©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers CHAPTER 27 RECONSIDERING NATIONAL...
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Transcript of ©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers CHAPTER 27 RECONSIDERING NATIONAL...
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
CHAPTER 27RECONSIDERING
NATIONAL PRIORITIES
1972–1979
CREATED EQUAL
JONES WOOD MAY BORSTELMANN RUIZ
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
“In a nation that was proud of hard work, strong families, close knit communities, and our faith in God, too many of us now tend to worship self-indulgence and consumption.”
President Jimmy Carter, 1979
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
TIMELINE1972 February: Nixon announces visit to China
May: Détente initiated during summit meetingJune: Watergate break-inNixon wins reelectionNike shoes foundedMs. Magazine publishedTitle IX of the Educational Amendments
1973 The Ervin Committee hearingsOctober: OPEC’s boycott begins The War Powers ActRoe v. WadeBillie Jean King vs. Bobby Riggs
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
TIMELINE continued1974 August: Nixon resigns
Jackson-Vanik Amendment1975 April: Saigon falls to NLF and North Vietnamese
Hudson River found to be riddled with PCBs1976 All the President’s Men
Jimmy Carter elected President1977 Panama Canal Treaty signed
Trans-Atlantic Pipeline completed1978 Love Canal sealed off
The China Syndrome1979 March: Camp David Accords signed
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
RECONSIDERING NATIONAL PRIORITIES Overview
Twin Shocks: Détente and WatergateDiscovering the Limits of the U.S.
EconomyReshuffling PoliticsDiffusing the Women’s Movement
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
TWIN SHOCKS: DÉTENTE AND WATERGATE
Triangular DiplomacyScandal in the White HouseA President Laid Low
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Triangular DiplomacyThe Triangle: U.S., Russia, and ChinaNixon first U.S. President to visit China
(1972)Initiates détente with Soviets
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Scandal in the White HouseJune 17, 1972: Nixon’s reelection campaign breaks
into Democratic National Committee Headquarters in the Watergate Hotel
Cover-up at White House ensuesSecrecy and wire-tappingPublication of the Pentagon Papers in 1971Investigative reporting by Woodward and BernsteinSenate Watergate hearings and the tapesAugust 9, 1974: Nixon resigns
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
A President Laid LowThe Watergate shadow
Percentage of voters decreasesMistrust of politicians and politicsQuestions on the balance of powers
Vice President Gerald Ford assumes office and grants a full pardon to Nixon
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
DISCOVERING THE LIMITS OF THE U.S. ECONOMY
The End of the Long BoomThe Oil EmbargoThe Environmental Movement
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
The End of the Long Boom“Stagflation”
War spending Wages drop Unemployment rise More citizens living in poverty Gap between rich and poor widens Drop in productivity
U.S. corporations move jobs to Mexico Maquiladoras Anti-immigrant sentiments
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
The Oil EmbargoIsrael seizes control of the West Bank and
Gaza Strip6 years later, Egypt and Syria attack Israel on
Yom KippurKissinger diplomacy brings ceasefire and
Arab resentment of U.S.-Israel ties October, 1973: OPEC begins embargo on
selling oil to the U.S. or western European nations that supported Israel in the war
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Imported Petroleum as Share of U.S. Consumption
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
The Environmental Movement
Sierra Club, National Wildlife Federation and Audubon Society increases membership
Capitalistic growth with finite resourcesAcid rain, smog, rainforest destruction, oil spills,
nuclear waste disposal, species extinction, ozone depletion, global warming, toxic chemicals
Cigarette smoking declines, organic foods, popularity of running, recycling, DDT banned, reduction on national speed limit to 55mph
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
RESHUFFLING POLITICSCongressional Power Reasserted“I Will Never Lie to You”Rise of a PeacemakerThe War on Waste
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Congressional Power Reasserted
War Powers Act of 1973: President cannot wage war for more than 90 days without consent of Congress
Jackson-Vanik Amendment: ties human rights to détente
Congressional investigations of CIA, FBI, My Lai
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
“I Will Never Lie to You”Jimmy Carter wins Presidency in 1976A reaction to the previous years of corruptionA poor economy and a fragmentation in the
Democratic party for the new presidentMoralistic views and a desire to balance the
federal budget hampers Carter’s work with the Congress
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Rise of a PeacemakerPardon of draft resisters Promotion of human rightsDesire to end racial discrimination Reigns in CIA and fires G.H.W. BushSigns treaties giving Panama
sovereignty over canalCamp David Accords
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
The War on Waste“the Moral equivalent of war”:
conservation of energyDepartment of Energy Tax incentives for development of
alternative sources of energyRevolution in Iran
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
DIFFUSING THE WOMEN’S MOVEMENT
The Meanings of Women’s LiberationNew Opportunities in Education, the
Workplace, and Family LifeEquality Under the LawBacklash
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
The Meanings of Women’s Liberation
Personal relationships: Ms. Magazine
Public arenaEqual pay for equal work
LawBringing to light domestic abuse and rape
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
New Opportunities in Education, the Workplace, and Family Life
Education: Number of women law students increases by 35% in 10 years; co-educational colleges
Workplace: women work in non-traditional jobs such as police office, construction workers; success in the professional careers such as doctors and lawyers
Family Life:more women in workforce changes role at home, chores shared with husband, but often in addition to outside job. Divorce rates climb as well.
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Equality Under the LawTitle IX: comparable dollars for men’s and
women’s sports programs
Equal Rights Amendment: approved by Congress and sent to states for ratification
Roe v. Wade: grants women right to make decision of whether to continue a pregnancy
The Selective Service Act of 1980
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
BacklashWomen’s new found economic
independence and educational opportunities alter male-female relationships
Resistance from women’s groups Shafly’s stop-ERA campaign helps defeat
ratificationHyde Amendment: no Medicaid funds for
indigent to have abortions