2006 Kentucky River 2006 Kentucky River Watershed Watch ResultsWatershed Watch Results

(Or, how your sites measured up…)(Or, how your sites measured up…)

What and when?What and when? Herbicides in the SpringHerbicides in the Spring

32 samples in May32 samples in May

Pathogens in the SummerPathogens in the Summer 158 Synoptic samples in July158 Synoptic samples in July 115 Follow-Up samples in Late July / Early August115 Follow-Up samples in Late July / Early August

Chemicals & Nutrients in the FallChemicals & Nutrients in the Fall 200 samples in September200 samples in September

Metals in the FallMetals in the Fall 58 samples in September58 samples in September

Where?Where?

240 sites throughout Kentucky River Basin240 sites throughout Kentucky River Basin

3% 3% Lower Kentucky River Basin Lower Kentucky River Basin 6% 6% Eagle CreekEagle Creek21% 21% Elkhorn Creek Watershed)Elkhorn Creek Watershed)32% 32% Palisades Palisades4%4% Dix River Watershed Dix River Watershed 5%5% Middle Kentucky / Red River Basins Middle Kentucky / Red River Basins

0% 0% South Fork Kentucky River Basin South Fork Kentucky River Basin

0.4%0.4% Middle Fork Kentucky River Basin (1 site) Middle Fork Kentucky River Basin (1 site)27% 27% North Fork Kentucky River Basin North Fork Kentucky River Basin

30%

2006 KRWW Sampling Sites

2006 KRWW Sampling Sites

2006 KRWW Sampling Sites

HERBICIDESHERBICIDES

HERBICIDESHERBICIDESWhy monitored?Why monitored?

Potentially harmful to aquatic life and humans through drinking Potentially harmful to aquatic life and humans through drinking waterwater

Where are they coming from?Where are they coming from? Runoff from agricultural and residential applicationRunoff from agricultural and residential application

How can we minimize their presence in our waterways?How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? Apply only as absolutely necessary, follow application Apply only as absolutely necessary, follow application

instructions.instructions. Maintain vegetation around and along waterbodies.Maintain vegetation around and along waterbodies. Use recommended agricultural erosion control practices.Use recommended agricultural erosion control practices. Properly dispose of herbicide containers (collection programs)Properly dispose of herbicide containers (collection programs) Do not dump leftover herbicide on ground, down sink, or down Do not dump leftover herbicide on ground, down sink, or down

stormwater drains.stormwater drains.

2006 Herbicide Parameters2006 Herbicide Parameters Sampled for 2 herbicides in Spring 2006 Sampled for 2 herbicides in Spring 2006

most likely time of year for herbicide applicationmost likely time of year for herbicide application

TriazinesTriazines highly persistent in soilhighly persistent in soil EPA standard of 3.0 micrograms /L for EPA standard of 3.0 micrograms /L for drinking drinking

waterwater 350 micrograms/L for 350 micrograms/L for acute aquatic lifeacute aquatic life criteria criteria 12 micrograms/L for 12 micrograms/L for chronic aquaticchronic aquatic life criteria life criteria

Metolachlor Metolachlor highly persistent in waterhighly persistent in water unregulated by EPAunregulated by EPA

Herbicide ResultsHerbicide Results

TriazinesTriazines ONLY detected at: ONLY detected at: K501 (Eagle Creek) – 8.6 micrograms/literK501 (Eagle Creek) – 8.6 micrograms/liter Greater than drinking water supply standard of 3 ug/L Greater than drinking water supply standard of 3 ug/L Less than chronic aquatic life criteria of 12 ug/LLess than chronic aquatic life criteria of 12 ug/L

MetolachlorMetolachlor found at 4 sites, the greatest being: found at 4 sites, the greatest being: K501 (Eagle Creek) – 3.38 micrograms/literK501 (Eagle Creek) – 3.38 micrograms/liter

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2006 Herbicide Detections

Herbicides detected

Herbicide sampling site

PATHOGENSPATHOGENS

FECAL COLIFORM / E. COLIFECAL COLIFORM / E. COLIWhy monitored?Why monitored?

Can indicate presence of other pathogens that may cause illness Can indicate presence of other pathogens that may cause illness or infections in people.or infections in people.

Where are they coming from?Where are they coming from? Failing septic systems, straightpipes, leaking sewage linesFailing septic systems, straightpipes, leaking sewage lines Inadequately treated discharge from municipal sewage plantsInadequately treated discharge from municipal sewage plants Livestock (runoff from pasture or direct access to waterbody)Livestock (runoff from pasture or direct access to waterbody)

How can we minimize their presence in our waterways?How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? Properly maintain septic systemsProperly maintain septic systems Increase access to sewer systemsIncrease access to sewer systems Install fencing to keep livestock out of waterwaysInstall fencing to keep livestock out of waterways Maintain vegetated buffers around waterbodiesMaintain vegetated buffers around waterbodies

Pathogen ParametersPathogen Parameters

Fecal ColiformFecal Coliform Swimming Standard of Swimming Standard of 400 cfu/100 ml400 cfu/100 ml

(instantaneous)(instantaneous)

E. ColiE. Coli Swimming Standard of Swimming Standard of 240 cfu/100 ml240 cfu/100 ml

(instantaneous)(instantaneous)

Atypical/Typical Coliform RatioAtypical/Typical Coliform Ratio Ratio between 0 and 2 Ratio between 0 and 2 raw, human sewage raw, human sewage Ratio between 2 and 4 Ratio between 2 and 4 fresh, human/ag fresh, human/ag Ratio between 5 and 10 Ratio between 5 and 10 indirect, ag indirect, ag Ratio between 10 and 20 Ratio between 10 and 20 indirect, urban indirect, urban Ratio greater than 20 Ratio greater than 20 aged, human/ag aged, human/ag

Synoptic Pathogen Results (E. coli)Synoptic Pathogen Results (E. coli)62% > Swimming Standard62% > Swimming Standard

10 Worst Sites10 Worst Sites: :

K282 – Cane Run (9,804 cfu)K282 – Cane Run (9,804 cfu)

K264 – UT in Madison County (7,701 cfu)K264 – UT in Madison County (7,701 cfu)

K096 – Graddy Spring (6,488 cfu)K096 – Graddy Spring (6,488 cfu)

K235 – Knoblick Creek (4,569 cfu)K235 – Knoblick Creek (4,569 cfu)

K033 – UT of South Elkhorn (4,352 cfu)K033 – UT of South Elkhorn (4,352 cfu)

K300 – Hickman Creek (3,255 cfu)K300 – Hickman Creek (3,255 cfu)

K241 – Viney Fork South (2,909 cfu)K241 – Viney Fork South (2,909 cfu)

K084 – South Elkhorn, trib A (2,909 cfu)K084 – South Elkhorn, trib A (2,909 cfu)

K055 – Town Branch (2,447 cfu)K055 – Town Branch (2,447 cfu)

K525 – Phillip’s Creek (2,098 cfu)K525 – Phillip’s Creek (2,098 cfu)

Synoptic Pathogen Results (Fecal coliform)Synoptic Pathogen Results (Fecal coliform)52%52% > Swimming Std.> Swimming Std.

10 Worst Sites10 Worst Sites::K105 – Blair Branch (11,000 cfu)K105 – Blair Branch (11,000 cfu)K527 – Balls Fork (9,300 cfu)K527 – Balls Fork (9,300 cfu)K288 – Troublesome Creek (1,700 cfu)K288 – Troublesome Creek (1,700 cfu)K215 – Lost Creek (1,600 cfu)K215 – Lost Creek (1,600 cfu)K216 – Troublesome Creek (1,400 cfu)K216 – Troublesome Creek (1,400 cfu)K488 – Troublesome Creek (1,100 cfu)K488 – Troublesome Creek (1,100 cfu)K485 – Cram Creek (1,000 cfu)K485 – Cram Creek (1,000 cfu)K490 – Perkins Branch (1,000 cfu)K490 – Perkins Branch (1,000 cfu)K404 – Red River (980 cfu)K404 – Red River (980 cfu)K405 – Red River (980 cfu)K405 – Red River (980 cfu)

2006 Synoptic Pathogen Sampling Results > 5,000 cfu/100 ml

Follow-Up Pathogen Results (E. coli)Follow-Up Pathogen Results (E. coli)67% > Swimming Standard67% > Swimming Standard

10 Worst Sites10 Worst Sites::K307 – Wolf Run (24,192 cfu)K307 – Wolf Run (24,192 cfu)K264 – Unamed trib in Madison Co. (12,460 cfu)K264 – Unamed trib in Madison Co. (12,460 cfu)K414 – Powell’s Branch (7,270 cfu)K414 – Powell’s Branch (7,270 cfu)K180 – Clark’s Run (3,654 cfu)K180 – Clark’s Run (3,654 cfu)K517 – Springs Branch (3,282 cfu)K517 – Springs Branch (3,282 cfu)K055 – Town Branch (3,255 cfu)K055 – Town Branch (3,255 cfu)K300 – Hickman Creek (2,723 cfu)K300 – Hickman Creek (2,723 cfu)K408 – Kentucky River (1,782 cfu)K408 – Kentucky River (1,782 cfu)K085 – Glenn’s Creek (1,119 cfu)K085 – Glenn’s Creek (1,119 cfu)K339 – Otter Creek (1,046 cfu)K339 – Otter Creek (1,046 cfu)

Follow-Up Pathogen Results (Fecal coliform)Follow-Up Pathogen Results (Fecal coliform) 71% > Swimming Std.71% > Swimming Std.

10 Worst Sites10 Worst Sites::K445 – Kingdom Come Creek (90,000 cfu)K445 – Kingdom Come Creek (90,000 cfu)K446 – North Fork Kentucky River (60,000 cfu)K446 – North Fork Kentucky River (60,000 cfu)K484 – Cram Creek (12,000 cfu)K484 – Cram Creek (12,000 cfu)K105 – Blair Branch (12,000 cfu)K105 – Blair Branch (12,000 cfu)K090 – Quicksand Creek (8,900 cfu)K090 – Quicksand Creek (8,900 cfu)K485 – Cram Creek (8,000 cfu)K485 – Cram Creek (8,000 cfu)K490 – Perkins Branch (6,000 cfu)K490 – Perkins Branch (6,000 cfu)K527 – Balls Fork (5,700 cfu)K527 – Balls Fork (5,700 cfu)K480 – Cowan Creek (4,100 cfu)K480 – Cowan Creek (4,100 cfu)K447 – Cowan Creek (3,600 cfu)K447 – Cowan Creek (3,600 cfu)

2006 Follow-Up Pathogen Sampling Results > 5,000 cfu/100 ml

Eagle Creek Focused Eagle Creek Focused Pathogen SamplingPathogen Sampling

5 sites, Grant County5 sites, Grant County

319 Septic Improvement Project319 Septic Improvement Project

Ten Mile Cr and Arnold’s Cr SubwatershedsTen Mile Cr and Arnold’s Cr Subwatersheds

Narrow exceedances of recreational Narrow exceedances of recreational standard:standard: 2 Ten Mile Creek sites2 Ten Mile Creek sites Eagle Creek site, downstream from Ten MileEagle Creek site, downstream from Ten Mile

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K328 – 306 / 16,160

K327 – 329 / 9,090

K318 – 172 / 15,760

K319 - 165 / 15,530K321 – 262 / 11,690

Eagle Creek Watershed

2006 E. coli Findings

Geometric Mean / High Value

NUTRIENTSNUTRIENTS

NUTRIENTSNUTRIENTSWhy monitored?Why monitored?

Lead to algal blooms, which consume oxygen as they Lead to algal blooms, which consume oxygen as they decompose decompose bad for aquatic life bad for aquatic life

Cause taste and odor problems in drinking waterCause taste and odor problems in drinking water Can cause “Blue baby” disease (or methemoglobinemia)Can cause “Blue baby” disease (or methemoglobinemia)

Where are they coming from?Where are they coming from? agricultural and residential fertilizer applicationagricultural and residential fertilizer application sewage and manure runoffsewage and manure runoff

How can we minimize their presence in our waterways?How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? Only apply fertilizers as necessary Only apply fertilizers as necessary Properly maintain septic systemsProperly maintain septic systems Use recommended erosion control measuresUse recommended erosion control measures Keep livestock out of waterways, properly manage manureKeep livestock out of waterways, properly manage manure Maintain vegetated buffers around waterbodiesMaintain vegetated buffers around waterbodies

Nutrient ParametersNutrient Parameters

Nitrate (NO3-N)Nitrate (NO3-N) Drinking Water Supply Std. = 10 mg/LDrinking Water Supply Std. = 10 mg/L

Total PhosphorusTotal Phosphorus Unofficial KRWW Aquatic Life Std. = 0.5 mg/LUnofficial KRWW Aquatic Life Std. = 0.5 mg/L

SulfateSulfate Drinking Water Supply Std. = 250 mg/LDrinking Water Supply Std. = 250 mg/L

Nitrogen Results > 10 mg/LNitrogen Results > 10 mg/LOnly One Site!Only One Site!

K499 – Town Branch (12.09 mg/L)K499 – Town Branch (12.09 mg/L)

2006 High Nitrate Site

K499 – Town Branch

Phosphorus Results > 0.5 mg/LPhosphorus Results > 0.5 mg/L

K283 – Rocky Fork (7.44 mg/L)K283 – Rocky Fork (7.44 mg/L)

K338 – Otter Creek (1.76 mg/LK338 – Otter Creek (1.76 mg/L

K209 – Tates Creek (1.7 mg/L)K209 – Tates Creek (1.7 mg/L)

K529 – Elkhorn Creek (0.81 mg/L)K529 – Elkhorn Creek (0.81 mg/L)

K031 – South Elkhorn Creek (0.75 mg/L)K031 – South Elkhorn Creek (0.75 mg/L)

K341 – Elkhorn Creek (0.7 mg/L)K341 – Elkhorn Creek (0.7 mg/L)

K085 – Glenn’s Creek (0.69 mg/L)K085 – Glenn’s Creek (0.69 mg/L)

K499 – Town Branch (0.69 mg/L)K499 – Town Branch (0.69 mg/L)

K026 – South Elkhorn Creek (0.65 mg/L)K026 – South Elkhorn Creek (0.65 mg/L)

K530 – Tates Creek (0.57 mg/L)K530 – Tates Creek (0.57 mg/L)

2006 High Phosphorus Sites

Sulfate Results Sulfate Results 20 sites > 250 mg/L20 sites > 250 mg/L

Ten Greatest Sulfate ResultsTen Greatest Sulfate Results::

K542 – Sandlick Creek (1,910 mg/L)K542 – Sandlick Creek (1,910 mg/L)K481 – Little Dry Fork (1,410 mg/L)K481 – Little Dry Fork (1,410 mg/L)K215 – Lost Creek (906 mg/L)K215 – Lost Creek (906 mg/L)K536 – Long Branch (904 mg/L)K536 – Long Branch (904 mg/L)K483 – Henry Ison Hollow (700 mg/L)K483 – Henry Ison Hollow (700 mg/L)K535 – Sturgill Branch (652 mg/L)K535 – Sturgill Branch (652 mg/L)K488 – Troublesome Creek (648 mg/L)K488 – Troublesome Creek (648 mg/L)K216 – Troublesome Creek (647 mg/L)K216 – Troublesome Creek (647 mg/L)K083 – Lotts Creek (623 mg/L)K083 – Lotts Creek (623 mg/L)K479 – Rockhouse Creek (528 mg/L)K479 – Rockhouse Creek (528 mg/L)

2006 High Sulfate Sites

HEAVY METALSHEAVY METALS

HEAVY METALSHEAVY METALSWhy monitored?Why monitored?

High levels can be toxic to aquatic life or humans through High levels can be toxic to aquatic life or humans through drinking waterdrinking water

Can interfere with industrial water usesCan interfere with industrial water uses

Where are they coming from?Where are they coming from? MiningMining Industrial dischargesIndustrial discharges Stormwater runoff from roads and parking lotsStormwater runoff from roads and parking lots

How can we minimize their presence in our waterways?How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? Comply with Comply with discharge permitdischarge permit conditions conditions Use Use erosion control measureserosion control measures at mining sites and other at mining sites and other

construction sitesconstruction sites Install retention ponds, vegetated filter strips around parking Install retention ponds, vegetated filter strips around parking

lots and along roads (lots and along roads (stormwater management practicesstormwater management practices))

Metal Parameters (30)Metal Parameters (30)

AluminumAluminum AntimonyAntimony ArsenicArsenic BariumBarium BerylliumBeryllium BoronBoron CadmiumCadmium CalciumCalcium ChromiumChromium CobaltCobalt CopperCopper GoldGold IronIron LeadLead LithiumLithium

MagnesiumMagnesium ManganeseManganese NickelNickel PhosphorusPhosphorus PotassiumPotassium SeleniumSelenium SiliconSilicon SilverSilver SodiumSodium StrontiumStrontium SulfurSulfur ThalliumThallium TinTin VanadiumVanadium ZincZinc

* Strikethrough = no detections

Metal Parameters with Standards (13)Metal Parameters with Standards (13) Antimony – no detectionsAntimony – no detections BariumBarium BerylliumBeryllium ChromiumChromium CopperCopper IronIron Lead – no detectionsLead – no detections ManganeseManganese NickelNickel Selenium – no detectionsSelenium – no detections Silver – no detectionsSilver – no detections Thallium – no detectionsThallium – no detections ZincZinc

Metals with Standards AND Detections (8)Metals with Standards AND Detections (8)

Metals Water Quality Standard Greatest 2006 Result

Barium DWS < 1.0 mg/LK490 = 0.15 mg/L Perkins

Branch

Beryllium WAH < 0.053 mg/LK542 = 0.02 mg/L

Sandlick Creek

ChromiumWAH < 0.011 mg/L

DWS < 0.05 mg/LK536 = 0.07 mg/L

Long Branch

CopperWAH < 0.0012 mg/L

DWS < 1.3 mg/LK542 = 0.14 mg/L

Sandlick Creek

Iron WAH < 1.0 mg/LK542 = 15.8 mg/L

Sandlick Creek

Manganese DWS < 0.05 mg/LK542 = 10.2 mg/L

Sandlick Creek

Nickel WAH < 0.158 mg/LK542 = 0.79 mg/L

Sandlick Creek

Zinc WAH = 0.106 mg/LK542 = 2.16 mg/L

Sandlick Creek

K542 - Sandlick Creek

K536 – Long Branch

2006 High Metals Sites

2006 Sites of Concern2006 Sites of Concern

K085 - Glenn’s Creek, Woodford CountyK085 - Glenn’s Creek, Woodford Countypathogens, phosphoruspathogens, phosphorus

  K215 & K216 - Lost Creek, Breathitt County (* K215 & K216 - Lost Creek, Breathitt County (* also in 2005also in 2005))

pathogens, sulfatepathogens, sulfate  K283 - Rocky Fork, Garrard CountyK283 - Rocky Fork, Garrard County

pathogens, phosphorus (greatest 2006 result)pathogens, phosphorus (greatest 2006 result)  K338 – Otter Creek, Madison County (* also in 2005)K338 – Otter Creek, Madison County (* also in 2005)

pathogens, phosphoruspathogens, phosphorus  K479 - Rockhouse Creek, Letcher CountyK479 - Rockhouse Creek, Letcher County

pathogens, sulfatepathogens, sulfate  

2006 Sites of Concern (continued)2006 Sites of Concern (continued)

K488 - Troublesome Creek, Perry CountyK488 - Troublesome Creek, Perry Countypathogens, sulfatepathogens, sulfate

  K499 - Town Branch, Fayette CountyK499 - Town Branch, Fayette County

pathogens, nitrate, phosphoruspathogens, nitrate, phosphorus  K536 - Long Branch, Letcher CountyK536 - Long Branch, Letcher County

sulfate, metalssulfate, metals  K542 - Sandlick Creek, Letcher CountyK542 - Sandlick Creek, Letcher County

sulfate, metalssulfate, metals  

2006 KRWW Sites of Concern

Highest Pathogen SitesHighest Pathogen Sites

K105 – Blair Branch, Letcher CountyK105 – Blair Branch, Letcher County

K282 – Cane Run, Mercer CountyK282 – Cane Run, Mercer County

K445 – Kingdom Come Creek, Letcher CountyK445 – Kingdom Come Creek, Letcher County

K307 – Wolf Run, Fayette CountyK307 – Wolf Run, Fayette County

2006 Sites with Greatest Pathogen Results

KGS to the Rescue!KGS to the Rescue!

Kentucky Geological Survey Kentucky Geological Survey creates new online database for creates new online database for

Kentucky River Watershed Watch.Kentucky River Watershed Watch.

NEW KRWW ONLINE DATABASENEW KRWW ONLINE DATABASEhttp://kgsmap.uky.edu/website/krww/viewer.asphttp://kgsmap.uky.edu/website/krww/viewer.asp

WHY THIS WILL MAKE EVERYONE HAPPIERWHY THIS WILL MAKE EVERYONE HAPPIER::

VolunteersVolunteers Fast, easy access to all data Fast, easy access to all data

Data ManagerData Manager Data updates made easier Data updates made easier

Common, shared database (less confusion / errors)Common, shared database (less confusion / errors)

Volunteer CoordinatorVolunteer Coordinator Easy addition of new Easy addition of new sitessites

Automatically calculates lat/long info when enteredAutomatically calculates lat/long info when entered

WEBSITE FEATURESWEBSITE FEATURES

Zoom in past 1:500,000 to see site ID labelsZoom in past 1:500,000 to see site ID labels

Click on site or sites to see Click on site or sites to see allall historical data historical data

Use “Use “Area ToolArea Tool” to zoom to single site or group of ” to zoom to single site or group of sitessites

Use “Use “Measure ToolMeasure Tool” to find distance between 2” to find distance between 2

pointspoints

Use “Use “Zoom to a LocationZoom to a Location” to zoom to a selected ” to zoom to a selected location (county, road intersections, stream extents, location (county, road intersections, stream extents, etc.)etc.)

Kentucky River Authority Kentucky River Authority Watershed Grant ProgramWatershed Grant Program

Grant offerings of up to $3,000 for watershed Grant offerings of up to $3,000 for watershed education, sampling, assessment, restoration education, sampling, assessment, restoration projectsprojects

Applicants must be nonprofit organization, school, Applicants must be nonprofit organization, school, or local governmentor local government

Applications will be accepted again in Fall ’07Applications will be accepted again in Fall ’07