2005S Cyclos&Synchros JulianaBrittany

8/17/2019 2005S Cyclos&Synchros JulianaBrittany

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OutlineOutline

Cyclotrons and SynchrotronsCyclotrons and Synchrotrons HistoryHistory

Compare to Linear AcceleratorsCompare to Linear Accelerators

Schematic ViewsSchematic Views

Theory of Circular AcceleratorsTheory of Circular Accelerators Development of SynchrotronDevelopment of Synchrotron

Advantages over Cyclotron Advantages over Cyclotron

Schematic ViewSchematic View ConclusionConclusion

Future of SynchrotronsFuture of Synchrotrons

Applications of Synchrotron Radiation Applications of Synchrotron Radiation


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HistoryHistory Cyclotron conceived y !"Cyclotron conceived y !"Lawrence in #$%$Lawrence in #$%$

&ons accelerated using&ons accelerated usingradial magnetic forceradial magnetic force Less voltage needed than inLess voltage needed than in

linear acceleratorslinear accelerators

'ore compact'ore compact Synchrocyclotron developedSynchrocyclotron developed

in #$()sin #$()s Relativistic mass increaseRelativistic mass increase

Synchrotron invented soonSynchrotron invented soonthereafter thereafter Varying magnetic fieldVarying magnetic field

Cheaper and !asier Cheaper and !asier http://www.facsta.bucknell.edu


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http*++www,nsd"ll"gov+

Linear AcceleratorCompare to a circularaccelerator

Much higher voltage neededNot costeecti!e


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Alternating

E-feld

Top View Side View

C"clotron

#chematic

Ejected ions

Unior

m

B-feld

region

Injected ions

www.h"perph"sics.co


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!

The CyclotronThe Cyclotron -eriod is independent of-eriod is independent of

velocityvelocity -article steered y magnet-article steered y magnet

'oves in larger circles in e.ual'oves in larger circles in e.ual

amounts of timeamounts of time /ains more 0 more energy/ains more 0 more energy

Accelerates to large energies Accelerates to large energies

without large voltageswithout large voltages !nergy limits, dis1 si2e3 4,field!nergy limits, dis1 si2e3 4,field

strength 55 #)) 'eVstrength 55 #)) 'eV

$

%& ma

'(!)$*& m!+/ r

%or circularorbits,

'(!)$*& '!$

r& m!/'$

-& !/ r& '$/m

%

”cyclotron frequency” f=ω/2 =qB/2

m


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http*++www,nsd"ll"gov+


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#"nchroc"clotron#"nchroc"clotron

An augmented c"clotronAn augmented c"clotron articles in c"clotronsarticles in c"clotrons

gain mass due togain mass due to

relati!it"relati!it" ncreases period eachncreases period each

re!olutionre!olution

00fre'uenc" modulation1fre'uenc" modulation1

http://imglib.lbl.go!/cgibin/mgLib


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uni!ersere!iew.ca

SynchrotronSynchrotron

Notice:

particles

tra!el in

a

ring,not


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#"nchrotrons#"nchrotrons

Magnetic 2eldMagnetic 2eld

graduall" increasesgraduall" increases

as energ" increasesas energ" increases articles acceleratedarticles accelerated

in a ring, not a diskin a ring, not a disk

Allows for cheaperAllows for cheaperconstructionconstruction

http://imglib.lbl.go!/cgibin/mgLib


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ConclusionConclusion 3he %uture of #"nchrotrons 3he %uture of #"nchrotrons

4nergies up to 5666 7e84nergies up to 5666 7e8 $eha!ior of the nucleus$eha!ior of the nucleus

3he #trong %orce 3he #trong %orce

9uarks9uarks Matterantimatter collisionsMatterantimatter collisions

#"nchrotron adiation#"nchrotron adiation 00;nwanted1 b"product;nwanted1 b"product

ApplicationsApplications #urface maging#urface maging

#emiconductor manufacture#emiconductor manufacture

9uicker computer processors9uicker computer processors

http://www.europh"sicsnews.co


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eferenceseferences www.h"perph"sics.com

http://wwwnsd.lbl.go!/

http://uni!ersere!iew.ca/

http://aboutnature.net/s"nchrotron/

http://s"nchrotronsbasic.net

http://www.facsta.bucknell.edu/m!igeant/

http://www.europh"sicsnews.com/full/6

2005S Cyclos&Synchros JulianaBrittany

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