2002 두원정공 사업장의 근골격계 직업병 실태 및 작업환경 평가
206
Transcript of 2002 두원정공 사업장의 근골격계 직업병 실태 및 작업환경 평가
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1 2 3 4
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408
(93.15)
370
(84.47)
138
(31.51)
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(7.31)
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(6.39)
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83
(92.22)
73
(81.11)
28
(31.11)
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(7.78)
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(5.56)
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144
(91.14)
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(32.91)
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(9.49)
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(90.72)
77
(79.38)
29
(29.90)
6
(7.19)
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(87.78)
73
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(31.11)
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4
(4.44)
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218
(50.46)
257
(59.22)
113
(26.28)
194
(45.22)
295
(68.45)
194
(45.75)
54
(12.89)
107
(25.18)
214
(49.54)
177
(40.78)
317
(73.72)
235
(54.78)
136
(31.55)
230
(54.25)
365
(87.11)
318
(74.82)
6 4 8 9 7 7 19 13
30
(14.49)
102
(40.00)
55
(50.93)
82
(43.85)
28
(10.81)
44
(23.53)
12
(23.53)
21
(19.09)
20
(10.63)
50
(19.61)
25
(23.15)
38
(20.32)
42
(16.22)
37
(19.79)
18
(35.29)
20
(18.18)
155
(74.88)
103
(40.39)
28
(25.93)
67
(35.83)
189
(72.97)
106
(56.68)
21
(41.18)
69
(62.16)
24
(11.06)
24
(9.38)
25
(22.52)
35
(18.72)
27
(9.34)
30
(15.54)
6
(11.32)
19
(17.12)
154
(70.97)
165
(64.45)
76
(68.47)
123
(65.78)
194
(67.13)
132
(68.39)
33
(62.26)
69
(62.16)
29
(13.36)
46
(17.97)
7
(6.31)
25
(13.37)
57
(19.72)
29
(15.03)
11
(20.75)
17
(15.32)
9
(4.15)
20
(7.81)
3
(2.70)
4
(2.14)
10
(3.46)
2
(1.04)
3
(5.66)
5
(4.50)
1
(0.46)
1
(0.39)
1
(0.35)
1
(0.90)
67
(31.46)
98
(38.74)
38
(33.93)
52
(27.51)
87
(30.21)
62
(32.98)
19
(35.19)
53
(47.75)
1175
(35.21)
72
(28.46)
31
(27.68)
63
(33.33)
96
(33.33)
68
(36.17)
20
(37.04)
36
(32.43)
142
(19.72)
54
(21.34)
28
(25.00)
40
(21.16)
55
(19.10)
34
(18.09)
9
(16.67)
11
(9.91)
129
(13.62)
29
(11.46)
15
(13.39)
34
(17.99)
50
(17.36)
24
(12.77)
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(11.11)
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1 143
(68.75)
156
(62.40)
73
(66.36)
128
(70.72)
195
(68.42)
126
(68.11)
36
(66.67)
67
(62.62)
126
(12.50)
39
(15.60)
18
(16.36)
30
(16.57)
50
(17.54)
36
(19.46)
4
(7.41)
12
(11.21)
1-611
(5.29)
20
(8.00)
9
(8.18)
4
(2.21)
7
(2.46)
7
(3.78)
5
(9.26)
10
(9.35)
6 28
(13.46)
35
(14.00)
10
(9.09)
19
(10.50)
33
(11.58)
16
(8.65)
9
(16.67)
18
(16.82)
1
113
(56.78)
141
(62.39)
50
(49.50)
91
(54.17)
155
(57.41)
117
(68.42)
30
(58.82)
63
(64.29)
86
(43.22)
85
(37.61)
51
(50.50)
77
(45.83)
115
(42.59)
54
(31.58)
21
(41.18)
35
(35.71)
7
(3.26)
7
(2.80)
5
(4.31)
10
(5.32)
10
(3.52)
7
(3.26)
2
(3.45)
5
(4.67)
208
(96.74)
243
(97.20)
111
(95.69)
178
(94.68)
274
(96.48)
208
(96.74)
56
(96.55)
102
(95.33)
96
(46.38)
121
(50.00)
44
(43.56)
55
(32.16)
174
(62.59)
70
(40.23)
22
(46.81)
45
(43.69)
111
(53.62)
121
(50.00)
57
(56.44)
116
(67.84)
104
(37.41)
104
(59.77)
25
(53.19)
58
(56.31)
115
(82.73)
124
(78.48)
56
(74.67)
101
(78.91)
106
(75.18)
100
(80.65)
19
(65.52)
56
(80.00)
22
(15.83)
29
(18.35)
18
(24.00)
23
(17.97)
33
(23.40)
22
(17.74)
9
(31.03)
11
(15.71)
/
1
(0.72)
4
(2.53)
1
(1.33)
3
(2.34)
2
(1.42)
2
(1.61)
1
(3.45)
2
(2.86)
1
(0.72)
1
(0.63)
1
(0.78)
1
(1.43)
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,
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38
(21.47)
47
(22.93)
20
(23.26)
23
(16.08)
112
(44.62)
33
(21.02)
12
(30.00)
15
(18.07)
139
(78.53)
158
(77.07)
66
(76.74)
120
(83.92)
139
(55.38)
124
(78.98)
28
(70.00)
68
(81.93)
119
(79.33)
126
(75.45)
59
(76.62)
113
(81.29)
120
(77.92)
103
(81.10)
23
(69.70)
55
(79.71)
26
(17.33)
33
(19.76)
14
(18.18)
20
(14.39)
33
(21.43)
21
(16.54)
8
(24.24)
12
(17.39)
/
5
(3.33)
8
(4.79)
4
(5.19)
6
(4.32)
1
(0.65)
3
(2.36)
2
(6.06)
2
(2.90)
(2) ( ) : %
-
- 46 -
3-1-4.
.
( 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
,
(1
3 ) .
.
VE PE
(20 )40
(47.1)
51
(33.1)
20
(21.3)
20
(28.2)
34
( 20-60 )
38
(44.7)
80
(52.0)
66
(70.2)
40
(56.3)
( 60 )
7
(8.2)
23
(14.9)
8
(8.5)
11
(15.5)
(1 3 )
37
(56.9)
65
(45.5)
37
(44.6)
23
(43.4)
94
(1 8 )14
(21.5)
57
(39.9)
32
(38.6)
23
(43.4)
(1 12 )
14
(21.5)
21
(14.7)
14
(16.9)
7
(13.2)
39
(57.4)
70
(57.9)
54
(76.1)
35
(70.0)
128
29
(42.7)
51
(42.2)
17
(23.9)
15
(30.0)
.
,
1 10 .
, .
-
- 47 -
VE PE
15
(18.1)
55
(36.9)
28
(30.4)
36
(50.7)
43
57
(68.7)
85
(57.1)
63
(68.5)
29
(40.9)
11
(13.3)
9
(6.0)
1
(1.1)
6
(8.5)
11
(12.9)
12
(7.8)
4
(4.4)
17
(25.4)
42
27
(31.8)
35
(22.9)
37
(40.7)
32
(47.8)
47
(55.3)
106
(69.3)
50
(55.0)
18
(26.9)
(5Kg)
, 4
.
(1-4kg) .
,
.
VE PE
32
(39.0)
41
(27.5)
20
(21.7)
39
(54.2)
43
50
(61.0)
108
(72.5)
72
78.3)
33
(45.8)
1 10 37
(46.8)
71
(49.7)
42
(47.2)
36
(61.0)
68
1 11-2018
(22.8)
48
(33.6)
23
(25.8)
14
(23.7)
1 20 24
(30.4)
24
(16.8)
24
(27.0)
9
(15.3)
VE PE
40
(47.6)
53
(35.3)
25
(27.2)
35
(49.3)
41
, 26
(31.0)
54
(36.0)
55
(59.8)
32
(45.1)
, 18
(21.4)
43
(28.7)
12
(13.0)
4
(5.6)
-
- 48 -
VE PE
2
(2.5)
1
(0.7)
4
(4.4)
18
(25.0)
45
0
(0.0)
1
(0.7)
3
(3.3)
3
(4.2)
79
(97.5)
146
(98.7)
85
(92.4)
51
(70.8)
VE PE
(5kg)39
(46.4)
63
(40.9)
14
(15.2)
18
(24.3)
34
(6-10kg)14
(16.7)
53
(34.4)
28
(30.4)
13
(17.6)
(11-20kg)24
(28.6)
20
(13.0)
34
(37.0)
17
(23.0)
(20kg)7
(8.3)
18
(11.7)
16
(17.4)
26
(35.1)
238
(48.7)
42
(28.0)
40
(44.0)
46
(65.7)
49
2-44
(5.1)
8
(5.3)
10
(11.0)
8
(11.4)
4
36
(46.2)
100
(66.7)
41
(45.1)
16
(22.9)
(1kg)31
(40.8)
29
(19.2)
8
(8.7)
18
(25.0)
47
(1-4kg)24
(31.6)
74
(49.0)
34
(37.0)
21
(29.2)
(4kg)21
(27.6)
48
(31.8)
50
(54.4)
33
(45.8)
64
(81.0)
94
(62.3)
50
(55.0)
49
(66.2)
43
9
(11.4)
41
(27.2)
26
(28.6)
16
(21.6)
6
(7.6)
16
(10.6)
15
(16.5)
9
(12.2)
(
)
42
(50.0)
55
(36.0)
27
(29.4)
17
(22.1)
32
(
)
42
(50.0)
98
(64.1)
65
(70.7)
60
(77.9)
,
-
- 49 -
VE PE
.12
(13.6)
19
(12.3)
11
(11.8)
12
(14.8)
22
.46
(52.3)
63
(40.9)
46
(49.5)
26
(32.1)
.3
(3.4)
14
(9.1)
5
(5.4)
1
(1.2)
.27
(30.7)
58
(37.7)
31
(33.3)
42
(51.9)
.13
(14.8)
19
(12.3)
7
(7.5)
13
(16.5)
24
.34
(38.6)
47
(30.5)
35
(37.6)
8
(10.1)
.21
(23.9)
44
(28.6)
30
(32.3)
24
(30.4)
.20
(22.7)
44
(28.6)
21
(22.6)
34
(43.0)
.14
(16.3)
12
(7.7)
6
(6.5)
11
(14.5)
28
, .19
(22.1)
44
(28.4)
21
(22.6)
11
(14.5)
.48
(55.8)
85
(54.8)
56
(60.2)
32
(42.1)
5
(5.8)
14
(9.0)10
(10.8)
22
(29.0)
, ,
3-1-5.
.( 22)
VE PE
. 24(27.9)
58(37.7)
35(37.6)
19(25.0)
29 .
45(52.3)
75(48.7)
45(48.4)
21(27.6)
.15(17.4)
19(12.3)
12(12.9)
20(26.3)
. 2(2.3)
2(1.3)
1(1.1)
16(21.1)
.1(1.2)
2(1.3)
1(1.1)
4(5.0)
25 .
13(15.1)
24(15.6)
17(18.3)
14(17.5)
. 47(54.7)
91(59.1)
53(57.0)
34(42.5)
.25(29.1)
37(24.0)
22(23.7)
28(35.0)
-
- 50 -
3-1-6.
,
, .( 23, 24, 25,
26) 30.99 () 33.20
2.21, 52.70 () 59.59
6.89.12)
30.99 52.70 8.06 11.30 19.37
6.13 11.33 2.71 2.10 3.91
8 16 4 2 5
409 397 414 422 413
29 41 24 16 25
75% 35 60 10 12 22
31 52 8 12 19
25% 27 44 6 10 17
* * *
31.536.07 53.1911.60 8.632.61 11.401.96 20.043.62
VE 30.366.30 49.2210.43 7.082.57 11.202.15 18.273.68
PE 30.526.01 51.0310.00 8.202.32 11.091.97 19.293.47
31.985.92 60.4210.34 9.092.94 11.642.23 20.044.46
*:p-value
-
- 51 -
* * *
/ 29.595.43 58.659.62 9.482.32 11.361.80 20.843.71
31.086.23 51.3111.20 7.552.47 11.212.15 18.783.66
*:p-value
-
- 52 -
3-1-7.
. ( 27, 28)
% %
?355 86.80 54 13.20 29
? 389 94.88 21 5.12 28
? 341 86.11 55 13.89 42
? 213 57.10 160 42.90 65
//
( ) ?158 38.73 250 61.27 30
?385 98.72 5 1.28 48
() ?373 98.94 4 1.06 61
?233 60.52 152 39.48 53
?217 56.66 166 43.34 55
?259 71.94 101 28.06 78
?306 83.38 61 16.62 71
?220 80.59 53 19.41 165
? 233 64.01 131 35.99 74
? 198 70.71 82 29.29 158
(1)
-
- 53 -
% %
? 289 74.29 100 25.71 49
?246 64.06 138 35.94 54
?228 58.76 160 41.24 50
?242 63.19 141 36.81 55
? 270 67.16 132 32.84 36
()
?243 61.52 152 38.48 43
, ? 292 75.65 94 24.35 52
()
?335 88.16 45 11.84 58
() ,
?374 98.16 7 1.84 57
,
?391 98.24 7 1.76 40
(CC-TV)
?.
389 98.23 7 1.77 42
() ? 170 43.26 223 56.74 393
? 291 75.39 95 24.61 52
, ? 377 97.67 9 2.33 52
(2)
// ( )
.
-
- 54 -
3-2.
3-2-1. ( )
.( 37-39)
() ( 1-2/ 1
, social drinker) ( 3-5/ 1, heavy
drinker) , 1, 2
.
( )*( ) 4(25%)
10(75%) , 1, 2
,
1 10=
-
- 55 -
, (20-60
vs 60 ) .
(1 3
)() (1 8 ) (1 12
) 1, 2
. (1 12 )
(1 3 )() 2 2.0
. ( vs )
.
()
, 1, 2
, 2 3.3 .
() ,
1, 2
, 1 2.9 .
()
, 1,
2 . 1 3.0,
2 1.7 . 1 10
() 1 20
1, 2 , 2
2.6 .
() ,
1, 2 ,
( vs )
. ()
, 1, 2
.
4 () 4
, 1, 2
, 1 2.3 .
-
- 56 -
(1Kg)
() (1-4Kg) (4Kg),
1, 2 ,
.
()
, 1, 2
, ( vs )
.
() , 1,
2 .
()
,
1, 2
. 1 3.1 .
()
, 1, 2
. 1 2.1 .
3-2-4. ( )
()
, 1, 2
.
()
, 1, 2
.( 52)
3-2-5. ( )
, , , ,
( ),
-
- 57 -
. ( 53)
1, 2 .
1, 2 , 2
0.6 .
1, 2
, 2 0.6 .
3-2-6. ( )
28 .
28 .
, ,
,
, ()
, () , ()
, , ,
, // ( )
, ,
, ,
,
, ,
, ()
.
( ()
), (
, )
.
( 5,
() 4) .
-
- 58 -
.( 54-58)
(1)
, .
(2)
()
1, 2 2 1.7
. ()
1, 2
, 1 8.8
. ,
1, 2
, 2 4.3 .
(3)
// ()
1, 2
.
(4)
1, 2
.
1, 2
, 1 3.1 .
(5)
-
- 59 -
1, 2
, 1 2 1.9
.
1, 2
, 2 1.8 .
1, 2
, 1 2.2, 2 2.4 .
3-3. ( )
.
.
, , , , , ,
/ . (
,/
.) QEC scoring
method , , ,
. , , , ,
. ,
, , , .
28
,
.
27 ( 6, 2,
7, 2, 5, 5)
1 , 3.1(95%
1.01-9.62), 6.6(95% 1.44-30.27)
( ) . ( 29)
-
- 60 -
27 2 ,
1.1(95% 1.02-1.14)
2.1(95% 1.08-3.91) ( )
.( 30)
(1) Adjusted OR 95% CI
142(39.6) 40(66.7) 1.0
217(60.5) 20(33.3) 3.1 1.01-9.62
153(48.9) 39(76.5) 1.0
160(51.1) 12(23.5) 6.6 1.44-30.27
(1 )
(2) Adjusted OR 95% CI
1.1 1.02-1.14
41(31.3) 117(42.2) 1.0
90(68.7) 160(57.8) 2.1 1.08-3.91
(2 )
3-4.
2000
. 2000 .
1998 2000 .
-
- 61 -
.
(%)
(%)
1992 14 3.52 1998 63 15.83
1993 9 2.26 1999 61 15.33
1994 10 2.51 2000 96 24.12
1995 13 3.27 2001 51 12.81
1996 15 3.77 2002 33 8.29
1997 33 8.29 398 100
40
438
(%) (%)/
(%)
/(%)
/(%)
/
(%)
/
(%)
/(%)
1986 0(0) 1(0.46) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0)
1987 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 1(0.67) 0(0) 0(0)
1988 1(0.54) 2(0.92) 1(1.08) 1(0.65) 2(0.80) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1.11)
1989 1(0.54) 0(0) 0(0) 0(0) 5(1.99) 0(0) 0(0) 1(1.11)
1990 1(0.54) 0(0) 4(4.30) 2(1.29) 6(2.39) 3(2.01) 0(0) 1(1.11)
1991 0(0) 1(0.46) 0(0) 1(0.65) 6(2.39) 19(0.67) 1(2.78) 0(0)
1992 0(0) 1(0.46) 0(0) 0(0) 3(1.20) 2(1.34) 0(0) 2(2.22)
1993 1(0.54) 1(0.46) 0(0) 2(1.29) 4(1.59) 1(0.67) 0(0) 1(1.11)
1994 6(3.23) 3(1.38) 1(1.08) 1(0.65) 5(1.99) 0(0) 0(0) 4(4.44)
1995 7(3.76) 6(2.75) 4(4.30) 3(1.94) 14(5.58) 7(4.70) 4(11.11) 0(0)
1996 3(1.61) 4(1.83) 0(0) 2(1.29) 7(2.79) 8(5.37) 2(5.56) 5(5.56)
1997 7(3.76) 7(3.21) 4(4.30) 7(4.52) 15(5.98) 8(5.37) 2(5.56) 1(1.11)
1998 22(11.83) 25(11.47) 5(5.38) 12(7.74) 14(5.58) 12(8.05) 2(5.56) 8(8.89)
1999 17(9.14) 14(6.42) 6(7.53) 9(5.81) 31(12.35) 13(8.72) 1(2.78) 10(11.11)
2000 51(27.42) 62(28.44) 18(19.35) 37(21.94) 49(19.52) 30(20.13) 10(27.78) 22(24.44)
2001 28(15.05) 45(20.64) 25(26.88) 34(21.94) 48(19.12) 34(22.82) 6(16.67) 15(16.67)
2002 41(22.04) 46(21.10) 24(25.81) 44(28.39) 42(16.73) 29(19.46) 8(22.22) 19(21.11)
-
- 62 -
4.
4-1. 1
438 2 138 130
2 11 141 1
. 32.2% .
1 2 3
% % %
370 84.47 138 31.51 32 7.31
4-2. 2
1
, MRI
116 1 141 82.3%, 438
26.5% .
80%
26.5%
20.1% .
-
- 63 -
*
2 1
(130)110 19 2 131**
2
(11)6 2 3 11
(141) 116 21 5 142
1
*
**2 1 .
4-3.
1
.( 35) PE 29.9% , VE, ,
22.7% .
22 90 24.4
VE 39 158 24.7
PE 29 97 29.9
25 90 27.8
115 435 26.4
-
- 64 -
4-4.
1
.( 36) 78, 43.33%
, , .
** 78 43.33
12 6.67
9 5.00
8 4.44
8 4.44
6 3.33
6 3.33
, 6 3.33
5 2.78
DeQuervain's Disease 4 2.22
4 2.22
4 2.22
3 1.67
Guyon 2 1.11
2 1.11
, , 2 1.11
2 1.11
2 1.11
2 1.11
1 0.56
1 0.56
1 0.56
1 0.56
1 0.56
, 1 0.56
1 0.56
9 5.00
180 100.00
(2) *
*
**, ,
-
- 65 -
5.
.
531 , 82.5%
438 .
.
5-1.
438 2 138 130
2 11 141 1
. 32.2% . 1
, MRI 2
116 2 . 1
78, 43.33% ,
, .
5-2.
.
-
- 66 -
5-2-1.
,
,
.
, /
.
, ( (20
) () vs
(20-60 ) vs (60 ))
.
, ,
, ()
,
.
.
.
,
.
( ()
, , / ), ( ),
( , , ), (
, ,
) .
5-2-2.
-
- 67 -
.
1 ,
3.1(95% 1.01-9.62), 6.6(95%
1.44-30.27) ( ) ,
2 , 1.1
(95% 1.02-1.14) 2.1(95%
1.08-3.91) ( ) .
5-3.
,
,
, , , ,
.
.
3 .
-
- 68 -
1.
, , ,
, ,
2.
,
-
-,
- ()
- , ,
- ,
-
- ,
-
- ,
-, ,
-
-
-
-
-
-----
-,
-*, , -, *, *-, , , -, , , , , , , ,
, , ,
-, (1 )-, (2 )
1.
, , ,
, ,
2.
,
-
-,
- ()
- , ,
- ,
-
- ,
-
- ,
-, ,
-
-
-
-
-
-----
-,
-*, , -, *, *-, , , -, , , , , , , ,
, , ,
-, (1 )-, (2 )
*
-
- 69 -
(kg/m2)
35
()35-39 40
20
()
20
2525
(OR)* 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.9
95% CI** (0.55-1.39) (0.53-1.42) (0.38-1.69) (0.41-2.02)
(OR) 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.6
95% CI (0.78-1.97) (0.65-1.70) (0.30-1.38) (0.27-1.37)
/ (OR) 1.0 1.7 1.8 1.0 0.7 0.8
95% CI (0.92-3.02) (0.97-3.29) (0.29-1.51) (0.31-1.85)
/ (OR) 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.2 0.9
95% CI (0.53-1.36) (0.42-1.17) (0.57-2.75) (0.38-2.12)
/ (OR) 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.3
95% CI (0.51-1.30) (0.57-1.52) (0.60-2.63) (0.59-2.95)
/ (OR) 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.5
95% CI (0.67-1.75) (0.70-1.90) (0.53-2.59) (0.63-3.38)
/ (OR) 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.0 0.8 0.7
95% CI (0.60-2.85) (0.61-3.05) (0.26-2.41) (0.20-2.32)
/ (OR) 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.3
95% CI (0.70-2.16) (0.61-2.02) (0.33-1.94) (0.53-3.44)
1 (OR) 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.5
95% CI (0.55-1.90) (0.76-3.10) (0.51-3.15) (0.54-4.32)
2 (OR) 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.0 0.8 2.1
95% CI (0.62-1.74) (0.95-2.70) (0.37-1.89) (0.89-5.00)
(1)
*(OR) :
.
.
**95% CI(Confidence Interval, 95%) : 100
95 .
-
- 70 -
()
social
drinker
heavy
drinker
()
(OR) 1.0 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.9 1.3
95% CI (0.23-0.71) (0.13-0.67) (0.50-1.69) (0.83-2.04)
(OR) 1.0 0.6 0.5 1.0 1.2 0.9
95% CI (0.36-1.12) (0.24-1.12) (0.68-2.20) (0.61-1.45)
/ (OR) 1.0 1.1 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.4
95% CI (0.54-2.07) (0.27-1.93) (0.51-2.26) (0.81-2.38)
/ (OR) 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.8
95% CI (0.44-1.37) (0.53-2.53) (0.65-2.35) (1.09-2.84)
/ (OR) 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1
95% CI (0.44-1.36) (0.46-2.21) (0.49-1.60) (0.73-1.75)
/ (OR) 1.0 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.9
95% CI (0.33-1.01) (0.41-1.93) (0.58-1.94) (0.55-1.37)
/ (OR) 1.0 0.5 0.2 1.0 0.9 0.9
95% CI (0.25-1.09) (0.04-0.92) (0.33-2.24) (0.45-1.81)
/ (OR) 1.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.5
95% CI (0.23-0.79) (0.45-2.26) (0.69-2.96) (0.87-2.64)
1 (OR) 1.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.9
95% CI (0.18-1.26) (0.16-1.79) (0.45-2.40) (0.51-1.73)
2 (OR) 1.0 0.6 0.5
95% CI (0.31-0.97) (0.24-1.21)
(2)
-
- 71 -
( )*( )
()
4
: .
-
- 112 -
7) BARREL
BARR
EL
(1) 2 2 3 2(0) 2 5 1(1) 6 3
(2) 3 1 3 2(1) 1 1 1(0) 4 2
C/S sleeve
3 2 2 1(1) 2 1 1(0) 4 2
RULA (BARREL)
:
1m5cm .
.
: .
C/SLEEVE : 10kg 10box
. .
honing 1,500 1 750
. .
.
-
- 113 -
C/SLEEVE
8) CON SLEEVE
P/H 3 2 3 2(1) 2 1 1(0) 4 2
RULA (CON SLEEVE)
CON SLEEVE / PLUNCER: 2, 1 . 1 600
.
9) HEAD BODY
HEAD
BODY
22 T/F M/C 3 2 4 1(1) 1 4 1(0) 6 3
4 2 2 1(0) 2 5 1(0) 6 3
RULA (HEAD BODY)
HEAD BODY: 1,300 .
4. 2 . 1.4kg head body
.
.
. 100 2
.
. head body
.
-
- 114 -
T/F M/C
10) HEAD SUB
HEAD
SUB 4 2 2 2(1) 2 2 1(0) 4 2
RULA (HEAD SUB)
HEAD SUB: head sub .
2 1 750 . 200
.
. 1.5kg
1,500
. .
11) HEAD ASS'Y
HEAD
ASS'Y
PLUNGER 4 2 3 2(0) 2 3 1(0) 5 3
2 2 2 2(1) 2 2 1(0) 3 2
RULA (HEAD ASS'Y)
-->head-->
-
- 115 -
HEAD SUB PLUNGER
**VE . 30 (
) - . .
12) VE
3 2 3 2(1) 2 3 1(0) 5 3
MS(1) 2 2 2 2(3) 2 2 1(0) 4 2
MS(2) 2 2 2 2(1) 2 5 1(0) 6 3
RULA (VE )
VE :
. 1 . DOT
ROLLER A'SSY, Piston, Timer springDiskcam disk k-mabHeadMS
G/CoverC/Lever .
.
.
MS
.
: 4kg
. 1 2 150
.
90cm
24cm 1m35cm
.
-
- 116 -
VE MS( )
13) VE
3 2 4 2(2) 2 3 1(0) 6 3
RULA (VE )
VE : 1 50 3 30 T/B
8 4-4.5kg
400 .
(Running T/B)
.
.
.
. VE
.
-
- 117 -
VE
14)
1 1 2 2(2) 2 3 1(0) 4 2
3 2 4 2(3) 2 2 1(0) 5 3
RULA (VE )
* 2 500 .
: . 5kg 1
1,250 30
. pump
. 1 50 .
: .
.
: 4 21 . 1 38 4
.
.
15)
-
- 118 -
2 2 3 2(2) 3 1 1(0) 5 3
4 2 3 2(3) 3 2 1(0) 6 3
RULA ()
: 1,500 .
.
1 125
.
:
.
.
16)
2 2 2 1(3) 2 5 1(0) 7 4
RULA (VE )
:
6.8kg 9kg .
85cm 25cm
. . 1
1,200 .
-
- 119 -
VE VE
3-2-3. PE
1) PE
PE-A 4 2 3 2(3) 3 3 1(0) 7 4
SLOTER 4 2 3 2(3) 4 4 1(0) 7 4
PE-P 4 2 3 2(3) 3 4 1(0) 7 4
2 2 3 2(2) 4 3 1(0) 7 4
RULA (PE )
PE-A: 1 4 6 130
. 3kg 8kg 20 .
PE-P: , .
(10) 100
(8kg) . PE
450-500
. 1
90 .
30-80
2 1 .
1 .
-
- 120 -
( 4 )
.
2) PE
4 2 3 2(3) 4 1 1(0) 7 4
RULA (PE )
PE : 4 2
. PE-A PE-P .
50%
.
. 200 250
.
PE-A slottter PE-P
PE .
4 5
. 2000
200 2
. IMF PE
.
96 2000
-
- 121 -
.
3) PEA CELL LINE
5 2 3 2(2) 4 5 1(0) 7 4
1 3 2 3 2(2) 3 1 1(0) 5 3
5 3 3 2(2) 5 5 1(0) 7 4
5 2 4 2(2) 4 5 2(1) 7 4
RULA (PE-A CELL LINE)
PE-A CELL LINE:
. , ,
.
.
CELL line CELL line
. PE .
. 1
.
.
PE-A cell line PE-A cell line
4) PE-A
-
- 122 -
2 2 2 2(2) 4 1 1(0) 6 3
3 2 3 2(3) 2 5 1(1) 7 4
1 2 2 3 2(1) 3 1 1(0) 4 2
5 3 3 2(2) 5 5 1(0) 7 4
6 2 3 2(1) 4 2 1(0) 7 4
RULA (PE-A )
PE-A: .
. PE
( )
. 6 20 .
1 timing 7kg 15kg
100
.
Sub 3 1 .
sub 1 cell line sub
.
. IMF
,
.
. 7-15kg 70(5), 1
15 15 3
45 .
.
5) PE-P
-
- 123 -
PL Block 6 2 3 2(2) 3 3 1(0) 7 4
CAM shaft 4 2 3 2(2) 3 4 1(1) 7 4
4 2 3 2(1) 3 2 1(0) 5 3
3 2 3 2(1) 2 2 1(0) 4 2
1 1 2 3 2(1) 2 1 1(0) 3 2
4 3 3 2(3) 2 3 2(0) 7 4
RULA (PE-P )
PE-P : PL Block
. 8-90 PE
. CAM shaft 10 80
. 3 (240)
.
.
. 15kg 14 3
.
.
PE
.
.
7 3
.
.
-
- 124 -
PE-P PE-P ( )
6) PE-M
3 2 2 2(1) 2 2 1(0) 4 2
(1) 2 2 3 2(1) 3 1 1(0) 4 2
(2) 3 2 3 2(1) 3 3 1(1) 5 3
plunger
3 2 3 2(4) 2 5 1(0) 7 4
3 2 3 2(1) 3 1 1(0) 4 2
3 2 3 2(1) 3 2 1(1) 5 3
4 3 3 2(4) 3 2 1(0) 6 3
RULA (PE-M )
PE-M : PE-M PE
.(
) . 200
.
6 6 126. 4 3
2 3
. 6 126 4
75 .(1 2.1 30 1
) PE-M
.
PE-M PLUNGER PE-M
.
-
- 125 -
. 7kg
.
85 2 170 141cm
.
.
PE-M 13 . 10
15 . ,
4(154=60) .
PE-M .
.
140
.
PE-M
7) PE-M
4 2 3 2(3) 3 4 1(0) 7 4
RULA (PE-M )
PE-M : SUB . PE
.
.
. 3 .
-
- 126 -
.
. 1 30
(
2.5kg) 4 .
5 . 3
.
8)
: PE-M 1, PE-P, PE-A 1
. PE-M 7.5kg 140, PE-P, PE-A
12kg 20kg 80 . PE-P
, ,
. 4
.
3-2-4.
1)
3 2 2 2(2) 2 1 1(0) 3 2
2 1 2 1(1) 2 3 1(0) 4 2
3 2 2 2(1) 2 3 1(0) 5 3
2 1 2 2(2) 3 1 1(1) 5 3
() 3 2 2 2(0) 2 3 1(1) 5 3
3 2 2 2(2) 2 2 1(0) 4 2
RULA ()
: .
.
.
.
-
- 127 -
.
. 13
3 .
: .
.
.
(5-10kg) .
: 15 7 1
.
.
: (
.
) .
: 2 1 . 4m
()
.
.
.
50 .
:
.
.
.
: .
.
.
.
.
-
- 128 -
.
(30kg)
.
.
.
. (
) .
.
.
box .
.
.
: 3 .
3 .
20
.
: .
.
20kg
. 10
. .
.
80
.
-
- 129 -
2)
4 2 3 2(4) 3 5 2(1) 7 4
(
)4 2 3 2(2) 3 5 1(0) 7 4
2 2 2 2(1) 2 2 1(0) 3 2
3 2 2 2(1) 2 1 1(0) 4 2
RULA ()
:
.
.
.
300
.
.
:
. .
10kg 15kg 50
. 1 3-4 .
: 10kg
-
- 130 -
40 .
.
(): 3
.
line: 1
. 2 1
450 . 1 100 .
.
1.2kg head 1,300
.
3-2-5.
2 2 3 2(1) 2 3 2(0) 6 3
RULA ( )
Hub Sub: .
. .
BOX
.
.
-
- 131 -
PE
.
.
3-3. RULA
RULA 1 . 2, 3, 4
.
3-3-1. 2
:
DLLA-P
DLL-S /20 ///
DN-PD(1)///(1)/
(2)/
DN-S /(1)///
KCAS-P /
KDAL-2 (2)
VE
BARREL (2)/C/S sleeve
CAM DISC /
CON SLEEVE P/H
D.V ASS'Y //
DRIVE SHAFT /S/F(1)
F/P ASS'Y (1)/ (2)
F/P ASS'Y //R/(1)
HEAD ASS'Y
HEAD SUB
R/H ASS'Y //(1)
VE MS(1)
PE
PE-A 1
PE-M /(1)/
PE-P /1
/
//
RULA 2
-
- 132 -
3-3-2. 3
:
DLLA-P
DLL-S
DN-PD (2)
DN-S (2)
KDAL-S /(1)/(2)
NEEDLE VALVE
PLUNGER
VE
/()/ /
BARREL (1)
D.V ASS'Y
DRIVE SHAFT S/F(2)
F/P ASS'Y (2)
HEAD ASS'Y PLUNGER/22 T/F M/C/
R/H ASS'Y (2)
/
VE /MS(2)
VE
PE
PE-A
PE-A CELL LINE 1
PE-M (2)//
PE-P
//()
RULA 3
3-3-3. 4
:
-
- 133 -
KDAL-2 (1)
VE
/ //
( )/
PE
PE-A /SLOTER
PE-A //
PE-A CELL LINE //
PE
PE-M
PE-M plunger
PE-P /
PE-P PL Block /CAM shaft/
/()
RULA 4
119 2 55 (46.2%) 3
37 (36.2%) 4 27 (22.7%).
3 4 58.9%
. 4
3 (9.1%), PE 16 (57.1%), VE 6
(12.7%) .
-
- 134 -
4.
, ,
, , .
.
.
, , .
, , , ,
,
,
.
.
( ) .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
-
- 135 -
PE
.
, ,
,
.
-
- 136 -
RULA
3
DLLA-P
DLL-S
DN-PD (2)
DN-S (2)
KDAL-S , (1),
(2)
NEEDLE VALVE
PLUNGER
,
.
,
.
.
.
.
VE
, ()
, ,
BARREL (1)
D.V ASS'Y
DRIVE SHAFT S/F(2)
F/P ASS'Y (2)
HEAD ASS'Y PLUNGER, 22 T/F
M/C,
R/H ASS'Y (2)
,
VE , MS(2)
VE
VE
.
BOX .
.
,
.
PE
PE-A
PE-A CELL LINE 1
PE-M (2), ,
PE-P
PE
.
.
, , ()
.
HUBSUB
.
-
- 137 -
RULA
4
KDAL-2 (1)
.
.
.
.
VE
,
, , ( ),
.
.
PE
PE-A , SLOTER
PE-A , ,
CELL LINE , ,
PE-M plunger
PE-P ,
PE-P PL Block , CAM
shaft,
PE .
.
, , ,
.
.
, ()
.
.
.
*RULA 3, 4 .
-
- 138 -
1.
1-1.
1-1-1.
,
,
.
. 80
(
) .
80 ,
,
.
(// )
. /
()
.
.
, ()
. ,
/
. .
-
- 139 -
200 .
, ,
.
1-1-2.
, .
. 1997
.
1998 2002 ,
, , , 4 .
, ,
, 2 ,
. ,
()
.
.
,
, ,
.
.
, , 1998 3
.
/ 40%
. ,
-
- 140 -
.
/
.
,
. , ,
.
/
. ,
90 IMF 97 98
.
.
, /
, ,
. 90
,
, ,
.
, , ,
.
.
.
.
. , /
-
- 141 -
.
,
.
1-2.
1-2-1. ?
, ,
, . ,
. ,
,
.
.
.
1 . ,
.
.
. ,
.
, . ()
.
.
1-2-2. : ,
.
-
- 142 -
. ,
.
, ()
, .
.
. . ,
.
, .
() .
= .
= . , ,
. , = ,
= .
,
.
.
. .
. .
.
, 3
. ,
.
(
). .
,
. .
, ,
-
- 143 -
, .
, ,
.
1 24 ,
,
.
1 24
.
, .
, , ,
. = /
,
/ .
,
.
/
.
, , ,
.
.
,
.
.
,
. /
.
1 24 , /
, / .
-
- 144 -
,
,
/
, .
.
.
/ , /
. ,
, ,
. ,
, / ,
. ,
.
/ ,
= .
,
, .
,
.
.
.
, .
.
,
.
,
, .
, ,
. ,
-
- 145 -
,
. /
,
.
( )
,
.
1-2-3.
, ,
.
(=)
.
,
.
.
: .
: .
: .
: , /
.
: .
: .
, , : .
: .
: !
:
!
: 1 !
(. ) .
, .
-
- 146 -
,
.
/
,
.
-
- 147 -
2.
2-1.
2-1-1.
.
. (host factor), (individual environmental
factor), (group environmental factor) .
,
,
,
.
,
, ,
.
, ,
.
, ,
-
- 148 -
.
, ,
.
.
.
.
,
.
,
.
2-1-2.
.
,
.
,
.
25Kg 10 1m
50Kg 5
250(kg/) . 1 10
8 2 20 8
8 (80 )
.
, , 8
-
- 149 -
.
.
.
.
,
.
,
.
.
,
.
.
.
,
. , , , ,
, .
,
.
.
.
-
- 150 -
.
. .
.
, , , ,
, ,
.
,
, .
.
,
.
,
,
.
.
-
- 151 -
2-2.
.
1997 2002
.
.
.
.
2-2-1.
. 7 .
, , , ,
, , .
.
. ,
, , ,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
-
- 152 -
// () ?
?
?
?
, ?
() ?
() , ?
, ?
?
?
?
?.
() ?.
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
2-2-2.
20% .
VE , PE , ,
5n+1(n=0 ) 97 .
5n+1
. 3
5 .
30
.
.
-
- 153 -
,
.
( / / )
(/ / /
/ )
( 5 ) ( /
/ / /
/ )
( / )
/ /
/ )
5
.
, , , ,
() ,
.
.
2-2-3.
4
. / () /
/ () .
(%) . (%)
.
(OLI, Over-Loading Index, %)
= ( - ) / X 100
-
- 154 -
1
()
1
1
()
1
.
( )
.
(%)
. (%)
.
(LI, Limitation Index, %) = / X 100
(%)
.
.
.
-
- 155 -
3.
3-1.
3-1-1.
.
1997 ,
.
. 98
.
1.
1) : 98 .
2) : 98 250%
.
2.
1)
) 2000 2 .
1/4 ( 14 )
. .
) 45() :
.
( )
1998 ()
98 99 45 2
2001 2 .
.
2000 .
1
. ,
, .
-
- 156 -
2000
.
,
.
.
3-1-2. 1997
1997
4 165
(1997-2002. ). 6 4
165 32 20%
80% . 1998
,
.
(*)
1997 19 5 24
1998 5 1 6
1999 21 3 24
2000 35 4 39
2001 25 3 28
2002 28 16 44
() 133 32 165
(*) 4
6 80%(133/165) .
. 6 VE
52 3 100
8.95
.
. 2000
,
-
- 157 -
. 100 6
.
VE PE *
1997 1 6 3 2 2 1 7 2 5 19
1998 1 1 4 1 5
1999 6 1 4 5 2 5 1 3 21
2000 2 9 1 9 9 1 6 2 4 35
2001 1 6 6 1 6 1 6 1 3 25
2002 8 13 3 3 4 4 8 1 16 28
52 29 30 43 11 165
** 13 6.3 7.7 8.7 1.3 37
# 190.3 100.6 86 142.6 55.6 581.3
## 6.83 6.26 8.95 6.1 2.34 6.37
* , ,
** 2000-2002 10
# 2000, 2001, 2002
## 100 2000-2002 3
6.836.26
8.95
6.12
2.34
6.37
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
VE PE NZ
3 ( 100 )
-
- 158 -
3-1-3.
97 ,
959(1997) 623(2002 10) 35% .
2.5(/100) 7.06(/100) 282%
. 2000
1997 2040 2000 2140
230% .
2000 .
.
2.5
0.77
3.45
5.75
4.5
7.06
9.59
7.82
6.69 6.78
6.23 6.23
2.04
1.211
1.7332.011
1.75 1.65
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
(100 ) (x 100) (x )
.
1997 280%
.
.
-
- 159 -
.
3-2.
3-2-1.
(1) ( 437)
437. 426(97.5%)
11(2.5%). / 40
(11%) 338(77.3%) .
90, VE 158, PE 97, 89 .
, , , .
(2)
, 20% ,
16(16.3%), VE 37(37.8%), PE
17(17.3%), 28(28.6%) .
%
16 16.3
VE 37 37.8
PE 17 17.3
28 28.6
98 100
3-2-2.
.
.
-
- 160 -
.
,
.
(1)
.
. . PE
PE
. 1998
.
2000 .
.
-
... ,
4... , 5 . 3 ,
, ... ... VE 2 .
4 .
. VE ... ... ...
.(VE )
PE-M ...
... VE. 3, 5 ... PE .. 1 .. 1, 1
.. ... ... 2000 10 . 97 5 2
... ...
PE ...
... 57 60
10 ... PE
, ... .
... ...
VE ... . .
.. IMF
. ...
... ... ..
...(VE )
-
- 161 -
-
VE. 7 7 . . PE. PE-M
. 4,5 . .. , VE ,
, , .
. , PE .
PE ...
. 7,8 .(PE )
-
. , 4 . .
. 4 , VE 5 . ,
. () , ...
... (VE )
PE 2. VE 1. VE. 7 .
, IMF .
. ,
... .
(VE )
- / /
, ,
.
,
.
.
. ,
.
. . ,
, ... 2
, . ...
. , ,
... 2/3 . ... 2 ,
-
- 162 -
... . .
, ... ...
, . 100 .
, 1 2 ,
. , . ...
, . ,
. . ,
.(VE )
... .... ... ...
... , ... ...
. ... ... , .
, . ... . ...
... ... ... .
, , ...( )
... , .
. .
. . . .
. . . .
. . .
, . . .
. . ... ... . ...
. . . ... . , ,
, .
. . . .
. (VE )
, . , ,
.... . , .
. ,
, , .
, . (VE )
... , ...
. .
, , , ,
. , , ...
, ...
, ,
. ... .(VE )
-
- 163 -
. ... . .
... ....
. .
... .(PE
)
3-2-3.
(1)
(%)
VE PE
(%) (%) (%) (%)
163(37.3) 35(49.3) 63(44.7) 36(40.4) 29(54.7)
192(43.9) 36(50.7) 78(55.3) 53(59.6) 24(45.3)
82(18.8)
No() 163(37.3) 1) ?2) ?3) ?4) ?
.
No() : () : () : () : () :
() 50(11.4)
() 52(11.9)
() 44(10.1)
() 46(10.5)
82(18.8)
192(43.9%) , , ,
. 20.6%
90
.
-
- 164 -
191%( 98) .( = 37
) 170%(92)
.( = 22)
(2)
.
,
,
.
.
.
. ...
, 1 , 2 , 1,2,3 3 .
3... . . , ...
. . 5 8 ... ...
7 . ,
, . ... ... .
1200 1300 . .
, , , . .
. ... . ... , ,
, ... ,
. .
. , .(VE )
. . ...
. .
... .
... .(PE )
. ,
. .. ... .
-
- 165 -
.(PE )
. ...
.
. .
10 . ... 4 .
.
. . 10
20 . 10-15 . 4,5
... 8,90 ... ... 2...
. . .
6 ..
. 3
. 5 , ... .(PE )
... . , 4 .
1 , ... 2 . 4. 2, 2.
. . .
, ,
. . . ,
, ... , ... ...
...
. . , 2 ,
, ... . ... ...
. 1. , ...
...
. , . . ,
700 , 750 ,
... .(VE )
. .
. .. ...
.
.(PE )
... , . , , ,
-
- 166 -
, ... . 1 ,
, . , ,
. . 1/3 ,
, , ,
. ... , .
... . 1 , 10... 20
. , (?) ...
...
. . . ..
...
. ... , . ,
. ( )
. .. , ,
, , ,
, , . .
. . ,
.( )
. , ,
. ,
, . .
. . ,
.(VE )
3-2-4.
.
, , , , ,
.
.
(1)
-
- 167 -
(%)
VE PE
(%) (%) (%) (%)
157(35.9) 33(40.2) 67(43.8) 31(33.3) 26(34.2)
250(57.2) 49(59.8) 86(56.2) 62(66.7) 50(65.8)
30(6.9) : // (
) ?(/)
, //
( )
.
.
250(57.2%)
59.8%, VE 56.2%, PE 66.7%,
65.8% .
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
1998
-
- 168 -
. 2002
. 2002
.
(%) 129 4 70 29.15 16.402
(%) = ( - )/ X 100
(%)
129
29.15% .
. 5
. , ,
.
.
.
(a)
... . ... 30 25 .
... ... ... . 2 , 3
. , , 6 12
, , 18 , ... 13 .(VE )
10 IMF .
, . . .
. , ... ...
... ... . ...
-
- 169 -
. . 2
... . .
...
. .
... .
... MCE 10% .
.. ... .
. ...
. ... . ...
...(PE )
... . . ,
. . ... 3, 4? ...
10 . 13, 14 10. . .(
)
. IMF , 50% , , 16
, 1 9... , . (
)
16 9... IMF , ...
. , , .
. ... 90%? 1/3 . 9
, 8 . 2 ...
14 8 ... . ( )
, . ... 4 ...
. 23 ? 4,5 . ...
1800 , 15 . ,
, 1400 1500... ... 1600
1700... 2 . ... 17
. .( )
4 3 . PE-M
... 25 ? ... 16... .
.(PE )
(b)
... ... IMF ...
1000 . 600 400
-
- 170 -
. 2,3 . 2,3 .
. ... PE ,
PE-M ... .
... VE 13 10 .
.(PE )
. ...
. . PM...
. ... 1 . ... 2001...(PE )
... , ... 17 .
, , . , .
. ... .
. 10... ( )
? . . . 98
, 99 . 99 . 98
. 7 10 .
, , ...(VE )
(c)
. 2 . , ... VE
, ,
, . ... IMF... 97
IMF...? 98 . 97, 98 .
, ... , ...
. . , ,
... ... ... ...(VE
)
, . . . 20
11 . , .
, ...( )
(2)
-
- 171 -
(%)
VE PE
(%) (%) (%) (%)
243(55.6) 51(70.8) 107(71.8) 42(53.8) 43(78.2)
112(25.9) 21(29.2) 42(28.2) 36(46.2) 12(21.8)
81(18.5)
No() 243(55.6) 1) ?2) ?3) ?4) , ?
.
No() : () : () : () : () :
() 64(14.6)
() 26(5.9)
() 17(3.9)
() 6(1.4)
81(18.5)
.
112(25.9%) , 29.2%,
VE 28.2%, PE 46.2%, 21.8%
. 2 49
(10.2%) .
,
.
2000
.
.
-
- 172 -
2002.02001.02000.01999.01998.01997.0
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
, .
2 20(1 10)
1 1 .
2000
3.75 1.96
.( = 28)
28 1 7 3.75 1.669
28 0 4 1.96 1.105
. ,
.
-
- 173 -
.
(a) ( )
. ,
7, 80... IMF . 40 , 200 ...
, , ,
. . 4 , , ...
, , ...
... . ...
.(VE )
(b)
. . .
8 . 10
, 1 ... .
.(PE )
(3)
.
, ,
, .
159(36.4%) .
47.3%, VE 41.3%, PE 58.8%, 32%
.
6.6%
,
,
.
. ( = 45)
-
- 174 -
. 1995-1996
.
9
.
.
(%)
VE PE
(%) (%) (%) (%)
189(43.2) 39(52.7) 81(58.7) 35(41.2) 34(68.0)
159(36.4) 35(47.3) 57(41.3) 50(58.8) 16(32.0)
89(20.4)
No() 189(43.2) 1) () ?2) () , ?3) , () ? ?4) () ?
.
No() : () : () : () : () :
() 130(29.7)
() 26(5.9)
() 3(0.7)
() 0(0)
89(20.4)
-
- 175 -
2002.0
2001.0
2000.0
1999.0
1998.0
1997.0
1996.0
1995.0
1994.0
5
4
3
2
1
0
.
,
,
.
(4)
-
- 176 -
(%)
VE PE
(%) (%) (%) (%)
192(43.9) 44(59.5) 30(40.5) 53(61.6) 28(71.4)
147(33.6) 67(47.9) 73(52.1) 33938.4) 11(28.2)
98(22.4)
No() 192(43.9) 1) ?2) ?3) ?
.
No() : () : () : () :
() 68(15.6)
() 51(11.7)
() 28(6.4)
98(22.4)
.
.
,
. 147
33.6% , VE (52.1%) (47.9%)
. 78(18.1%)
. 95
(21.7%) 2000
. 2.38
3.94 .( = 52)
-
- 177 -
2002.02001.02000.01999.01998.01997.01996.01995.0
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
52 0 10 2.38 2.050
52 0 12 3.94 2.593
2002.02001.02000.01999.01998.01997.01996.01995.0
20
10
0
-
- 178 -
49 1 15 2.22 2.801
50 1 17 4.05 3.390
2000 2001
. 2.22 4.05
.
2000
.
.
? ... IMF ... 97, 8 .
. .
. ,
, , ...
... ... ,
... ... , 1 ... 1
... . (VE )
, ... ...
, ... .
. . ... 5, 6 . ,
... , . .
, . .
, , 3,4 , ,
, , 3,4 ,
. , , . (VE
)
, , .
, ,
-
- 179 -
, .
. , ,
, .
, .(VE )
51.. ... 6 ... 5 . .
. ...
. .(VE )
, ...
. . .
... ... ... 95 96...
5,6 . ...
... . . ...(VE
)
... . .
... ... ... 8 6 .
. ...
... 2001? ? ... ,
. (PE )
(5)
(%)
1) ?.
2) () ?.
366(83.8)
9(2.1)
62(14.2)
9
.
.
-
- 180 -
.
(6)
.
,
. ,
.
.
.
5 ,
,
.
.
.
.
.
1998-1999
, 2000
.
.
3 . ... ... ...
... 100 ... . 31 . 3 1
-
- 181 -
. IMF ... .
. . ... , .
... .(VE )
... 3100. ... ... ... 30% . 4 6
. IMF , 6 4 .. ... ,
. 97 10 ... , ...
.. .. 10
, .... 10
...(VE )
... , ... 3100. ... . ? . 46
. . ...
, ( )
? 3800... ... ? 55 ... ,
... 46 37 . .( )
3-3.
.
.
.
.
.
-
- 182 -
(%)
()
3-3-1.
(1)
, ,
.
,
.
-
- 183 -
(%)
VE PE
(%) (%) (%) (%)
173(39.6) 44(57.1) 71(50.0) 29(33.0) 29(67.4)
178(40.7) 33(42.9) 71(50.0) 59(67.0) 14(32.6)
86(19.7)
No() 173(39.6) 1) ?2) ?3) ?
.
No() : () : () : () :
() 40(9.2)
() 76(17.4)
() 62(14.2)
86(19.7)
178(40.7%) .
50% . PE 67%
. VE (50%),
(42.9%) (32.9%)
. 138(31.6%)
.
152
(34.8%) , 166(38%)
. 101(23.1%)
. 2000
.
-
- 184 -
2002.52000.01997.51995.01992.51990.01987.5
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
(%) 17 .00 150.00 68.08 51.68
(%) 56 -90.00 900.00 59.06 135.43
(%) 68 1.54 900.00 48.33 121.74
(2)
.
,
.
IMF ? ... . ...
. . ... ... . ,
. .
, . . .
. . . ( )
... . ...
-
- 185 -
, ... ... 2/3 ?
. ( )
3-3-2.
.
.
.
(1) (A) / () (M) / (P) /
(S)
.
.
.
5 . 5 7,80
. ...
90-100 ... ...
. 60 ,
...(PE )
ex 1) A=80 / M=100 / P=60 (OLI)=(80-60)/60X100 = 33.3(%)
33.3% .
ex 2) (LI)=60/100 X 100 = 60(%) 60%
.
... 900. ... 120 ...
, 900 . .
() ... . 5 ,
... ... ...
. ,
, .
... , . ,
. ... 750 . .
... , ,
600 , 500
... , , 700 700
-
- 186 -
... 600, 650 .
. 10 ... .
, , 65%? 85% .
800 . ... ,
800 ... (VE )
. 400 600. 8
600. . . ,
, 650 700 .(VE )
80. 80 .
. ...
... ... 60 .
10 50 .
.(PE )
... . 150
200 . 1000 . .
. ...
750. . . 8.
. 300 ... 150 600 ...
... ... .
... .. ... 8
... 8 600 ... 8
10 600 ... 10 8
. .
. ...(VE
)
. ... ... 100
... . 10 ... 80... 70, 80... .
... 40...
. .. . .
... 10 40 ...(VE )
. . .
.. ... ... ... ..
. .
.(VE )
17. . . .
-
- 187 -
. 20 ... ...
. ... ... (PE )
, , ... ...
. ... ... 10 .
14 . 10 . ...
... 8. ?() ...
... , . ( )
(2) (Over-Lodaing Index)
.
.
.
(%) (%) (%)
(%) 25 0 78% 25% 18.6
(%) = ( - )/ X 100
(%)
(%)
.75.63.50.38.25.130.00
10
8
6
4
2
0
(%)
-
- 188 -
25
25%
. 25% ,
,
.
(3) (Limitation Index)
(LI)
.
, .
.
(%) (%) (%)
(%) 25 36.67 100.00 73.18 17.38
(%) = / X 100
(%)
100.0
95.0
90.0
85.0
80.0
75.0
70.0
65.0
60.0
55.0
50.0
45.0
40.0
35.0
5
4
3
2
1
0
(%)
-
- 189 -
25 73.18%
12 75% , 3 95%
.
3-3-3.
(1)
.
:
.
.
.
... ... 11
... ... 9 .
1300 1400.. ...
... 1400 ... .
.. ... ... ... .,. ...
. ...
8 .. ... .. . (VE )
.
. ... 9 . 9 .
. . . ... .
..(PE )
.
-
- 190 -
.
, .
, ... 11,12 .
7,8 ... .. .. 3,4 .
. . ...
. . .
.(PE )
. ... ... .
. , ...
... . . 12 . 7
... ( )
, , OT
, , ,
, . . ... 1 2
. . .
. . ( )
(2)
10 ,
20 .
.
.
: 20
. , ...
... , 15 20 .(VE )
. . . 20
(VE )
. ... 10, .
... , 20
-
- 191 -
. 10 . (VE )
... .. ?
... , . ...
10 , . .
. (PE )
. 1
.
. 2 . ...
, , . . 10, 20
. ,
. ... ... . ,
, , .(
)
3-4.
.
.
.
.
-
- 192 -
,
3-4-1.
... ,
. ,
. . . ...
4 5 ... . ... ...
... . .
.(VE )
. ...
... . .
... . .
. ... 1,2
... ...(PE )
, , ... ... .
... 97... 5 . , 1
, ..( )
... . . ...
.. ..
, ... . . ... ...
, ... ... ...
... . . ...
. ... ... .
. . ... .
. ... .
. . .(PE )
-
- 193 -
... ... ... ?
. , , ... ... ,
, .
, . ...
, , .
... . . ,
, . ...
. . 2 .
... IMF . ( )
3-4-2.
, .
,
.
.
, , ,
.
.
(1) :
. , ... .
. ... ... ...
... . ,
. , ,
... .
. ...
, ... . ,
, ? .
(PE )
, , ,
. , ...
, . ...
-
- 194 -
,
... , ,
.(VE )
. ...
. .
.
. .
. (VE )
(2)
. 119
... .
... . ...
...
... . ,
...
... ... .... ... ...
IMF ... ...
. ...
.... ...
... .. .
. .
... 2 . ...
... ...(PE )
3-4-3.
,
.
.
(1)
, ,
. . ...
.
-
- 195 -
,
. (VE )
1 , ...
. . ,
,
... ... ...
. . ...
.
. ... .
... .
... ... .
. ... ... ..
... .
. ...
, ... .(VE )
. .
. ... ...
.
... .
... ...
. .
, .
. ...(PE )
(2)
, ..
, . .
. ,
. . .
? .
. . .
. , .
. .
.(VE )
-
- 196 -
4.
1997
.
.
.
4-1.
, , ,
. 1997
2000 . .
/
-
- 197 -
4-2.
97 ,
959(1997) 623(2002 10) 35% .
2.5(/100) 7.06(/100) 282%
. 2000
1997 2040 2000 2140
230% .
2000 .
.
2.5
0.77
3.45
5.75
4.5
7.06
9.59
7.82
6.69 6.78
6.23 6.23
2.04
1.211
1.7332.011
1.75 1.65
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
(100 ) (x 100) (x )
-
- 198 -
4-3.
.
,
.
, ,
.
.
4-3-1.
2000
. 1998
29% . ,
,
, ,
.
4-3-2.
2000
.
.
, ,
.
4-3-3. ,
1990 ,
.
-
- 199 -
4-3-4.
.
( , ),
( ), ( )
. 2000
.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
4-4.
.
(%) 25%
25% .
73% .
-
- 200 -
.
2 10 1 10 2 20
.
4-5.
.
.
.
,
.
.
,
.
.
-
- 201 -
( )
1.
1-1.
1) ( )/ ( )/ ( )/ ( )
2) ( )/ ( )/ (// )
3) ( )/ ( )
5) ( kg)/ ( cm)
1-2.
1) ?
?
2) ? ?
3) ?
?
4) ?
.
5) 1
.
6) ?
1-3.
1) ? ,
.
2) ? /
/ / .
-
- 202 -
3) .
4) ?
.
5) , ,
.
2.
2-1.
1) .
, .
2-2.
1) . /
/ .
2) ,
.
3)
.
4)
.
.
5) / /
.
?
2-3.
1) ?
-
- 203 -
2)
?
3)
?
4) .
?
5) /// ?
?
2-4.
1) / /
.
2) / /
.
3) / /
.
4) / /
.
5) / /
.
2-5.
1)
?
2)
?
3)
?
4)
.
-
- 204 -
3. ( 5 )
3-1.
1) ? 6 (//
) . 5
(1998-1999-2000-2001-2002) .
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