chin Sensors
>100 cal/cm² Arc Rated Hood
ASTM F2178ASTM F2178
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Doughty/Neal IEEE Arc-In-a-Box Test Configuration
600V 3-Phase 25 to 50kA1.25 inch GapVertical Electrodes w/o Barrier Copper Electrodes, 0.75” Diameter 7 cycles Arc DurationNo fabric or face shield arc rating tests
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IEEE ARC-IN-A-BOX TEST SETUP
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IEEE/Ferraz ShawmutArc-In-a-Box Test Configurations
480V 3-Phase25 to 50kA 1.25 inches GapVertical Electrodes Terminated with Barrier or Horizontal Electrodes Copper Electrodes, 0.75” Diameter 2 to 20 cycles Arc DurationFabric and Face Shield Testing
Ferraz Shawmut Horizontal ConfigurationFerraz Shawmut Horizontal Configuration
44.6kA, 6 cycle, 600V
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Arc-in-a-box Testing ConditionsParameter Test Set-Up #1 Test Set-Up #2A Test Set-Up #3
Electrode Geometry Vertical Terminated Vertical Non-Terminated Horizontal with smaller box
Electrode Material 0.75” Copper Rod 0.75” Copper Rod 0.75” Copper Rod
Electrode Spacing 1.25” OD to OD 1.25” OD to OD 1.25” OD to OD 4” from back of box 1.5” from back of box 4” from back of box
System Voltage 480V 480V 480V
Arc Current 25 to 50KA 30KA 25 to 50KA
Arc Duration 1 to 20 cycles 1 to20 cycles 1 to20 cycles
Box Dimensions 20” x 20” x 20” 14” x 12” x 7.5” 20” x 20” x 20”
Number of Sensors 2 to 9 4 2 to 9
Distance from Arc to Sensors 10 to 18 12 & 18 10 to 18
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Material TypeWeight oz/yd2
Air Permeabilityft3/min (cfm)
Arc RatingASTM
F1959-05b Test Method
SS Electrodescal/cm2
Est. Arc RatingIEEE
Box MethodVertical
Cu Electrodescal/cm2
Est. Arc RatingIEEE
Box MethodVertical
Cu Electrodescal/cm2
Est. Arc RatingBox MethodHorizontal
Cu Electrodescal/cm2
Standard Box20” x 20” x 20”
New Small Box14” x 12” x 7.5”
Standard Box20” x 20” x 20”
Standard Box20” x 20” x 20”
HRC4, 2 layersFRT cotton/nylon19 oz/yd2, 5 cfm
41(20 Specimens)
28(2 test panel)
13(1 test panels)
21(3 test panels)
HRC4, Aramid/ Modacrylic fabric 2 layer, 16 oz/yd2
10 to 20 cfm
42(20 Specimens)
29(2 test panels
NA NA
HRC4, 3 layersAramid 12 oz/yd2, 84 cfm
49(20 Specimens)
23(3 test panels)
17(5 test panels)
18(3 test panels
HRC4+ aramid5 layers15 oz/yd2, 59 cfm
70(20 Specimens)
32(3 test panels)
Exceeds Max Exposure for Test Equipment
35(1 test panel)
IEEE Arc-In-a-Box Configuration vs. Ferraz Shawmut Configurations
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Material TypeWeight oz/yd2
Air PermeabilityIn ft3/min (cfm)
Arc RatingASTM
F1959-05b Test Method
SS Electrodescal/cm2
Est. Arc RatingIEEE
Box MethodVertical
Cu Electrodescal/cm2
Est. Arc RatingBox MethodTerminated
Vertical Cu Electrodes
cal/cm2
Est. Arc RatingBox MethodHorizontal
Cu Electrodescal/cm2
HRC4 over HRC2, Aramid4 layers19 oz/yd2, 16 cfm
65 est. Exceeds Max Exposure for Test
Equipment
20(1 test panel)
22(3 test panel)
HRC4+ aramid5 layers15 oz/yd2, 59 cfm
70 Exceeds Max Exposure for Test
Equipment
27(3 test panels)
35(1 test panel)
HRC4++ aramid 7 layers18 oz/yd2, 49 cfm
106(20 Specimens)
Exceeds Max Exposure for Test
Equipment
60(3 test panels)
45(6 test panels)
HRC4++ aramid 20 oz/yd2, 0 cfm
109 est.(6 Specimens)
Exceeds Max Exposure for Test
Equipment
>60(3 test panels)
50(1 test panel)
HRC4++ aramid 5 layers31 oz/yd2, 4 cfm
140 est.(6 Specimens)
Exceeds Max Exposure for Test
Equipment
NA >50(1 test panel)
IEEE Arc-In-a-Box Configuration vs. Ferraz Shawmut Configurations
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Preliminary Conclusions
Arc flash heat exposures consist of radiant and convective energy—plasma jets are unique type of convective energy The ratio of radiant and convective heat varies with the equipment configurationASTM test methods have a higher radiant component than convective componentArc-In-a-Box test configurations with horizontal electrodes or vertical electrodes with or without a terminating barrier have a higher convective component than radiant component
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Recommendations
Expand testing research based on high convective energy arc exposures to additional laboratories
PG&E Testing ProgramKinetrics if funds are available
Create an F18.65 Work Item and draft a proposed test method for balloting